...health status are Body Mass Index (BMI), blood pressure and glucose. The body mass index (BMI) is the metric currently in use for defining...
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...SCI228 Week6 ilab Definition of Body Mass Index First, the Body Mass Index or BMI, also known as Quetelet’s index(Pruitt, p. 442), measures the ratio of a person’s body weight to their height, and in adult’s correlates strongly with their total body fat content. Further, a body mass index of less than 20 is considered to be underweight, while a body mass index that is between 20 and 25 is considered to be healthy. However, a body mass index in that ranges between 25 and 30 is regarded as overweight. Even more so, a body mass index that is over 30 is regarded as obese. Finally, if a body mass index is 100 or greater, it is regarded as morbidly obese. In order to calculate a person’s BMI, the following formula can be used to determine that value: BMI (kg/m^2) = weight (kg) / height (m)^2 In my personal case, the calculation would be: First convert weight in lbs to kg: 140 lbs / 2.2 lbs/kg = 63.64 kg Then, convert height in inches to meters: 68 in. * 0.0254 m/in. = 1.73 m Square the height in meters: 1.73 m = 2.99 m^2 My personal calculated BMI is: BMI (kg/m^2) = 63.64 kg / 2.99 m^2 = 21.28 kg/m^2 Thus, according to the BMI index, I am classified as being in the healthy range for my personal BMI value. Eating Regiment I have established an everyday eating regiment which will allow me to maintain my current healthy weight by using a meal planning tool from “www.eatthismuch.com.” By using this tool, I have developed a 3-mean plan for any given day based on a 2500 calories-per-day...
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...RESEARCH Research and Professional Briefs Children’s School-Related Food and Physical Activity Behaviors Are Associated with Body Mass Index Tracy C. Vericker, PhD ARTICLE INFORMATION Article history: Accepted 22 July 2013 Available online 24 October 2013 ABSTRACT Childhood obesity is a critical public health issue, with prevalence rates reaching nearly one in five children. Schools may be a promising public policy intervention point. The foods schools sell and the physical activity environments they foster can influence dietary behaviors and overall physical activity. Using secondary data from a nationally representative sample of children from the kindergarten class of 1998-1999 and nonexperimental methods, this study examines the associations between the food and physical activity environments in school and body mass index (BMI) for low-income boys and girls in the 8th grade during 2007. Results reveal that participating in school sports is associated with a 0.55 lower BMI score for boys. For low-income girls, eating the school breakfast is associated with a 0.70 higher BMI score and eating the school lunch is associated with a 0.65 higher BMI score. Each hour spent on homework is associated with a 0.02 higher BMI score for low-income girls. These findings suggest that schools may influence adolescent BMI and that there is room for improvement in school food and physical activity environments to promote healthier weights for lowincome boys and girls. J Acad Nutr Diet...
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...To Assess Your Own Body Weight and Develop a Diet and Exercise Program iLAB Anthony D’Agostino DeVry University Health Wellness and Nutrition What is Body Mass Index? By definition, Body Mass Index is a measurement representing the ratio of a person’s body weight to his or her height. The BMI describes the body weight relative to height, and it correlates strongly (in adults) with the total body fat content. A body mass index of less than 20 is considered to be underweight, while a body mass index between 20 and 25 is considered healthy. A body mass index in the range of 25 to 30 is regarded as overweight. A body mass index over 30 is regarded as obese. A body mass index of 100 or greater is regarded as morbidly obese. Determining my Body Mass Index The formula for determining Body Mass Index is: BMI (kg/m2) = weight (kg) / height (m)2 For my personal BMI calculation, I will use the following factors: Weight – 205lbs. 205lb / 2.2 = 93.2kg. Height = 6 feet tall. 6 ft * 12 inches = 72in. 72 in. x 0.0254 m/in. = 1.8288m. Square root of my height in Meters = 1.8288 x 1.8288 = 3.345 m2 93.2kg / 3.345 m2 = 27.86 BMI Compare/Contrast BMI & Individual Plan Daily Meal According to the chart in Figure 11.1 in the textbook, I am considered obese. With that, I have developed a Daily eating regiment to allow me to lose the weight necessary to reach my healthy BMI. Using a Meal Plan tool from Livestrong.com, I have developed a 4-mean plan for a given...
