...art&scienceresearch methods nursing standard: clinical · research · education Use of constant comparative analysis in qualitative research Hewitt-Taylor J (2001) Use of constant comparative analysis in qualitative research. Nursing Standard. 15, 42, 39-42. Date of acceptance: March 19 2001. Summary This article describes the application of constant comparative analysis, which is one method that can be used to analyse qualitative data. The need for data analysis to be congruent with the overall research design is highlighted. T HE AIM OF qualitative research is to portray the reality of the area under investigation, and to enhance understanding of the situation and the meanings and values attributed to this by individuals; it does not involve the quantification of facts (Rose 1994). Qualitative methods emphasise the value of individual experiences and views, as encountered in real-life situations. This type of investigation is often useful in nursing, as many issues concern the quality of the lived experience of individuals, which cannot be reduced to numerical values using statistical analysis. Sometimes a mixed methodology might be adopted, with elements of qualitative and quantitative enquiry being included in a study. The nature of qualitative enquiry means that volumes of ‘rich’, ‘deep’ data are produced, often from a variety of sources. While not seeking to reduce data to statistical evidence, qualitative data nevertheless requires systematic...
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...Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing, Finding Our Core: The Therapeutic Relationship in 21st Century Advanced ORIGINAL 4 42 June © Blackwell 0031-5990 Publishing Perspectives in Psychiatric PPC 2006 Practice PMH2006 Malden, USAARTICLE Care Blackwell Publishing Inc Nursing: Finding Our Core Suzanne Perraud, RN, PhD, Kathleen R. Delaney, RN, DNSc, Linnea Carlson-Sabelli, PhD, APRN, BC, Mary E. Johnson, RN, PhD, Rebekah Shephard, MS, APRN, and Olimpia Paun, APRN, BC, PhD TOPIC. Increasingly, students from various professional backgrounds are enrolling in Psychiatric Mental Health (PMH) Nursing graduate programs, especially at the post-master’s level. Faculty must educate these students to provide increasingly complex care while socializing them as PMH advanced practitioners. PURPOSE. To present how one online program is addressing these issues by reasserting the centrality of the relationship and by assuring it has at least equal footing with the application of a burgeoning knowledge base of neurobiology of mental illness. SOURCES. Published literature from nursing and psychology. CONCLUSIONS. The PMH graduate faculty believes that they have developed strategies to meet this challenge and to help build a PMH workforce that will maintain the centrality of the relationship in PMH practice. Search terms: Nurse–patient relations, psychiatric nursing, empathy, therapeutic relationship, education, nursing, graduate Perspectives...
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...situations. In the first situation I describe the application of two ethical principles in relation to access to healthcare at a hospital. The next situation deals with the moral issues raised by mandating the use of ultrasound technology. Here I explain which ethical principles are used to justify this practice, and which ones are violated by this practice. In the last situation, I describe an ethical dilemma I was personally faced with and the ethical principles I used to resolve it. 1. Access to HealthCare The Principle of Utilitarianism Utilitarianism is the moral theory that says the rightness of an action is determined by its contribution to the greatest good for the greatest number. This theory argues against specific actions that would benefit an individual in favor of actions that serve to benefit society overall. Using this theory as a principle for making healthcare decisions, the objective becomes to maximize the health of the population served, which is in conflict with the widely held objective to maximize the care to every individual patient. For example, when having to choose between offering a program that benefits one thousand patients every year verses a program that benefits only five patients a year, the program that benefits the thousand patients will be chosen, even if the costs are higher. Organizational Consequences of Utilitarianism The principle of Utilitarianism is important to...
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...Central Oregon Community College Nursing Program NUR 206 Fall As Provider of Care Nursing Care of Clients with Mental Illness MENTAL HEALTH BOOK REPORT PROJECT Authors over the centuries have given us vivid descriptions of the workings of human minds. Some of the most impressive descriptions of the struggles of people with a mental illness are recorded in the works of writers who either struggle with mental illness themselves, or have grown up in homes dominated by the waxing and waning of mental illness. Others simply employ their skills to articulately portray the emotional and psychological anguish and insights associated with mental illness. For this project you are to read a nonfiction book with a mental health theme, with a biography or autobiography of someone with a mental illness, or family members dealing with the mental illness of those they love. As you read the book, make assessment notes: 1. How does the mental illness play out in the life of the character? The Reimer's were married in 1964. Not long after they married Janet gave birth to two healthy twin boys whom they named Brian and Bruce. It would be only eight short months following the joyous arrival of the boys that the Reimer's would encounter the most difficult of circumstances that any parents could ever face. When Mrs. Reimer noticed that the boys seemed to be having difficulty urinating she became concerned. After speaking to the family doctor, Janet was urged to take the twins...
