...Introduction One of the remarkable transitions in Cambodia began in 1993. It was the economic reform switching from planned-economic to open-free economic market. Since ever, Cambodia gradually boosts the national economy by allowing private possessions and foreign investment. This is a signal of democracy in the nation. To be a democratic country, such rights and freedom must be given to the masses. It is well-known that people want to be equal before the laws and live in a happy life. However, one barrier to newly democratic country—Cambodia—is the citizens. More than half of the Cambodian population is under a poverty line, meaning they are insufficient not only in property but also in education. This situation is not good enough for Cambodians to get influence from the world. Being connected with globalization, Cambodia demands a higher standard and a good quality of production. Among those marketing competition, the most attractive and popular product is high-tech materials. Again, the other half of population might be able to afford such materials in order to live in the society. The society is affected by materialism, which considers possessions more important than values, and its effects range from psychological to economic. Materialism is sometimes used as a status symbol, causing people to purchase items they cannot afford, simply to fit in with an affluent crowd, or to keep up with the people around them. Materialism, although a motivating force in today's world...
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...The economy of Cambodia was in poor conditions due to the genocide. It was primarily damaged by the US bombings during the Cold War. “The countryside was littered with as many as 8 million landmines.” (Text 3) The economy lying in irresponsible hands resulted in decrease of food supply and medicine and several thousands of Cambodians deceased because of malnutrition and illness. (Text 2) “In less than four years, between 1.7 million and 2.5 million people died, out of 8 million. Many succumbed to starvation or exhaustion.” (Text 3) The bombings alone caused several deaths. Even though many were forced into labor, it did not serve the country enough to sustain the economy. The genocide did not conclude until Vietnam invaded Cambodia...
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...In his article “Cambodia’s Curse the Modern History of a Troubled Land” Joel Brinkley portrays the current state of Cambodia and its seeming inability to change. In the “Preface” Brinkley an, at the time inexperienced journalist discusses his first big job in covering the Vietnamese invasion of Cambodia and the refugee crisis. Brinkley goes on to discuss the effects of the Vietnam War on Cambodia and describes the upcoming of the Khmer Rouge a group who wiped out half of Cambodia’s population. Brinkley further states his experience in Cambodia and the challenges he and his team faced personally when on route to a refugee camp on the Thai border. Here he describes the shocking conditions of such a camp and the “hellish, unbearable” life refuges...
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...countries today. In recent years Cambodia has showcased itself to be a country that is highly rich in culture due to its people, its history and most importantly, its treasured archaeological monuments and sites, such as the Angkor Wat, a cultural site linked to the civil war of Khmer Rouge in the 1970’s. Sites like the Angkor Wat have increasingly become popular and well promoted tourist destinations for both domestic and international tourists in Cambodia. Visiting tourism sites associated with war and death has become an increasing phenomenon within the tourism world. Many debates in tourism research and literature have resulted. New literature seems to debate various touristic themes associated with sites like than Angkor Wat. This essay will draw on three of the major themes that have caused been presented within this tourism literature. Firstly, this essay will aim to analyse the Khmer Rouge’s civil war on tourism to Cambodia, and the views and perceptions of visiting sites associated with the regime. Secondly, this essay will introduce the topic of ‘dark tourism sites’, a tourism phenomenon which can be exampled with the Angkor Wat sites. Lastly, this essay will analyse two paradoxical, intertwining issues of heritage site conservation, and tourism development and promotion, and what literature views as being more important. The Cambodian civil war of the Khmer Rouge which took place in the 1970’s has undoubtedly shaped the country’s history, as well as its future. Literature...
