...The differences between the genders’ approaches towards intimacy and interpersonal bonds is one that continues to be extensively studied in psychology. Gender has always provided us with a perspective through which we interpret the world, mainly love and sexuality. These two aforementioned features are intricately entwined and have heavily influenced much of extant research which attempts to explain the impact of love and sexuality on a sociobiological level and on the formation of gender expectations. This essay aims to investigate and explain how attitudes with respect to relationships are affected by gender. In order to achieve this, a compilation of studies that assess the correlation between interpersonal relationships and gender will be considered. Finally, the essay will discuss possible ideas for future development in this field. Although a fine line exists between love, lust and attraction, these three components are often misinterpreted for one another. The need to belong is an evolutionary human instinct, and one that characterises an individual’s chances of survival. It is essential to acknowledge the common attributes of the three preceding elements which determine relationship statuses, so a clearer understanding can be achieved when considering the dissimilarities in attitudes between the genders. Conventionally, love has always been thought to be undemanding and trivial whereas attraction, or borderline infatuation, is affiliated with connections on a deeper...
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...Utilitarianism? 2. You are an inmate in a concentration camp. A sadistic guard is about to hang your son who tried to escape and wants you to pull the chair from underneath him. He says that if you don't he will not only kill your son but some other innocent inmate as well. You don't have any doubt that he means what he says. What should you do according to Aristotle’s Virtue Based Ethics? 3. John decides to go back to school and takes several continuing education courses at Brandeis University. In an advanced math class he repeatedly makes the remark that "Women just aren't as good in this field as men," creating a hostile learning environment for his female classmates. John is asked to appear before the Judicial Board and is found to be in violation of the University's speech code and is asked to withdraw for two semesters. John insists that his constitutional right to free speech has been violated. Is he right according Kantian based ethics? 4. Please explain fascism in your own word 5. Philosophy: our text book is roots of wisdom by Helen Buss Mitchell Essay: write one page for this essay 4. Ought you to be a “good or right” individual? (Should we follow virtue or duty based ethics) Please justify your thesis by creating a detailed proof for your system of choice and remember these concepts may be mutually...
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...behavior may help to resolve its inconsistency. To resolve this inconsistency we will evaluate two evolutionary approaches to emotion, discuss how linking these emotions to specific problems work, and argue that the findings are consistent with the claim that the emotions often display evidence of being intended to help, rather than deter. EVOLUTIONARY THEORIES OF EMOTION Over the years there have been several adaptive-evolutionary treatments of emotion that have developed ( Ekman & Davidson, 1994), there are several evolutionary approaches but the psychological evolutionary approach distinguishes itself by implementing an overtly adaptationist perception (Barkow, Cosmides, & Tooby, 1992). According to research conducted by Buss, Halelton, Shackelford, Bleske, &Wakefeild (1999) adaptionist seem to think that the mind is made up of countless psychological adaptions, which is said to produce natural and sexual selection over several generations throughout human evolution. Emotions can be affective by the ways humans think and behave (Clore, Schwarz, & Conway, 1994). Throughout the years evolutionary approaches for emotions and social decision making changed from hypothetical models to empirical investigations. One of the theoretical approaches used in emotion and decision making is experimental economics which is used to explore theoretic aspects of emotions. Another approach claims that emotions are superordinate programs that organize human’s way of thinking...
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...cut risk of death from heart failure. (1993, July 15). The Washington Post, p. A12. Daily newspaper article, discontinuous pages: Schwartz, J. (1993, September 30). Obesity affects economic, social status. The Washington Post, pp. A1, A4-5. Monthly newspaper article, letter to the editor: Markovitz, M. C. (1993, May). Inpatient vs. outpatient [Letter to the editor]. APA Monitor, p.3. REFERENCES TO BOOKS One author: Shaller, G. B. (1993). The last panda. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Two or more authors, Jr. in name, third edition: Mitchell, T. R., & Larson, J. R., Jr. (1987). People in organizations: An introduction to organizational behavior (3rd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill. Corporate author: National Head Start Association. (1990). Head Start: The nation's pride, a nation's challenge. Report of the Silver Ribbon Panel. Alexandria, VA: Author. Unknown author: The Times Atlas of the World (9th ed.). (1992). New York: Times Books. Editors: Fox, R. W., & Lears, T. J. J. (Eds.). (1993). The power of culture: Critical essays in American history. Chicago: University of Chicago...
