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Substitution and income effect has a big role in today society. I will examine how substitution and income affects the gasoline prices. If a person spend $120 for gasoline each month, 4 weeks. Assuming that there has been a price increase of 100% during summer. The cost for gasoline in the next 3 months would be $240 per month if the drive of the sale would stay the same. For the entire summer, 12 weeks the gasoline price will be $720. The average cars usually get 30 miles per gallon of gasoline. During the summer months the cost of gasoline is $6.00 per gallon compare to spring $3.00 per gallon.
Thomas and Maurice state that “when the price of a good increases, consumers are worse off” and in this instance, the increase in gasoline prices makes it necessary to adjust the monthly budget (2011 p. 186-187). There are several ways to estimate substitution effect or income effect for affordable gasoline. There will be sacrifices that will have to be made and budgeting accordingly.
One of the options the author can choose is not driving so much during the summer months. By doing this the author can save money. This option would be considered income effect or “ the change in the consumption of a good resulting strictly from a change in purchasing power after the price of good changes” (p. 188). For example, the author normally drives to work, 50 miles a day 5 days a week, to the store 5 miles 2 days a week, and into town to spend time with friends 40 miles 3 times a week. Cut backs can be made by car pooling and meeting friends closer to home and thus cutting distance by 20 percent. (Appendix A1 would show the graphing part) shows this effect.
The substitution effect can be seen if the author chooses to eat out less during the summer to be able to afford gasoline. The substitution effect is “the change in consumption of a good that would result if the consumer remained

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