Higher Nationals

LEVEL

Acc

QrCdFed e it
Issue 4 July 2011

Edexcel, a Pearson company, is the UK’s largest awarding body, offering academic and vocational qualifications and testing to more than 25,000 schools, colleges, employers and other places of learning in the UK and in over 100 countries worldwide. Qualifications include GCSE, AS and A Level, NVQ and our BTEC suite of vocational qualifications from entry level to BTEC Higher National Diplomas, recognised by employers and higher education institutions worldwide. We deliver 9.4 million exam scripts each year, with more than 90% of exam papers marked onscreen annually. As part of Pearson, Edexcel continues to invest in cutting-edge technology that has revolutionised the examinations and assessment system. This includes the ability to provide detailed performance data to teachers and students which helps to raise attainment.

This specification is Issue 4. Key changes are sidelined. We will inform centres of any changes to this issue. The latest issue can be found on the Edexcel website: www.edexcel.com

References to third-party material made in this specification are made in good faith. Edexcel does not endorse, approve or accept responsibility for the content of materials, which may be subject to change, or any opinions expressed therein. (Material may include textbooks, journals, magazines and other publications and websites.)

Authorised by Roger Beard Prepared by Susan Hoxley Publications Code BH029073 All the material in this publication is copyright © Edexcel Limited 2011

Edexcel BTEC Level 4 HNC Diploma in Business Edexcel BTEC Level 5 HND Diploma in Business Edexcel BTEC Level 5 HND Diploma in Business (Accounting) Edexcel BTEC Level 5 HND Diploma in Business (Management) Edexcel BTEC Level 5 HND Diploma in Business (Marketing) Edexcel BTEC Level 5 HND Diploma in Business (Human Resources) Edexcel BTEC Level 5 HND Diploma in Business (Law)
The Qualifications and Credit Framework (QCF) has been introduced to replace the National Qualifications Framework (NQF). It recognises achievement through the award of credit for units and qualifications, working at all levels between Entry level and level 8. To accommodate the new framework we have taken the opportunity to revise the academic level and size of the Edexcel BTEC HNCs (Higher National Certificates). These are now at level 4 and are a minimum of 120 credits in size. They have been nested within the structures of the Edexcel BTEC HNDs (Higher National Diplomas). Edexcel BTEC HNDs remain as level 5 qualifications. They are a minimum of 240 credits in size. The qualifications remain as Intermediate level qualifications on the Framework for Higher Education Qualifications (FHEQ). Progression to Edexcel BTEC Higher Nationals continues to be from level 3 qualifications and progression from Edexcel BTEC Higher Nationals will normally be to qualifications at level 6. Learners’ progression routes do not necessarily involve qualifications at every level. As a nested qualification the HNC is an embedded component of the HND. However, it can be taken as a stand-alone qualification. If a learner enrols for an HNC they would be eligible to gain a grade for the HNC. If they then move onto an HND, the learner is graded on their HND performance. The grade for the HND will include units from the previously achieved HNC. If a learner opts to take an HND from the start, then on successful completion of the HND they will receive one grade for the HND achievement only. If a learner opts to take an HND from the start but later chooses to revert to an HNC programme, then on successful completion of the HNC they will receive a grade for the HNC achievement only. Existing NQF Higher National units achievement can count towards the QCF Edexcel BTEC Higher Nationals.

Edexcel BTEC Higher Nationals within the QCF, NQF and FHEQ
QCF/NQF/ FHEQ level Progression opportunities and examples of qualifications within each level PhD/DPhil 8 Professional doctorates (credit based), eg EdD Master’s degrees 7 Postgraduate diplomas Postgraduate Certificate in Education (PGCE) Bachelor’s degrees, eg BA, BSc 6 Professional Graduate Certificate in Education Graduate certificates and diplomas Edexcel BTEC HNDs (Higher National Diplomas) 5 Foundation Degrees, eg FdA, FdSc Diplomas of Higher Education (Dip HE) Edexcel BTEC HNCs (Higher National Certificates) 4 Certificates of Higher Education (Cert HE) Level 4 National Vocational Qualifications (NVQs) Edexcel BTEC Level 3 Extended Diplomas Edexcel BTEC Level 3 Diplomas Edexcel BTEC Level 3 Subsidiary Diplomas 3 Edexcel BTEC Level 3 Certificates GCE Advanced Level Level 3 NVQs Advanced Diplomas

UNITS
The units for the Edexcel BTEC Higher Nationals in Business are on the CD ROM that accompanies this specification and on the Edexcel website.

Contents
Qualification titles covered by this specification Qualification Numbers Introduction Structure of the qualification
Edexcel BTEC Level 4 HNC Edexcel BTEC Level 5 HND

1 1 2 2
2 2

Rules of combination for Edexcel BTEC Levels 4 and 5 Higher National qualifications Key features
Professional body recognition National Occupational Standards Qualification Requirement Higher-level skills Edexcel BTEC Level 4 HNC Edexcel BTEC Level 5 HND

3 7
8 8 8 9 9 10

Teaching, learning and assessment
Unit format Learning and assessment Grading Higher National units Calculation of the qualification grade Qualification grades Recognition of Prior Learning

10
11 13 13 14 15 15

Quality assurance of Edexcel BTEC Higher Nationals

16

Programme design and delivery
Mode of delivery Resources Delivery approach Meeting local needs Locally-devised specialist units Limitations on variations from standard specifications

18
19 19 19 20 20 20

Access and recruitment
Restrictions on learner entry Access arrangements and special considerations

21
21 21

Useful publications
Professional body contact details How to obtain National Occupational Standards

22
22 22

Professional development and training Further information Annexe A
Qualification Requirement

23 23 25
25

Annexe B
National Occupational Standards

31
31

Annexe C
Grade descriptors

41
41

Annexe D
Unit mapping overview Unit mapping in depth

43
43 45

Annexe E
Calculation of the qualification grade

51
51

Qualification titles covered by this specification
Edexcel BTEC Level 4 HNC Diploma in Business (QCF) Edexcel BTEC Level 5 HND Diploma in Business (QCF)

These qualifications have been accredited to the Qualifications and Credit Framework (QCF). The Qualification Numbers (QNs) for these qualifications are listed below. These qualification titles are as they will appear on learners’ certificates. Learners need to be made aware of this when they are recruited by the centre and registered with Edexcel. Providing this happens, centres are able to describe the programme of study leading to the award of the qualification in different ways to suit the medium and the target audience. Centres are reminded that The Report of the National Committee of Inquiry into Higher Education (the Dearing Report) recommended that they ‘develop, for each programme they offer, a ‘programme specification’ which identifies potential stopping-off points and gives the intended outcomes of the programme ...’ The Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Education (QAA) has produced guidelines for centres in preparing programme specifications (reference Guidelines for preparing programme specifications: QAA 115 06/06) which includes related post-Dearing developments. Annexe 2: Working with programme specifications: a leaflet for further education colleges of this QAA document contains additional guidance notes to support further education colleges writing programme specifications for Edexcel awards.

Qualification Numbers
The Qualifications and Credit Framework (QCF) code is known as a Qualification Number (QN). Each unit within a qualification will also have a QCF unit code. The QCF qualification and unit codes will appear on learners’ final certification documentation. The QNs for the qualifications in this publication are: 500/8241/3 500/8239/5 Edexcel BTEC Level 4 HNC Diploma in Business (QCF) Edexcel BTEC Level 5 HND Diploma in Business (QCF)

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Introduction
This specification contains the units and associated guidance for the QCF Edexcel BTEC Level 4 HNC in Business and the Edexcel BTEC Level 5 HND in Business. Each unit sets out the required learning outcomes, assessment criteria and content and may also include advice regarding essential delivery and assessment strategies. This document also contains details of the teaching, learning, assessment and quality assurance of these qualifications. It includes advice about Edexcel’s policies regarding access to its qualifications, the design of programmes of study and delivery modes.

Structure of the qualification
Edexcel BTEC Level 4 HNC
The Edexcel BTEC Level 4 HNC in Business is a qualification with a minimum of 120 credits of which 60 are mandatory core. The Edexcel BTEC Level 4 HNC programme must contain a minimum of 65 credits at level 4.

Edexcel BTEC Level 5 HND
The Edexcel BTEC Level 5 HND in Business is a qualification with a minimum of 240 credits of which 125 are mandatory core. The Edexcel BTEC Level 5 HND programme must contain a minimum of 125 credits at level 5.

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Rules of combination for Edexcel BTEC Levels 4 and 5 Higher National qualifications
The rules of combination specify the: • • • • • total credit value of the qualification minimum credit to be achieved at the level of the qualification mandatory core unit credit specialist unit credit maximum credit that can be centre devised or imported from other QCF Edexcel BTEC Higher National qualifications.

When combining units for an Edexcel BTEC Higher National qualification it is the centre’s responsibility to ensure that the following rules of combination are adhered to: Edexcel BTEC Level 4 HNC in Business 1 2 3 4 5 Qualification credit value: a minimum of 120 credits. (A maximum of 55 credits may be at level 5.) Minimum credit to be achieved at the level of the qualification (level 4): 65 credits. Mandatory core unit credit: 60 credits. Specialist unit credit: 60 credits. A maximum of 30 credits can be centre devised or imported from other QCF Edexcel BTEC Higher National qualifications to meet local needs. Level rules and mandatory core units must not be changed.