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...impact of the Khmer Rouge on Cambodian society from 1975-1979 Cambodia became one huge labor camp under the Khmer Rouge. After deposing Lon Nol on 1975, the Khmer Rouge, led by Pol Pot began one of the most brutal regimes in human history. This not only changed the Cambodian society but also ultimately destroyed it. This was due to the extreme vision of communism, which Pol Pot wanted to implement for a perfect and a peaceful society. Prince Norodom Sihanouk always tried to maintain Cambodia’s neutrality. But with Laos and Vietnam as its borders, he knew this was impossible. After the assassination of Diem in South Vietnam, Sihanouk condemned America’s policies; in turn he allowed Viet Cong bases in Cambodia. America in regard to this started ‘Operation Menu’ from 1969, to destroy the Viet Cong bases. When Sihanouk went to visit China on 1970, the CIA deposed him because he allowed North Vietnamese and Viet Cong to have sanctuaries in Cambodia. Sihanouk was replaced by pro-American and anti-Communist Lon Nol. This marked an end of a peaceful era in Cambodia. As soon as Lon Nol gained the power, he ordered the communist to leave Cambodia. The Khmer Rouge and the Viet Cong in retaliation to this launched an attack against the Lon Nol government. After a five year civil war between Lon Nol’s Royal Cambodian army, Viet Cong, North Vietnamese and the Khmer Rouge and over 600 000 Cambodians died, Lon Nol left Cambodia on 1st April 1975. Seventeen days later the Khmer Rouge took...
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...← Essay writing Topic: What pros might Cambodia get from ASEAN? Nowadays, it is well known that Cambodia is going to join with the ASEAN Economic Community in 2015, making every organization of the country are eager to develop and prepare in various ways to a par with international economics, politics, education and culture. It was also featured on the cultures of neighbouring countries. The majority point of ASEAN wants people, business, and many others organization in south East Asia become one. So, at this time, each country in south east Asia have to learn about ASEAN, but what is going to happen when ASEAN has started? , and is it good for people or business in Cambodia? So, they are sure that the prediction of ASEAN will be very great for almost every business in every single countries member. However, Cambodia is not ready for AEC in 2015 given its development status compared to the six older ASEAN members, because there are many constraints that Cambodia needs to address if it wants to have a successful integration into AEC 2015. While the quality of the Kingdom’s agricultural products and garments and textiles is sufficient, the quality of some other products is not so good. So, what pros might Cambodia get from ASEAN? First of all, human Resource in one nation is very important to develop the nation. After Khmer Rouge regime, nearly two million Cambodians including intellectuals, skilled workers, and ordinary people were killed and died of diseases...
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...Culture In Cambodia Cambodian culture has a rich and diverse history of the past few centuries, and was greatly influenced by India. Throughout the long history of Cambodia, the main source of inspiration was from religion. Each of the countries in the world has different cultures and how they preserve their culture. Khmer culture is very hierarchical. The greater the age, the greater the level of respect that should be given to them. Most of the population in Cambodia is still a closed-minded in dealing with culture or status among them. When husband and wife become too old to support themselves, they may invite the youngest families to move and take over the conduct of household. At this stage in their lives, they enjoy a high status position. Individual Khmer is surrounded by a small circle of family and friends that form or the closest associates, those he would approach first for help. Family consisting of husband and wife and their children who are unmarried, is the most important relationship. In these units are strong emotional ties, security assistance if a problem, economic cooperation in labour, sharing of revenue and income, and contributions as a ritual obligation of the unit. In rural communities, neighbours who are often also his possible role. In rural Cambodia, the Khmer may develop a strong relationship-other than those to the nuclear family is a close and members of other friends local communities. Strong feelings of pride, village, district, and...
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...The Misrepresentation of Cambodia Sociology 300 Professor: Emmanuel Obi Althea M Pullins 01/18/2010 Abstract The history of Cambodia will be reviewed in this paper. The paper will focus on the history of Cambodia from the time that Pol Pot led the country until present time. The paper will look in detail at the genocide of Cambodia that occurred under the leadership of Pol Pot from 1975 to 1979 where an estimated 2,000,000 Cambodians died. An analysis of the political landscape will be discussed in the paper. Women culture and the treatment of women during this period will be examined. The paper will also evaluate the religious culture, the impact that various ethnicities had on Cambodia, and report on the agrarian reform in Cambodia. An exploration of why Cambodia progress in the areas of economic growth, social development, and political development has been stymied will be investigated. A comprehensive look at the educational system of Cambodia will be reviewed along with urban development. History Cambodia is juxtaposed on mainland Southeast Asia between Thailand and Vietnam (2010). Because of Cambodia’s location, it has long been vulnerable to foreign territorial ambitions. Cambodia has struggled to maintain self-identity and survival as a nation (1993). The name “Cambodia” derives from the French Cambadge, which comes from Khmer word the People’s Republic of Kampuchaea (1979-1989), the country was known internationally as Kampuchea, but more recent...