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...Professional Presence & Influence Ashley A. Lewis Western Governors University Florence Nightingale, considered the founder of modern nursing, first began to establish nursing as a profession during the Crimean War. Since then, nursing theorists have continued to expand on the thought that patients are made up of more than just the symptoms they present with, Abraham Maslow, Carl Jung, Dr. Larry Dossey and Dorothy Johnson, but none more so than Jean Watson. She developed a theory of human caring that contained several core concepts, these concepts lay forth the ground work for how we, as nurses, should care for a patient. These concepts included transpersonal caring relationships (going beyond ego to higher “spiritual” caring created by caring moments), multiple ways of knowing (science, art, spiritual, etc) and a reflective/meditative approach to caring (Watson, 2010). As nurses it is our responsibility to elevate ourselves above simply what is seen by our eyes, to a level that we feel in our souls. Once we transcend to the level of deeply understanding our soul, we can fully give to our patients the type of holistic patient care that they both need and deserve. Dr. Larry Dossey is an internationally recognized physician known for advocating the role of the mind in health and the role of spirituality in healthcare (Dossey, n.d.). Dr. Dossey has designated the history of medicine in to three separate eras. The first era beginning in the 1860’s, is referred to as...
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...Traverse City State Hospital Known for its architecture is The Traverse City State Hospital. Built in 1885, in Northern Michigan, this breathtaking property now stands today “as mute witness to a therapeutic movement that once flourished in the United States”. The hospital’s original theme was "beauty is therapy." This mental institution was part of Michigan's mental health department, which had other institutions at places including Kalamazoo, Pontiac, Newberry, Northville, Caro, and other cities. The hospitals first superintendent, Dr. James Decker Munson, felt that if people were surrounded by beauty and tranquility, a lot of their mental problems would cease to exist. The use of straightjackets wasn’t even allowed. Also, as part of the “work is therapy” philosophy, the asylum provided opportunities for patients to gain a sense of purpose through farming, furniture construction, fruit canning, and other trades that kept the institution fully self-sufficient. The asylum also produced its own electricity and heat. Dr. James Decker Munson believed that mental asylums should be for the treatment of the patients, not just for storing the mentally ill. It was this belief that led the way for the natural environment of care he created for his patients, and originated the idea of therapeutic work for the mentally ill, who worked on the hospital farm. In 1881, the state chose Traverse City as the site for the Northern Michigan Asylum, where Dr. Munson was selected as...
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...Family of Diversity Cultural Assessment Kristal T. Abstract The family discussed in this paper is of German/Islamic ethnicity. They are a multigenerational family living under one roof, and making the best of what they have. Living in the household is the mother (HW), the father (AW), paternal grandmother (JW), and two children (EW & RW). The mother has some issues that she is working through from her upbringing, and the father is somewhat distant. One of the children has a severe illness that dictates how everyone lives. Both the mother and father suffer from depression, and they feel that this affects their quality time with the children. The mother was extremely open in discussing her family, while both the father and mother in-law were more distant. Both of the parents work, and leave the upbringing of the children to the paternal grandmother. Overall the W Family is pretty Americanized, with only small parts of their culture coming up in daily life. Family of Diversity Cultural Assessment Family Description The family discussed in this paper is a multigenerational family. Included in the household is the father (AW), age 37, mother (HW), age 32, paternal grandmother, (JW), age 69, and two children (EW, RW), whose ages are 6 and 4 respectively. Both AW and HW are the biological parents to the children, with this being their only marriage. HW is a 1st generation immigrant with her parents emigrating from Tehran, Iran to England, and then to America...
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...Internship with the Developmentally Disabled Zachary Lumpkin Liberty University Abstract The object of this paper is to give the reader an idea of what it is like to work for an agency that houses, educates and reintegrates developmentally disabled and mentally retarded adults. The research and development of the paper was done over the course of a fourteen-week internship by a student seeking a Bachelor of Science in Psychology. It will delve in depth into the behaviors that the intern observed during his internship. It will connect those behaviors to theory. It will explain and educate as to the benefits of doing such work under the supervision and tutelage of trained experts. It will also recommend to anyone interested in getting into the field ways to be successful and get the most out of the time they spend and lastly it will chronicle the personal growth that the author experienced during his internship. As stated in the abstract, the internship chronicled in this paper was done over a 14-week period at an agency that houses and educates developmentally disabled and mentally retarded adults with psychological disorders. Though most of the information in this paper was gathered over the 14-week period previously mentioned, the author has been employed with the agency for close to three years and has gathered even more information during this three-year tenure with the agency. The agency has in the neighborhood of sixty-five clients and has been open for over forty...
