...goes here cancer that affects older adults cancer that affects older adults \ THE LUNGS THE LUNGS THE LUNGS Your lungs are two sponge-like organs located in your chest. The left lung is smaller to allow room for the heart (American Cancer Society, 2013). Cancers in the lungs begin in the cells lining, the bronchi, and in other parts of the lung, such as the bronchioles or alveoli. In addition, lung cancers start as areas of pre-cancerous changes to the lung (American Cancer Society, 2013). MAJOR TYPES OF LUNG CANCERS There are two major types of lung cancers, small cell lung cancer and non-small cell lung cancer. Thus, these two types of lung cancers are treated completely differently (American Cancer Society, 2013). WHAT IS SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER? Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) usually begins in the bronchi near the center of the chest, and it tends to grow and spread quickly. Approximately 10% to 15% of all lung cancers are SCLC, which are named for the size of the cancer cells when seen under a microscope. More important, it usually spreads to other parts of the body before it is found (American Cancer Society, 2013). When cells from the cancer break away from the original tumor and spread to other parts of the body it is known as “metastasize” (American Cancer Society, 2013). Furthermore, the lymph system is one way in which lung cancers are spread, and the lymph system has several parts to allow the cancer to travel (American Cancer Society, 2013)...
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...Blood Disorders May 1, 2011 HCA/240 Bethany Dowse There are many types of blood disorders. Some are caused by genetics, others are caused by the person who has the disorder, and others can be caused by environmental factors. The blood disorders that are genetic people have no control over. Most of the blood disorders that we can cause ourselves are caused by how we eat, and this we can control. This is why it is important to know about blood disorders, what kind is being experienced, and how to prevent the blood disorders that we can control. Amy, a four-year-old Caucasian female, has been pale and is complaining of fatigue all the time. She is also a picky eater. Her mother is a single-mother that has a small budget to feed a large family and Amy will only eat pasta, bread, hot dogs, and artificial fruit punch to drink (Course Syllabus HCA/240, 2011). Amy has had a physical by her physician and appears to be well, but her mother still wants to have blood work done and the doctor suspects iron-deficiency anemia. Iron is used in the body to produce hemoglobin (transports oxygen throughout the body) and without enough iron the body cannot produce sufficient amounts of hemoglobin in red blood cells (WebMD, 2010). To test for iron-deficiency anemia a blood sample is taken and sent to a laboratory to be examined; other specific tests that may be done to check iron levels in the body include a hematocrit, serum ferritin, serum iron, and total iron binding capacity (TIBC) (HealthCentral...
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...Lifestyle or Medication Information for a better you…. 5/18/2012 HCA/240 Leanna Clark Esophageal cancer (Squamous cell carcinoma & adenocarcinoma): The gastrointestinal disease that I would like to discuss is (Cancer of the esophagus). Although there are often no specific reasons one person may get cancer in the esophagus there are certain risk factors that increase your risk of developing the disease. Most people who are at risk for Cancer of the Esophagus is because of alcohol, tobacco use, poor diets, old age, obesity and acid reflux. I would say that esophageal cancer is a life style change because if you get proper nutrients, and keep checks ups you are more than likely going to be able to prevent this disease or heal quickly. There are two main types of cancer of the esophagus which are adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma (also known as epidermoid carcinoma.) Adenocarcinoma is most common in the United States. “Squamous cell carcinoma occurs more commonly in people who heavily use tobacco and alcohol or who have previously swallowed some caustic substance, for example lye. The disease is also more common in people who have been diagnosed with squamous cell cancer of the head and neck.” http://www.emedicinehealth.com/cancer_of_the_esophagus/page2_em.htm The most common symptoms of Esophageal Cancer is weight loss, heart burn, being horse for more than two weeks, pain when swallowing, chest pain, back pain and food getting stuck in the esophagus...
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...Leukemia Effects Children Patrice Allen HCA/240 May 9, 2012 Kari Merrill RN, MHSc The diagnosis of cancer in a child or teenager can be a devastating blow to parents and other family members who love the child. Leukemia is a cancer of the early blood-forming cells. Most often, leukemia is a cancer of the white blood cells, but some leukemia’s start in other blood cell types. Leukemia is a cancer of the blood-forming cells. Leukemia starts in the bone marrow, where the blood cells are made, and quickly spreads to the blood. From there it can go to the lymph nodes, spleen, liver, central nervous system, and other organs. Leukemia is the most common cancer in children and adolescents. It accounts for about 1 out of 3 cancers in children. Overall, however, childhood leukemia is a rare disease. Most of the signs and symptoms of leukemia result from a lack of normal blood cells. This happens because the cancer cells crowd out the normal cells that make blood in the bone marrow. The leukemia cells may spread to other parts of the body, which can also cause symptoms. A risk factor is something that increases a person's chance of getting a disease. Different cancers have different risk factors. But risk factors don't tell us everything. Having a risk factor, or even several risk factors, does...