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...the regime as children. All were survivors in a part of history. Now the children’s voices of Cambodia’s killing fields can be heard. The book was written to retell a piece of history, and to make sure the history is never lost. The survivors wanted people to be aware of what they had gone through. Sarom Prak wanted people notified what happened to the people of Cambodia (71). They wanted their stories to be heard throughout the world. They don’t want another genocide to happen again in Cambodia, or anywhere around the world. The children are making their stories examples of the pain that can be caused by genocide. They want make sure nobody ever has to go through the pain they had gone through. These children were survivors during a dark time in history in Cambodia. But their stories were not solely to retell their own, but also the ones who couldn’t. The people who died during the regime were never able to let their stories be heard. These stories were also made to honor everyone who died during the Khmer Rouges ruling whether from malnutrition, malaria, getting beat or getting shot. Three different survivors added at the end of their story that they dedicated it to family and others who died in Cambodia (65,91,81). The spirit of the people killed lives on through these stories. They deserve to be recognized, and although they were unable to survive the Khmer rule, they also played a part in the history. People should know how they died, and also what they...
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...Name: Tutor: Course: Date: Asian Immigration to the United States Most American immigrants are thought to be people who are escaping civil war or poverty and are generally perceived to be with little or no education. While there are some Asians who they indeed fit this image, it is worth noting that there exists another group of Asian immigrants who are well educated and they have skilled or professional occupational backgrounds. This essay majorly looks into the American connection which led to mass immigration from Asia after World War II. It is worth noting that prior to the 1940s, the only Asian region where America had dominance was the Philippines, which was an American colony since 1898 (Cheng and Liu 74). The advent of the Second World War changed this economic and configuration as the U.S interests seeped into regions where previously they exercised little influence. Progressively, wartime involvement affected the political and economic alignments which occurred after the post-war period. When the war ended, the Soviet Union and America became interlocked in a political supremacy war. This turf led to a chain of wars which involved the two countries, but the wars were fought in regions that belonged to neither, mostly in the Southeast Asia like Vietnam. The economic and political elites, alongside the ordinary people who were fleeing from the war created a notable group of Asian immigrants to America. Due to its dominating role in the area, the United States became...
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...Q1. Evaluate the cross-border conflict between Cambodia and Thailand over the possession of the Preah Vihear Temple from the geopolitical and mediatory role of ASEAN in the conflict resolution process. Cambodia and Thailand had a long history of wars and disputes between them even though they were neighboring countries in Southeast Asia. Dispute over the Preah Vihear Temple was not something new. This dispute has been going on for over a hundred years and both states have exchanged fire over this possession of the temple in October 2008 to April 2009. Preah Vihear Temple is located between the Choam Khsant district in the Sisaket province of Northeastern Thailand. Upon the Cambodian Independence and the French withdrawal in 1953, Thailand took over the temple in 1954. But in 1962, International Court of Justice (ICJ) awarded the ownership of the Preah Vihear Temple to Cambodia by a 9 to 3 vote by affirming the Preah Vihear is in the Cambodian territory using a 1907 map. But the court had only ruled that the temple belonged to Cambodia but did not rule on the surrounding lands. Therefore Thailand reacted by only handing over the temple with nearly no surrounding areas to Cambodia unwillingly. Even though one of ASEAN's aims was to accelerate economic growth, social progress, cultural development among its members, the protection of the peace and stability of the region and to provide opportunities for member countries to discuss differences peacefully. On July 22, 2008...
