...treatments that are used to contain the disease. Now let’s look into how the disease is diagnosed. To start of with, lupus erythematosus is once again defined as a chronic autoimmune disease that can damage any part of your body. What this means is your body immune system cannot tell the difference between your bodies healthy tissues and the foreign invaders. So your body will then create autoantibodies that will attack and destroy your bodies healthy tissues. The autoaintibodies that is created will then cause inflammation, and pain. There are four branches of lupus erythematosus. (1) The first branch is systemic lupus erythematosus which is an inflammatory autoimmune disease that attacks nearly every organ in your body (skin, joints, brain, lungs, kidneys, blood, and central nervous system).(2) The second branch is called cutaneous lupus but is also known as discoid lupus which only affects the skin of the human body. (3) The next branch is the drug-induced branch which can be caused by prescription medication and will most likely disappear once you have stopped taking the medication that caused it. (4) Last but not least, the fourth branch is known as neonatal lupus which means a...
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...skull and had to be released, if headache relief was to result. In the seventeenth century, it was suggested by Willis that the head pain of 'megrim' or migraine resulted from the swelling of blood vessels within the head. Interestingly, this explanation of blood vessel swelling is close to the belief today that such swelling is involved in migraine headaches (Edmeads, 1997). At the turn of the twentieth century, Sir William Osler proposed that headaches were due to 'muscular rheumatism' of the head. This was probably the first suggestion that muscle abnormalities might be involved. During the 1940s, Wolff carried out a series of experiments that showed that involuntary contraction of scalp and neck muscles could result in headache development. Other causes have been suggested; these were more serious than muscle dysfunction and would evidently require other medical interventions (Solomon, 1993). In the worldwide view, headache can be such a big health problem as evidenced by the establishment of the World Headache Alliance in 1997. The organization exists to alleviate the burden of headache worldwide, in particular, by sharing information among headache organizations and by increasing the awareness and understanding of headache as a public health concern with profound social and economic impact. Worldwide, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), migraine alone is 19th among all causes of years lived with disability (YLDs). Headache disorders impose recognizable burden...
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...mental and physical problems to the children. The parents don’t notice the stress symptoms that the children have. For example, headaches, sleeping difficulties, and eating disorder. Parents need to be available for the children to talk, make the children think that it is ok to talk about what they’re worried about. Moreover, survey indicated that women are more stressful than men. Especially mothers, they had to take care of the family and working at the same time. The purpose of the study is to determine stress rate among the children and adults, and compare it with the past year. The survey was conducted online which consist of 1,206 children age 8 to 17, and 1,568 adults who are the parents of those children. The method used is survey. Researchers ask a series of questions on Youth Query on the topic of stress. In the article, the survey methodology appears in paragraph 4, 5, the four bullets under “women still more stressed” and paragraph 2, 5 under “mile-high stress” (Munsey, 2010). These contents show the result of the survey by presenting the percentage and results of people who are under stress. This study finds out that most of the parents don’t know what their children are worrying about, for instance, only 13 percent of parents know that children’ headache is cause by stress while one third of the children claimed they had headache in the past month. Furthermore, the findings of stress for adults are also a problem. Women had reported that they are more...
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...sexual contact, saliva, blood contact, or anything else. Once being bit by a tick the person may see the red dot where they were bit plus a red circle around that which makes the spot look like a target. If the target appears, that means that the person has lyme disease but only about half of lyme disease patients have actually had the target. Most symptoms of lyme disease are like other diseases which makes lyme hard to diagnose because most doctors do not think of checking for it right away, they think of the other diseases first. The early symptoms include fatigue, muscle and joint stiffness, headache, and swollen lymph nodes which mostly resemble a viral infection. Without treatment in the early stages of lyme, the symptoms will grow worse as the lyme progresses into its next stage. Stage two of lyme disease causes heart and nerve damage to the body and the last stage adds brain damage and paralysis to the list. A person can die from lyme disease because it will slowly start shutting down your body if it isn’t treated. The only treatment available for lyme disease is antibiotics. The antibiotics, however, do cause stomach pain, nausea, and...
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...death of a man in his early 40’s from a subarachnoid haemorrhage. In the HC the learned trial judge found there to be no action in negligence. The case was appealed to the Supreme Court. The deceased first fell ill on the 20th February 1991 while at work on a building site. He visited the second named defendant in his surgery later that day, after his wife had made an appointment over the phone. She told Dr. O’Connor: “Jim has a very bad headache. He does not usually go to doctors. He must be very bad.” Dr. O’Connor diagnosed the deceased with an upper respiratory tract infection or, in other words, a head cold. On Saturday the 23rd Feb the pf rang Dr. O’Connor to confirm his diagnosis. She told him that she was concerned about her husband who would usually never stay in bed. She asked him to prescribe something for her husband. Dr. O’Connor said the viral flu would just have to take its course. On the 25th February the pf rang the def at 8 am saying ‘Jim is very bad’. The def came around almost immediately and took the view that his headaches were due to sinus congestion. On 5th March, during a conversation regarding another matter, the def was informed the deceased was no better. On 17th March the deceased, still no better, went to see Dr. O’Brien because Dr. O’Connor was not working. Dr O’Brien immediately made an arrangement with the hospital to admit the deceased for a CT scan on the 20th March. The senior house officer, Dr. Nur, examined Mr Collins. Dr Nur sent him home...