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...General Report on Families and Children Dealing with Cancer Beverly Sylvia HCA/240 April 6, 2012 Shannon White Causes and Risk Factors When you find out your child has cancer, most parents wonder what they did wrong, what could they have done to prevent it, and often times wish they could trade places with their children. Truth of the matter is, there are probably some causes and factors that could have been changed on the parent’s part to make the possibilities of their child getting cancer less likely. Then there are those causes that no one could have stopped. Many children inherit DNA changes from their parents which can increase their risks for cancer. Since it is in a child’s DNA, then tests can be done on different cells in the child’s body to determine if they are a candidate for cancer. However, there are causes of childhood cancer that are not genetically related. “They are the result of DNA changes that happened early in the child’s life, sometimes even before birth. Every time a cell prepares to divide into 2 new cells, it must copy its DNA. This process is not perfect, and errors sometimes occur, especially when the cells are growing quickly. This type of gene mutation can happen at anytime in life and is called acquired mutation (American Cancer Society, 2012).” The American Cancer Society, also states that the “reasons for DNA changes that cause the vast majority of childhood cancers are unknown.” Prevention and Detection Of course...
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...Breast Cancer in Middle Aged Adults: The Facts Shawneen Romito HCA/240 1/11/13 Debra Salyers Breast Cancer in Middle Aged Adults: The Facts Being diagnosed with breast cancer can be an extremely terrifying time in a person’s life, which is why it is important to understand the disease, evaluate risk factors, understand the causes, ways to prevent and detect, and where to turn to for help if diagnosed. Causes and Risk Factors: • Gender- Even though men can develop breast cancer, women are 100 times more likely to develop the disease, mainly because the female hormones estrogen and proestrogen promote cancer cell growth. • Age- The chance of developing breast cancer increases with age. 1 out of 8 invasive breast cancer cases are found in women under the age of 45, whereas 2 of 3 invasive breast cancer cases are in women aged 55 or older. [pic] • Heredity- 5% to 10% of all reported breast cancer cases are thought to be from gene defects, or mutations, inherited from a parent. • Family History- The risk of developing breast cancer is high when close blood relatives have had been diagnosed with the disease, for example, mother or sister. If a patient has 1 first degree relative, it doubles a person’s risk of developing the disease, whereas if a person has 2 first degree relatives, the risk increases three fold. 85% of women who are diagnosed with breast cancer have some form of family history. ...
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...Cardiovascular Disease Tiffany Lyons HCA/240 - HEALTH & DISEASES: UNDERSTANDING PATHOS OF PATHOLOGY September 19, 2011 Instructor: DEBRA SALYERS Cardiovascular Disease Cardiovascular disease is an abnormal function of the heart or blood vessels. This disease can cause a heart attack, heart failure, sudden death, stroke and cardiac rhythm problems, thus resulting in decreased quality of life and decreased life expectancy. In America many people suffer from heart disease some knowingly and some are unaware. This disease is a sudden death disease which means a person can die unexpectedly from cardiovascular disease. Causes of cardiovascular disease are: * Structural defects, to * Infection * Inflammation, * Environment and genetics * Smoking * Fatty Foods * Stress * Obesity * High Cholesterol * High Blood Pressure * Diabetes Any one of put a person at risk for cardiovascular disease it is up to the individual to take control of his/her heart. One can prevent cardiovascular disease if it is not contributed from a structural defect, infection, or genetics. I have learned that we are our bodies own enemy and we have control over what we do to keep our body healthy. We as people know and understand that smoking is bad for our health not only do it contribute to heart disease but smoking also contribute to many other diseases such as cancer. We tend to stress over things that is out of our control it is important to take...