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... The special issue is divided into 4 sections: evolutionary perspectives, positive personal traits, implications for mental and physical health, and fostering excellence. As the editors and several authors point out, positive psychology has significant implications for improving the quality of personal and professional life through applications on both individual and societal levels. The first of the 4 sections includes 2 ambitious articles that examine positive psychology within an evolutionary framework. In “The Evolution of Happiness” David Buss offers 3 hypotheses to explain why positive states of mind are so often elusive: first, the discrepancies between modern and ancestral environments; second, mechanisms evolved that are “designed” to produce subjective distress (i.e., functional jealousy and worry); and third, competitive mechanisms evolved that function to benefit 1 person at the expense of others. In contrast to Buss' biologically based evolutionary arguments, Massimini and...
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...[pic] MODULE: PEOPLE, MANAGEMENT AND ORGANISATIONS MODULE CODE: BUSS 1141 (Queens) Module Handbook 2015/2016 PLEASE RETAIN THIS HANDBOOK FOR FUTURE REFERENCE. IT MAY BE REQUIRED FOR SUBMISSION TO PROFESSIONAL BODIES WHEN APPLYING FOR EXEMPTION FROM EXAMINATIONS. PEOPLE, MANAGEMENT & ORGANISATIONS BUSS 1141 Queens 2015/2016 CONTENTS TEACHING STAFF 3 STUDENT CENTRED LEARNING 4 TEXTBOOKS 5 GUIDANCE ON USING WEB MATERIAL 5 SCHEDULE 6 FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT 9 SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT 9 ASSESSMENT CRITERIA 9 This handbook is intended for the guidance of students taking this module in 2015/2016. Whilst the details contained in this handbook represent teaching staff intentions at the time of writing, it is in the nature of Higher Education that some module information may be subject to modifications during the teaching of a module. Teaching staff reserve the right to make such minor changes in the matters covered by this publication and will endeavour to publicise any such changes as widely and in as timely a manner as possible. PEOPLE, MANAGEMENT & ORGANISATIONS 2015/2016 TEACHING STAFF MODULE LEADER: Professor Susan Miller (SM) s.j.miller@durham.ac.uk tel: 0191 334 0223 TEACHING TEAM: Dr. Carole Elliott (CE) c.j.elliott@durham.ac.uk tel: 0191 334 5553 Mr. Peter...
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...Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 1998, Vol. 74, No. 5, 1337-1349 Copyright 1998 by the American Psychological Association, Inc. 0022-3514/98/$3.00 Do People Know How They Behave? Self-Reported Act Frequencies Compared With On-Line Codings by Observers Samuel D. Gosling, Oliver E John, and Kenneth H. Craik University of California, Berkeley Richard W. Robins University of California, Davis Behavioral acts constitute the building blocks of interpersonal perception and the basis for inferences about personality traits. How reliably can observers code the acts individuals perform in a specific situation? How valid are retrospective self-reports of these acts? Participants interacted in a groupdiscussion task and then reported their act frequencies, which were later coded by observers from videotapes. For each act, observer-observer agreement, self-observer agreement, and self-enhancement bias were examined. Findings show that (a) agreement varied greatly across acts; (b) much of this variation was predictable from properties of the acts (observability, base rate, desirability, Big Five domain); (c) on average, self-reports were positively distorted; and (d) this was particularly true for narcissistic individuals. Discussion focuses on implications for research on acts, traits, social perception, and the act frequency approach. "You interrupted my mother at least three times this morning" exclaims Roger. "That's not true," responds Julia, " I only interrupted...
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...other model answers too for the other topics in Psya3 and Psya4. But enough about me - you can learn about me in more depth on my website - lets get on with the show and onto the the overview of this topic, structuring and the model answers themselves too. S ECTION 1 Memorising Your Model Answers This is going to be pretty much your hardest task and with the help of this book hopefully it becomes more manageable. People have various ways they memorise things and it is entirely up to you. Memorising Essays U SING A CRONYMS + P RACTICE The method of memorising the essays is the same across all my model essay answers. I employ the concept of “chunking” alongside the use of “acronyms”. Combined this helped me memorise all the essay answers for every possible question. If you haven’t read my previous books the following extract explains how the method works but you should do what works for you ultimately. Practice and constantly re-writing the essays is unfortunately part of it and theres nothing that can be done to avoid this - theres no magic cure to skip hard work. For myself; I personally...