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...NAME NG Ka Yan DEGREE BA (Hons) Human Resource Management TUTOR Adam Wong TITLE Investigate the on-going problem of the high turnover rate in the Hong Kong nursing industry DATE 13 April 2012 CAMPUS Hong Kong Polytechnic University STUDENT No: 11001223B0 Project submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the BA (HONS) BUSINESS MANAGEMENT of Northumbria University DECLARATIONS I declare the following: (1) that the material contained in this Project is the end result of my own work and that due acknowledgement has been given in the bibliography and references to ALL sources be they printed, electronic or personal. (2) the Word Count of this Project is: Section A: 3997 Section B: 4994 Reflective Statement: 525 Total Word Count: 9516 (3) that unless this Project has been confirmed as confidential, I agree to an entire electronic copy or sections of the Project to being placed on Blackboard, if deemed appropriate , to allow future students the opportunity to see examples of past Projects. I understand that if displayed on Blackboard it would be made available for no longer than five years and that student would be able to print off copies or download. The authorship would remain anonymous. (4) I agree to my Project being submitted to a plagiarism detection service, where it will be stored in a database and compared against work submitted from this or any other School or from other institutions using the service...
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...HIV/AIDS AWARENESS AND ATTITUDES OF STANDARD EIGHT PUPILS IN MATHIRA EAST CONSTITUENCY: A CASE STUDY OF RAGATI, KARURA, KIRIGU AND D.E.B PRIMARY SCHOOL PUPILS PRESENTED BY: GRACE MUNGA EDU/DECD/5018/09 A RESEARCH PROPOSAL SUBMITTED TO KARATINA UNIVERSITY IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF A DIPLOMA IN EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION (ECDE) May-August 2011 Supervisor: SW Macharia DECLARATION I, Grace Munga, ADM NO. EDU/DECD/5018/09 declare that this proposal is my own original work and has not been presented for a degree in any college or university. ______________________________ Date_____________________ GRACE MUNGA ADM NO. EDU/DECD/5018/09 This research proposal has been submitted for the examination with my approval as the supervisor. ___________________________ Date ______________________ Sw Macharia Dedication I dedicate this research project to my family, especially my mom and dad who offered me great emotional and financial support while I was carrying out the study. Acknowledgement I would like to acknowledge the standard eight pupils who took part in this research study and willingly answered the research questions that I asked them. Also the school heads for allowing their students to be part of this research. Without their participation, this study would not have been successful. I also acknowledge my lecturer Mr. Macharia for offering academic guidance and corrections when I was carrying out the study. ...
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...Foster Care in the United States Sue King Liberty University Abstract The history of foster care in the United States started with orphan trains and the Children’s Aid Society founded by Charles Loring Brace. Recent research describes the child welfare system as an organization that provides service to helpless children in need. This paper will discuss foster care as it is relates to safety, permanency, and wellbeing of children in need The role of a foster parent and the process of loss, and grief after a child leave their biological parents will be discussed. Research suggests that Courts has the final decision whether a child will stay in foster care or return home. This paper will describe the developmental impact that foster care has on children after losing their biological family. There are several risk factors associated with poverty. This paper will discuss the significance of children reuniting with their biological parents and/or being adopted for permanency. Empirical evidence from recent research confirmed that hard times during childhood was related to health problems later in life. Foster care reform, educational outcomes, economic incentives for adoption, mentors and home visitation programs should be implemented to improve the foster care system. Keywords: foster care, developmental, health problems, orphan trains Foster Care in the United States The prevalence rate is high for foster care in the United States. The history...
