...who were subjected the state’s forced sterilization program. Ninety years after the legalization of forced sterilization in the United States and forty-one years after the first lawsuit was brought by sterilized North Carolinian Nial Ramirez, it would seem as though the country is now ready to do penance in financial terms for its past actions via reparations to Mrs. Ramirez and others. (Burns, 2014) The purpose of this paper is to examine the concept of eugenics, specifically to view it through lens of beneficence, to try and view the issue from the points of view of all involved, and finally to explore some future implications about the nature of beneficence from this episode in the history of American health-care. Eugenics is the study of ways to influence (usually to improve) a population by selective breeding. ("Mosby’s Dictionary," 2009) The idea of influencing the quality of animal populations has existed since the beginning of domestication by humans, but the idea of subjecting the human race to systematic selective breeding is a more recent phenomenon. Western thought about the nature of living creatures until the 19th century had been shaped by Judeo-Christian traditions in which a creator god made and sustained all the diversity of life, and further had created mankind in his own image. The idea of tampering with the god of monotheism’s creation, especially with human life was abhorrent to most in society. In 1859, Charles Darwin published On the Origin of...
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...Outline + References Sociology 210 Research Paper Draft Conflict Theory and the Evolution of Eugenics in America during the 20th Century. I intend to present a purely informative paper on the sociological perspective of eugenics during the past century in the United States through Conflict Theory. A linear history of causality, implementation, and significance. 1. Conflict Theory Perspective a. Margaret Sanger b. Plato’s Republic c. Negative Eugenics d. Sterilization e. Planned Parenthood Federation of America f. Legislation g. Economic Implications Early 1900’s American political movement under Margaret Sanger 1. advocate the control over individual rights to reproduction 2. purpose of societal advantage 3. rights governed by the state and supported by a public majority 4. originally designed as a method of public oppression and controlled persecution. 5. Sanger an outspoken advocate for Eugenics a. racial dominance, class restraint, and a member of the American Eugenic Political Party, opened a family planning and birth control clinic. 6. Established first Abortion Clinics in NY b. On October 16, 1916, a member of the Eugenic party movement opened a then privately funded business, now partly funded by the public, in New York City. 7. clinic’s policy on providing pregnancy termination to the impoverished and uneducated. 8. The Birth Control Review and Birth Control...
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...Part 1 Dissatisfying Service incident 2 * Circumstances Leading to the Incident 2 * What Occurred During the Incident 2 * What made the Incident dissatisfying 3 * What could or should have been done differently 3 Part 2 Critical Incident Analysis 4 * The customer gap 4 * Type of encounters that occurred 4 * Source of displeasure/pleasure 4 * Dimensions of the servqual scale 5 * Reliability 5 * Responsiveness 5 * Assurance 5 * Empathy 6 Provider gap 1 The listening gap 6 * Inadequate service recovery 6 Provider gap 2 Service designs & standard gap 6 * Poor service design 6 Provider gap 4 The communication gap 7 * Ineffective management of customer expectations 7 * Inappropriate pricing 7 Part 3 Recommendations to the service provider 8 * Recommendation for Provider gap 1 8 * Recommendation for Provider gap 2 9 * Recommendation for Provider gap 4 9 * Conclusion 10 References 11 Critical Incident Report Part 1. Critical Incident Description: Service incident description * Name of firm/Organisation: EBay * Type of service: E-commerce * Date and time: 2/4/12, approximately 15.30 Circumstances Leading to the Incident I started selling products on EBay store and it was really successful, so I decided to start a second store to sell electronic...
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...Abstract Social Darwinism is a political theory that emphasizes struggle and competition, and claims that human racial stock improves by allowing ruthless and unrestrained competition in the economic realm. Social Darwinism apples the concepts of biological evolution to social and moral development by stating that it is social evolution through the "survival of the fittest" in a struggle for an existence in which the strong prevail and the weak are defeated. Currently, we use the terms of Darwinism, natural selection, and evolution interchangeably and use them to describe a process which uses random variations, and mutations are preserved through a process of natural competition that favors beneficial changes. A History and Understanding of Social Darwinism The term Darwinism may cause confusion in some people because they confuse Darwinism, the scientific theory, with Social Darwinism, the ethical theory. In truth, except for the name and a few basic principles, the two ideas do not have much in common and has very little to do with Charles Darwin, the English naturalist who famously suggested the scientific theory which states that a branching pattern of evolution resulted from a process he called natural selection. Social Darwinism is a term that started near the end of the nineteenth century and describes a set of social policies and theories designed to reduce the power of government with theories that attempt to explain the biological cause of human behavior. For the...