Edexcel BTEC Level 5 HND in Business 1 2 3 4 5 6 Qualification credit value: a minimum of 240 credits. (A maximum of 30 credits may be at level 6.) Minimum credit to be achieved at the level of the qualification (level 5): 125 credits. Mandatory core unit credit: 125 credits. Specialist unit credit: 115 credits. The requirements of the HNC have to be met. A maximum of 60 credits can be centre devised or imported from other QCF Edexcel BTEC Higher National qualifications to meet local needs. Level rules and mandatory core units must not be changed.

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Structure of the Edexcel BTEC Level 4 HNC in Business

Unit number 1 2 3 4

Mandatory core units – all four units must be taken Business Environment Managing Financial Resources and Decisions Organisations and Behaviour Marketing Principles Specialist units – choose units with a total credit value of 60

Unit level 4 4 4 4

Unit credit 15 15 15 15

5 6 7 8 9 10 13 15 16 17 18 21 22 25 26 29 31 38 47 49

Aspects of Contract and Negligence for Business Business Decision Making Business Strategy Research Project Management Accounting: Costing and Budgeting Financial Accounting and Reporting Personal and Professional Development Managing Business Activities to Achieve Results Managing Communications, Knowledge and Information Marketing Intelligence Advertising and Promotion in Business Human Resource Management Managing Human Resources English Legal System Business Law The Internet and E-Business E-Business Operations Business Events Management Employability Skills Work-based Experience

4 5 5 5 4 4 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 4 4 4 5 5

15 15 15 20 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15

The Edexcel BTEC Level 4 HNC programme must contain a minimum of 65 credits at level 4.

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Structure of the Edexcel BTEC Level 5 HND in Business

Unit number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Mandatory core units – all eight units must be taken Business Environment Managing Financial Resources and Decisions Organisations and Behaviour Marketing Principles Aspects of Contract and Negligence for Business Business Decision Making Business Strategy Research Project Specialist units – choose units with a minimum total credit value of 115 Accounting Pathway

Unit level 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5

Unit credit 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 20

9 10 11 12

Management Accounting: Costing and Budgeting Financial Accounting and Reporting Financial Systems and Auditing Taxation Management Pathway

4 4 5 5

15 15 15 15

13 14 15 16

Personal and Professional Development Working with and Leading People Managing Business Activities to Achieve Results Managing Communications, Knowledge and Information Marketing Pathway

5 5 4 4

15 15 15 15

17 18 19 20

Marketing Intelligence Advertising and Promotion in Business Marketing Planning Sales Planning and Operations Human Resources Pathway

4 4 5 5

15 15 15 15

21 22 23 24

Human Resource Management Managing Human Resources Human Resources Development Employee Relations

4 4 5 5

15 15 15 15

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Unit number

Specialist units – choose units with a minimum total credit value of 115 (continued) Law Pathway

Unit level

Unit credit

25 26 27 28

English Legal System Business Law Further Aspects of Contract and Tort European Law General optional units

4 5 4 5

15 15 15 15

29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49

The Internet and E-Business Internet Marketing E-Business Operations Quality Management in Business Small Business Enterprise Operations Management in Business European Business Employment Law Company Law Business Events Management Financial Investment Opportunities Business Work Experience Contemporary Issues in Marketing Management Project Management for Business Administrative Services Business Psychology Business Ethics Corporate Environmental and Social Management Employability Skills Project Design, Implementation and Evaluation Work-based Experience

4 5 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5

15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 20 15

The Edexcel BTEC Level 5 HND programme must contain a minimum of 125 credits at level 5. *To gain an endorsed title, for example Edexcel BTEC Level 5 HND in Business (Management), all four units in the pathway need to be completed. Only one endorsed title can be added to the qualification, but more than one endorsed pathway can be completed.

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Key features
Edexcel BTEC Higher Nationals are designed to provide a specialist vocational programme, linked to professional body requirements and National Occupational Standards where appropriate. They offer a strong, sector-related emphasis on practical skills development alongside the development of requisite knowledge and understanding. The qualifications provide a thorough grounding in the key concepts and practical skills required in their sector and their national recognition by employers allows direct progression to employment. A key progression path for Edexcel BTEC HNC and HND learners is to the second or third year of a degree or honours degree programme, depending on the match of the Edexcel BTEC Higher National units to the degree programme in question. The Edexcel BTEC HNC and HND in Business offer a progression route to the professional qualifications offered by various professional bodies in the business sector. Edexcel BTEC Higher Nationals in Business have been developed to focus on: • • • • • • • • providing education and training for a range of careers in business such as management, administration, personnel, marketing, accounting, and law providing a general qualification which allows flexibility of study to meet local or specialist needs providing specialist options which meet the needs of the major functions in business and allow specialisation with career progression and professional recognition in mind providing opportunities which underpin some of the knowledge and understanding required for the relevant NVQ level 4 units in Accounting, Management, and Business Administration providing opportunities for learners to focus on the development of higher-level skills in a business context providing opportunities for learners to develop a range of skills and techniques and attributes essential for successful performance in working life providing opportunities for individuals in employment to achieve a nationally recognised level 4 vocationally specific qualification providing opportunities for learners to gain a nationally recognised vocationally specific qualification to enter employment in business or progress to higher education vocational qualifications such as a full-time degree in business or a related area.

This qualification aims to meet the needs of the above rationale by: • • • • • equipping individuals with knowledge, understanding and skills for success in a range of administrative and management positions in business providing specialist routes of study which relate to individual professions within the business world in which learners are working or intend to seek employment enabling progression to an undergraduate degree or further professional qualification in business or a related area supporting individuals employed or entering employment in the business field developing the individual’s ability in the business field through effective use and combination of the knowledge and skills gained in different parts of the programme

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•

developing a range of skills and techniques, personal qualities and attributes essential for successful performance in working life and thereby enable learners to make an immediate contribution to employment providing flexibility, knowledge, skills and motivation as a basis for future studies and career development in business.

•

Professional body recognition
The Edexcel BTEC Higher Nationals in Business have been developed with career progression and recognition by professional bodies in mind. It is essential that learners gain the maximum benefit from their programme of study. Further details of professional body recognition and exemptions for Edexcel BTEC Higher Nationals are given in the BTEC Higher Nationals – Professional Recognition and Progression Directory 2008 available from our website: www.edexcel.com/quals/hn/Pages/Keydocuments.aspx.

National Occupational Standards
Edexcel BTEC Higher Nationals in Business are designed to relate to the National Occupational Standards in the Business sector at levels 4 and 5, which in turn form the basis of the National Vocational Qualifications (NVQs) in Business Administration and Management and Leadership. Edexcel BTEC Higher Nationals do not purport to deliver occupational competence in the sector, which should be demonstrated in a work context. However, the qualifications provide underpinning knowledge for the National Occupational Standards, as well as developing practical skills in preparation for work and possible achievement of NVQs in due course. There are currently no generic National Occupational Standards for Business. However, some units in the Higher Nationals in Business relate to both Management and Leadership NVQ units and Business Administration NVQ units. Links to these National Occupational Standards are indicated in each unit. Annexe B contains mapping of the Higher National units in this specification against relevant Level 4 NVQs where appropriate.

Qualification Requirement
Edexcel has published Qualification Requirements as part of the revision of Edexcel BTEC Higher Nationals. Qualification Requirements set out the aims and rationale of the qualifications and provide the framework of curriculum content. They also identify the higher-level skills associated with the qualifications and any recognition by relevant professional bodies. The Qualification Requirement for the Edexcel BTEC Higher Nationals in Business is given in Annexe A. Edexcel standard specification titles are developed from the Qualification Requirements. Licensed centres comply with Qualification Requirements when developing Higher Nationals under these standard titles. Qualification Requirements provide consistent standards within the same vocational area and identify the skills and knowledge that can be expected of any holder of an identical Edexcel BTEC Higher National. This will allow higher education institutions, employers and professional bodies to confidently provide progression opportunities to successful learners.

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Higher-level skills
Learners studying for Edexcel BTEC Higher Nationals in Business will be expected to develop the following skills during the programme of study: • • • • • • • • • • • cognitive skills of critical thinking, analysis and synthesis effective problem solving and decision making using appropriate quantitative and qualitative skills including identifying, formulating and solving business problems effective communication, oral and in writing, using a range of media widely used in business eg the preparation and presentation of business reports numeric and quantitative skills including data analysis, interpretation and extrapolation; the use of models of business problems and phenomena effective use of communication and information technology for business applications effective self-management in terms of time, planning and behaviour, motivation, self-starting, individual initiative and enterprise developing an appropriate learning style self-awareness, openness and sensitivity to diversity in terms of people, cultures, business and management issues effective performance within a team environment including leadership, team-building, influencing and project-management skills interpersonal skills of effective listening, negotiating, persuading and presentation abilities to conduct research into business and management issues.

