...Decide were to apply ACL and in which directions. There for I will place the access list on F0/0 of 2811 the nearest port of 182.64.0.0 R1>enable R1#configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z R1 (config) # access-list 101 deny ip host 182.64.0.0 182.62.0.0 0.0.0.0 R1 (config) # access-list 101 permit ip any any R1 (config) # interface fast Ethernet 0/0 R1 (config-if) # ip access-group 101 in R1 (config - if) # exit R1 (config) # Now I will block host to network R1 (config) # access-list 102 deny ip host 182.64.0.0 182.62.0.0 255.255.255.255 R1 (config) # access-list 102 permit ip any any R1 (config) # interface fast Ethernet 0/0 R1 (config-if) # ip access-group 102 in R1 (config - if) # exit R1 (config) # Block all telnet R1 (config) # access-list 104 deny ip host 182.64.0.0 182.62.0.0 0.0 0.0.0.0 eq23 R1 (config) # access-list 104 deny ip any any eq23 R1 (config) # access-list 104 permit ip any any R1 (config) # interface fast 0/0 R1 (config-if) # ip access-group 104 in R1 (config - if) # exit Block all ftp traffic R1 (config) # access-list 103 deny ip host 182.64.0.0 182.62.0.0 0.0 0.0.0.0 eq23 R1 (config) # access-list 103 deny ip any any eq23 R1 (config) # access-list 103 permit ip any any R1 (config) # interface Ethernet 0/0 R1 (config-if) # ip access-group 103 in R1 (config - if) # exit Reference Cisco. (n.d.). Configuring Commonly Used IP ACLs. Retrieved from http://www...
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...INTRODUCTION TO STRUCTURED CABLING Compiled by Sonam Dukda Division of Information Technology Ministry of Communication September 2000 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 2 INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................... 4 NETWORKING ............................................................................................................................. 5 2.1 Objectives ................................................................................................................................ 5 2.2 Choice of Software and Hardware........................................................................................... 5 3 NETWORKING TRENDS ............................................................................................................. 6 4 STANDARDS................................................................................................................................. 6 4.1 International Standards ............................................................................................................ 6 4.2 Industry Standards. .................................................................................................................. 6 4.3 Structured Cabling standards................................................................................................... 6 4.4 Highlights of the EIA/TIA-568A standards.................................................
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...Fritz Dorcelus _ Physical Networking Cable Structure Week 3 assignment 1-What are the most common cables used today? Unshielded twisted-pair (UTP), shielded or screened twisted-pair (STP or ScTP), coaxial, and fiber-optic (FO) 2. Simply installing STP cabling does not guarantee that you will improve a cable’s immunity EMI or reduce the emissions from the cable. What are several critical conditions must be satisfied to achieve good shield performance? * The shield must be electrically continuous along the whole link. * All components in the link must be shielded. No UTP patch cords can be used. * The shield must fully enclose the pair, and the overall shield must fully enclose the core. Any gap in the shield covering is a source of EMI leakage. * The shield must be grounded at both ends of the link, and the building grounding system must conform to grounding standards (such as J-STD-607-A). 3. What are the distinct advantages of fiber optic? • Transmission distances are much greater than with copper cable. • Bandwidth is dramatically higher than with copper. • Fiber optic is not susceptible to outside EMI or crosstalk interference, nor does it generate EMI or crosstalk. • Fiber-optic cable is much more secure than copper cable because it is extremely difficult to monitor, “eavesdrop on,” or tap a fiber cable. 4. Cable bandwidth is a function of three interrelated, major elements. What are these major elements? Distance, Frequency, and Signal-level-to-noise-level...
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...the members interested in developing a particular standard. b) ANSI standards include, SCSI interface specifications, programming language specifications, and specifications for character sets. c) ANSI helped to coordinate the efforts of the Electronic Industries Alliance (EIA) and the Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA) to develop ANSI/TIA/EIA-568, the cabling specification in the United States. 2) Electronic Industries Alliance (EIA) d) The Electronic Industries Alliance (EIA) was originally known as the Radio Manufacturers Association. Since then, the EIA has evolved into an organization that represents a wide variety of electronics manufacturers. e) The EIA is organized along specific product and market lines that allow each EIA sector to be responsive to its specific needs. These sectors include components, consumer electronics, electronic information, industrial electronics, government, and telecommunications. f) The EIA (along with the TIA) was the driving force behind the original ANSI/TIA/EIA-568 Commercial Building Telecommunications Cabling Standard. 3) Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA) g) The Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA) is a trade organization that consists of a membership of over 1,100 telecommunications and electronics companies. The TIA membership manufactures and distributes virtually all the telecommunication products used in the world today. h) TIA’s mission is...