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...PART A 1.0 ELEMENTS OF THE MARKETING MIX 1.0.1 PRODUCT Subway offered a menu with wide variety meal and better quality fresh product such as pasta, salad, desserts, soup, the chain's flagship sandwich which is the classic BMT, the 7 under 6 menu which featuring seven submarine sandwiches with 6 grams of fat or less, fresh veggies which already boasts lettuce, tomato, red onion and green peppers (Subway, 2012). Subway also brings in a line of new crab-controlled wraps in 2004 and the product itself has only 5grams Net Crabs. Moreover, in the year 2005, a new menu has been added to Subway’s menu that is a delicious fresh toasted sub and the menu still in consumer demand until now. 1.0.2 PRICING The potential element of marketing mix is the price of the company offered because it is direct impact on the company, consumer and economy as well. Subway uses a little higher of upscale pricing than normal subs in the market. Subway offers different pricing strategy with value pricing. But create value products by service in terms of quality. 1.0.3 PLACE This is concerned with activities needed to move the product or service from the seller to the buyer (Lancaster & Reynolds, 2003). Subway use nontraditional places such as supermarkets, airports, convention centers and business center and also another new market development as their major selling location as a franchise. People who in any kind of Subway sales point are on hand to ensure customer’s demands are coordinated...
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...world. Entrepreneurship plays a key role in this economic development. Yet to date, little is known about entrepreneurship in emerging economies. This introductory article to the special issue on entrepreneurship in emerging economies examines the literature that exists to date in this important domain. It then reviews the research that was generated as part of this special issue on this topic. The article concludes with a discussion of the critical future research needs in this area. Introduction The quantity and quality of entrepreneurship research has increased dramatically over the last 15 years. Today, entrepreneurship research is some of the most widely cited in the management discipline, with leading journals dedicated to its study and well-recognized conferences supporting its development. The methods employed and the theory foundations used in entrepreneurship today are consistent with mainstream management research. However, entrepreneurship research can still be critiqued as almost exclusively focused on North American and European research sites. The exploration of domains outside of these two developed economic regions remains extremely limited. In particular, little is known of entrepreneurship in emerging economies: economies that are increasingly moving to market orientation and seeking to rapidly advance economically. To illustrate, several East Asian economies with large ethnic Chinese populations are considered emerging. These...
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...John Wiley & Sons, Inc. David L. Kurtz University of Arkansas Louis E. Boone University of South Alabama BUSINESS 14TH EDITION Contemporary . . . at the speed of business “The 14th edition of Contemporary Business is dedicated to Joseph S. Heider, who brought me to John Wiley & Sons. Thank you, Joe.” —Dave Vice President & Executive Publisher Acquisitions Editor Assistant Editor Production Manager Senior Production Editor Marketing Manager Creative Director Senior Designer Text Designer Cover Designer Production Management Services Senior Illustration Editor Photo Editor Photo Researcher Senior Editorial Assistant Executive Media Editor Media Editor George Hoffman Franny Kelly Maria Guarascio Dorothy Sinclair Valerie A. Vargas Karolina Zarychta Harry Nolan Madelyn Lesure 4 Design Group Wendy Lai Elm Street Publishing Services Anna Melhorn Hilary Newman Teri Stratford Emily McGee Allison Morris Elena Santa Maria This book was set in Janson TextLTStd-Roman 10/13 by MPS Limited, a Macmillan Company, Chennai, India and printed and bound by R. R. Donnelley & Sons. The cover was printed by R. R. Donnelley & Sons. This book is printed on acid free paper. ∞ Founded in 1807, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. has been a valued source of knowledge and understanding for more than 200 years, helping people around the world meet their needs and fulfill their aspirations. Our company is built on a foundation of principles that include responsibility to the communities we serve and where we live...