Edexcel BTEC Level 4 HNC
The Edexcel BTEC Level 4 HNC in Business provides a specialist work-related programme of study that covers the key knowledge, understanding and practical skills required in the business sector and also offers particular specialist emphasis through the choice of specialist units. Edexcel BTEC Level 4 HNCs provide a nationally recognised qualification offering career progression and professional development for those already in employment and opportunities to progress into higher education. The qualifications are mode free but they are primarily undertaken by part-time learners studying over two years. In some sectors there are opportunities for those wishing to complete an intensive programme of study in a shorter period of time. This specification gives centres a framework to develop engaging programmes for higher education learners who are clear about the area of employment that they wish to enter. The Edexcel BTEC Level 4 HNC in Business offers a progression route for learners who are employed in the business sector. Learners studying the Edexcel BTEC Level 4 HNC will be able to progress onto the HND in Business, which allows more specialisation; this then allows progression to degrees in business subjects.

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Edexcel BTEC Level 5 HND
The Edexcel BTEC Level 5 HND provides greater breadth and specialisation than the Edexcel BTEC Level 4 HNC. Edexcel BTEC HNDs are mode free but are followed predominately by full-time learners. They allow progression into or within employment in the business sector, either directly on achievement of the award or following further study to degree level. The Edexcel BTEC Level 5 HND in Business provides opportunities for learners to apply their knowledge and practical skills in the workplace. Full-time learners have the opportunity to do this through formal work placements or part-time employment experience. The qualification prepares learners for employment in the business sector and will be suitable for learners who have already decided that they wish to enter this area of work. Some adult learners may wish to make the commitment required by this qualification in order to enter a specialist area of employment in business or progress into higher education. Other learners may want to extend the specialism that they followed on the Edexcel BTEC Level 4 HNC programme. Progression from this qualification may well be into or within employment in the business sector where learners may work towards membership of a professional body. The Edexcel BTEC Level 5 HND in Business offers a progression route for learners who are studying on an Edexcel BTEC Level 4 HNC in Business or a programme that includes business. Learners studying the Edexcel BTEC Level 5 HND will be able to progress to a degree in business or one of its specialist areas. The qualification also prepares learners for employment in the business sector. Some learners may wish to use this qualification in order to enter a specialist area of employment in the sector, where learners may work towards professional membership or study for professional body examinations.

Teaching, learning and assessment
Learners must achieve a minimum of 120 credits (of which at least 65 must be at level 4) on their programme of learning to be awarded an Edexcel BTEC Level 4 HNC and a minimum of 240 credits (of which at least 125 must be at level 5) to be awarded an Edexcel BTEC Level 5 HND. The assessment of Edexcel BTEC Higher National qualifications is criterion-referenced and centres are required to assess learners’ evidence against published learning outcomes and assessment criteria. All units will be individually graded as ‘pass’, ‘merit’ or ‘distinction’. To achieve a pass grade for the unit learners must meet the assessment criteria set out in the specifications. This gives transparency to the assessment process and provides for the establishment of national standards for each qualification. The units in Edexcel BTEC Higher National qualifications all have a standard format which is designed to provide guidance on the requirements of the qualification for learners, assessors and those responsible for monitoring national standards.

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Unit format
Each unit is set out in the following way. Unit title, unit code, QCF level and credit value The unit title is accredited on the QCF and this form of words will appear on the learner’s Notification of Performance. Each unit is assigned a level, indicating the relative intellectual demand, complexity and depth of study, and learner autonomy. All units and qualifications within the QCF will have a level assigned to them, which represents the level of achievement. There are nine levels of achievement, from Entry level to level 8. The level of the unit has been informed by the QCF level descriptors and, where appropriate, the National Occupational Standards (NOS) and/or other sector/professional benchmarks. Each unit in Edexcel BTEC Higher National qualifications has a credit value which specifies the number of credits that will be awarded to a learner who has achieved all the learning outcomes of the unit. Learners will be awarded credits for the successful completion of whole units. Aim The aim provides a clear summary of the purpose of the unit and is a succinct statement that summarises the learning outcomes of the unit. Unit abstract The unit abstract gives the reader an appreciation of the unit in the vocational setting of the qualification, as well as highlighting the focus of the unit. It gives the reader a snapshot of the unit and the key knowledge, skills and understanding gained while studying the unit. The unit abstract also highlights any links to the appropriate vocational sector by describing how the unit relates to that sector. Learning outcomes The learning outcomes identify what each learner must do in order to pass the unit. Learning outcomes state exactly what a learner should ‘know, understand or be able to do’ as a result of completing the unit. Learners must achieve all the learning outcomes in order to pass the unit. Unit content The unit content identifies the breadth of knowledge, skills and understanding needed to design and deliver a programme of learning to achieve each of the learning outcomes. This is informed by the underpinning knowledge and understanding requirements of relevant National Occupational Standards (NOS) where appropriate. Each learning outcome is stated in full and then the key phrases or concepts related to that learning outcome are listed in italics followed by the subsequent range of related topics.

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The information below shows how unit content is structured and gives the terminology used to explain the different components within the content. • • • Learning outcome: this is given in bold at the beginning of each section of content. Italicised sub-heading: it contains a key phrase or concept. This is content which must be covered in the delivery of the unit. Colons mark the end of an italicised sub-heading. Elements of content: the elements are in roman text and amplify the sub-heading. The elements must also be covered in the delivery of the unit. Semi-colons mark the end of an element. Brackets contain amplification of elements of content which must be covered in the delivery of the unit. ‘eg’ is a list of examples used for indicative amplification of an element (that is, the content specified in this amplification that could be covered or that could be replaced by other, similar material).

• •

It is not a requirement of the unit specification that all of the content is assessed. Learning outcomes and assessment criteria Each unit contains statements of the evidence that each learner should produce in order to receive a pass. Guidance This section provides additional guidance and amplification related to the unit to support tutors/deliverers and assessors. Its subsections are given below. • Links – sets out possible links between units within the specification. Provides opportunities for the integration of learning, delivery and assessment. Links to relevant National Occupational Standards and Professional Bodies Standards will be highlighted here. Essential requirements – essential, unique physical and/or staffing resources or delivery/assessment requirements needed for the delivery of this unit are specified here. Employer engagement and vocational contexts – this is an optional section. Where relevant it offers suggestions for employer contact to enhance the delivery of the unit.

• •

These subsections should be read in conjunction with the learning outcomes, unit content, assessment criteria and the generic grade descriptors. The centre will be asked to ensure that essential resources are in place when it seeks approval from Edexcel to offer the qualification.

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Learning and assessment
The purpose of assessment is to ensure that effective learning of the content of each unit has taken place. Evidence of this learning, or the application of the learning, is required for each unit. The assessment of the evidence relates directly to the assessment criteria for each unit, supported by the generic grade descriptors. The process of assessment can aid effective learning by seeking and interpreting evidence to decide the stage that learners have reached in their learning, what further learning needs to take place and how best to do this. Therefore, the process of assessment should be part of the effective planning of teaching and learning by providing opportunities for both the learner and assessor to obtain information about progress towards learning goals. The assessor and learner must be actively engaged in promoting a common understanding of the assessment criteria and the grade descriptors (what it is they are trying to achieve and how well they achieve it) for further learning to take place. Therefore, learners need constructive feedback and guidance about how they may improve by capitalising on their strengths and clear and constructive comments about their weaknesses and how these might be addressed. Assessment instruments are constructed within centres. They should collectively ensure coverage of all assessment criteria within each unit and should provide opportunities for the evidencing of all the grade descriptors. It is advised that assessment criteria and contextualised grade descriptors are clearly indicated on each assessment instrument to provide a focus for learners (for transparency and to ensure that feedback is specific to the criteria) and to assist with internal standardisation processes. Tasks/activities should enable learners to produce evidence that relates directly to the assessment criteria and grade descriptors. When centres are designing assessment instruments, they need to ensure that the instruments are valid, reliable and fit for purpose, building on the application of the assessment criteria. Centres are encouraged to place emphasis on practical application of the assessment criteria, providing a realistic scenario for learners to adopt, making maximum use of work-related practical experience and reflecting typical practice in the sector concerned. The creation of assessment instruments that are fit for purpose is vital to achievement and their importance cannot be over-emphasised.

Grading Higher National units
The grading of Edexcel BTEC Higher National qualifications is at the unit and the qualification level. Each successfully completed unit will be graded as a pass, merit or distinction. A pass is awarded for the achievement of all outcomes against the specified assessment criteria. Merit and distinction grades are awarded for higher-level achievement. The generic merit and distinction grade descriptors listed in Annexe C are for grading the total evidence produced for each unit and describe the learner’s performance over and above that for a pass grade. They can be achieved in a flexible way, for example in a sequential or holistic mode, to reflect the nature of the sector concerned. Each of the generic merit and distinction grade descriptors can be amplified by use of indicative characteristics. These give a guide to the expected learner performance, and support the generic grade descriptors. The indicative characteristics should reflect the nature of a unit and the context of the sector programme.

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The indicative characteristics shown in the table for each of the generic grade descriptors in Annexe C are not exhaustive. Consequently, centres should select appropriate characteristics from the list or construct others that are appropriate for their sector programme and level. It is important to note that each assessment activity does not need to incorporate all the merit and/or distinction grade descriptors. Contextualising the generic grade descriptors The generic merit and distinction grade descriptors need to be viewed as a qualitative extension of the assessment criteria for pass within each individual unit. The relevant generic grade descriptors must be identified and specified within an assignment and the relevant indicative characteristics should be used to place the required evidence in context. Summary of grades In order to achieve a pass in a unit In order to achieve a merit in a unit • • • In order to achieve a distinction in a unit • • all learning outcomes and associated assessment criteria have been met pass requirements achieved all merit grade descriptors achieved pass and merit requirements achieved all distinction grade descriptors achieved

Calculation of the qualification grade
Pass qualification grade
Learners who achieve the minimum eligible credit value specified by the rule of combination will achieve the qualification at pass grade (see section Rules of combination for the Edexcel BTEC Levels 4 and 5 Higher National qualifications).

