...applying the strategy/example chosen? Use an example that is different than the postings of other students. One of the culturally challenging barriers I have come across is that the women believe they should wait until their milk comes in before they start breast feeding. In the meanwhile they wish to feed their newborns formula from a bottle. Evidence-based practice supports breastfeeding from within one hour of birth until the child is one year old or older. In our institution we attempt cultural repatterning, that is working with the patient “to help… her change cultural practices that are harmful” (Huber, 2009, p. 14). We try to encourage the women to attend free breast feeding classes prior to delivery regarding the benefits of colostrum and the benefits of early breastfeeding . In the past nurses believed that bottle-feeding the first few days was not harmful and therefore just a cultural variation that could be supported. Allowing the mothers to formula-feed under this assumption is called cultural accommodation which “supports and facilitates the use of cultural practices that have not been proven harmful” (Huber, 2009, p. 14).Formula was believed to be the gold standard for infant feeding. At that time, cultural preservation was practiced, that is nurses supported formula-feeding assuming it was a “scientifically sound cultural” (Huber, p. 14) practice. In this instance, the outcome is the same, that is, the mothers are allowed to bottle feed their infant until their...
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...Communications in Business Critical Essay Monsanto A Review of Performance of Monsanto On Genetic Modified Planets to Environment and Mankind Boyang Xu 16004593 Semester Two 2012 Bentley Campus Tutor: Wisdom Jo Tutorial Time: Thursday 14:00-16:00 Email: xby_remind@msn.cn The past century saw huge changes in the business world. The challenge of business is changing rapidly over time. Nowadays, companies are attaching greater importance to their Corporate Social Responsibility(CSR) instead of focusing on seeking greatest profits only. Customers are becoming more and more concerned with large multinational companies' performance in respective of their social responsible manner,especially those multinational companies such as Monsanto.The Monsanto Company is an American based multinational agricultural biotechnology corporation,the world's leading producer of the Genetically Modified seeds (Monsanto, 2012a) This paper will review the social performance of Monsanto's various products to mankind, and analyze the impact of these performances on two key stakeholders: the communities Monsanto conducting business operations in and shareholders of the company. An on-balance conclusion about the company's performance in society will be provided at last. With regard to its social performance, Monsanto has always been devoted to the sustainable development of human beings. People around the world rely heavily on agriculture and the farmers working hard to satisfy their...
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...Policy #2 The history of the American economy has been greatly impacted by the industrial revolution. Life as the people of this time knew it would have a big change ahead of them. The normal life of using your hands to produce products would become more of machines doing the manual work. There was a boom in population and income stemming from the economy becoming more efficient. The Industrial Revolution increased the supply of goods dramatically from the invention of a mass-production technique that was represented by Henry Ford. The majority of the increase of supply was largely seen in mining, steel, oil, transportation networks, communications networks, industrial cities, and financial centers, but also consumer goods. The concept of people not having to use their hands as much anymore was an important advancement. The time being saved was significant not to mention how efficient these steam powered machines were in production. Now the overall work time is being cut dramatically considering they could now have settings for machines to produce the work. At the same time, the workers needed to realize this meant there would be less jobs available for employees. There would be less work to manage, but this led to creating a bigger profit since there was not as much man power needed in the factory. This idea of having the machine do the dirty work sparked the importance of profits for the business leaders, which over time has arguably led to the greedy business leaders we...
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...Introduction Founded in 1993, Chipotle Mexican Grill, Inc. has expanded from a local favorite consisting of a single location in Colorado to an international chain with over 1500 locations today. There are countless example of various corporations that experience growth trends similar to that of Chipotle’s, however, as a result of the rapid expansion and gains in sales, most of these corporations tend to neglect their corporate social responsibilities (CSR). Chipotle, on the other hand, does not fall susceptible to this trend. Through a complete examination of Chipotle’s CSR initiatives and activities, as well as detailed explanations of Chipotle’s contributions to the three “pillars” of sustainable development, one is able to see that Chipotle is a leader and an innovator in its industry regarding the corporate management of ethical dilemmas and moral responsibilities. A thorough comparison with a similar corporation in the same industry, Moe’s Southwest Grill, Inc., provides further evidence that Chipotle places immense value corporate transparency and quality morals in addition to being a genuinely ethical and responsible corporation. Following the major comparison are explanations of possible underlying motives and “market nudges” leading Chipotle to participate in particular CSR activities. Lastly, a discussion of government initiatives and potential upcoming regulations has been included to indicate the possible future direction of every firm’s corporate social responsibilities...