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...Blood Disorders 1 Blood Disorders Khalila Lawrence 8/19/2012 HCA 240 Pukar Ratti Blood Disorders 2 Thrombocytopenia is a blood disorder of the platelets, or low blood platelets within the body. Platelets also known as thrombocytes are colorless blood cells that play an important role in the blood clotting. Platelets stop the blood by clumping and forming plugs in the blood vessel holes. For example, if you have a cut or an open wound that is not to deep platelets are the ones responsible to for making sure that you don’t bleed out. If there is a need for a blood transfusion, the patient will receive blood with red blood cells. Red blood cells are very important within the body because it delivers oxygen to the organs and tissues throughout the body. Plasma also plays a major role within the body. Plasma is responsible for receiving the necessary materials from organs like the liver and the small intestines. Without plasma it will be very hard for the body to survive. Nutrients such as antibodies, antitoxins, fibrin and clotting agent that works with platelets to heal the wounds. Thrombocytopenia usually occurs when as a result of another disorder within the body. Disorders such as leukemia...
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...Disease Trends and the Delivery of Health Care Services Carolyn Dallas HCA/240 Sunday, June 2, 2013 Michelle A. Rose, PhD, MHA, MPH, CPH Disease Trends and the Delivery of Health Care Services Vincent (2010),”Between 2010 and 2050, the United States is projected to experience rapid growth in its older population. In 2050, the number of Americans aged 65 and older is projected to be 88.5 million. The Baby Boomers are largely responsible for this increase in the older population, as they will begin crossing into this category in 2011.” (The Next Four Decades-The Older Population). The United States older population will become ethnically diverse. Immigration is expected to play an important role in how the age structure will change. The aging of the baby boom increases the proportion in the older age groups, but projected immigration into the working age groups tends to mitigate the impact. In other words, the country’s aging is slowed somewhat by immigration of younger people. The Hispanic race is growing in the United States which will add to the diverse old population. This growth change will create difficulties for policy makers and programs such as Social Security and Medicare. Both Social Security and Medicare are necessary for the elderly to survive. We need to ensure that our government enacts legislation that helps us and preserves our way of life, most important, Social Security and Medicare. Because there is less funds given toward the elderly through...
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...Capital Purchase Justification HCA-240 Paula Arceneaux 10/13/2013 Angela Seip I know the hospital has been planning on making an investment on equipment to boost services. I would recommend investment on the General Electric Prodigy Bone Density equipment. Making decisions especially on major equipment must factor in various considerations, such as the cost of the equipment and projected returns that the equipment is likely to bring in to the hospital. The Bone Density scan has been selected as the ideal investment for this hospital. Though the equipment requires substantial spending, the equipment has higher possibility for reimbursement. Bone Densitometers are used in medicine to evaluate calcium bone density, which is changed in several diseases such as osteopenia and osteoporosis. These machines have been technologically advanced and are in current use for clinical diagnosis. A woman is at a higher risk of an osteoporotic fracture than getting breast cancer, having stroke and or heart attack combined, approximately 40% of women will experience at least one fracture during their lifetime. The World Health Organization recommends that women 65 and older be regularly measured for osteoporosis to reduce the risk of fracture and spinal abnormalities often related to the disease. The Lunar Prodigy by General Electric uses a direct-digital detector and a narrow-angle fan-beam to enhance efficiency and accomplish excellent precision in spine, femur and total body measurements...
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...Blood Disorders Lindsey Diaz HCA/240 November 25, 2012 Pamela Card Plasma is a fluid, which is made up of about 92% water, 7% vital proteins that includes; albumin, gamma globulin, anti-hemophilic factor, and 1% mineral salts, sugars, fats, hormones and vitamins. Red cells, also known as erythrocytes, carry oxygen from the lungs to the tissues in the body and take carbon dioxide back to the lungs to be exhaled. Platelets, also known as thrombocytes, are tiny, neutral colored cell fragments in the blood whose main function is to interact with clotting proteins to stop or prevent bleeding. (AmericanRedCross, 2012) Each part needs to function properly otherwise we have issues such as, iron deficiencies, sickle cell, and thrombocytopenia. Iron deficiency anemia is caused by low levels of iron in the body you might have low iron levels if you, have heavy menstrual bleeding, don’t get enough iron in the food you eat, people who need a lot of iron, such as small children, teenagers, and pregnant women, or if you have bleeding inside your body, caused by ulcers, hemorrhoids, or cancer. Symptoms of an iron deficiency could be, feeling weak, feeling dizzy, having frequent headaches, and being grumpy or moody. Children or infants may be fussy, have a short attention span, and don’t develop as quickly as other children or infants. Lily’s symptoms of being tired all the time, and being a picky eater could give reason for a trip to the doctor to check for an iron deficiency. Lily...
