...Boeing, the $55 billion Chicago-based aerospace company, has been a major player in the global economy for almost a century. But now the company is undertaking a far-reaching transformation as it uses cutting-edge materials and electronics and high-level technology for the design and assembly process of its new passenger plane –the Boeing 787. The new plane, nicknamed the “Dreamliner,” is Boeing’s bid for market leadership in competition with Airbus. The new midsize passenger jet will have an outer shell and about half of its parts made of carbon-fiber-reinforced plastic, which will make it lighter and give it better fuel economy. In January 2006, the company had 291 firm orders and 88 commitments from 27 airlines for the new 787, which will seat from 250 to 330 passengers in varying configurations. The list price is about $150 million per plane. The previous state of the art in aviation manufacturing was to have global partners work from a common blueprint to produce parts-actually, whole sections of the airplane-that were then physically shipped to a Boeing assembly plant near Seattle to see if they fit together. Prior to the 787, wood mock-ups of planes would be constructed to see if parts built by partners around the world would really fit together. When the process failed, the cost in time and production was extreme. Boeing’s shift goes beyond making planes faster and cheaper. The new business model takes Boeing from manufacturing to a high-end technology systems integrator...
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...COLLABORATION THE NECESSARY EVIL AT THE WORK PLACE School of Management Leadership and Organizational Behavior Abstract The purpose of this research is to showcase the necessity of collaboration at the work place. The nature of collaboration needed among different components of the work place, leading to high job satisfactions and increased productivity. I will also go into details on the other benefits that can be realized when these work units collaborate among each other. The company I will specifically be dealing with in this research is Boeing and how collaboration has worked into its ultimate success throughout the years. The Organization Organization: Boeing Location: Seattle Washington; headquarters in Chicago with presence in several countries around the world. Economic sector: Aerospace Industry. Services Offered: Manufacturing of commercial jetliners, Design, assemble and support defense systems, Satellites and launch vehicles among other services. Number of employees: over 170,000 employees in the United States alone. Website: http://www.boeing.com Background Boeing is a large company of more than 170,000 fulltime and part-time contingent employees. The company is located in Seattle Washington but its headquarters are in Chicago with other locations in the United States and a plethora of others all over the world. With such a large base of employees, the company’s strategy has to be well planned and coordinated to ensure delivery of customer’s...
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...CASE STUDY Boeing 787: Global Supply Chain Management Takes Flight Leveraging Global Partners to Maximize Customer Value Company Profile World’s leading aerospace company and the largest manufacturer of commercial jetliners and military aircraft combined Goal Leverage global partners to reduce cost, speed time-to-market, and increase customer value while maintaining the highest level of safety Challenge How to maintain visibility and control while transitioning from a vertically integrated manufacturing model to a global partner model that leverages providers of best value components and technology Solution Exostar’s Supply Chain Management Solution powered by E2open software to provide end-to-end management of the order, inventory, and planning processes executed across multiple tiers of supply partners Expected Results Eliminate latency in communicating demand /supply changes and change impacts across partner tiers Ensure continuity of supply while minimizing supply disruptions Improved on-time delivery and ship-tocommit date with end customer Provide global visibility to all partners involved in the delivery of the completed assemblies Reduce total manufacturing cost by leveraging best price and value partners globally The new Boeing super-efficient jet liner is the 787 Dreamliner. Scheduled for delivery beginning in 2008, the Dreamliner provides passengers with a better flying experience and operators with a...
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...Internal Analysis Constant changes in management – 1995-2006 CEO Replacements, Shrontz, Condit, McNerny Condit developed the 2016 vision but was McNerny able to keep momentum going. There were too many re-orgs which change management could affect operations and perspectives. There did not seem to be IT involvement/inclusion in the Technical Advisor Council, who was responsible for its oversight, and IT did not seem to be part of the council. Boeing did not seem to have strategic focus and leadership. • Boeing realized that they could no longer focus on airplane manufacturing to be successful • Boeing realize that they were dependent on a cyclical airline market • Boeing shareholders were it executive leadership, shareholders, employees, customers, suppliers and partners, secondary stakeholders were airline customers • in 1994 Boeing's earnings shrank by nearly half then they laid off 9300 employees. • In 1997 Boeing lost the 178 million, 90% drop in profits due to production delays. • 1999 Airbus outsold Boeing for the first time. Problems • Boeing had change management problems incurred from the M&As, and did not effectively integrate business practices/processes to produce cohesive collaboration, communication, processes, integrated networks from all the acquisitions. “the biggest challenges and risks we face are cultural and organizational – not technical” o “But there was no systematic, holistic view of how to add them together. Our Task is to take these...