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...Leona Razdrih 9/23/2013 MONSANTO I chose to write about Monsanto, they are a company who has sued and have been sued. I thought I would pick out and would choose one major lawsuit and write about that in my final paper. Now, I am going to give you a brief summary of the history of the company. Monsanto was founded by John Francis Queenie in 1901, in St. Louis Missouri. He named the company after his wifes Maiden name Monsanto , John was a 30 year veteran in the pharmaceutical business. He invented quite a few things One of his first products was artificial sweetener called saccharin. That was sold to Coca-Cola. By the 1940’s the company was a major producer of plastics which included polystyrene and synthetic fibers. The scientists from Monsanto had a breakthrough research on catalytic asymmetric hydrogenation and they were the first company to mass produce LED lights. Monsanto Company is headquartered in Missouri. It is a leading producer of genetically Engineered seed and the herbicide glyphosate, which is marketed under the brand name of Round-up. This is what I’m generally concerned about, I use this product Roundup for my weeds and have heard that glyphosate is safe and non-toxic, from the research I have been doing that’s not the case. Glyphosate is an active ingredient in some common herbicides used in farming and gardening. This chemical is sprayed on the roadside when people are driving, schoolyards and sports Fields, exposing kids...
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...Bovine Growth Hormone Recombinant Bovine Growth Hormone or BGH is a drug manufactured by the Monsanto Company. This drug was produced to increase milk production in cows. The FDA approved BGH in 1993 for use in dairy farming, the usage of BGH began in 1994. After the first batch of milking it was seen that cows began to die (Wade, 1). The BGH was forcing the dairy cows to create milk faster then they could eat. This was causing their milk producing glands to extract calcium from the bones of the cows. This caused the cows to become weakened and fall down. It is also noticed that an increased occurrence of mastitis, which is an infection of the cows utters. (Wade, 1) The infection is cured by a regime of antibiotics, which make it into our milk. It is also seen that there is no legitimate use to BGH. In the United States there is a surplus of dairy products, meaning that with the use of BGH small farmers will be run out of business by the factory farms. They can produce larger quantities of milk and be able to sell them at lower prices. The production of the Bovine Growth Hormone in order to help the dairy industry has become a controversial issue since its usage approval. In today’s world being a socially responsible company is not only a trending fad but also it is almost a requirement by the consumers. Many companies have labels stating things like “dolphin free” or “BGH free.” The merchandisers use these labels to increase their sales with the socially responsible consumers...
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...As natural earth grown resources become usurped by thousands of companies competing in the market place, a shift towards making more sustainable synthetic solutions finds its way into consumer products. Monsanto a leader in the dairy product industry developed the Bovaine Growth Hormone (BGH) to help cow’s produces more milk. This product is marketed for farmers to buy and use it on cows to increase profit potential. To make this all happen Monsanto got every necessary approval including the FDAs’ to bring this product to market. With minimal research data collected the product was able to pass testing either because Monsanto misrepresented the findings of the safety of BGH or the FDA did not appropriately evaluate the potential safety concerns that may arise. Thus we have in society large corporations pushing aside possible human health concerns in order to make a considerable return on investment. Well according to a Kantian perspective this does not justify the means to an end nor would this pass under a “veil of ignorance” according to John Rawls. Canada had found conflicting results with those reported from the studies and banned the use of BGH as a result of their findings. So in turn, Fox News reporters Jane and Steve decide to do an expose of this story. In the process of writing it up Monsanto sends a letter saying that Fox News station would face ‘dire consequences’ if they aired the story. The threats eventually were able to crack senior management at Fox and they...