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...Disease Trends and the Delivery of Healthcare Services HCA/240 July 2, 2010 There are many changes that the U.S. population is going through, and health care is amongst one of them. Americans have begun to live longer seeing an older age. Diversity is playing a role in this change to. Growth is driven by the high birth rates between ethnics and racial minorities along with immigrants. This diversity will lead many to be uninsured. Many of the older generation enter into the health care system with a unique set of problems, conditions, and values. The question is how the needs and desires of each person will be appropriately addressed in such a rapidly changing health care environment (Advameg, 2012). The changes that come with each person during the aging process can affect each individual different. As we all begin to get older the digestive process becomes less effective, and in older people it’s the common cause for malnutrition. Some elderly people are unable to digest food properly or they lose their appetite. The body continuously needs to be nourished, and without that nourishment the body doesn’t have the proper energy that it need. Physical characteristics of a population such as age currently effect the population by 12% for those that are 65 years or older (Advameg, 2012). It’s estimated by the year 2030 to reach 21%. The growth of those 80 and over require more expensive and intensive medical care because of how fast they are growing in number....
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...Disease Trends and the Delivery of Health Care Services HCA/240 December 1, 2013 Lorie Larson Diabetes is not only a disease, it is a deadly disease. Countless number of people has died from this disease worldwide, and many of which died right here in the United States of America. Learning about diabetes and getting tested early will definitely help with the number of expected cases and death. Being aware of this deadly disease and trends has definitely impacted our society in a good way. In today’s society, the health care systems have highly developed by prolonging life expectancy and quality of life, but prolonging one’s life expectancy has not come cheap for healthcare or easy. Diabetes mellitus occurs when the body cannot produce or respond appropriately to insulin. Insulin is a hormone that the body needs to absorb and use glucose (sugar) as fuel for the body’s cells. Without a properly functioning insulin signaling system, blood glucose levels become elevated and other metabolic abnormalities occur, leading to the development of serious, disabling complications (www.Healthypeople.gov ). The 3 common types of diabetes are Type 1 which is the results when the body loses its ability to produce insulin, type 2 which is the results from a combination of resistance to the action of insulin and insufficient insulin production, and the third type of diabetes is Gestational diabetes, a common complication of pregnancy. Gestational diabetes can lead to prenatal complications...
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...CANCER INFORMATION PAPER HCA/240 CANCER INFORMATION PAPER The paper will reflect on breast cancer, A breast is made up of three main parts: glands, ducts, and connective tissue. The glands produce milk. The ducts are passages that carry milk to the nipple. The connective tissue (which consists of fibrous and fatty tissue) connects and holds everything together I will talk about the cause and risk factors of breast cancer, ways to try to prevent and how to get early detection. I will be speaking about the effects of your health related to breast cancer as well as treatment options for breast cancer. Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of death in women all over the world. Breast cancer does not discriminate of race or ethnics. In reading this paper, you will see that more than 502,000 women are killed in a year from breast cancer. In 2007, more than 47,000 women died from breast cancer. Unfortunately, there are some risk factors for breast cancer that are not under your control, but learning as much as you can about them is something that should be taken into consideration. Cause and Risk Factors for Breast Cancer While we do not yet know exactly what causes breast cancer, we do know that certain risk factors are linked to the disease. A risk factor is something that affects your chance of getting a disease such as cancer. Different cancers have different risk factors. Some risk factors, such as smoking, drinking, and diet are linked...
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...Hepatitis Cancer Patient Information Glenda Aldape HCA/240 December 6, 2012 Pukar Ratti Hepatitis B is the most common liver infection in the world. Worldwide, about 350 million people are chronic carriers of HBV (Hepatitis B Virus), among these carriers, more than 620,000 die from liver-related diseases each year. In the United States, hepatitis B mainly affects adults aged between 20-50 years. About 800,000 to 1.4 million Americans are chronic hepatitis B virus carriers, and the disease causes about 3,000 deaths each year. The good news is that infection with HBV is usually preventable because there is an effective vaccine. Use of the vaccine has resulted in an 82% decrease in the number of new infections reported in the United States each year. (www.emedicinehealth.com/hepatitis/article_em.htm) Figure 1: Estimated and reported cases of hepatitis B in the United States. Rates have fallen significantly since 1991 when routine vaccination of children was started. (www.emedicinehealth.com/hepatitis/article_em.htm) Hepatitis B is an infectious hepatitis caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV). This infection has two possible phases; 1) acute, 2) chronic. Acute hepatitis B refers to newly acquired infections. Affected individuals notice symptoms approximately 1 to 4 months after exposure to the virus. In most people with acute hepatitis, symptoms resolve over weeks to months and they are cured of the infection. However, a small number of people develop a very severe, life-threatening...
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