Qualification grades above pass grade
Learners will be awarded a merit or distinction qualification grade by the aggregation of points gained through the successful achievement of individual units. The graded section of both the HNC and the HND is based on the learner’s best performance in units at the level or above of the qualification to the value of 75 credits. The number of points available is dependent on the unit grade achieved and the credit size of the unit (as shown in the ‘Points available per credit at specified unit grades’ table below).

Points available per credit at specified unit grades
Points per credit Pass 0 Merit 1 Distinction 2

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Qualification grades
Edexcel BTEC Level 4 HNC
Points range 0-74 75-149 150 Grade Pass Merit Distinction P M D

Edexcel BTEC Level 5 HND
Points range 0-74 75-149 150 Grade Pass Merit Distinction P M D

Annexe E gives examples of how qualification grades are calculated. The grade achieved in units from an appropriate HNC may contribute to an HND grade. If a learner moves from HNC to HND then credits from both the HNC and HND can contribute to the best 75 credits of the overall HND grade.

Recognition of Prior Learning
Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL) is a method of assessment (leading to the award of credit) that considers whether a learner can demonstrate that they can meet the assessment requirements for a unit through knowledge, understanding or skills they already possess and so do not need to develop through a course of learning. Edexcel encourages centres to recognise learners’ previous achievements and experiences whether at work, home and at leisure, as well as in the classroom. RPL provides a route for the recognition of the achievements resulting from continuous learning. RPL enables recognition of achievement from a range of activities using any valid assessment methodology. Provided that the assessment requirements of a given unit or qualification have been met, the use of RPL is acceptable for accrediting a unit, units or a whole qualification. Evidence of learning must be valid and reliable. For full guidance about Edexcel’s policy on RPL please see our Recognition of Prior Learning Policy on our website. Please go to http://www.edexcel.com/Policies/Documents/Recognition of Prior Learning.pdf

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Quality assurance of Edexcel BTEC Higher Nationals
Edexcel's quality assurance system for all BTEC higher level programmes on the QCF at Levels 4–7 will ensure that centres have effective quality assurance processes to review programme delivery. It will also ensure that the outcomes of assessment are to national standards. The quality assurance process for centres offering Edexcel BTEC higher level programmes on the QCF at Levels 4–7 comprises three key components. 1) Approval process Approval to offer Edexcel BTEC Higher National qualifications will vary depending on the status of the centre. Centres that have a recent history of delivering Edexcel BTEC Higher National qualifications and have an acceptable quality profile in relation to their delivery will be able to gain approval through Edexcel Online. Centres new to the delivery of Edexcel BTEC Higher National qualifications will be required to seek approval through the existing Edexcel qualification and centre approval process. Prior to approval being given, centres will be required to submit evidence to demonstrate that they: • • • • have the human and physical resources required for effective delivery and assessment understand the implications for independent assessment and agree to abide by these have a robust internal assessment system supported by ‘fit for purpose’ assessment documentation have a system to internally verify assessment decisions, to ensure standardised assessment decisions are made across all assessors and sites.

Such applications have to be supported by the head of the centre (principal, chief executive etc). and include a declaration that the centre will operate the programmes strictly as approved and in line with Edexcel requirements. 2) Monitoring of internal centre systems Centres will be required to demonstrate ongoing fulfilment of the centre approval criteria over time and across all programmes. The process that assures this is external examination, which is undertaken by Edexcel’s External Examiners. Centres will be given the opportunity to present evidence of the ongoing suitability and deployment of their systems to carry out the required functions. This includes the consistent application of policies affecting learner registrations, appeals, effective internal examination and standardisation processes. Where appropriate, centres may present evidence of their operation within a recognised code of practice, such as that of the Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Education. Edexcel reserves the right to confirm independently that these arrangements are operating to Edexcel’s satisfaction. Edexcel will affirm, or not, the ongoing effectiveness of such systems. Where system failures are identified, sanctions (appropriate to the nature of the problem) will be applied in order to assist the centre in correcting the problem.

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3) Independent assessment review The internal assessment outcomes reached for all Edexcel BTEC higher level programmes on the Qualifications and Credit Framework at Levels 4-7 are subject to an independent assessment review by an Edexcel-appointed External Examiner. The outcomes of this process will be to: • or • or • make recommendations about the centre’s ability to continue to be approved for the qualifications in question. make recommendations to improve the quality of assessment outcomes before certification is released confirm that internal assessment is to national standards and allow certification

Additional arrangement for ALL centres
Regardless of the type of centre, Edexcel reserves the right to withdraw either qualification or centre approval when it deems there is an irreversible breakdown in the centre’s ability either to quality assure its programme delivery or its assessment standards.

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Programme design and delivery
Edexcel BTEC Higher National qualifications consist of mandatory core units and specialist units. The specialist units are designed to provide a specific focus to the qualification. Required combinations of specialist units are clearly set out in relation to each qualification in the defined qualification structures provided in this document. In Edexcel BTEC Higher National qualifications each unit’s credit value usually consists of multiples of 5 credits. Most units are 15 credits in value. These units have been designed from a learning time perspective. Each 15-credit unit approximates to a learning time of 150 hours. These new Edexcel BTEC Level 5 HND qualifications are the same size as the Edexcel Level 5 BTEC Higher National Diplomas which were accredited onto the National Qualifications Framework (NQF). Therefore, it is expected that these Edexcel BTEC Level 5 HNDs, accredited onto the Qualifications and Credit Framework (QCF), will also require approximately 960 guided learning hours (GLH). Consequently, using the above approach, the new Edexcel BTEC Level 4 HNCs, which are accredited onto the QCF, and are now half the size of the Edexcel BTEC Level 5 Higher National Diplomas, will require approximately 480 GLH. Within the information relating to these units on the QCF, each 15-credit unit has been allocated a figure of 60 GLH to help guide centres (other units with smaller or larger credit values have figures calculated on a pro rata basis). Centres delivering these qualifications are required to use their professional expertise in the design and delivery of these qualifications within the overall guided learning hours for the qualification. Guided learning hours are defined as all the time when a tutor, trainer or facilitator is present to give specific guidance towards the learning aim being studied on a programme. This definition includes lectures, tutorials and supervised study in, for example, open learning centres and learning workshops. It also includes time spent by staff assessing learners’ achievements. It does not include time spent by staff in day-to-day marking of assignments where the learner is not present. Learning time is defined as the time taken by learners at the level of the unit, on average, to complete the learning outcomes of the unit to the standard determined by the assessment criteria. It should address all learning (including assessment) relevant to the learning outcomes, regardless of where, when and how the learning has taken place. Centres are advised to consider this definition when planning the programme of study associated with this specification. Annexe D provides information for centres and learners who wish to compare, for teaching and learning purposes, the units of the NQF Edexcel Level 5 BTEC Higher Nationals in Business with the new units of the QCF Edexcel BTEC Higher Nationals in Business.

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Mode of delivery
Edexcel does not define the mode of study for Edexcel BTEC Higher National qualifications. Centres are free to offer the qualification(s) using any mode of delivery that meets the needs of their learners. This may be through traditional classroom teaching, open learning, distance learning or a combination of these. Whatever mode of delivery is used, centres must ensure that learners have appropriate access to the resources identified in the specification and to the subject specialists delivering the units. This is particularly important for learners studying for the qualification through open or distance learning. Full guidance on our policies on ‘distance assessment’ and ‘electronic assessment’ are given on our website. Learners studying for the qualification on a part-time basis bring with them a wealth of experience that should be utilised to maximum effect by tutors and assessors. Assessment instruments based on learners’ work environments should be encouraged. Those planning the programme should aim to enhance the vocational nature of the Edexcel BTEC Higher National qualification by: • • • • • liaising with employers to ensure that the course is relevant to learners’ specific needs accessing and using non-confidential data and documents from learners’ workplaces including sponsoring employers in the delivery of the programme and, where appropriate, in the assessment linking with company-based/workplace training programmes making full use of the variety of experiences of work and life that learners bring to the programme.

Resources
Edexcel BTEC Higher National qualifications are designed to prepare learners for employment in specific industry sectors. Physical resources need to support the delivery of the programme and the proper assessment of the outcomes and, therefore, should normally be of industry standard. Staff delivering programmes and conducting the assessments should be familiar with current practice, legislation and standards used in the sector concerned. Centres will need to meet any specialist resource requirements when they seek approval from Edexcel. Please refer to the Essential requirements section in individual units for specialist resource requirements.

Delivery approach
It is important that centres develop an approach to teaching and learning that supports the specialist vocational nature of the Edexcel BTEC Higher National qualification. Specifications contain a balance of practical skill development and knowledge requirements, some of which can be theoretical in nature. Tutors and assessors need to ensure that appropriate links are made between theory and practice and that the knowledge base is applied to the sector. This will require the development of relevant and up-to-date teaching materials that allow learners to apply their learning to actual events and activities within the sector. Maximum use should be made of the learner’s experience.