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...the Khmer Rouge. Being a leader of the Khmer Rouge, Pol Pot led a rebellion alongside the regime of Cambodia. Due this, he was, therefore, elected leader of Cambodia in the year 1975. Pol Pot’s leadership was cruel, harsh and brutal. For instance, he confidently commanded civilians to move out of towns and cities into the country side. When they discarded his command, he forced them to move. This led to the creation of several camps and farms in the country side. However, the increased movement of people into the country side led to the accumulation of starvation and death of around half a million civilians (Weltig, 2009). As a leader, Pot demonstrated several character traits. His leadership was dominated by several negative traits. For instance, Pot was a harsh, cruel and brutal leader. He was interested in war and rejoiced when his country was under war. When he became the leader of Cambodia in 1975, pot established domination over the capital. He encouraged a war that occurred between his revolutionary army and Vietnamese representatives over border crisis. Compared to the traits mentioned in the text, pot portrays the characters of an infamous leader. Though he failed in his job, Pot had his own set economic goals (Haas, 1991). Pot was a self centered leader who was ignorant about his people’s rights. He was an ignorant leader who exhibited dictatorial rule in Cambodia. During his reign as a leader, pot led to the destruction of peoples rights. His leadership was also...
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...Macro environment: Demographic: As of 2010, Cambodia has an estimated population of 14,805,358 people. Ninety percent of Cambodia's population is of Khmer origin and speak the Khmer language, the country's official language. Cambodia's population is relatively homogeneous. The country's birth rate is 25.4 per 1,000. Its population growth rate is 1.70%, significantly higher than those of Thailand, South Korea, and India. In recent decades, many younger Cambodians and those in the business-class have favoured learning English. In the major cities and tourist centers, English is widely spoken and taught at a large number of schools because of the overwhelming number of tourists from English-speaking countries. Even in the most rural outposts, most young people speak at least some English, as it is often taught by monks at the local pagodas where many children are educated. The civil war and its aftermath have markedly affected the Cambodian population; 50% of the population is younger than 22 years old. At a 1.04 female to male ratio, Cambodia has the most female-biased sex ratio in the Greater Mekong Subregion. In the Cambodian population over 65, the female to male ratio is 1.6:1. Economic: In 2011 Cambodia's per capita income in PPP is $2,470 and $1,040 in nominal per capita. Cambodia's per capita income is rapidly increasing but is low compared to other countries in the region. Most rural households depend on agriculture and its related sub-sectors. Rice, fish, timber,...
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...English 101-001 May 24, 2011 The Bloody Cambodian Revolution Located in Southeast Asia between Thailand and Vietnam, Cambodia was home to one of the bloodiest political regimes to exist in the 20th century. In a country, in which American government reports in 1959 documented, was full of “ ‘docile and passive people…[who] could not be counted on to act in any positive way for the benefit of US aims and policies’”, the United States conflict in neighboring Vietnam brought about incredible changes to an unsuspecting people (qted. in Dunlop 70). The countryside was bombed by the United States in order to uproot suspected North Vietnamese holdouts and supply routes starting in 1969. These bombing raids, which devastated the people of Cambodia and left the country with absolute political instability, allowed for the seizure of government control led by a group of students of communist ideology. This group was called the Khmer Rouge, and in 1975 their guerilla armies seized the capital of Phonm Pehn and gained control of the country of Cambodia. They renamed the country Democratic Kampuchea and began the process of restructuring the government and country according to their ideals. These ideals led the Khmer Rouge to commit a purging of their own people and the “deadliest democide of the 20th century” (Rummel 4). They reigned with absolute authority over Cambodia from 1975 to 1979. At the end of their height of power, they had taken over two million lives in the name of their revolution...
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...Starbucks in Cambodia Introduction Globalization, a process of international integration from the interchange of world views, products, ideas and cultures which can benefit all countries that embrace international trade. With the right strategy to involve in international trade, a country can successfully grow economically, as well as socially. Cambodia is a country located at the central of Southeast Asia, with population of over 14.8 million people. With an open investment policy, Cambodia offers opportunities for creative entrepreneurs and dynamic businesses. It is evident through her rapid development and strong, positive growth over the last 15 years. It provides opportunities for foreign investment. In this paper, we will discuss the global coffee company-Starbucks Corporation and its potential expansion into Cambodian market. Starbucks Corporation is an American global coffee company and coffeehouse chain based in Seattle, Washington. Starbucks has developed an internationalization strategy to enable the company to open stores and franchises in countries across the globe. They provide unique tasting products and have improvised the recipe of traditional coffee according to modern tastes. While Starbucks was very successful in its domestic market, the leaders of the company sees the potential of foreign markets and planned to expand its business to foreign countries through globalization in order to fully utilize the potential that the company had. In 2003, Starbucks...
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