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...RESEARCH Research and Professional Briefs Children’s School-Related Food and Physical Activity Behaviors Are Associated with Body Mass Index Tracy C. Vericker, PhD ARTICLE INFORMATION Article history: Accepted 22 July 2013 Available online 24 October 2013 ABSTRACT Childhood obesity is a critical public health issue, with prevalence rates reaching nearly one in five children. Schools may be a promising public policy intervention point. The foods schools sell and the physical activity environments they foster can influence dietary behaviors and overall physical activity. Using secondary data from a nationally representative sample of children from the kindergarten class of 1998-1999 and nonexperimental methods, this study examines the associations between the food and physical activity environments in school and body mass index (BMI) for low-income boys and girls in the 8th grade during 2007. Results reveal that participating in school sports is associated with a 0.55 lower BMI score for boys. For low-income girls, eating the school breakfast is associated with a 0.70 higher BMI score and eating the school lunch is associated with a 0.65 higher BMI score. Each hour spent on homework is associated with a 0.02 higher BMI score for low-income girls. These findings suggest that schools may influence adolescent BMI and that there is room for improvement in school food and physical activity environments to promote healthier weights for lowincome boys and girls. J Acad Nutr Diet...
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...Nutrients are a chemical constituent of food that provides energy and support growth, repair and normal functioning of the body. 1.2 Nutritional health Malnutrition – is a condition in which the body does not receive enough nutrients to function properly. Under nutrition – Is an outcome of insufficient food intake it includes being underweight for one's age, too short for one's age, dangerously thin for one's height and deficient in vitamins and minerals. Deficiency – Is a balance of nutrients in the body, this can be to the lack of nutrients in your diet or a medical condition that prevents certain nutrients being absorbed from the diet. Overweight- Overweight refers to increased body weight in relation to height, when compared to some standard of acceptable or desirable weight. The Department of health define overweight as having a body mass index greater than or equal to 25. Obesity - is defined as an excessively high amount of body fat in relation to lean body mass. BMI stands for Body Mass Index; it is a number that shows body weight adjusted for height. A person with a body mass index greater than or equal to 30 is considered to be obese. 1.3 Nutritional measure Nutritional and energy balance – Energy balance is the relationship between energy in food calories taken into the body through food and drink and energy out is calories being used in the body for our daily energy...
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...Name Instructor’s Name Course Title Date Obesity According to the Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders, obesity is the rapid accumulation of fat in the body of an individual. However, there exists a very thin line between overweight individuals and obese individuals. The mechanism of development of the obese phenomena is equally unknown with certainty. However, it is known with certainty that obesity has developed into an epidemic of some sort and huge monster in the lives of several citizens, especially in the US. Statistics suggests that about 70% of obese adolescents proceed to become obese adults. According to the Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders, there are not so many ways of measuring the obesity of an individual. Much as the general approach of researchers is to measure the amount of accumulated body fat; there is no consensus as to which is the cutoff point beyond which excess fat becomes obesity. However, there have been attempts to unearth the mystery several times in the past. For example, previously, scientists have measured the skinfold thickness of children aged 5-18 and classified those with a percentage of body fat at 25%-30% as fat. On the other hand, the Center for Disease Control and Prevention defines overweight to be at or above the 95th percentile of Body Mass Index ratio (Deghan et al, 2005). More researches have sprouted, and each still assumes a subjective position in as far as accurate determination of obesity criterion is concerned...
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...CHAPTER 2: ALGORITHM WORKBENCH (Input, processing, and output) 3. Write assignment statements that perform the following operations with the variables a, b, and c. a. Adds 2 to a and stores the result in b b. Multiplies b times 4 and stores the result in a c. Divides a by 3.14 and stores the result in b d. Subtracts 8 from b and stores the result in a 8. Write a pseudocode statement that assigns the sum of 10 and 14 to the variable total. 9. Write a pseudocode statement that subtracts the variable downPayment from the variable total and assigns the result to the variable due. 11. If the following pseudocode were an actual program, what would it display? Declare Integer a = 5 Declare Integer b = 2 Declare Integer c = 3 Declare Integer result Set result = a + b * c Display result 12. If the following pseudocode were an actual program, what would it display? Declare Integer num = 99 Set num = 5 Display num PROGRAMMING EXERCISES (Input, processing, and output) 2. Sales Prediction A company has determined that its annual profit is typically 23 percent of total sales. Design a program that asks the user to enter the projected amount of total sales, and then displays the profit that will be made from that amount. Hint: Use the value 0.23 to represent 23 percent 3. Land Calculation One acre of land is equivalent to 43,560 square feet. Design a program that asks the user to enter the total square feet in...