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Meeting local needs
Centres should note that the qualifications set out in these specifications have been developed in consultation with centres, employers and the professional bodies for the business sector, together with support from an appropriate Sector Skills Council (SSC), Sector Skills Body (SSB) or National Training Organisation (NTO) for the business sector. The units are designed to meet the skill needs of the sector and the specialist units allow coverage of the full range of employment within the sector. Centres should make maximum use of the choice available to them within the specialist units to meet the needs of their learners, as well as the local skills and training needs identified by organisations such as Regional Development Agencies and local funding agencies. Centres may not always be able to meet local needs using the units in this specification. In this situation, centres can seek approval from Edexcel to use units from other Edexcel BTEC Higher National qualifications on the QCF. Centres will need to justify the need for importing units from other specifications and Edexcel will ensure that the vocational focus of the qualification remains the same.

Locally-devised specialist units
There may be exceptional circumstances where even the flexibility of importing units from other specifications does not meet a particular local need. In this case, centres can seek permission from Edexcel to develop a unit(s) with us to meet this need. Permission will be granted only in a limited number of cases. Edexcel will ensure that the integrity of the qualification is not compromised and that there is a minimum of overlap and duplication of content of existing units. Centres will need strong evidence of the local need and the reasons why the existing standard units are inappropriate. Edexcel will validate these units.

Limitations on variations from standard specifications
The flexibility to import standard units from other QCF Edexcel BTEC Higher National specifications and/or to develop unique locally-devised specialist units is limited to a maximum of 30 credits in an Edexcel BTEC HNC qualification and a maximum of 60 credits only in any Edexcel BTEC HND qualification. These units cannot be used at the expense of the mandatory core units in any qualification nor can the qualification rules of combination level rules be compromised.

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Access and recruitment
Edexcel’s policy regarding access to our qualifications is that: • • • qualifications should be available to everyone who is capable of reaching the required standards qualifications should be free from any barriers that restrict access and progression there must be equal opportunities for everyone wishing to access the qualification.

Centres are required to recruit learners to Edexcel BTEC Higher National qualifications with integrity. This will include ensuring that applicants have appropriate information and advice about the qualifications and that the qualification will meet their needs. Centres should take appropriate steps to assess each applicant’s potential and make a professional judgement about their ability to successfully complete the programme of study and achieve the qualification. This assessment will need to take account of the support available to the learner within the centre during their programme of study and any specific support that might be necessary to allow the learner to access the assessment for the qualification. Centres should also show regard for Edexcel’s policy (see our website) on learners with particular requirements. Centres will need to review the profile of qualifications and/or experience held by applicants, considering whether this profile shows an ability to progress to level 4 or level 5 qualifications. For learners who have recently been in education, the entry profile is likely to include one of the following: • • a BTEC Level 3 qualification in business a GCE Advanced level profile which demonstrates strong performance in a relevant subject or an adequate performance in more than one GCE subject. This profile is likely to be supported by GCSE grades at A* to C other related level 3 qualifications an Access to Higher Education Certificate awarded by an approved further education institution related work experience.

• • •

Mature learners may present a more varied profile of achievement that is likely to include extensive work experience (paid and/or unpaid) and/or achievement of a range of professional qualifications in their work sector.

Restrictions on learner entry
The Edexcel BTEC Higher National qualifications are accredited on the QCF for learners aged 18 years and over.

Access arrangements and special considerations
Edexcel’s policy on access arrangements and special considerations for BTEC and Edexcel NVQ qualifications aims to enhance access to the qualifications for learners with disabilities and other difficulties (as defined by the Disability Discrimination Act 1995 and the amendments to the Act) without compromising the assessment of skills, knowledge, understanding or competence. Further details are given on our website (www.edexcel.com).

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Useful publications
Further copies of this document and related publications can be obtained from: Edexcel Publications Adamsway Mansfield Nottinghamshire NG18 4FN Telephone: Fax: Email: 01623 467 467 01623 450 481 publication.orders@edexcel.com

Related publications include: • • the current Edexcel publications catalogue and update catalogue Edexcel publications concerning the quality assurance system and the internal and external verification of vocationally-related programmes may be found on the Edexcel website and in the Edexcel publications catalogue.

NB: Most of our publications are priced. There is also a charge for postage and packing. Please check the cost when you order.

Professional body contact details
Administration Council For Administration 6 Graphite Square Vauxhall Walk London SE11 5EE Telephone: 020 7091 9620 Website: www.cfa.uk.com Management The Management Standards Centre The Institute of Management 2 Savoy Court The Strand WC2R 0EZ Telephone: 020 7497 0580 Fax: 020 7497 0463 Website: www.inst-mgt.org.uk

How to obtain National Occupational Standards
The National Occupational Standards can be obtained from the above Sector Skill Bodies.

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Professional development and training
Edexcel supports UK and international customers with training related to BTEC qualifications. This support is available through a choice of training options offered in our published training directory or through customised training at your centre. The support we offer focuses on a range of issues including: • • • • • • • planning for the delivery of a new programme planning for assessment and grading developing effective assignments building your team and teamwork skills developing student-centred learning and teaching approaches building key skills into your programme building in effective and efficient quality assurance systems.

The national programme of training we offer can be viewed on our website (www.edexcel.com/training). You can request customised training through the website or by contacting one of our advisers in the Training from Edexcel team via Customer Services to discuss your training needs. Our customer service numbers are: BTEC and NVQ GCSE GCE The Diploma DiDA and other qualifications 0844 576 0026 0844 576 0027 0844 576 0025 0844 576 0028 0844 576 0031

Calls may be recorded for training purposes. The training we provide: • • • is active – ideas are developed and applied is designed to be supportive and thought provoking builds on best practice.

Our training is underpinned by the former LLUK standards for those preparing to teach and for those seeking evidence for their continuing professional development.

Further information
For further information please call Customer Services on 0844 576 0026 (calls may be recorded for training purposes) or visit our website at www.edexcel.com.

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Annexe A
Qualification Requirement
BTEC Higher Nationals in Business
This Qualification Requirement will be read in conjunction with overarching guidance from Edexcel.

Rationale
Edexcel BTEC Higher Nationals are designed to provide a specialist vocational programme, linked to professional body requirements and National Occupational Standards where appropriate. They offer a strong, sector-related emphasis on practical skills development alongside the development of requisite knowledge and understanding. The qualifications provide a thorough grounding in the key concepts and practical skills required in their sector and their national recognition by employers allows direct progression to employment. A key progression path for Edexcel BTEC HNC and HND learners is to the second or third year of a degree or honours degree programme, depending on the match of the Edexcel BTEC Higher National units to the degree programme in question. The Edexcel BTEC HNC and HND in Business offer a progression route to the professional qualifications offered by various professional bodies in the business sector. Edexcel BTEC Higher Nationals in Business have been developed to focus on: • • • • • • • • providing education and training for a range of careers in business such as management, administration, personnel, marketing, accounting, and law providing a general qualification which allows flexibility of study to meet local or specialist needs providing specialist options which meet the needs of the major functions in business and allow specialisation with career progression and professional recognition in mind providing opportunities which underpin some of the knowledge and understanding required for the relevant NVQ level 4 units in Accounting, Management, and Business Administration providing opportunities for learners to focus on the development of higher-level skills in a business context providing opportunities for learners to develop a range of skills and techniques and attributes essential for successful performance in working life providing opportunities for individuals in employment to achieve a nationally recognised level 4 vocationally specific qualification providing opportunities for learners to gain a nationally recognised vocationally specific qualification to enter employment in business or progress to higher education vocational qualifications such as a full-time degree in business or a related area.

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This qualification aims to meet the needs of the above rationale by: • • • • • • equipping individuals with knowledge, understanding and skills for success in a range of administrative and management positions in business providing specialist routes of study which relate to individual professions within the business world in which learners are working or intend to seek employment enabling progression to an undergraduate degree or further professional qualification in business or a related area supporting individuals employed or entering employment in the business field developing the individual’s ability in the business field through effective use and combination of the knowledge and skills gained in different parts of the programme developing a range of skills and techniques, personal qualities and attributes essential for successful performance in working life and thereby enable learners to make an immediate contribution to employment providing flexibility, knowledge, skills and motivation as a basis for future studies and career development in business.

•

This qualification meets the needs of the above rationale by:

• • • • • •

equipping individuals with knowledge, understanding and skills for success in a range of administrative and management positions in business providing specialist routes of study which relate to individual professions within the business world in which learners are working or intend to seek employment enabling progression to an undergraduate degree or further professional qualification in Business or a related area supporting individuals employed or entering employment in the business field developing the individual’s ability in the business field through effective use and combination of the knowledge and skills gained in different parts of the programme developing a range of skills and techniques, personal qualities and attributes essential for successful performance in working life and thereby enabling learners to make an immediate contribution to employment providing flexibility, knowledge, skills and motivation as a basis for future studies and career development in Business.

•

Mandatory curriculum
This will cover an analysis of the impact of the external operating environment and the need to plan organisational strategies to ensure effective business performance, together with an introduction to the techniques and methods of research. A variety of research methodologies, including the opportunity to carry out interventionist or action research should be considered and a project report based on independent research into an area of professional business practice of interest completed. The ways in which finance is managed within a business organisation will be considered, the different sources of finance evaluated and the use of financial information to make decisions studied. Also included will be consideration of decisions relating to pricing and investment, as well as budgeting, together with techniques for the evaluation of financial performance.