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...Arab Open University Tutor Marked Assignment (TMA) Academic Year 2015 - 2016 | Semester: First | Branch:kuwait | Program: Business Studies | Course Title: Business functions in context II | Course Code:B203B | Student Name:Waleed Khalid ali alshaikh | Student ID: 131876 | Section Number: | Tutor Name: | Mark details | Allocated Marks | Questions | Essay Question | Total (100) | | Weight | 100 | | | Marks | | | | Deduction | Criteria | Presentation(0-4) | Referencing(0-4) | Word Count(0-4) | E-Library(0-4) | Total deduction (0-16) | | Marks | | | | | | 100 | Student’s Total Mark (total marks – total deductions) | | Notes on plagiarism: A. According to the Arab Open University By-laws, “the following acts represent cases of cheating and Plagiarism: * Verbatim copying of printed material and submitting them as part of TMAs without proper academic acknowledgement and documentation. * Verbatim copying of material from the Internet, including tables and graphics. * Copying other students’ notes or reports. * Using paid or unpaid material prepared for the student by individuals or firms. B. Penalties for plagiarism ranges from failure in the TMA to expulsion from the university. Declaration: I hereby declare that the submitted TMA is my own work and I have not copied any other person’s work or plagiarized in any other form as specified above. Student Signature ...
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...ASSESSMENT FRONT SHEET LONDON SCHOOL OF COMMMERCE AND IT Programme: BTEC Higher National Diploma in Business Unit Title: Business Environment Unit Code-: Y/601/0546 Credit Value: 15 QCF Level: 4 Module Tutor: Dr. M K Newaz Email: mknewaz@yahoo.com SCOPE OF THE COURSEWORK Learning outcomes and criteria covered by this assignment: • All pass criteria (P1-P12) • All merit descriptors (M1-M3) • All distinction descriptors (D1-D3) Key dates Distribution date: 15/09/2014 Submission date: 12/12/2014 Introduction The aims of this assignment are to measure the outcome of students’ learning in terms of knowledge acquired, understanding developed and skills or abilities gained in relation to achieve the learning outcomes. This assignment contains a real life scenario of a firm, which is already in the market for long and practicing business under nearly perfect competitions. You are expected to write an assignment analysing different factors which affects a business organisation and what are their short term and long term effects. While doing so you need to take in account the different Govt policies and their impact on the business. Assignment criteria PASS CRITERIA 1.1 Identify the purposes of different types of organization (P1) 1.2 Describe the extent to which an organisation meets the objectives of different stakeholders (P2) 1.3 Explain the responsibilities of an organisation...
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...achieved its independence on 31st August 1957, it adopted federal system of government. A federal government is formed by a combination of states or provinces in a federation, give some of their powers to the federal government and some of them are remained. Thus, this lead to the existence of more than one level of government; federal level, state level and local level have formed the federal system of government. Malaysia has 13 states and three federal territories. As Malaysia is a constitutional monarchy, Federal Constitution (FC) becomes the most supreme law of Malaysia and everyone must adhere to it. The concept of separation of power divided the power of government into three branches as stated in the FC; Executive (Part IV Chapter 3, Articles 39-43), Legislature (Part IV, Chapter 4, Articles 44-65) and Judiciary (Part IX Articles 121-131). Basically, the Executive body will formulate policy and ensures it is properly implemented, the Legislative will make law and the Judiciary will apply the law and settle dispute. In order of superiority, executive body is being the first, followed by legislature and lastly the judiciary. Here, the Executive, Legislature and Judiciary will be discussed and elaborated further to gain more understanding about the body of government respectively. THE EXECUTIVE. Executive generally defined as a body of government that is responsible for executing the laws, determine the general rules, appoint officials and oversee the administration...
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...The Big-Five Trait Taxonomy: History, Measurement, and Theoretical Perspectives Oliver P. John and Sanjay Srivastava University of California at Berkeley Running head: Big Five Trait Taxonomy Final draft: March 5, 1999 Author's Address: Oliver P. John Department of Psychology University of California, MC 1650 Berkeley, CA 94720-1650 W: (510) 642-2178; H: 540-7159; Fax: 643-9334 Email: ojohn@socrates.berkeley.edu; sanjays@socrates.berkeley.edu To appear in L. Pervin and O.P. John (Eds.), Handbook of personality: Theory and research (2nd ed.). New York: Guilford (in press). 2 Taxonomy is always a contentious issue because the world does not come to us in neat little packages (S. J. Gould, 1981, p. 158). Personality has been conceptualized from a variety of theoretical perspectives, and at various levels of abstraction or breadth (John, Hampson, & Goldberg, 1991; McAdams, 1995). Each of these levels has made unique contributions to our understanding of individual differences in behavior and experience. However, the number of personality traits, and scales designed to measure them, escalated without an end in sight (Goldberg, 1971). Researchers, as well as practitioners in the field of personality assessment, were faced with a bewildering array of personality scales from which to choose, with little guidance and no overall rationale at hand. What made matters worse was that scales with the same name often measure concepts that are not the same, and scales with different...
