...Name: Jacob ZumBrunnen Date: December 8, 2014 M8 Module 8 – Aviation National and International Laws and Regulations, and Environmental Issue LOB 4 Explain the impact of environmental issues and environmental laws in the aviation industry Web Support link: http://www.nbaa.org/advocacy/issues/environment/ Minimizing the industries environmental impact. The aviation community has led the way in promoting advances aimed at reducing its environmental footprint for many years. Aviation emissions only make up a fraction of all of the transportation emissions, while business aviation makes up an even smaller fraction of that. As an example of something to reduce emissions and optimize aircraft performance and flight range over a decade ago winglets were introduced into general aviation. This equipment also contributed to more efficient fuel burn and is now in place on a large number of general aviation aircraft. In addition, the industry continues to reduce engine emissions by applying new technologies, which means that today’s aircraft engines are cleaner, quieter, and more fuel-efficient than ever. Operational improvements advanced by business aviation also have resulted in national airspace system efficiencies that help the environment. Over two years ago, NBAA members began equipping aircraft, at their own cost, with cockpit technology allowing for reduced vertical separation minimums (RVSM), effectively doubling the system’s airspace capacity. In spite...
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...Running Head: CANADA'S PERVERSE SUBSIDIES TO OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY 6 Canada's Oil and Gas Industry's Lack of Initiative to Reduce GHG Emissions Supported by Government Subsidies CANADA'S PERVERSE SUBSIDIES TO OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY 6 The lack of reduction in greenhouse gas emissions, as required in the Kyoto Protocol, by Canada's Oil and Gas industry can be blamed on the “perverse” subsidies provided by the Canadian government. According to the Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers (CAPP), in 2011, Canada is rated as “... the third largest producer of natural gas... and the seventh largest producer of crude oil in the world.” Since Canada's Oil and Gas industry is a major supplier in the world market, government subsidies that support the exploration of new methods of extracting resources as they become more inaccessible and scarce is justifiable; but according to Ecojustice (2010) Canada supplies billions in subsidies to the Oil and Gas industry annually while greenhouse gas emissions skyrocket. This violates the requirements set out in the Kyoto Protocol as well as affects Canada's reputation in the global marketplace as organizations such as the OECD question this government practice. The government of Canada supports a global-scale industry at the expense of its taxpayers; which given the amplitude of the industry, it is highly unnecessary for such a government policy to exist. Basic statistics provided...
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...FourQuest Energy SWOT Analysis FourQuest Energy is an industrial cleaning firm that specializes in pre-commissioning, commissioning, maintenance and shutdown services for the oil and gas industry. FourQuest Energy (FQE) is an ISO 9001:2008 certified international company with locations across Canada, the Middle East, Africa, and the Caspian region (FourQuest, Canada’s Fastest-Growning Company, 2015). FQE was ranked Canada’s number 1 fastest growing company on the Profit 500 2014 list showing a revenue growth of 7,308% (ProfitGuide, profit500, 2015). The Edmonton Alberta organization which first began operation in 2008 is a very strong player in helping to keep the energy giants working. FQE employs more than 200 people fulltime, runs 12 offices worldwide and posts upwards of $50 million in annual sales (ProfitGuide, Canada’s Fastest-Growing Company, 2015). Entrepreneurs Karl Gannon and Nik Grgic started FourQuest Energy after their suggestions for improvements were not implemented in the organization they worked for. They felt that they could do a better job with the right opportunities (ProfitGuide, Canada’s Fastest-Growing Company, 2015). Together they have been able to attract other top talent to their organization to help further grow the organization. Their management style has won them the 16th spot on the 2013 Best Managed Companies list. Their ultimate goal is to turn the organization into a $500 Million organization within 10 years (ProfitGuide, Canada’s Fastest-Growing...
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...pioneered commercial development of Canada's oil sands – one of the largest petroleum resource basins in the world. Since then, Suncor has grown to become a globally competitive integrated energy company with a balanced portfolio of high-quality assets, a strong balance sheet and significant growth prospects. Constructed by the British American Oil Company in 1951 at a cost of $8 million, the Edmonton refinery produced about 12,000 barrels of refi need product per day. Through the years, the plant experienced several changes, including being purchased by Gulf Canada and later Petro-Canada in 1986. Suncor Energy is a Canadian integrated energy company based in Calgary, Alberta. It specializes in production of synthetic crude from oil sands. Suncor ranks number 134 in the Forbes Global 2000 list. Until 2010, Suncor marketed products and services to retail customers in Ontario through a downstream network of 280 Sunoco-branded retail sites, and 200 customer-operated retail and diesel...
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...Report of the Joint Study on the Possibility of a Canada-Japan Economic Partnership Agreement March 2012 Contents Introduction and Purpose of the Study ................................................................................................ 2 Executive Summary ............................................................................................................................. 3 Chapter 1: Overview of Bilateral Economic Relations ....................................................................... 5 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Overview............................................................................................................................... 5 Trends in Bilateral Trade in Goods ...................................................................................... 7 Trends in Bilateral Trade in Services ................................................................................... 9 Trends in Foreign Direct Investment ................................................................................. 10 Chapter 2: Analysis of the Economic Effects from a Canada-Japan Economic Partnership Agreement .......................................................................................................................................... 12 Chapter 3: Analysis of Major Areas of an Economic Partnership Agreement ................................. 14 3.1 Market Access (including Rules of Origin) .......................................................