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The internal nature of organisations from both a theoretical and practical viewpoint will be considered and it is intended to develop an understanding of the behaviour of people within organisations and the significance of organisational design and characteristics. The objectives of organisations and the influence of stakeholders are included as is the operation of organisations in relation to the local, national and global environment. Also included is an introduction to the fundamental concepts and principles that underpin the marketing process, examine the role and practice of marketing within the changing business environment and include a concise and contemporary overview of marketing, together with the knowledge and skills to underpin further study in the specialist field of marketing.

Optional curriculum Accounting pathway
This pathway will give learners an appreciation of financial planning and constraints. It will cover the collection and analysis of cost data for management purposes, budgetary planning and control, the preparation of financial statements for different types of business and legal and regulatory provisions, the accounting and management control systems of a business and an evaluation of their effectiveness, and the taxation of individuals and limited companies.

Management pathway
This pathway will cover the main functions of management including facilitating and managing change and providing a vision for the future; managing financial resources, physical resources, technology, the management of information and knowledge and providing products and services; building relationships, developing networks and partnerships and managing people; and leading business operations and meeting customer needs.

Marketing pathway
This pathway gives an overview of the marketing function. It will consider the purchase decisionmaking process and the variables and situations influencing buyer behaviour as well as exploring the marketing research process; the ability to determine specific promotional activities in response to target audience; the application and evaluation of analytical tools to create a marketing plan; and sales planning and operations and the different stages of the sales process.

Human Resource Management pathway
This pathway covers the main areas of human resource management including an introduction to the human resource management role and function which is then built on to give a broader perspective to human resource management practices; of the role of training and employee development, including a consideration of government initiative aimed at developing skills; and employment relationships in the UK including industrial conflict, the resolution of disputes and negotiation.

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Law pathway
This pathway considers the English legal system, legislation specifically relating to Business, anti-competitive practices and their impact on business, further common law principles and the impact of European Union legislation. Further specialist units (available both to learners taking a general Higher National in Business and to learners taking a pathway, especially at diploma level) develop and apply the knowledge and understanding of the connections between specialist areas and the wider world of business. Some of these units have been designed to complement each other or to complement units in the pathways, for example units covering aspects of finance, law or management. However, any specialist unit can be chosen in isolation.

Professional body recognition
The Edexcel BTEC Higher Nationals in Business have been developed with career progression and recognition by professional bodies in mind. It is essential that learners gain the maximum benefit from their programme of study. Further details of professional body recognition and exemptions for Edexcel BTEC Higher Nationals are given in the publication BTEC Professional Recognition which is available on our website (www.edexcel.com).

Links to National Standards
There is the opportunity for programmes in Business to provide some of the underpinning knowledge, understanding and skills for the level 4 NVQ in Management, Accounting, Personnel, Administration and Procurement.

Entry prerequisites
There are no particular entry requirements for this qualification, Please refer to Edexcel guidance on entry requirements (to be developed). Candidates who enter with at least one of the following are likely to benefit more readily from a Business programme:

• • • •

a BTEC National, Advanced GNVQ or AVCE in Business or in a related subject (eg Tourism, Hospitality and Catering) at least one GCE A Level pass in a relevant subject with appropriate supporting passes at GCSE an Access to Higher Education Certificate awarded by an approved Further Education institution appropriate work experience.

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Higher level skills and abilities
Learners studying for Edexcel BTEC Higher Nationals in Business will be expected to develop the following skills during the programme of study: • • • • • • • • • • • cognitive skills of critical thinking, analysis and synthesis effective problem solving and decision making using appropriate quantitative and qualitative skills including identifying, formulating and solving business problems effective communication, oral and in writing, using a range of media widely used in business, eg the preparation and presentation of business reports numeric and quantitative skills including data analysis, interpretation and extrapolation; the use of models of business problems and phenomena effective use of communication and information technology for business applications effective self-management in terms of time, planning and behaviour, motivation, self-starting, individual initiative and enterprise developing an appropriate learning style self-awareness, openness and sensitivity to diversity in terms of people, cultures, business and management issues effective performance within a team environment including leadership, team-building, influencing and project-management skills interpersonal skills of effective listening, negotiating, persuading and presentation abilities to conduct research into business and management issues effective performance within a team environment including: leadership, team-building, influencing and project-management skills interpersonal skills of effective listening, negotiating, persuading and presentation abilities to conduct research into business and management issues.

• • •

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Annexe B

National Occupational Standards

Mapping against the Level 4 NVQ in Management, Level 4 NVQ in Accounting, Level 4 NVQ in Business and Administration and the Level 4 NVQ in Personnel Management

The grid below maps the knowledge covered in the Level 4 NVQ in Management Level 4 NVQ in Accounting, Level 4 NVQ in Business and Administration and the Level 4 NVQ IN Personnel Management against the underpinning knowledge of the QCF Edexcel BTEC Higher Nationals in Business.

HNC/D titles

Unit 1

Unit 2

Unit 3

Unit 4

Unit 6

Unit 7

Unit 8

Unit 9

Unit 13

Unit 14

Unit 15

Unit 16

Unit 17

Unit 18

Unit 19

Unit 21

Unit 22

Unit 23

Unit 24

A2: Manage your own resources and professional development

A3: Develop your personal networks

B1: Develop and implement operational plans for your area of responsibility

B6: Provide leadership in your area of responsibility

B8: Ensure compliance with legal, regulatory, ethical and social requirements

B11: Promote equality of opportunity and diversity in your area of responsibility

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Unit 32

NVQ unit titles

HNC/D titles

Unit 1

Unit 2

Unit 3

Unit 4

Unit 6

Unit 7

Unit 8

Unit 9

Unit 13

Unit 14

Unit 15

Unit 16

Unit 17

Unit 18

Unit 19

Unit 21

Unit 22

Unit 23

Unit 24

C2: Encourage innovation in your area of responsibility

C4: Lead change

C5: Plan change

C6: Implement change

D2: Develop productive working relationships with colleagues and stakeholders

D3: Recruit, select and keep colleagues

D6: Allocate and monitor the progress and quality of work in your area of responsibility

D7: Provide learning opportunities for colleagues

D10: Reduce and manage conflict in your team

D11: Lead meetings

E2: Manage finance for your area of responsibility

E6: Ensure health and safety requirements are met in your area of responsibility

E8: Manage physical resources

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Unit 32

NVQ unit titles

HNC/D titles

Unit 1

Unit 2

Unit 3

Unit 4

Unit 6

Unit 7

Unit 8

Unit 9

Unit 13

Unit 14

Unit 15

Unit 16

Unit 17

Unit 18

Unit 19

Unit 21

Unit 22

Unit 23

Unit 24

E9: Manage the environmental impact of your work

E10: Take effective decisions

F1: Manage a project

F2: Manage a programme of complementary projects

F3: Manage business processes

F8: Work with others to improve customer service

F9: Building your organisation’s understanding of its market and customers

F11: Manage the achievement of customer satisfaction

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Unit 32

NVQ unit titles

HNC/D titles

Unit 34

Unit 35

Unit 38

Unit 40

Unit 41

Unit 42

Unit 43

Unit 45

Unit 46

Unit 47

Unit 48

A2: Manage your own resources and professional development

A3: Develop your personal networks

B1: Develop and implement operational plans for your area of responsibility

B6: Provide leadership in your area of responsibility

B8: Ensure compliance with legal, regulatory, ethical and social requirements

B11: Promote equality of opportunity and diversity in your area of responsibility

C2: Encourage innovation in your area of responsibility

C4: Lead change

C5: Plan change

C6: Implement change

D2: Develop productive working relationships with colleagues and stakeholders

D3: Recruit, select and keep colleagues

D6: Allocate and monitor the progress and quality of work in your area of responsibility

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Unit 49

NVQ unit titles

HNC/D titles

Unit 34

Unit 35

Unit 38

Unit 40

Unit 41

Unit 42

Unit 43

Unit 45

Unit 46

Unit 47

Unit 48

D7: Provide learning opportunities for colleagues

D10: Reduce and manage conflict in your team

D11: Lead meetings

E2: Manage finance for your area of responsibility

E6: Ensure health and safety requirements are met in your area of responsibility

E8: Manage physical resources

E9: Manage the environmental impact of your work

E10: Take effective decisions

F1: Manage a project

F2: Manage a programme of complementary projects

F3: Manage business processes

F8: Work with others to improve customer service

F9: Building your organisation’s understanding of its market and customers

F11: Manage the achievement of customer satisfaction

Unit 49

NVQ unit titles

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Level 4 NVQ in Accounting

HNC/D titles

Unit 2

Unit 9

Unit 10

Unit 11

MA1 and MA2: Costing

MA3: Budgeting

MA4: Managing Financial performance

FA 1-4: Financial Accounting

FA5: Drafting Financial Statements

A1: Implementing Audit Procedures

T2: Preparing Business Taxation Computations

T1: Preparing Personal Taxation Computations

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Unit 12

NVQ unit titles

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Level 4 NVQ in Business and Administration