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...Modern Diet and Metabolic Variance The objective of the research is to propose a physiological rationale for the positive correlation between alanine transaminase activity and body mass. Body weight status is determined with reference to the body mass index. Those with a BMI ranging between 18-24.99 kg/m2 are considered healthy. Individuals falling within the 25.00-29.99 kg/m2 category are classified as overweight while obesity is reserved for those reaching or exceeding a body mass index of 30 kg/m2. A well-documented example of metabolically driven weight gain exists physiologically. When females approach menarche, their bodies attempt to conserve energy via the development of adequate adipose tissue reserves. This metabolic phenomenon has also evolved to accumulate enough energy stores that in the event of conception, adequate resources would be available to sustain pregnancy It is likely that metabolic processes that drive weight gain are multiplicative, employing a variety of different pathways of energy metabolism. An earlier paper published on this topic identified the hepatic enzyme, alanine transaminase, as a strongest predictor of body mass index of all observed variables. It is possible to deduce that individuals with higher levels of the enzyme may be more efficient at alanine recycling. In these individuals, it seems likely that a greater portion of the substrate, in this case alanine, is reversibly converted back into pyruvate. This may result in a greater...
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...Inequalities According to our textbook located on page 151 (Dugopolski, M. (2012) the formula for Body Mass Index (BMI) is: BMI = 703W H^2 Now, W is equal to an individual’s weight in pounds and H is equal to the height in inches. The height I will be using in the following problems is 70 inches. The stated intervals combine three compound between inequalities, and one “ordinary,” inequality. For the Body Mass Index (BMI) will be used in inequalities; for this formula they will also be supplemented to solve the inequality for W, that will define the ranges of weight that are particular for the height being utilized. Our first interval indicates which individual might have a longer life span then average. The compound interval that will be used is: 17 < BMI < 22 17 < 703W < 22 Equivalent inequality will be replacing BMI in the formula. H^2 17 < 703W < 22 (70)^2 I have replaced H^2 with my height in inches. 17 < 703W < 22 4900 We square the denominator and then multiply it by each numerator. In this case it will be 17, 703W, and 22. 17(4900)<703W(4900)<22(4900) It has now been cancelled. 49000 83300<703W<107800 Carry out the multiplication 83300<703W<107800 The terms are then divided by 703 in order to isolate W. 703 703 703 118.5<W<153.3 Those with the height of 70 inches may indeed have a longer than average...
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... Obesity leads to conditions that are obesity related. Diabetes, sleep apnea, arthritis, hypertension, cancer and even depression are conditions an obese person can encounter (World Health Organization, 2010). Obesity not only strains the healthcare and financial system of the United States it also strains personal and professional relationships as well. In this paper I aim to show how diabetes affects different avenues of a person’s life, what treatment options are available, and what programs are available in my community. I will also show how obesity has affected me personally and professionally. A person can be defined as being obese if their body weight is over 20% of their ideal body weight. Morbid or severe obesity is when a person weight is 100 pounds over their ideal bodyweight or a Body Mass Index over 40. Body Mass Index (BMI) is calculated using a person’s weight and height. Morbid obesity can lead to disabling and severe health crisis for a person(World Health Organization, 2010). Morbid Obesity is actually a condition recognized as a disability by the Social Security Administration. According to the rules of disability a condition must interfere with one or more major lifestyle abilities. I am classified as being morbid obese. This was not a type of classification I wanted nor is it a joking matter. I am a real person, with health problems, and some would be better if I was not obese. I never thought being overweight could classify me as being...