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...THE NEGATIVE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATIONS OF THE ATHABASCA OIL SANDS “The modern era began with the discovery that started the most brilliant, inventive, and destructive age in the history of mankind. The age of energy.” The Athabasca oil sands were founded in the late 1960s and have now developed into a major player within the Canadian economy, acting as its prominent supplier of crude oil. With roughly 2.5 trillion barrels of oil in the ground, the oil sands are one of the largest deposits in the world. However, a problem arises with the extraction process, as it is both expensive and cumbersome with the presence of bitumen within the oil (a highly viscous, black hydrocarbon). Therefore, the extensive extraction process that is required by oil mining companies leads to negative environmental implications. As a result, this paper will discuss the extent of these environmental implications in terms of escalating greenhouse gas emissions, the depletion and contamination of water reserves, and the destruction of terrestrial ecosystems within the Boreal forest. In addition to this, the underlying notion of Alberta’s unlikely future for a sustainable environment. Greenhouse gases (GHG) are emissions within the atmosphere that absorbs and emit radiation, thus damaging the ozone layer. Taking this into consideration, the expansionary development associated with the Athabasca oil sands are rapidly increasing the level of pollution emitted within Canada. The oil sands alone are a...
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...insurance issues. Some organizations even let it manage administrative issues. Today, human resource development and management functions more than those. There are several critical functions of it. First, it should serve employees. HRDM needs to establish and maintain harmonious relations between employees. It needs to design mechanism to protect employees’ benefits and maintain their legal rights. Also, it needs to help employees manage their career plan by providing guidance. Second, HRDM needs to be responsible for knowledge management for the organization. HRDM needs to educate the organization and bring up share culture. It needs to push organizations’ establishment, optimization and maintenance of management information system. Third, HRDM should be the motivation for organizations’ reform. It needs to build and promote innovative cultures and innovative thoughts. Also, it needs to participate in building reform processes and methodologies. Some indicators are found to impact HRDM’s effectiveness. Virile leadership and overall planning are important. Good leadership and overall planning is the priority of HRDM. Conducting scientific development strategy is another critical factor. Also, to recruit professional and excellent talents for HRDM is critical. Canada’s general public utilities situation in the 21st century Canada’s general public utilities situation can be seen through the energy saving approaches in the industrial area. Industry is the big part of Canada’s energy...
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...under a Parliamentary System As we learned in last week’s lesson, the Canadian system of government can pose challenges to the setting of environmental policy. Let’s explore this issue in our discussion this week by considering the following questions as well as any ideas relevant to this issue that you think of as the discussion progresses. You do not need to address all of these questions in a single post - in fact, it is probably better to limit each post to one or two well argued points. Do you think our federal-provincial system of government makes it impossible to pass effective environmental legislation? Would you change anything about the division of powers between the federal and provincial/territorial governments in order to improve the design and implementation of environmental policy in Canada? Is environmental policy superior in the United States (can we learn any lessons from their approach including things to avoid)? Can you find any examples of successful provincial/federal cooperation on environmental policy implementation in Canada? Finally, do you think that we are in for a new era of environmental policy cooperation with the election of a new government this fall? Post 1: Hi Kristen, In addition to your extensive research on the comparison of both the US and Canada’s differences in environmental policy, I have done some research myself and have read an interesting article that discusses lessons from America for environmental law enforcement in...
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...regional alienation has grown in areas primarily outside of Canada’s political epicentre. One of the more noticeable instances of regional alienation comes from the Western regions of Canada (Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta, and British Columbia) and has led to the creation of the commonly known term, Western alienation. Although the West is not the only region in Canada in which alienation exists, it is the region that had most actively expressed...
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...worries that Canada’s economy is on a divergent path from the U.S. Really, though, it’s about oil. For years now, Canada’s currency has traded as a petrodollar. That might not jive with its standing in the domestic economy, where it accounts for around 4 per cent of GDP and roughly 2 per cent of employment. When it comes to investment and trade flows, though, it dominates. Given that the loonie’s fortunes will continue to be tied to oil for years to come, what might that future hold? Canada certainly has the potential to become an even bigger player in the global oil market than it is now. The oil sands are the third-largest oil reserves in the world. The Harper government, meanwhile, has made no secret that it will do everything it can to ensure environmental and other concerns won’t stand in the way of the oil industry’s plans to more than double bitumen output from northern Alberta to five million barrels a day over the next two decades. But is that best-case scenario for the oil industry realistic? Prime Minister Harper may think so. He clearly still has visions of Canada becoming an energy superpower. Financial markets have more doubts. The shine has come off the oil sands, as more investors have started to question whether oil sands development is really a sure thing, particularly at the speed projected by bullish petro-boosters. Instead, there’s an increasing likelihood that much of Canada’s impressive oil sands reserves will never be produced. The most immediate issue is geography...