HNC/D titles

Unit 2

Unit 3

Unit 6

Unit 8

Unit 13

Unit 14

Unit 15

Unit 16

Unit 34

Unit 38

Unit 42

Unit 43

Unit 47

401: Carry out your responsibilities at work

402: Work within your business environment

305: Manage and evaluate customer relations

310: Research, analyse and report information

403: Manage an office facility

404: Manage contracts

405: Negotiate and agree budgets

406: Monitor and review the implementation of corporate objectives, strategies and policies

407: Inform and facilitate corporate decision-making

408: Evaluate internal and external factors and promote partnership working

409: Manage risk

410: Create and manage information systems

411: Manage projects

412: Chair meetings

Unit 48

NVQ unit titles

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HNC/D titles

Unit 2

Unit 3

Unit 6

Unit 8

Unit 13

Unit 14

Unit 15

Unit 16

Unit 34

Unit 38

Unit 42

Unit 43

Unit 47

413: Promote innovation and change

414: Develop productive working relationships with colleagues and stakeholders

415: Allocate and monitor the progress and quality of work in your area of responsibility

416: Recruit, select and keep colleagues

417: Provide learning opportunities for colleagues

418: Provide leadership in your area of responsibility

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BH029073 – Edexcel BTEC Levels 4 and 5 Higher Nationals specification in Business – Issue 4 – July 2011 © Edexcel Limited 2011

Unit 48

NVQ unit titles

Level 4 NVQ in Personnel Management

HNC/D titles

Unit 13

Unit 21

Unit 22

Unit 23

P15: Enable and support others to carry out personnel activities

P24: Design, deliver and evaluate procedures to promote equality of opportunity and diversity

P27: Design, deliver and evaluate employee and stakeholder communication procedures

G3: Evaluate and develop own practice

P14: Contribute to the design, delivery and evaluation of work practices

P16: Design, deliver and evaluate recruitment procedures

P17: Design, deliver and evaluate selection procedures

P26: Design, deliver and evaluate employee reward and benefits procedures

P29: Design, deliver and evaluate employee support procedures

P2: Develop a strategy and plan to provide all people resources for the organization

Unit 24

NVQ unit titles

BH029073 – Edexcel BTEC Levels 4 and 5 Higher Nationals specification in Business – Issue 4 – July 2011 © Edexcel Limited 2011

39

HNC/D titles

Unit 13

Unit 21

Unit 22

Unit 23

P19: Design, deliver and evaluate grievance and dismissal procedures

P20: Design, deliver and evaluate redundancy procedures

P21: Design, deliver and evaluate retirement and resignation procedures

P28: Design, deliver and evaluate negotiation and collective bargaining procedures

P8: Develop a strategy and plan for the promotion of equality of opportunity and diversity

P23: Design, deliver and evaluate learning and development procedures

P25: Design, deliver and evaluate performance management procedures

40

Unit 24

NVQ unit titles

BH029073 – Edexcel BTEC Levels 4 and 5 Higher Nationals specification in Business – Issue 4 – July 2011 © Edexcel Limited 2011

Annexe C
Grade descriptors
Pass grade
A pass grade is achieved by meeting all the requirements defined in the assessment criteria for pass for each unit.

Merit grade Merit descriptors Exemplar indicative characteristics
Centres can identify and use other relevant characteristics. This is NOT a tick list. In order to achieve a merit the learner must: The learner’s evidence shows, for example:

•

identify and apply strategies to find appropriate solutions

• • •

effective judgements have been made complex problems with more than one variable have been explored an effective approach to study and research has been applied relevant theories and techniques have been applied a range of methods and techniques have been applied a range of sources of information has been used the selection of methods and techniques/sources has been justified the design of methods/techniques has been justified complex information/data has been synthesised and processed appropriate learning methods/techniques have been applied the appropriate structure and approach has been used coherent, logical development of principles/concepts for the intended audience a range of methods of presentation have been used and technical language has been accurately used communication has taken place in familiar and unfamiliar contexts the communication is appropriate for familiar and unfamiliar audiences and appropriate media have been used.

•

select/design and apply appropriate methods/techniques

• • • • • • •

•

present and communicate appropriate findings

• • • • •

BH029073 – Edexcel BTEC Levels 4 and 5 Higher Nationals specification in Business – Issue 4 – July 2011 © Edexcel Limited 2011

41

Distinction grade Distinction descriptors Exemplar indicative characteristics
Centres can identify and use other relevant characteristics. This is NOT a tick list. In order to achieve a distinction the learner must: The learner’s evidence shows, for example:

•

use critical reflection to evaluate own work and justify valid conclusions

• • • •

conclusions have been arrived at through synthesis of ideas and have been justified the validity of results has been evaluated using defined criteria self-criticism of approach has taken place realistic improvements have been proposed against defined characteristics for success autonomy/independence has been demonstrated substantial activities, projects or investigations have been planned, managed and organised activities have been managed the unforeseen has been accommodated the importance of interdependence has been recognised and achieved ideas have been generated and decisions taken self-evaluation has taken place convergent and lateral thinking have been applied problems have been solved innovation and creative thought have been applied receptiveness to new ideas is evident effective thinking has taken place in unfamiliar contexts.

•

take responsibility for managing and organising activities

• • • • •

•

demonstrate convergent/lateral/ creative thinking

• • • • • • •

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BH029073 – Edexcel BTEC Levels 4 and 5 Higher Nationals specification in Business – Issue 4 – July 2011 © Edexcel Limited 2011

Annexe D
Unit mapping overview
New QCF versions of the Edexcel BTEC Higher National units in Business(specification start date 01/09/2010) mapped against the NQF BTEC Higher National units in Business (specification end date 31/08/2010).

Unit number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22

QCF unit title Business Environment Managing Financial Resources and Decisions Organisations and Behaviour Marketing Principles Aspects of Contract and Negligence for Business Business Decision Making Business Strategy Research Project Management Accounting: Costing and Budgeting Financial Accounting and Reporting Financial Systems and Auditing Taxation Personal and Professional Development Working with and Leading People Managing Business Activities to Achieve Results Managing Communications, Knowledge and Information Marketing Intelligence Advertising and Promotion in Business Marketing Planning Sales Planning and Operations Human Resource Management Managing Human Resources

Maps to NQF unit number 4 2 3 1 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22

Level of similarity between units F F F F P F F P F F F F P P F F F F F F F F

BH029073 – Edexcel BTEC Levels 4 and 5 Higher Nationals specification in Business – Issue 4 – July 2011 © Edexcel Limited 2011

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Unit number 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49

QCF unit title Human Resources Development Employee Relations English Legal System Business Law Further Aspects of Contract and Tort European Law The Internet and E-Business Internet Marketing E-Business Operations Quality Management in Business Small Business Enterprise Operations Management in Business European Business Employment Law Company Law Business Events Management Financial Investment Opportunities Business Work Experience Contemporary Issues in Marketing Management Project Management for Business Administrative Services Business Psychology Business Ethics Corporate Environmental and Social Management Employability Skills Project Design Implementation and Evaluation Work-based Experience

Maps to NQF unit number 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 51 52 53 56 57 58 59 60

Level of similarity between units F F F F F F F P P F F P X F F F F F F F P X P P N N N

KEY P – Partial mapping (some topics from the old unit appear in the new unit) F – Full mapping (topics in old unit match new unit exactly or almost exactly) X – Full mapping + new (all the topics from the old unit appear in the new unit, but new unit also contains new topic(s)) N – New unit

44

BH029073 – Edexcel BTEC Levels 4 and 5 Higher Nationals specification in Business – Issue 4 – July 2011 © Edexcel Limited 2011

Unit mapping in depth

New QCF versions of the Edexcel BTEC Higher National units in Business (specification start date 1/09/2010) mapped against the NQF BTEC Higher National units in Business (specification end date 31/08/2010).

New QCF units Number 4 2 3 1 5 6 7 8 9 Research Project Management Accounting: Costing and Budgeting Business Strategy Business Decision Making Common Law 1 Marketing Organisations and Behaviour Managing Financial Resources and Decisions Business Environment Name

NQF units

Mapping/comments (new topics in italics)

Number

Name

1

Business Environment

Content virtually identical, differences in learning outcomes and assessment criteria for QCF purposes Content virtually identical, differences in learning outcomes and assessment criteria for QCF purposes Content virtually identical, differences in learning outcomes and assessment criteria for QCF purposes Content virtually identical, differences in learning outcomes and assessment criteria for QCF purposes Some differences but content similar Content virtually identical, differences in learning outcomes and assessment criteria for QCF purposes Content virtually identical, differences in learning outcomes and assessment criteria for QCF purposes Some differences but content similar Content virtually identical, differences in learning outcomes and assessment criteria for QCF purposes

2

Managing Financial Resources and Decisions

3

Organisations and Behaviour

4

Marketing Principles

5

Aspects of Contract and Negligence for Business

6

Business Decision Making

7

Business Strategy

8

Research Project

9

Management Accounting: Costing and Budgeting

BH029073 – Edexcel BTEC Levels 4 and 5 Higher Nationals specification in Business – Issue 4 – July 2011 © Edexcel Limited 2011

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New QCF units Number 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 Marketing Planning Sales Planning and Operations Human Resources Management Advertising and Promotion Marketing Intelligence Managing Communications, Knowledge and Information Managing Activities to Achieve Results Working with and Leading People Managing Professional Development Taxation Financial Systems and Auditing Financial Reporting Name

NQF units

Mapping/comments (new topics in italics)