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...Body Fat and Eating Disorders Joseph McLain SCI/241 September 22, 2013 Dr. Doug Beaudette Body Fat and Eating Disorders The body’s relative amount of fat to fat-free mass is what body composition is. People, who are healthier, move more easily and efficiently, have optimal body composition. Your overall wellness and improving your quality of life is from achieving a more optimal body composition. Body fat and fat-free mass, which is what all the body’s non-fat tissues are made of, are the two types of body composition. Things like bone, water, muscle, and tissues are what is included with fat-free mass. Body fat is literally fat located within the body. Fat also provides energy and helps protect internal organs, and regulates hormones that perform various functions in body regulation, making fat necessary for overall health. Having an excessive accumulation of body fat is how someone gets overweight or obese. According to “Point Medical Services”(2011) “ Body fat includes essential fats, such as lipids, and nonessential body fats; these fats make up around five percent of total body weight for men, and up to 12 percent for women. Nonessential fat is found mainly within fat cells and adipose tissue, below the skin and surrounding major organs. The amount of nonessential fat stored in the body is variable among individuals on factors such as age, gender, and diet. Excess nonessential fat can normally be attributed to consuming more food energy than what is burned...
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...natural history of obesity. In order to understand it, you must determine what a normal body fat content is and how it changes with age. Most recently, there are four component models of body composition that don’t rely on major assumptions about constant compositions that have been developed. The models offer the opportunity to determine the relation between age and body composition components such as fat in a more accurate way. In 1999, a study was done showing several studies showing body composition variables like fat mass and how they vary significantly among ethnic groups. Subjects and Methods Fat mass was determined once in a large sample of healthy volunteers by using a 4 component model requiring measurement of body volume, total body water, total body bone mineral mass and the body weight. The relation between age and body fat was explored by using several different statistical methods and the 1324 volunteers ages 20-94 were recruited for his study through various means of advertising. These studies were performed between 1986 and 1997 and each potential subject needed to have all four grandparents while also being screened with a medical history questionnaire and brief physical exam. Each subject fasted overnight and a body weight was measured to + 0.2 kg by using a standard balance scale and measured to + 0.5 cm and all the measurements were completed on the same day. Body density and volume were determined by using a specific method where each subject...
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...Title Fast-Food Restaurant Advertising on Television and Its Influence on Childhood Obesity Author Shin-Yi Chou, Lehigh University and National Bureau of Economic Research Inas Rashad, Georgia State University Michael Grossman, City University of New York Graduate Center and National Bureau of Economic Research Introduction Childhood obesity around the world, and particularly in the United States, is an escalating problem that has received much attention of late. In less than thirty years, the prevalence of overweight children and adolescents in America has more than doubled. In the 1963-1970 period, 4 percent of children aged 6 to 11 years and 5 percent of adolescents aged 12 to 19 were defined as being overweight. The percentage of children who are overweight has more than tripled by 1999, reaching 13 percent. For adolescents, the incidence of overweight has nearly tripled in the same period, reaching 14 percent (Centers for Disease Control 2001). Finding the causes of this dramatic increase in obesity among children and adolescents is an important input in designing prevention policies. On the simplest level, weight gain is caused by more energy intake than energy expenditure over a long period of time. The problem of energy imbalance is not purely due to genetics, since our genes have not changed substantially during the past two decades. Researchers have tended to focus on environmental factors such as the availability of highly palatable and calorie-dense fast...
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...Organization that with increasing levels of the body mass index which is (the weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters) of 25.0 or higher in Europeans, lower in East Asia, no association of an increase in BMI for South Asian. Although limited data was represented in 1995, black women indicted that risk of death had increased at high levels of BMI (>35). The Black Women’s health had carried out a study on 51,695 black women from 1995-2008 by sending them follow up questionnaires every two years where many were excluded from the research due to illness such as: cancer, cardiovascular disease, current pregnancy and some other sicknesses. In 1995, their assessment body sizes and covariates were based on height, weight and circumference, basic information we also taken from the individual females such as: marital status, vigorous activity, alcohol intake, smoking status etc. There were 1773 death identified during follow up, 770 occurred among 33,916 women who had never smoked. In the nonsmokers group, their death was lowest for BMI of 20.0 to 24.9. Studies were not done on among men so whether it is the same that’s unknown. As the body mass index above this range, the risk of death increased with the BMI. A big waist size was associated with an increased risk of death from any women with a BMI of less than 30.0. Conclusion: This risk of death due to large waist circumference is high in black women when their Body Mass Index of 25.0 or higher, it is also a similar...
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