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...1. Application: Application is the term used within the Information Technology industry to reference software. The software can be for the end user which is known as the application software or it can be a Systems application software. 2. Unshielded twisted-pair: UTP, is also known as Category 5, and or Category 6. Consisting of 2 twisted pair of copper wire. UTP is the main type of cable used in LAN topography. 3. Shielded Twisted-Pair: Is similar to UTP, the main difference is that it is has an additional layer of shielding, this shield helps in preventing EMI, and other interference. STP is great application when a cable is being applied near power lines, metal pipes and is not in protected by plenum or conduit. 4. Fiber Optic Cable: Is a great long distance cable. There is Single mode, in which laser is transmitted and there is multimode, in which LED is transmitted. Both fiber cables are use to cover great distances up to allow data to traverse the fiber optic cable near the speed of light. 5. Dark Fiber is fiber optic cable is this idle and is not currently being used. 6. Coaxial Cable is an older cable that has a grounding copper core that is surrounded by a plastic protective insulating sheath, and then a protective grounding shield, and then there is the black outer protective plastic covering. 7. Plenum is a space or area that is intentional provided to allow for cables, pipes, tubing and other various plumbing. This space is typically...
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...Physical Networking Unit 2 Assignment 1. The American National Standards Institute is a private non-profit organization that oversees the development of voluntary consensus standards for products, services, processes, systems, and personnel in the United States. The organization also coordinates U.S. standards with international standards so that American products can be used worldwide. For example, standards ensure that people who own cameras can find the film they need for that camera anywhere around the globe. ANSI accredits standards that are developed by representatives of standards developing organizations, government agencies, consumer groups, companies, and others. These standards ensure that the characteristics and performance of products are consistent, that people use the same definitions and terms, and that products are tested the same way. ANSI also accredits organizations that carry out product or personnel certification in accordance with requirements defined in international standards. 2. The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE, read I-Triple-E) is a non-profit professional association headquartered in New York City that is dedicated to advancing technological innovation and excellence. It has more than 400,000 members in more than 160 countries, about 51.4% of whom reside in the United States. IEEE is one of the leading standards-making organizations in the world. IEEE performs its standards making and maintaining functions through the...
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...Chapter 2: Cabling Specifications and Standards The Bottom Line Chapter 2: Cabling Specifications and Standards The Bottom Line Identify the key elements of the ANSI/TIA-568-C Commercial Building Master It 1. Which subsection of the ANSI/TIA-568-C standard would you reference for UTP cabling performance parameters? Answer: TIA-568-C.2 2. Which subsection of ANSI/TIA-568-C standard would you reference for optical fiber cabling and component performance parameters? Answer: TIA-568-C.3 3. What is the recommended multimode fiber type per the ANSI/TIA-568-C.1 standard for backbone cabling? Answer: 850nm (laser optimized) 50/125 micron multimode fiber 4. Which is typically a more expensive total optical fiber system solution; single-mode or multimode? Answer: Single-mode 5. The ANSI/TIA-568-C.1 standard breaks structured cabling into six areas. What are these areas? Answer: (1) horizontal cabling (2) backbone cabling (3) work area (4) telecommunications rooms and enclosures (5) equipment rooms (6) entrance facility Identify other ANSI/TIA/EIA standards required to properly design the pathways and spaces and grounding of a cabling system. Master It: Which other TIA standards need to be followed for: 1. Pathways and spaces? Answer: ANSI/TIA-569-B 2. Grounding and bonding? Answer: J-STD-607-A 3. Data Centers? ...
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...Chapter 2 NT1230 10/3/2014 1. When was the first major standard describing a structured cabling system released? c. 1995 2. What doe EIA and TIA stand for? i. EIA – Electronics Industries Alliance ii. TIA – Telecommunications Industry Association 3. What are the three parts of the EIA/TIA 568-B standard? i. EIA/TIA-568-B.1: Commercial Cabling Standard, Master Document ii. EIA/TIA-568-B.2: Twisted-pair Media iii. EIA/TIA-568-B.3: Optical Fiber Cabling Standard 4. Identify the six subsystems of a structured cabling system. i. Building Entrance (Also called (EF) Entrance Facilities) ii. Equipment Room (ER) iii. Telecommunications Closet (Also called (TR) Telecommunications Room or (TE) Telecommunications Enclosure) iv. Backbone Cabling v. Horizontal Cabling vi. Work Area 5. Which subsystem does permanent networking cabling within a building belong to? i. Backbone Cabling 6. What is a cross-connect? i. Cross-connect – A space where you are going to take one or multiple cables and connect them to one or more cables or equipment. 7. What is the main cross-connect? i. Main Cross-Connect (MC) – Usually connects two or more buildings and is typically the central telecommunications connection point for a campus or building. It is also called the Main Distribution Frame (MDF) or Main Equipment Room. The MC connects to telco, an ISP, and so...