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...HOUSTON, TEXAS 78234 NURSING FUNDAMENTALS I SUBCOURSE MD0905 EDITION 100 TABLE OF CONTENTS Lesson Paragraphs INTRODUCTION UNIVERSAL BODY SUBSTANCE PRECAUTIONS 1 2 PATIENT RELATIONS Section I. Basic Human Needs and Principles of Health Section II. Communication Skills Section III. Reaction to Stress and Hospitalization Section IV. Transcultural Factors Influencing Nursing Care Exercises THE ADULT PATIENT CARE UNIT Exercises 3 BODY MECHANICS Section I. Techniques of Body Mechanics Section II. Positioning and Ambulating the Adult Patient Exercises ACTIVE AND PASSIVE RANGE OF MOTION EXERCISES Exercises 2-1--2-7 ADVANCED PRINCIPLES OF PATIENT HYGIENE Exercises 4 1-1--1-9 1-10--1-20 1-21--1-26 1-27--1-31 5 6 ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH AND THE PRACTICAL NURSE Exercises MD0905 i 3-1--3-15 . . 4-1--4-7 4-8--4-21 5-1--5-9 6-1--6-5 CORRESPONDENCE COURSE OF THE U.S. ARMY MEDICAL DEPARTMENT CENTER AND SCHOOL SUBCOURSE MED905 NURSING FUNDAMENTALS I INTRODUCTION Never before has there been a greater need for nurses. Never before has health care delivery challenged the nurse's commitment, knowledge, or technical competence more. Issues influencing current health-care delivery focus on promoting wellness, preventing illness, and rehabilitation to increase the patient's independence. This subcourse will present theory and concepts the person beginning the study of nursing will need to know in order...
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...working in female dominated occupations, and finds that there exists a glass escalator for men working in these jobs. First, although Williams acknowledges that the proportion of men and women in the labor force is approaching parity, there still exists significant job segregation relating to gender. Both men and women are relegated to single sex occupations, meaning that they work in jobs that society deems more appropriate for men and women. What Williams does in this paper is different from other studies because rather than focusing on women in male dominated occupations and the barriers they face, she studies the underrepresentation of males in predominantly “female” occupations. She examines four typically female dominated occupations: nursing, librarianship, elementary school teaching and social work, and studies the implications of men working in female occupations. From these studies, she finds that unlike females in male dominated jobs, men do not face any discrimination and are in fact promoted and move up the ladder at a much faster pace than women. As one employee put it, there is a preference for men in these female occupations. Williams found that the more female dominated the job or specialty was, the greater the preference for men. The glass escalator refers to the fact that men in female dominated occupations are almost always rapidly promoted to higher positions and advance in these careers with ease and little struggle, in strike contrast to what women experience...
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...Transforming Lives Communities The Nation …One Student at a Time Disclaimer Academic programmes, requirements, courses, tuition, and fee schedules listed in this catalogue are subject to change at any time at the discretion of the Management and Board of Trustees of the College of Science, Technology and Applied Arts of Trinidad and Tobago (COSTAATT). The COSTAATT Catalogue is the authoritative source for information on the College’s policies, programmes and services. Programme information in this catalogue is effective from September 2010. Students who commenced studies at the College prior to this date, are to be guided by programme requirements as stipulated by the relevant department. Updates on the schedule of classes and changes in academic policies, degree requirements, fees, new course offerings, and other information will be issued by the Office of the Registrar. Students are advised to consult with their departmental academic advisors at least once per semester, regarding their course of study. The policies, rules and regulations of the College are informed by the laws of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago. iii Table of Contents PG 9 PG 9 PG 10 PG 11 PG 11 PG 12 PG 12 PG 13 PG 14 PG 14 PG 14 PG 14 PG 15 PG 17 PG 18 PG 20 PG 20 PG 20 PG 21 PG 22 PG 22 PG 22 PG 23 PG 23 PG 23 PG 23 PG 24 PG 24 PG 24 PG 24 PG 25 PG 25 PG 25 PG 26 PG 26 PG 26 PG 26 PG 26 PG 26 PG 27 PG 27 PG 27 PG 27 PG 27 PG 27 PG 28 PG 28 PG 28 PG 28 PG 28 PG 33 PG 37 Vision Mission President’s...
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...How to Guide for REFLECTION ------------------------------------------------------------- How to Guide for REFLECTION The National Service-Learning Cooperative ServeAmerica K-12 Clearinghouse Pennsylvania Institute for Environmental and Community Service Learning Northeast Regional Technical Assistance Center Compiled by Lorraine Parrillo Cooperative/Clearinghouse Coordinator Northeast Regional Technical Assistance Center December 5, 1994 Used with their permission INTRODUCTION This module includes a summary of materials currently used to support reflection in the service learning movement. Crucial information presented includes: 1. Introductory materials on Reflection by Diane Hedin and Dan Conrad 2. Reflective teaching techniques using eleven different forms of reflection rather than just using journals and asking how participants feel about service 3. Basic critical thinking skills that may be used in reflection sessions 4. Bibliography Reflection Reflective learning techniques are not the lone providence of service activities. All thinking and dialogue requires some form of reflection if learning is to take place. Individuals need time and reconsideration of events to put facts and ideas into sequence and eventually into a better understanding as to what happened during a specific event. Everyone in their life-time will be required to repeat this process endlessly. Nevertheless, schools do little...
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