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...Answers to Pause/Break Section Review Questions Section 1.1 Review Questions 1. Define EC and e-business. Electronic commerce is the process of buying, selling, or exchanging products, services, and information via computer networks. E-business is a broader definition of EC that includes not just the buying and selling of goods and services, but also servicing customers, collaborating with business partners and conducting electronic transactions within an organization. 2. Distinguish between pure and partial EC. Companies utilizing pure EC conduct all of their business online. Businesses utilizing partial EC conduct a portion of their business online and a portion of their business off-line. 3. Define click-and-mortar and pure play organizations. Click-and-mortar organizations conduct e-commerce activities, but do their primary business in the physical world. Pure play organizations rely on the Internet and EC for all of their sales. 4. Define electronic markets, IOSs, and intraorganizational information systems. Electronic market – An online marketplace where buyers and sellers meet to exchange goods, services, money or information. IOSs – Communication systems that allow routine transaction processing and information flow between two or more organizations. Intraorganizational information systems – Communication systems that enable e-commerce activities to go on within individual organizations. 5. Describe non-Internet...
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...Boeing |1 Boeing Strategic Analysis Report Professor Jiang Bus 189 Matt Fong Karolyn Vong Kenneth Wong Vivian Li Jae Woo Chae Joseph Eslao Boeing |2 Assessing the Industry Each year the strong economic growth of the U.S. has led to sustained high oil and fuel prices. Between 2003 and 2007, jet fuel expenses have increased dramatically by 15 percent to more than 30 percent of operating cost. Because of this, many airlines are demanding new aircraft that are fuel efficiency in order to help reduce their operational costs. The current trend of increasing fuel prices plays a key role in increasing the current demand for new aircraft or commercial airplanes that are more fuel-efficient. In addition, the rising fuel prices have taken a big effect on the economy. As fuel prices affect consumer goods and spending, leisure travel is expected to decrease, thus affecting the airline industry's bottom line. Furthermore, since the economy has gradually moved into a recession from the effects of rising fuel prices, many airlines that are struggling to stay out of bankruptcy, are looking for more ways to become cost effective. Thus, further fueling the demand for new commercial aircrafts to become more fuelefficient (2007 Annual Report). In order to save on costs so that Boeing can provide lower prices to its customers, Boeing and its competitor, Airbus, have both turned to outsourcing. Outsourcing has allowed Boeing to become more competitive. Furthermore...
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...Boeing |1 Boeing Strategic Analysis Report Professor Jiang Bus 189 Matt Fong Karolyn Vong Kenneth Wong Vivian Li Jae Woo Chae Joseph Eslao Boeing |2 Assessing the Industry Each year the strong economic growth of the U.S. has led to sustained high oil and fuel prices. Between 2003 and 2007, jet fuel expenses have increased dramatically by 15 percent to more than 30 percent of operating cost. Because of this, many airlines are demanding new aircraft that are fuel efficiency in order to help reduce their operational costs. The current trend of increasing fuel prices plays a key role in increasing the current demand for new aircraft or commercial airplanes that are more fuel-efficient. In addition, the rising fuel prices have taken a big effect on the economy. As fuel prices affect consumer goods and spending, leisure travel is expected to decrease, thus affecting the airline industry's bottom line. Furthermore, since the economy has gradually moved into a recession from the effects of rising fuel prices, many airlines that are struggling to stay out of bankruptcy, are looking for more ways to become cost effective. Thus, further fueling the demand for new commercial aircrafts to become more fuelefficient (2007 Annual Report). In order to save on costs so that Boeing can provide lower prices to its customers, Boeing and its competitor, Airbus, have both turned to outsourcing. Outsourcing has allowed Boeing to become more competitive. Furthermore, the option of outsourcing...
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...Global Partnering: The Boeing 787 Dreamliner Story? VERSION 1.2 This case was prepared using publicly available information by Sveinn Vidar Gudmundsson, Professor, Toulouse Business School, France. It is intended to be used as a basis for class discussion rather than to illustrate either effective or ineffective handling of an administrative situation. Copyright © 2015 S V Gudmundsson, Toulouse, France. Global Partnering: The Boeing 787 Dreamliner Story? C28-1-2015-1.1 "In retrospect, our 787 game plan may have been overly ambitious, incorporating too many firsts all at once -- in the application of new technologies, in revolutionary design-and-build processes, and in increased global sourcing of engineering and manufacturing content." Boeing CEO, Jim McNerney Speech in the Wings Club of New York on November 11, 2014 When giants learn to dance The world's second-largest commercial aircraft-maker, Boeing a Chicago-based aerospace giant, was founded in 1916 in Seattle by William Boeing. In 2013 the company earned $86.623 billion in combined sales for defense and commercial aircraft divisions. The U.S. aerospace industry achieved $273 billion in sales in 2013.1 All told, Boeing and its subsidiaries employ 168,000 (160.000 in 2009) people. Boeing is the 24th largest U.S. employer, including private companies and government. Boeing, with almost half of its workforce located in Seattle, was adamant that modern economics dictate a new strategic model for the company,...