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...The second group was given a placebo treatment. The last group was given hypnosis for warts. In the study, the last group showed the best success rate. The study found that people who expected the warts to go away because of hypnosis actually had fewer warts later on. Hypnotherapy to remove warts works by changing the subconscious. When you expect the warts to go away, your body changes on a cellular level. Warts are extremely affected by blood flow. With hypnosis for warts, you change how your body works. Your mind is actually able to change how blood flows through the body. By doing this, you starve the wart from the blood it needs. When the wart stops getting blood, it quickly dies off. Hypnosis for warts can retrain your mind. Your brain redirects blood flow away from the warts. It sees the wart as an invader that needs to be starved of food. Once the mind redirects blood flow, the warts start to leave within just a few weeks. They cannot survive for long without blood, so they quickly wither...
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...Health Interview Renee Harris is a 51 year old African American female. She is 5ft 6in and weighs 188lbs. Her BMI is 30. In the last 24hrs her diet consisted of the following. For breakfast she had one nutrigrain bar and a cup of coffee. For lunch she had leftover spaghetti and meat sauce and a bag of sun chips. For dinner she had a Wendy’s hamburger and fries and a diet coke. Yesterday she had for breakfast a bagel with cream cheese for breakfast and two cups of coffee. For lunch she had a bbq chicken sandwich from a local deli and a pickle. For dinner she had a baked potato, 6oz sirloin steak and corn. Her daily caloric intake is around 2400 calories but would like to get it down to 1750 a day. She reports having hay-fever but no known allergies to medications or food. Her primary language is English. Her family composition is widowed. She has three children, all girls. She is also the Grandmother of two. She lives in a condo she rents with her 26 year old daughter. She has a family physician she’s been going to for over six years in Lone Tree, CO by the name of Dr. Baker. Her last exam was in October of this year. At the exam she discovered her hypertension and has been monitoring her blood pressure at home with a digital cuff. Currently she is employed full time at Comcast as a manager. She was diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis at 31. She has not had issues for almost ten years. She is currently not on any medications for it. This last summer...
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...Chronic headache patients are often referred by general medical practitioners to a specialized headache clinic for treatment. The Calgary Headache Assessment and Management Program (CHAMP) under Alberta Health Services is one such specialized clinic that offers workshops, lectures and education geared towards the headache patients [11]. CHAMP teaches headache patients all the necessary skills to manage their own headaches. In an introductory and mandatory headache education session by CHAMP, headache patients are introduced and encouraged to track headache data using a headache diary to understand patterns of their headaches [12]. Collecting and analyzing headache data is particularly useful for people with chronic headaches, whose headache attacks usually occur in response to unidentified triggers [30]. Usually, headache...
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...article that describes an epidemiological study conducted in Brazil. The study sought to find if there is a relation between headaches and temporomandibular disorders in persons of various ages. The research article entails the data collected and the reasoning of the study as a thorough review of the process. This analysis assesses if the research was thorough and if the data justifies the conclusions made by the researchers. The researchers are from the American Academy of Orofacial Pain. The article of discussion is called, Headache and Symptoms of Temporomandibular Disorder: An Epidemiological. Analysis of Research Article Headaches are a problem that people contend with on a regular basis. They are something that everyone has experienced throughout their life and can be a hindrance whether they are chronic daily headaches, migraines, or tension headaches. The reasoning of their presence is sought out by medical professions for various reasons. The relationships of headaches to other symptoms of the body are often examined, as headaches are a sign of a different complication within the body, such as tumors or infections. To understand the connections of a headache or even a migraine headache to other ailments in the body, are useful information as many things can be misdiagnosed or underdiagnosed. The persons experiencing the headaches seek answers. Sometimes they are led down the wrong path as being diagnosed with temporomandibular disorders. “Temporomandibular...