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...Adrian Howley Classical Argument Reporting earthquakes are very critical to studying the behavior of tectonic plates. The very first recorded earthquake occurred in the year 1831 B.C. and is currently known today as the 526 Antioch Earthquake. The area affected was Antioch, China (located between the Syria and Turkey regions). Not much is known about how the report was formed. However, this historic report did include information about how the aftershocks lasted for twelve months. Other details from this report indicate that the death toll is around 250,000 to 300,000 casualties. Scientists today can only prove that the earthquake occurred between May 20 and May 29 (date translated from B.C. to Calendar Year). The first instrument to measure the seismic waves of earthquakes was invented by Charles F. Richter at the California Institute of Technology. (Bellis, 2013) He introduced his new instrument called the Richter scale, to the world of science. His invention allows scientists today to study the mechanics behind earthquakes and locate the epicenter to which the natural disaster originated. The largest earthquake recorded by the Richter scale was measured on May 22, 1960 at a magnitude of 9.5. The quake resulted in 1,886 deaths, 2,000,000 homeless, and $1,175,000,000 total in damages. (“The Largest Earthquake”, [PDF file]) If we want to see these large numbers slide down to zero, the impossible will need to be challenged by science. Skyscrapers are buildings consisting...
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...Building the Burj Khalifa: Main: Chronological order 200 Mechanical, electrical and plumbing: air conditioning (temperature), 300 Safety – (getting everyone out) refuge rooms 300 Elevators– mention of transition from steam to motor and latched systems and electrical brakes and coping with load 100 Spire 100 Maintenance - Broadcast and communications floors, Mechanical Floors Conc: How it has progressed engineering and enabled more (buttress structure). Future plans – The kingdom Tower in Saudi (1km into the sky) Building potential: Space elevator, new arising problems, strength of materials, what that would mean and enable if possible. Throughout history, progression and advancement in technology has fundamentally separated us from our evolutionary antecedents, enabling a life of greater comfort, extravagance and an increased ability to procreate and sustain ourselves. This improvement is especially apparent in the world of architecture and civil engineering, where there has been an unremitting ambition to surpass the existing boundaries, particularly with regards to height. The most renowned early example of a structure where height was key are the Pyramids of Giza where elevation was crucial in order to radiate power and divine authority. The tallest pyramid, standing at 146.5m, was built more than 4500 years ago, and remained the tallest manmade structure for the next 3800 years, until the 1300s when Lincoln Cathedral was built topping it by only 13.5m [1][2]...
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...western hemisphere. High building consists of approximately 104 standard floor is 541 meters. This building was opened in November 2014. One World Trade Center (Freedom Tower) looks like a pyramid when viewed from the road surface near to the building, as seen in the image of the building. https://timedotcom.files.wordpress.com 7. Taipe 101 (509m) This building is located in Taipei, Taiwan. Height of the building is 509 m with the total floors are 101. In many cases, the building is recognized as one of the most advanced skyscrapers in the world. One of the superiorities of this building is having a fiber-optic and internet connection satellite which can reach speeds of 1 gigabyte per second. Besides, the elevator building also was fastest than Burj Khalifa, 63 km/hour means that to reach the 89th floor, it only takes 39 seconds. The building was already used in 2004 has a sophisticated tools that can stabilize the building from the force of earthquakes and hurricanes. http://www.taipei-101.com.tw/ 8. Shanghai World Financial Center (492m) The tower is located in Pudong, Shanghai, China and has a height of 492 m with the floors total 101. The top floor is 474 m and was built in 1997-2008. The most distinctive of this building is the trapezium aperture at the top. Aperture with a diameter of 46 m it functions for reducing the pressure of the wind. And the uniqueness of this building if we observed it looks like a giant corkscrew. http://www.maersk.com/ 9. International...