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...M A G A Z I N E FA L L 2 0 0 2 Volume 20 Number 2 SPANNING THE GLOBE Duke Leads the Way in International Law Teaching and Scholarship inside plus Duke admits smaller, exceptionally well-qualified class Duke’s Global Capital Markets Center to launch new Directors’ Education Institute from the dean Dear Alumni and Friends, It is not possible, these days, for a top law school to be anything other than an international one. At Duke Law, we no longer think of “international” as a separate category. Virtually everything we do has some international dimension, whether it concerns international treaties and protocols, commercial transactions across national borders, international child custody disputes, criminal behavior that violates international human rights law, international sports competitions, global environmental regulation, international terrorism, or any number of other topics. And, of course, there is little that we do at Duke that does not involve scholars and students from other countries, who are entirely integrated with U.S. scholars and students. Students enrolled in our joint JD/LLM program in international and comparative law receive an in-depth education in both the public and private aspects of international and comparative law, enriched by the ubiquitous presence of foreign students; likewise, the foreign lawyers who enroll in our one-year LLM program in American law enroll in the same courses, attend the same conferences...
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...M A G A Z I N E FA L L 2 0 0 2 Volume 20 Number 2 SPANNING THE GLOBE Duke Leads the Way in International Law Teaching and Scholarship inside plus Duke admits smaller, exceptionally well-qualified class Duke’s Global Capital Markets Center to launch new Directors’ Education Institute from the dean Dear Alumni and Friends, It is not possible, these days, for a top law school to be anything other than an international one. At Duke Law, we no longer think of “international” as a separate category. Virtually everything we do has some international dimension, whether it concerns international treaties and protocols, commercial transactions across national borders, international child custody disputes, criminal behavior that violates international human rights law, international sports competitions, global environmental regulation, international terrorism, or any number of other topics. And, of course, there is little that we do at Duke that does not involve scholars and students from other countries, who are entirely integrated with U.S. scholars and students. Students enrolled in our joint JD/LLM program in international and comparative law receive an in-depth education in both the public and private aspects of international and comparative law, enriched by the ubiquitous presence of foreign students; likewise, the foreign lawyers who enroll in our one-year LLM program in American law enroll in the same courses, attend the same conferences...
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...THE B L A C K SWAN The HIGHLY I mpact IM of the PROBABLE Nassim Nicholas Taleb U.S.A. $26.95 Canada $34.95 is a highly improbable event with three principal characteristics: It is unpre dictable; it carries a massive impact; and, after the fact, we concoct an explanation that makes it appear less random, and more predictable, than it was. The astonishing success of Google was a black swan; so was 9 / 1 1 . For Nassim Nicholas Taleb, black swans underlie almost everything about our world, from the rise of religions to events in our own personal lives. A BLACK SWAN Why do we not acknowledge the phenomenon of black swans until after they occur? Part of the answer, according to Taleb, is that humans are hardwired to learn specifics when they should be focused on generalities. We concentrate on things we already know and time and time again fail to take into consideration what we don't know. We are, therefore, unable to truly estimate oppor tunities, too vulnerable to the impulse to simplify, narrate, and categorize, and not open enough to rewarding those who can imagine the "impossible." For years, Taleb has studied how we fool our selves into thinking we know more than we actually do. We restrict our thinking to the irrelevant and inconsequential, while large events continue to surprise us and shape our world. Now, in this reve latory book, Taleb explains everything we know about what we don't know. He offers...
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...the Research and Resources team for further information about other EOC research reports, or visit our website: Research and Resources Equal Opportunities Commission Arndale House Arndale Centre Manchester M4 3EQ Email: research@eoc.org.uk Telephone: 0161 838 8340 Website: www.eoc.org.uk/research You can download a copy of this report as a PDF from our website, or call our Helpline to order a copy: Website: Email: Helpline: www.eoc.org.uk/research info@eoc.org.uk 0845 601 5901 (calls charged at local rates) Interpreting service available for callers to the Helpline Typetalk service available: 18001 0845 601 5901 CONTENTS TABLES AND FIGURES Page iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS iv EXECUTIVE SUMMARY v 1 INTRODUCTION 1 2 SEXUAL HARASSMENT AND BULLYING 5 2.1 Relationship between sexual harassment and workplace bullying 5 2.2 Power and 'organisational violation' 6...