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...settle a dispute among the different business units with a conflict. This may result in the loss of competitive advantage and/or the loss of actual funds. 2. “Today’s challenge is to build transnational organizations that can sense an emerging consumer trend in one country, link it to a new technology or capability it has in another, develop a creative new product or service in a third, then diffuse that innovation rapidly around the world”. With this in mind, identify a company who has demonstrated this ability including a brief description of each step they took. Boeing is a perfect example of a company that was able to link technology and capabilities from national suppliers which they call “partners”, and to decentralize their manufacturing functionality to develop the new 747 dreamliner. Boeing first began by identifying key geographical “partners” that had the resources and functional capability to manufacture specific sections of the airplane. After doing so, they decentralized their manufacturing capability and handed the responsibility to these “partners”. Finally, what Boeing was left with was a strategically dispersed manufacturing plant across the globe. These “partners”, according to their resources and technological capabilities were delegated to manufacture a specific section of the airplane, and then all of the semi-manufactured parts were shipped to headquarters for final assembly and testing. As you can see, Boeing took a typical transnational approach...
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...Rules for Managing Global Innovation Companies are well aware that hidden in their dispersed, global operations is a treasure trove of ideas and capabilities for innovation. But it’s proving harder than expected to unearth those ideas or exploit those capabilities in global innovation projects. Some of the challenges of global projects are familiar: figuring out the right role for top executives, for example, or finding a good balance between formal and informal project management processes. But although the challenges may be familiar, the solutions are not; what works for an innovation project conducted in a single location doesn’t necessarily work for one dispersed across many sites around the world. That’s partly because many important enablers of innovation happen naturally in colocation. Single location projects draw on large reservoirs of shared tacit knowledge and trust, and when issues arise, senior management is on hand to make decisions and provide direction and support. Team members october 2012 harvard business review 85 10 Rules foR Managing global innovation share the same language, culture, and norms, enabling flexibility and iterative learning as the project unfolds. When a project spans multiple locations, many of those natural benefits—often taken for granted—are lost. Part of the challenge of dispersed innovation thus becomes how to replicate the positive aspects of colocation while harnessing the unique benefits of a global initiative. To explore...
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...How Sarbanes-Oxley Has Impacted the Auditing Profession Auditing (BME-214024-02-11FA1) Table of Contents Introduction 3 Internal System and Process Collaboration Is Critical For SOX Compliance 3-5 Analyzing SOX by Section to Assess the Impact on Auditors: Section 302 5 Section 404 5-6 Section 409 6-7 Section 802 7 SOXs’ Impact on the Audit Profession 7-8 Conclusion 8-9 References 10 Introduction In the past decade or so government-mandated compliance legislation within the auditing profession, such as the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, has created a significantly greater amount of opportunities for providing services. However, it has also introduced an entirely new and higher level of complexity as a result. In this paper I will evaluate how the Sarbanes-Oxley Act has and is continuing to influence the auditing profession, specifically concentrating on how the advantages and disadvantages of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act are impacting this profession today and in the future. Although Governance, Risk and Compliance has grown significantly as a framework for ensuring corporate-wide compliance with government-based reporting and auditing, there is still a considerable gap between actual auditing practices and performance to standards (Jelinek, Jelinek, 223). The lack of internal controls over the auditing process has created significantly more work for companies to ensure...
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...Ruback, Harvard Business School; Trevor Harris, Morgan Stanley; Aileen Stockburger, Johnson & Johnson; Dino Mauricio, General Electric; Christian Roch, BNP Paribas; Ken Meyers, Siemens Corporation; and Charles Kantor, Lehman Brothers. Moderated by Jeff Greene, Ernst & Young. The Case for Real Options Made Simple 39 Raul Guerrero, Asymmetric Strategy Valuing the Debt Tax Shield 50 Ian Cooper, London Business School, and Kjell G. Nyborg, Norwegian School of Economics and Business Administration Measuring Free Cash Flows for Equity Valuation: Pitfalls and Possible Solutions 60 Juliet Estridge, Morgan Stanley, and Barbara Lougee, University of San Diego Discount Rates in Emerging Markets: Four Models and an Application 72 Javier Estrada, IESE Business School Rail Companies: Prospects for Privatization and Consolidation 78 James Runde, Morgan Stanley A Real Option in a Jet Engine Maintenance Contract 88 Richard L. Shockley, Jr., University of Indiana A Practical Method for Valuing Real Options: The Boeing Approach 95 Scott Mathews, The Boeing Company, Vinay Datar, Seattle University, and Blake Johnson, Stanford University Accounting for Employee Stock Options and Other Contingent Equity Claims: Taking a Shareholder’s View 105 James A. Ohlson, Arizona State University and Stephen H. Penman, Columbia University A Practical Method for Valuing Real Options: The Boeing Approach by Scott Mathews, The Boeing Company, Vinay...