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...Blake Rudloff Professor Burns English 102:611 24 November, 2015 Big Ag: The Roots are Tainted “GMO efforts may have started out with good intentions, but they ended up in crops that were better improving profits” (Ostrander). This statement by Jonathan Foley in an interview by Madeline Ostrander perfectly summarizes just one of the many concerns the scientific and agricultural community has with the seed giant Monsanto. Not only has Monsanto abused its power as a big Ag corporation to advance its profits through unethical business practices, but also strengthen its stranglehold on farmers. Being a monopoly of the seed industry, Monsanto’s work in GMOs raises concerns as to the effects they have on land, animals, and humans. Monsanto is utilizing GMOs in an effort to stem the tide of world hunger, but because GMOs have only been implemented since the early 80’s their impact on human, animals, and the environment have yet to be determined. The long term effects caused by herbicides, pesticides, and hormones aren’t fully known by society yet. However, we use Monsanto’s roundup weed killer almost every day in America. This weed killer is what GMO seeds are modified to resist, giving them the ability to grow under such harsh conditions. Little is known about the effects of these roundup ready seeds, “The future of the company may lie in seeds, but the seeds of the company lie in chemicals” (Barlett and Steele). Monsanto’s roots were in chemicals far before they were planted...
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...the 1940s it was a major producer of plastics, including polystyrene and synthetic fibers. Monsanto has become the world leader in genetically modified organisms. Present in 46 countries, leader in biotechnology produces 90% of GMOs grown worldwide (soybean, rapeseed, cotton, corn, etc..) and became one of redemption by the first seed of the planet that could ultimately control the entire food chain. Notable achievements by Monsanto and its scientists as a chemical company included breakthrough research on catalytic asymmetric hydrogenation and being the first company to mass-produce light emitting diodes (LEDs). The company also formerly manufactured controversial products such as the insecticide DDT, PCBs, Agent Orange, and recombinant bovine somatotropin. On their official website this company looks like a perfect and respectable agricultural society. Their principal slogan is “Monsanto a sustainable agriculture company”. The website also shows advertisement such as "Our innovations helps farmers produce more food using less natural ressources" , "Monsanto is playing a key role in helping farmers adress the challenge of water", "Monsanto company named one of CR' magazine's 100 best corporate citizens", or “learn how Monsanto is connecting the dots to a more sustainable future”. A big part of the meal we eat contains some technology from Monsanto. However, the company has been and continues to be the subject of investigations and lawsuits relating to both chemicals and genetic...
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...he British tend to assume that something "American" is either odious, or new and improved. In the case of genetically modified foods, the public thinks the former, the Prime Minister thinks the latter. But how are "Frankenfoods" seen in America itself~ In most cases, they aren't seen at all. Estimates vary as to how many cows in the US are regularly injected with the genetically engineered growth hormone "Posilac", or bovine somatotropin (BST). Monsanto couldn't tell me. It might be 7 per cent, it might be 15, it might be 30. Anywhere from 700,000 to three million cows receive it, and their milk is not labelled, nor is the cheese or yoghurt that's made from it. An estimated 45-50 million acres of GM crops (ofthe 69.5 million planted globally) now grow in the US. These, too, go unnoticed by the average citizen. They are grown on huge, isolated farms and then sold in bulk to distributors and processors from where they slip undeclared into all manner of products - as soy beans into sauces, as potatoes into chips at McDonald's, as corn into tins of minestrone, as cotton into garments. According to Monsanto, this is because GM crops are safe and desirable. According to their detractors, they do so because of decades of political cosiness between government and agri-business. Both sides agree, though, that Monsanto won the first round of the battle in 1993, when BST became, in Monsanto's words, "the first product of biotechnology approved for commercial...
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...When Monsanto decided to introduce its genetically modified soybeans to Europe, they were faced with numerous uncontrollable forces in which they had to contend. Monsanto had little opposition to the product in the US. Consumers were indifferent to the technology and for the most part, embraced it. With this success, they assumed that the sentiment would be shared internationally. After all, Monsanto had good intentions. They had aspirations to reduce pesticide use and subside world hunger. Despite these intentions, they failed to realize that foreign environments have differing values and can be difficult to assess especially regarding political, legal and cross-cultural differences. Ultimately the product was not accepted in Europe mostly out of concern for food safety. It is important to analyze and understand the forces they were faced with to have a sense of why Monsanto failed. Monsanto failed in Europe for two main reasons. The first (outside of Monsanto’s control) was the recent outbreak of Mad Cow disease linked to British Beef, yet downplayed by the government. This event just so happened to coincide with the introduction of the genetically modified soybeans. There had been a loss of trust in government and food safety. We can refer to uncertainty avoidance in Hofstede’s four dimensions model to understand this further. Many European countries rank high in uncertainty avoidance and are risk averse. Members of this type of society have high anxiety...