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...The Launching of Mozilla Firefox- A Case Study in Community-Led Marketingi Sandeep Krishnamurthy Associate Professor of E-Commerce and Marketing Business Administration Program University of Washington, Bothell Box 358533, 18115 Campus Way NE, Room UW1-233 Bothell, WA 98011-8246 Phone: (425) 352 5229 Fax: (425) 352 5277 E-mail: sandeep@u.washington.edu URL: http://faculty.washington.edu/sandeep Version 1.0 January 27, 2005 Usage Policy 1This is an early draft of the paper. I expect to revise it many times and submit it to an academic journal for publication at a later date. Your input is welcome. You are welcome to use the document in its current form for teaching or research purposes. If you use it in your classroom, e-mail me about how this was received and tell me how I can improve it. Always cite the original document when using. You may cite it asKrishnamurthy, Sandeep (2005), “The Launching of Mozilla Firefox- A Case Study in Community-Led Marketing”, Working Paper, Available at http://opensource.mit.edu/papers/sandeep2.pdf. 4If you notice any errors or omissions in this document or if you have other suggestions for improvement or collaboration, e-mail me at sandeep@u.washington.edu. 2- 3- 2 The Launching of Mozilla Firefox- A Case Study in Community-Led Marketing ABSTRACT Mozilla Firefox is a Free/Libre/Open Source (FLOSS) browser supported by the Mozilla Foundation. This browser was recently released and has met with considerable success- it has...
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...debate. Please contact the Research and Resources team for further information about other EOC research reports, or visit our website: Research and Resources Equal Opportunities Commission Arndale House Arndale Centre Manchester M4 3EQ Email: research@eoc.org.uk Telephone: 0161 838 8340 Website: www.eoc.org.uk/research You can download a copy of this report as a PDF from our website, or call our Helpline to order a copy: Website: Email: Helpline: www.eoc.org.uk/research info@eoc.org.uk 0845 601 5901 (calls charged at local rates) Interpreting service available for callers to the Helpline Typetalk service available: 18001 0845 601 5901 CONTENTS TABLES AND FIGURES ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1 2 INTRODUCTION Page iii iv v 1 SEXUAL HARASSMENT AND BULLYING 5 2.1 Relationship between sexual harassment and workplace bullying 5 2.2 Power and 'organisational violation' 6 2.3 Forms of sexual harassment 8 2.4 How big a problem is sexual harassment in...
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...Click Here For Current Affair News For UPSC,IAS,SSC, Govt. Exams http://upscportal.com/civilservices/current-affairs Free Guide for SSC General Knowledge TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. History of India and The World 2. Indian Polity and Governance 3. Geography of India and The World 4. Economy 5. General Science 6. Organisations 7. General Knowledge HISTORY OF INDIA AND THE WORLD GOVERNOR-GENERALS OF INDIA (1833–58) Lord W. Bentick (1833–35): First Governor-General of India. Macaulay’s minutes on education were accepted declaring that English should be the official language of India; Abolished provincial courts of appeal and circuit set up by Cornwallis, appointment of Commissioners of revenue and circuit. • Wars: Annexed Coorg (1834), Central Cachar (1834) on the plea of misgovernment. Sir Charles Metcalfe (1835–1836): Passed the famous Press Law, which liberated the press in India (called Liberator the Press). Lord Auckland (1836–42): 1st Anglo-Afghan War (1836–42)—great blow to the prestige of the British in India. Lord Ellenborough (1842–44): Brought an end to the Afghan War. Annexation of Sindh (1843); War with Gwalior (1843). Lord Hardings I (1844–48): 1st Anglo-Sikh war (1845–46) and the Treaty of Lahore 1846 (marked the end of Sikh sovereighty in India); Gave preference to English education in employment. Lord Dalhousie (1848–56): Abolished Titles and Pensions, Widow Remarriage Act (1856). Made Shimla the summer capital. • Administrative Reforms:...
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...transition from a mature life-cycle stage to a decline stage with higher systematic risk, as maintained by the Maturity Hypothesis. Keywords: Dividend; Signaling; Overinvestment; Life-Cycle. JEL Classification Numbers: G14, G35. ∗ I would like to thank Albert Sheen for his constant support and excellent insights. I would also like to thank Antonio Bernardo, my mentor over the years, and Mark Garmaise and Walter Torous for their helpful comments. All errors are mine. 1 1 Introduction The impact of dividend change announcements on stock prices has been widely documented. Petit (1972) and many others afterwards show on average a positive correlation between dividend changes and short term abnormal returns. In a recent study, Grullon, Michaely, and Swaminathan (2002) show a 3-day cumulative abnormal return of 1.34% for dividend increases and of -3.71% for dividend decreases. What is more...
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