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...structure. The Burj Dubai, situated in Dubai, will soon be the tallest building in the world, bypassing the previous record holder, the Taipei 101 by almost 290 metres giving it an astonishing 800 metre height. With over 2700 feet, designing and constructing such a vast building has given significant challenges to engineers and designers alike. Since the building can hold up to 35,000 people at once, it is essential that it is strong, comfortable and able to move people up and down it at a steady rate. This essay will explore how the designers and engineers went about solving these issues. One of the key problems the engineers had to overcome was effect of the wind load and how it would affect the building motions due to the extraordinary height of the tower. Wind load is something that must be taken into account for all buildings, but obviously the wind velocity increases the higher you go and since the structure is over 800 metres tall, there is guaranteed to be a large wind force acting on the building. Three different engineering firms: Skidmore, Owings and Merrill who were all working on the project, hired the RWDI (Rowan Williams Davies & Irwin Inc.) a wind and environmental engineering firm to conduct wind studies on the Burj Dubai’s design. The RWDI had worked on a number of previous projects such as the Petronas Towers and the Taipei 101 and its facilities included four boundary wind tunnels. Their job was to minimize the effects of the wind load and building motion of the...
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...Entry 1 (24th September 2012) It's exactly 12:01 am now, and seeing that this is my first entry, I should update a little of myself. I'm currently at Taiwan for a short vacation with my high school friends of about 10years. And they are Lee Sue Ee, Soh Pei Ling, and Chong Yee Wun. We arrived here on Saturday, 22nd September 2012, and so far it has been an hectic journey seeing that we are here on our own for the first time and we did not go through any travel agency. Enough of updating, I just finish my STA assessment and e-mailed it to my group mates to submit later in the morning. I just hope that I did good enough despite my heavy schedule and with little initiative. Oh yes, I am now in my room while the girls are sleeping and the view is just amazingly breath-taking. How fortunate i am that I could do my assignment while looking at this sea view. The sound of the rushing waves eases my mind to relaxation and light music as my background to suit my emotion. The only thing that lack, is a partner to share this spectacular moment. Anyway, I should sleep now. Gotta be up early later for another tour around the north-east Taiwan before heading to the capital city Taipei later in the evening. I will update my entry again later whilst exploring every possibility here. Good Night ! Good afternoon, it was quite a day after waking up restlessly. Breakfast here was amazing, I mean, what more can we ask with such nature phenomenal as our spectacular view. After finishing our...
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...Seven Wonders of 21st Century Architecture You may not be able to name them all, but most people have at least heard of the 7 Wonders of the Ancient World. Here’s a list with links: Great Pyramid of Giza, Hanging Gardens of Babylon, Temple of Artemis, Statue of Zeus at Olympia, Mausoleum of Halicarnassus, Colossus of Rhodes, and the Lighthouse of Alexandria . Of the seven, only the Pyramid remains, the rest we know of only through historic documents.[1] There have been other “7 Wonders” lists and in 2007, the Swiss government sponsored a project to create a new list, with selections made by popular vote. Over 100 million votes were cast, and the new 7 Wonders were announced as follows: Chichen Itza (the Yucatan, Mexico pyramid), Christ the Redeemer (Brazil’s enormous statue of Jesus), Colosseum (Rome’s arena of Gladiators),Great Wall of China (you can see it from space!),Machu Picchu (ancient city built on an unbelievably high mountain top in Peru),Petra (Jordan’s city cut directly into the side of a stone mountain ),and the Taj Mahal (India’s majestic temple/mausoleum).[2] But my final Cyber Journey of the semester started not as a stroll through history, but as a trip into the future of arts and Architecture with a look at another “7 Wonders” list – The 7 New Wonders of the 21st Century [3], as selected by Architecture, an online review published by the website Quazen. With no further ado, here are the 7: * Millau Viaduct http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Millau_Viaduct ...
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...Photography Photography * Transforms the passing moment of a three dimensional event into a frozen instant reduced in size on a flat piece of paper. * Transforms a three dimensional composition into two dimensional. Uses of Photography in the Philippines * Portraiture * In the Philippines, the first forms of photos were of the size of calling cards called cartes de visite (4” x 2 ½”) and the tarjeta (3 ½” x 5 ½”) used for mailing as a postcard. * In the 1800’s, photo studios sprouted in Sta. Cruz, Binondo and Quiapo. * Life-size photos are hung in living rooms and became status symbols. * Research and Documentation * Photo journalism became a field which shows a visualized history through photos captured in actual events. * Travel and Tourism * Photos are used widely to promote the beauty of the country like photos of colorful festival celebrations, beautiful tourist spots and night life posted in the net and magazines. * Propaganda * Used as an effective communication tool to promote political messages. * Photos are also incorporated in the campaign materials of the government. * Advertising * Photographs are used to sell products, services and personalities. * Billboards and print ads used photographs more than text to sell. * Artists’ tool and art medium * Augusto Fuster is the first painter who used photographs to composed pictures as paintings. * Photographs are also used by artists...
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