Number

Name

10

Financial Accounting and Reporting

Content virtually identical, differences in learning outcomes and assessment criteria for QCF purposes Content virtually identical, differences in learning outcomes and assessment criteria for QCF purposes Content virtually identical, differences in learning outcomes and assessment criteria for QCF purposes Some differences but content similar Some differences but content similar Content virtually identical, differences in learning outcomes and assessment criteria for QCF purposes Content virtually identical, differences in learning outcomes and assessment criteria for QCF purposes Content virtually identical, differences in learning outcomes and assessment criteria for QCF purposes Content virtually identical, differences in learning outcomes and assessment criteria for QCF purposes Content virtually identical, differences in learning outcomes and assessment criteria for QCF purposes Content virtually identical, differences in learning outcomes and assessment criteria for QCF purposes Content virtually identical, differences in learning outcomes and assessment criteria for QCF purposes

11

Financial Systems and Auditing

12

Taxation

13

Personal and Professional Development

14

Working with and Leading People

15

Managing Business Activities to Achieve Results

16

Managing Communications, Knowledge and Information

17

Marketing Intelligence

18

Advertising and Promotion in Business

19

Marketing Planning

20

Sales Planning and Operations

21

Human Resource Management

46

BH029073 – Edexcel BTEC Levels 4 and 5 Higher Nationals specification in Business – Issue 4 – July 2011 © Edexcel Limited 2011

New QCF units Number 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 42 43 E-Business Operations Quality Management Small Business Enterprise Internet Marketing Introduction to the Internet and EBusiness European Law Common Law II Business Law English Legal System Employee Relations Human Resources Development Managing Human Resources Name

NQF units

Mapping/comments (new topics in italics)

Number

Name

22

Managing Human Resources

Content virtually identical, differences in learning outcomes and assessment criteria for QCF purposes Content virtually identical, differences in learning outcomes and assessment criteria for QCF purposes Content virtually identical, differences in learning outcomes and assessment criteria for QCF purposes Content virtually identical, differences in learning outcomes and assessment criteria for QCF purposes Content virtually identical, differences in learning outcomes and assessment criteria for QCF purposes Content virtually identical, differences in learning outcomes and assessment criteria for QCF purposes Content virtually identical, differences in learning outcomes and assessment criteria for QCF purposes Content virtually identical, differences in learning outcomes and assessment criteria for QCF purposes Some similar content, but this has been updated in line with new technology Some differences, but content similar Content virtually identical, differences in learning outcomes and assessment criteria for QCF purposes Content virtually identical, differences in learning outcomes and assessment criteria for QCF purposes

23

Human Resources Development

24

Employee Relations

25

English Legal System

26

Business Law

27

Further Aspects of Contract and Tort

28

European Law

29

The Internet and E-Business

30

Internet Marketing

31

E-Business Operations

32

Quality Management in Business

33

Small Business Enterprise

BH029073 – Edexcel BTEC Levels 4 and 5 Higher Nationals specification in Business – Issue 4 – July 2011 © Edexcel Limited 2011

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New QCF units Number 44 45 46 47 48 51 52 53 56 57 58 Administrative Services Business Psychology Project Management Contemporary Issues in Marketing Management Industry Experience Investment Administrative Practices and Procedures Company Law Employment Law European Business Operations Management Some differences, but content similar Name

NQF units

Mapping/comments (new topics in italics)

Number

Name

34

Operations Management in Business

35

European Business

Some similar content, but new topic on International Trade and the Balance of Payments Content virtually identical, differences in learning outcomes and assessment criteria for QCF purposes Content virtually identical, differences in learning outcomes and assessment criteria for QCF purposes Content virtually identical, differences in learning outcomes and assessment criteria for QCF purposes Content virtually identical, differences in learning outcomes and assessment criteria for QCF purposes Content virtually identical, differences in learning outcomes and assessment criteria for QCF purposes Content virtually identical, differences in learning outcomes and assessment criteria for QCF purposes Content virtually identical, differences in learning outcomes and assessment criteria for QCF purposes Content virtually identical, differences in learning outcomes and assessment criteria for QCF purposes Some similar content, but new topic on Impact of change in business

36

Employment Law

37

Company Law

38

Business Events Management

39

Financial Investment Opportunities

40

Business Work Experience

41

Contemporary Issues in Marketing Management

42

Project Management for Business

43

Administrative Services

44

Business Psychology

48

BH029073 – Edexcel BTEC Levels 4 and 5 Higher Nationals specification in Business – Issue 4 – July 2011 © Edexcel Limited 2011

New QCF units Number 59 60 New unit New unit New unit Environmental Management Some differences, but content similar Business Ethics Some differences, but content similar Name

NQF units

Mapping/comments (new topics in italics)

Number

Name

45

Business Ethics

46

Corporate Environmental and Social Management

47

Employability Skills

48

Project Design Implementation and Evaluation

49

Work-based Experience

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50

BH029073 – Edexcel BTEC Levels 4 and 5 Higher Nationals specification in Business – Issue 4 – July 2011 © Edexcel Limited 2011

Annexe E
Calculation of the qualification grade
Pass qualification grade
Learners who achieve the minimum eligible credit value specified by the rule of combination will achieve the qualification at pass grade (see section Rules of combination for the Edexcel BTEC Levels 4 and 5 Higher National qualifications).

Qualification grades above pass grade
Learners will be awarded a merit or distinction qualification grade by the aggregation of points gained through the successful achievement of individual units. The graded section of both qualifications is based on the learner’s best performance in units at the level or above of the qualification to the value of 75 credits. The number of points available is dependent on the unit grade achieved and the credit size of the unit (as shown in the ‘Points available per credit at specified unit grades’ table below).

Points available per credit at specified unit grades
Points per credit Pass 0 Merit 1 Distinction 2

Qualification grades
Edexcel BTEC Level 4 HNC Points range 0-74 75-149 150 Edexcel BTEC Level 5 HND Points range 0-74 75-149 150 Grade Pass Merit Distinction P M D Grade Pass Merit Distinction P M D

4898seb240611\Z:\LT\PD\HIGH NATIONALS 2010\HNS ISSUE 4 SPECS\BH029073 HNCD L45 IN BUSINESS SPECIFICATION ISSUE 4.DOC.1-59/1

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Examples of possible learner profiles of the best 75 credits at the level of the qualification or above. These tables fit both HNC and HND qualifications. Unit grade
Pass Merit Distinction

Credits achieved at each unit grade
30 30 15

Points per credit
0 1 2 Total Qualification grade

Points scored
0 30 30 60 Pass

Unit grade
Pass Merit Distinction

Credits achieved at each unit grade
15 45 15

Points per credit
0 1 2 Total Qualification grade

Points scored
0 45 30 75 Merit

Unit grade
Pass Merit Distinction

Credits achieved at each unit grade
30 15 30

Points per credit
0 1 2 Total Qualification grade

Points scored
0 15 60 75 Merit

Unit grade
Pass Merit Distinction

Credits achieved at each unit grade
0 15 60

Points per credit
0 1 2 Total Qualification grade

Points scored
0 15 120 135 Merit

Unit grade
Pass Merit Distinction

Credits achieved at each unit grade
0 0 75

Points per credit
0 1 2 Total Qualification grade

Points scored
0 0 150 150 Distinction

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BH029073 – Edexcel BTEC Levels 4 and 5 Higher Nationals specification in Business – Issue 4 – July 2011 © Edexcel Limited 2011

L3-Product with no spine:

LEVEL

Our most advanced specification to date

First - Vectora Ltd Standard 95 Blk

This new BTEC Higher Nationals specification has been completely revised L2-Product with spine: and updated to bring it into line with the requirements of the Qualifications and Credit Framework (QCF), which comes into force from September 2010. All the units and qualifications covered in the specification have been reviewed by industry representatives and approved by the relevant Sector Skills Council. This means they are recognised as fit for purpose as high level vocational and work-related qualifications. Each unit in the new specification is allocated a level and a credit value. Each unit in the specification has clearly stated learning outcomes and assessment criteria, so it is clear from the outset what learners must be able to do to achieve the unit. BTEC Qualifications covered by this specification: • Edexcel BTEC Level 4 HNC Diploma in Business • Edexcel BTEC Level 5 HND Diploma in Business • Edexcel BTEC Level 5 HND Diploma in Business (Accounting) • Edexcel BTEC Level 5 HND Diploma in Business (Human Resources) • Edexcel BTEC Level 5 HND Diploma in Business (Law) • Edexcel BTEC Level 5 HND Diploma in Business (Management) • Edexcel BTEC Level 5 HND Diploma in Business (Marketing) A copy of this specification can be found online at: www.btec.co.uk
L3-Product with spine:

Acknowledgements This specification has been produced by Edexcel following consultation with tutors, verifiers, Sector Skills Councils, consultants and other interested parties. Edexcel would like to thank those who contributed their time and expertise to its development. References References in this guide to third-party materials are made in good faith. Edexcel does not endorse, approve or accept responsibility for the content of materials, which may be subject to change, or any opinions expressed therein. Authorised by Roger Beard, Edexcel Limited. All the material in this publication is copyright © Edexcel Limited 2011 Edexcel 190 High Holborn, London WC1V 7BH Tel: 0844 576 0026 Email: btec@edexcel.com www.edexcel.com www.btec.co.uk Product code: BH029073