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...What are Prions and their role? Prions are the proteins that cause Mad Cow Disease also known as BSE. Prions are an infectious protein. Prions are defined as an proteinaceous infectious particle, the protein is capable of changing the conformation of proteins to match its own and becomes infectious without the use of genetic materials. They can cross between species such as cattle, and sheep. Extreme heats chemical agents can inactivate the proteins. Prions are naturally occurring in the body and are not considered foreign nor do they stimulate the immune system and will not hurt your body, however the disease causing prions contact the normal prions by physical contact and alter the normal prions therefore causing the disease. With Mad Cow Disease The Prions target the specific protein in the cell that is normal called PrPC The role of protein Misfolding in BSE Diseased proteins result from improper folding and therefore the misfolded proteins induces copies of the same protein to also again misfold and increases the disease progress when it is misfolded. The scrapie prion PrPsc contacts and bumps into the normal cellular form PrPc intermediate and shifts the folding process converting them to the misfolded prion (the sheep version of mad cow disease called the PrPsc prion). The process continues over and over again. The body continues producing the normal cell PrPc and the scrapie prion PrPsc continues creating more replications of itself without needing any nucleic...
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...detailed maps along with data-analyzing technologies to understand and use them. In 2006, 252 million acres of transgenic crops were planted in 22 countries by 10.3 million farmers. The majority of these crops were herbicide- and insect-resistant soybeans, corn, cotton, canola, and alfalfa. Other crops grown commercially or field-tested are a sweet potato resistant to a virus that could decimate most of the African harvest, rice with increased iron and vitamins that may alleviate chronic malnutrition in Asian countries, and a variety of plants able to survive weather extremes. On the horizon are bananas that produce human vaccines against infectious diseases such as hepatitis B; fish that mature more quickly; cows that are resistant to bovine spongiform encephalopathy (mad cow disease); fruit and nut trees that yield years earlier, and plants that produce new plastics with unique properties. In 2006, countries that grew 97% of the global transgenic crops...
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...1.1 Introduction The UK beef industry is generally defined as an industry which is consist of a complex and in other situations they have an extremely fragmented supply chain, with other correlated sectors and sub-sectors. The British beef industry includes large number of seperated producers and a combined retail and processing sector. Therefore, as the British beef industry consists of many suppliers the industry has an elastic supply. This is because the existance of large number of suppliers enable the industry to react or bring changes to the supply in accordance with the fluctuating demand. The British beef industry is worth £6.4 billion of the British economy, playing an important role in protecting the economy’s rural way of life and providing employment opportunities to more than 130,000 workers. The UK beef sector concentrates on cross breeding dairy cows with beef and as well as concentrating on the international market. Inconsistent or contradiction in composing of finished animals is the biggest challenge the UK beef industry is facing. Having a nature of large number of fragmented foundation of 63,000 supplies, this inconsistency leads to unnecessary costs that should be passed onto the consumers. This creates a negative impact on the quality of beef produced and the value of the customers towards consumption of beef compared to other alternative meats. The industry that is mainly affected due to the demand and supply fluctuations in the...
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...Biochemistry Task 2 Ashlyn Verrecchio 000502421 October 13, 2015 Requirements: A. B. C/D. E. F. Explain how bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) occurs at a molecular level by doing the following: 1. Explain the role of prions in BSE, including each of the following: ● how prions are formed – Prions are an abnormal form of a normally harmless protein that is found in the brain and responsible for a variety of fatal neurodegenerative disease. ● the connection between misfolding and aggregation – When a protein begins misfolding it can lead to the protein aggregating, or better known as accumulating and clumping together, which can often be toxic. ● how prions lead to the disease – Prions can be found in the food in which cows eat (specifically sheep brain), when ingested, the harmful prion eventually can cause other normal proteins to begin misfolding and aggregating and than turn into harmful prions; this can take a long period of time, which leads to the build-up of these prions which eventually can lead to neurodegeneration. 2. Explain one possible role of a chaperone protein in BSE, including each of the following: ● how chaperones normally act in the cell – they assist proteins to correctly fold/assemble inside the cell ● how a chaperone protein can contribute to BSE – a defect in molecular chaperone interactions may lead to further progression of the disease instead of correction of the misfolding 3. Recommend two ways...
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