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...deal of research into the issue of alternative energy. The energy that we get from biofuels originally came from the sun. This solar energy was captured through photosynthesis by the plants used as feedstock (raw materials) for biofuel production, and stored in the plants’ cells. This energy-containing biomass is converted into biofuel through biochemical, chemical, and thermo chemical conversion processes. For example, ethanol, today’s largest volume of biofuel, is produced through a biochemical process. In this process, yeasts ferment sugar from starch and sugar crops into ethanol. Most ethanol is produced from sugar canes and cornstarch. Biochemical conversion techniques allow us to make use of more abundant “cellulosic” biomass sources such as grass, trees, and agricultural residues. A simpler chemical process used to produce a biofuel is the production of biodiesel. Biodiesel facilities start with vegetable oils, seed oils, or animal fats and reacts them with methanol/ethanol in the presence of a catalyst. Algae and plants can serve as a natural source of oil which refineries can convert into jet fuel or diesel fuel. Once the biomass has been converted into biofuel, the biofuel is used to generate electricity in the same way as other fuels. Biofuels are combusted and their energy is converted to heat. The heat is used to boil water in order to produce steam. Finally, the steam drives electrical turbines that produce electricity. Biomass energy is the third largest source...
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...PART-I US-Canada: Since many years, US-Canada trade has been the cornerstone for Canada’s economic development. Canada began its trade with the US in 1920s when rapid urbanization in the US led to huge demand in wood and other forestry products. In the 1920s and 1930s, pulp production increased steadily with over 90% of the produce being exported to the US. In 1925, the opening of the Panama Canal increased the exports of lumber from British Columbia to eastern U.S. markets, which dramatically increased the netbacks received for lumber produced in British Columbia (Statistics, Canada, 2012). Post world war, rapid expansion in the US industrial capacity was accompanied with rapid growth in the Canadian economy as well. Growth in the demand for newspapers led to the growth of pulp and paper industry. By1950, over half of the world’s newsprint was supplied by Canada. By 1954, pulp and paper exports accounted for 24% of Canada’s total exports, of which, 33% of those exports were to the United States (Statistics, Canada, 2012). Post 1960, the new staple in the resource landscape for Canada was Energy. Until this time, though some local sources were available on the Prairies and in Nova Scotia, Canada had relied on coal imports. In 1957, there was a major oil discovery in Alberta at Leduc, which lead to a major and dramatic expansion of crude oil and natural gas industry, the effects of which are still evident till date. The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) removed most...
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...___________________________________________________________ 7 ____________________________________________________________________________________ 17 SECTION 1: PERCEPTIONS OF ASIA __________________________________________________________ 17 SECTION 2: VIEWS OF CANADA-ASIA ECONOMIC RELATIONS ____________________________ 23 SECTION 3: PROVINCIAL PERSPECTIVES ON CANADA-ASIA RELATIONS _______________ 31 SECTION 4: CANADA-ASIA ENERGY RELATIONS ___________________________________________ 35 SECTION 5: PROMOTING HUMAN RIGHTS IN ASIA ________________________________________ 39 SECTION 6: CANADA-ASIA SECURITY ISSUES ______________________________________________ 41 SECTION 7: DEMOGRAPHIC FINDINGS ______________________________________________________ 43 APPENDIX: READING THE TABLES _____________________________________________________________________ 49 NOP 2014 PG. 1 ABOUT THE ASIA PACIFIC FOUNDATION OF CANADA The Asia Pacific Foundation of Canada (APF Canada) has been a leader in research and analysis on Canada’s relations with Asia for thirty years. Our mission is to develop ideas for action by Canadian businesses, governments, and individuals to help them seize the vast opportunities unfolding in Asia. We do this by offering clear,...
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...Abstract: Carbon dioxide (CO2), a greenhouse gas (GHG), is the major exhaust gas due to human activities contribution to79% of Canada’s total emission. CO2 is released into the atmosphere by means of burning fossil fuels, coal, and land clearance. As the concentration of CO2 accumulates into the atmosphere, climate change and global warming becomes worse. Canada is the leading country in piloting the carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) technology to reduce the emitted CO2 into the atmosphere by storing the captured CO2 underground, it could reduce GHG by 14-19% before 2050. Shell Ltd. Quest project is the first project to use CCS technology in the Athabasca oil sand projects in Canada. The Post combustion method is being used today at a smaller scale than desired. It is estimated that if post-combustion was to occur at a large industrial scale, it required energy of 25-37% of the total energy, and an estimate of about $3500/kW for the capital cost of an IGCC capture plant installation. Pre-combustion capture has a lower cost in carbon capture and higher capture percentage (90-95%) than the post-combustion capture, but requires more expense on the equipment in order for the process to work. Oxyfuel has the best efficiency (~90%) but requires 15% or more of the overall energy with a capital cost for oxyfuel installation of $1000/kW and a $60/MWh retrofit cost. Geological storage is a favourable method, where the captured CO2 travels to the storage site usually through pipelines...
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