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...Harvard Business School Strategy Working Paper Series Working Paper Number: 02-061 Working Paper Date: February 2002 “Airbus vs. Boeing in Super Jumbos: A Case of Failed Preemption” Benjamin Esty (Harvard Business School) Pankaj Ghemawat (Harvard Business School This paper can be downloaded without charge from the Social Science Research Network electronic library at: http://ssrn.com/abstract_id=302452 Airbus vs. Boeing in Superjumbos: A Case of Failed Preemption* August 3, 2001 Rev. February 14, 2002 Benjamin C. Esty Morgan 381 Harvard Business School Boston, MA 02163 Tel: (617) 495-6159 e-mail: besty@hbs.edu Pankaj Ghemawat Morgan 227 Harvard Business School Boston, MA 02163 Tel: (617) 495-6270 e-mail: pghemawat@hbs.edu *Acknowledgements: Ramon Casadessus-Masanell, Bruno Cassiman, Richard Caves, Ken Corts, Tarun Khanna, Julio Rotemberg, Vicente Salas Fumas, Xavier Vives and seminar/workshop participants at Boston University, Copenhagen Business School, Harvard Business School, INSEAD, New York University and Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona provided helpful comments. So did senior executives at both Airbus (Adam Brown, John Leahy) and Boeing (Tim Meskill, Randy Baseler, and Jim Jessup), although their comments do not constitute an endorsement of the material in either the teaching case or this paper. We also gratefully acknowledge help from Ed Greenslet, Don Schenk, and The Airline Monitor in obtaining data and insights about the commercial jet aircraft industry...
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...Airbus vs. Boeing in Superjumbos: Credibility and Preemption by Benjamin C. Esty and Pankaj Ghemawat Current Draft: August 3, 2001 Benjamin C. Esty Morgan 381 Harvard Business School Boston, MA 02163 Tel: (617) 495-6159 e-mail: besty@hbs.edu Pankaj Ghemawat Morgan 227 Harvard Business School Boston, MA 02163 Tel: (617) 495-6270 e-mail: pghemawat@hbs.edu Acknowledgements: We would like to thank Ed Greenslet and The Airline Monitor for providing data on and insights about the commercial jet aircraft industry, Mike Kane for assistance with the original teaching case, and the Division of Research at the Harvard Business School for supporting this research. Airbus vs. Boeing in Superjumbos: Credibility and Preemption Abstract In December 2000, Airbus formally committed to spend $12 billion to develop and launch a 555-seat superjumbo plane known as the A380. Prior to and after Airbus’ commitment, Boeing started and canceled several initiatives aimed at developing a “stretch jumbo” with capacity in between its existing jumbo (the 747) and Airbus’ planned superjumbo. This paper provides a strategic (game-theoretic) interpretation of why Airbus, rather than Boeing, committed to the superjumbo, and why Boeing’s efforts to introduce a stretch jumbo have, at least to date, been unsuccessful. Specifically, game theory suggests that the incumbent, Boeing, would earn higher operating profits if it could somehow deter the entrant, Airbus, from developing a superjumbo, but...
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...Disadvantages of Collaboration in the Workplace Teams and groups exist in all levels of industries and organizations. Groups can be small or large, local or remote, coached or self-directed. Teams are found at all levels of business, from a multi-billion dollar corporation that builds jets to a small waterpark employing lifeguards and clerks. Successful teams need some form of leadership, good communication, problem-solving skills, and a purpose. Successful groups can achieve tremendous results,. When teams work together, everyone is working toward one common goal and completing the project with successful results. Average groups do just enough to achieve a goal, and then there are groups that are extraordinary. They achieve superior results and team members come away from the group experience with a newfound respect of what he or she helped accomplish. A study revealed eight performance indicators linking extraordinary groups and group members agreed. Each team member agreed teams must: have a compelling purpose, a shared leadership role, team structure, full engagement among members, embrace member differences, learn the unexpected, build trusting relationships, and achieve outstanding results. Whether the team is for-profit or not, volunteers or employees, face-to-face or virtual, these eight indicators emerged (Bellman & Ryan, 2010). Athletics and businesses share many of the same qualities. The head coach sets goals for his team as does the business manager. Head coach...
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