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...1st Semester Academic Probation Appeal Form and Letter *Return to Mrs. Bennett by January 6, 2012 Name ____________________________________ Grade__________________ Parent/Guardian Name(s) ___________________________________________ Parent/Guardian Phone Number(s) ____________________________________ Parent/Guardian Address ____________________________________________ Date Information Completed _____________________ 1. Complete the information regarding your classes below: Class | Teacher | Number of Absences | Number of Tardies | Current Grade in Class | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 2. Attach a typed/legible letter explaining your absences and provide information to the attendance committee on why you deserve to keep your credit. (See sample letter on the back.) Letter must be submitted with form by 01/06/2012. *Decisions regarding whether you will be denied or granted credit will be made by Friday, January 13, 2012. Sample Appeal Letter Dear Attendance Committee; I am writing this letter of appeal in response to my attendance this past semester. I am fully aware of the attendance policy set forth by the school and the district as well as the fact that it is state law. I also am aware that attendance in school is directly related to my success as a student and I take this responsibility seriously. My education is my responsibility and it is something...
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...Headaches are a nuisance and one that people always try to get rid of the moment it happens. Most resort to the normal relief options of ibuprofen, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, to neurologists and prescribed medication to help alleviate the pain presented from such headache. Sometimes though, people prefer not to take medication or the medication just doesn’t seem to work for them. For reasons as such, people turn to complementary and alternative medicine to ease the pain, specifically acupuncture therapy. For reasons not quite fully understood, this therapy helps to treat headaches in positive outcomes for the majority of people. Acupuncture therapy is an alternative to the normal standard form of treatment that can virtually have no side effects, is much less invasive, and has no need drugs that need to be metabolized by the body. Acupuncture: What You Need To Know. (2014, November 1). https://nccih.nih.gov/health/acupuncture/introduction#hed3 According to the National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, acupuncture is defined as a “technique in which practitioners stimulate specific points on the body—most often by inserting thin needles through the skin.” This Internet source article reviews what acupuncture is and what it can be used for in alternative medicine. For headache treatments, acupuncture may help relieve the pain from headaches and the amount of headaches one gets. In 2009, some studies were reviewed showing that...
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...Good Job Kandi. I enjoyed reading your post on migraines. I have suffered Migraines since having my first child 21 years ago. I have had all types of headaches Migraines are by far the worst. They are in fact genetic my mother, daughter, aunts and cousin also have them. My migraines triggers are perfumes, flashing lights, not eating and things of that nature but perfumes are the worst. I do not have the aura, so I never know until it hits and most of the time I end up in the emergency room having to get a shot to get rid of it. I have been prescribed medications but was allergic to the Imitrex and treximet and was unable to tolerate them. Jarvis recommends going into a dark room and lying down and getting sleep to get rid of the Migraine....
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... Migraine Stopper-Band 3 4. Clincal and Economic benefits 3 5. Pricing Model 4 6. Market Access and Expansion Strategies 4 7. References 5 Migraine and other benign recurrent headache disorders are a major public health problem.They are associated with substantial personal suffering, disabil- ity, and societal expense. 1 In the United States, a number of public health surveillance systems and pri- vately funded studies have collected information on the prevalence, impact, and treatment of headache and migraine. Disease Description and Unmet needs Migraine and other benign recurrent headaches are a major public health problem. They are associated with substantial personal suffering, disability and societal expense. Migraine is considered a chronic disorder with episodic attacks [1], with two major subtypes differentiated based on attack frequency. Episodic migraine is characterized by attacks that occur fewer than 15 days per month. Chronic migraine is broadly defined by the presence of migraine in a person with headaches on at least 15 days per month. Diagnosis of primary headache disorders is primarily based on the presence, frequency, and severity of clinical features used to create diagnostic boundaries. Diagnostic tests serve to exclude secondary causes of headache, and biological markers mainly serve to gain insight into mechanisms. Migraine affects roughly 12% of the adults in occidental countries.1,2 In US population studies, the prevalence of migraine...
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...Headaches, specifically migraines, are extremely common neurological conditions that affect complex processes within the nervous system, resulting in a number of symptoms that ultimately cause irritation and discomfort to an individual. Due to the complexity of the specific neurophysiological and neuroanatomical mechanisms involved in a migraine, the exact pathophysiology of the disorder is yet to be confirmed. However, scientific and technological advancements over the past decade, specifically in neuronal brain imaging, have enabled experts to research further into the underlying biological mechanisms involved. Theories behind the disordered physiological processes associated with migraines will be examined, exploring various hypotheses regarding...
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...Americans suffer from chronic migraines. Migraine headaches are much greater in severity and length then 'normal' headaches. The last decade has begun shed light on the debilitating effect that this disability has on its victims. Migraine sufferers now have hundreds of medications to try and get their pain under control (Sammons, 2005). Fortunately, most of the preventative migraine medication is relatively cheap (e.g., beta-blockers, SSRIs). Unfortunately, however, an estimated 20% of chronic migraine individuals are on an effective treatment plan. Many people have learned to live with their disability and do not seek relief after a single unsuccessful attempt...
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