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...3 Åsta Øvregaard, Sissel Robbins, Birte Hillestad, Olaf Husby Norwegian on the Web 4 2011 © Åsta Øvregaard, Sissel Robbins, Birte Hillestad, Olaf Husby Trykk: NTNU-trykk, Trondheim 5 Norwegian on the Web - NoW What kind of course? NoW is an online course in Norwegian at entry level, where all the teaching aids are integrated on a website, free of charge. NOW is developed at Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, by experienced teachers. For whom? NoW is open to all who want to learn Norwegian. The course is also specially designed for foreign students studying at NTNU. The latter can get a wider range of services with classroom instruction. As a student at NTNU, you can apply for admission to the classroom courses and access to exams. NTNU offers Norwegian language courses at several levels, from entry to advanced level. Some beginner courses are offered in conjunction with NoW, others use different teaching aids. Read more on http://www.ntnu.edu/norwegiancourse Where? You will find Norwegian on the Web at http://www.ntnu.edu/now/intro What will you learn? Part 1 (chapter 1-6) leads to knowledge equivalent to level A1 of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages: Learning, Teaching, Assessment (CEFR)1. Part 2 (chapter 7-10) leads to skills at level A2. After completing the A1 level the students should understand and be able to use familiar everyday expressions and very basic phrases aimed at the satisfaction...
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...the third leading cause of preventable death (after active smoking and alcohol), according to the Manitoba Medical Association. They also say that the smoke contains over 4,000 chemicals, 50 of which are known to be cancer-related. Secondhand smoke has been linked to heart and respiratory disease; lung, breast, cervical, and nasal sinus cancers; strokes and miscarriages. In children, dangers include sudden infant death syndrome, fetal growth impairment, bronchitis, pneumonia, asthma and middle-ear disease. People who smoke subject themselves to deadly diseases, as well as long- and short-term health problems. Non-smokers should not have to live with the consequences of smokers' actions. http://www.publishyourarticles.net/knowledge-hub/essay/an-essay-on-should-smoking-be-banned-in-public-places.html Many surveys, studies and scientific research has proved that smoking is injurious to health. Smoke is unhealthy and suffocating. It pollutes the environment. There are two types of smokers - active and passive. The person who smokes is active and other who are near to him and inhale the smoke are passive smokers. Both are equally affected by the ill effects of smoking. Smokers and non-smokers meet at many places like offices, buses, hotels, etc. So, considering the bad effects of smoking on individual's health, environment as well as individual rights, it should be banned in public places. A person who wants to smoke can do so by keeping himself in isolation. The smoking of cigarette...
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...McDonald’s: Behind The Golden Arches “Since 1955, we’ve been proud to serve the world some of its favourite food. And along the way, we’ve managed not just to live history, but create it: from drive-thru restaurants to Chicken McNuggets to college credits from Hamburger U and much more. It’s been quite the journey, and we promise this is just the beginning-we’ve got our hearts set on making more history” (McDonald’s Corporation, 2011). Almost 60 years have passed since Raymond Kroc envisioned a nationwide fast food chain, which needless to say went on to revolutionise the American restaurant industry and become the world’s number #1 fast food restaurant. Today McDonald’s serves 52 million people a day from one of its 31,000 restaurants dotted around the world (Ritabrata Giiosii, R.G. 2009). The golden arches along with Ronald McDonald and the catch phrase “I’m lovin’ it” have assisted McDonald’s in becoming one of the most globally recognised brands, allowing them to become McDonald’s most valuable intangible assets, but how did they do it? Countless elements threaten McDonald’s reputation; health issues, legal and technological changes, social factors, environmentalists and obviously competitors especially those who offer similar services and products such as KFC. They too have become a national brand recognized all around the world however to understand how McDonalds have achieved such success we must first understand what they do differently and what objectives...
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