...Research and Theory for Nursing Practice: An International Journal, Vol. 25, No. 1, 2011 A Process of Decision Making by Caregivers of Family Members With Heart Failure Julie Sanford, DNS, RN University of South Alabama, Mobile Judith Townsend-Rocchicciolli, PhD, RN James Madison University, Virginia Annie Horigan, MSN, RN Duke University, North Carolina Pat Hall, PhD, CRNP Diagnostic Medical Clinic, Mobile, Alabama Heart failure (HF) is a major cardiovascular problem and the number of people living with HF continues to climb. Throughout the illness continuum, patients and their family caregivers are involved in decision making. As the illness worsens and patients can no longer make decisions, decision making becomes the responsibility of their caregivers who may have little preparation for the role. The purpose of this grounded theory study was to examine how caregivers of family members with HF make decisions. A nonlinear decision-making process consisting of several actions was identified, which included actualizing; seeking input, information, or support; reflecting; choosing; evaluating; and validating the decision. Keywords: decision making; heart failure; caregiving; grounded theory eart failure (HF), a complex cardiovascular syndrome, is increasing in incidence throughout the world. In 2003, the World Health Organization (WHO) noted that cardiovascular disease accounted for more than 16.7 million deaths (29.2%) of all deaths worldwide with 7.2 million...
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...learning from our environment and it builds by adapting to environment language skills are not as advanced but continual practice with the caregiver is crucial because it advances an infants trust. In the documentary Charles Nelson proves early experiences influences the source of human development and attachment, he finds that language is not only limited to words, faces play an extreme role in communication. An Astounding fact that a infant can recognize their mother by her facial arts even if the face is distorted, through seeing a face everyday a baby forms the sudden understanding of expression, and essential part of communication. A child needs a face to understand intentions/motivations and the ability to process information in faces are essential to survival and correlate to attachment Engaging in human contact will enhance an infant and their natural ability of leaning. Talking to an infant or making sounds with an upbeat tone and exaggerated facial expressions causes connection between them and the caregiver. Exciting the senses by allowing an infant to explore different textures, exposure to different sights/smells helps to activate motor development. Exposure to toys and the ability to sit up and retrieve or grasp different objects increases skills causing crawling, hoping, sliding to different areas. Infant’s need a caregiver at all times to spark developmental skills in language and motor areas if not early human development and attachment could be tarnished eternally...
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...Health Care Roles in Communication HCA 230 Susan DiTaranto Health Care Roles in Communication Health care communication can be created by various influences together with personal goals, skills, cultural orientations, circumstantial factors, and thoughtfulness of other people’s opinions. Communication skills in a health care setting consist of: explanation of diagnosis, analysis and medication, linking the patient in the decision-making, communicating with other health care professionals and dealing with nervous patients. Communicating effectively is more than putting thoughts into words. Comprehending other people’s opinions and plainly expressing one’s own are important characteristics of communication. Kreps and Barbara Thornton (1992) define health communication as “the way [one] seek, process, and share health information,” (Pre', 2004). In the Vivian scenario the major components of health communication present were, physician centered communication in which doctors do most of the talking; assertive behavior, on behalf of Vivian; blocking technique, the medical assistant; soothing surroundings the appearance of the office, and collaborative communication of each of the key players. Vivian was eager to schedule an appointment with a doctor. Vivian enters the waiting area of the new doctors’ office, she notices the plain interior design: gray walls, black chairs, and two notes on the walls stating, “Turn off cell phones” and “Have co-pay ready.” Vivian experienced...
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...the simplest methods to better assess residents is to communicate with each individual and ask for their input. In a study of communication between residents and staff, Williams (2006) found that effective communication is an important contributor to quality of life, and it enhances life choices for elderly residents. Effective communication does not belittle or marginalize elderly individuals. Effective communication...
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...Safe Lifting and Movement of Nursing Home Residents 1 Safe Lifting and Movement of Nursing Home Residents 2 Safe Lifting and Movement of Nursing Home Residents Safe Lifting and Movement of Nursing Home Residents by: James W. Collins, PhD, MSME Associate Director for Science Division of Safety Research National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Morgantown, West Virginia Audrey Nelson, PhD, RN, FAAN Director Patient Safety Center for Inquiry James A. Haley Veteran’s Administration Hospital Tampa, Florida Virginia Sublet, PhD, RPh Senior Toxicologist Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Windermere, Florida DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health i 3 Safe Lifting and Movement of Nursing Home Residents This document is in the public domain and may be freely copied or reprinted. Disclaimer Mention of any company or product does not constitute endorsement by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). In addition, citations to Web sites external to NIOSH do not constitute NIOSH endorsement of the sponsoring organizations or their programs or products. Furthermore, NIOSH is not responsible for the content of these Web sites. Ordering Information To receive documents or other information about occupational safety and health topics, contact NIOSH at: NIOSH-Publications Dissemination...
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...NUT1 Task 2 A. Increase in Quality of Care Electronic Medical Records (EMR) can increase quality of care in many ways. Unlike paper records, EMR is available to multiple members of the healthcare team in different locations, all at the same time. EMR makes it easy for caregivers to have all of a new patient’s previous visit information at their fingertips, which can help with obtaining a more accurate history upon admission. An accurate history will help caregivers make better decisions when planning a patient’s care. Because records are stored in a database instead of on paper, they are safe from natural disasters, forgery, loss, or damage. Many, many years of records can be stored in a relatively small space, which will negate the need for rows and rows of filing cabinets, and microfiche. This makes them easier to manage and retrieve. Less paper also means neater workspaces and better organization in the workplace, and because records are available on the database from multiple locations, the need for faxing or mailing records is decreased, increasing security. EMR can also be used to collect data for Quality Improvement processes, and an EMR system can have pop-up alerts built in to notify caregivers of best practices, allergies, and drug interactions. EMR’s that also have a medication bar code scanning system built in will help to reduce med errors by alerting nurses to wrong patient/wrong dose/ wrong time errors. Electronic Medical Records can reduce patient’s wait...
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...This was the only difference in the two demonstrations and therefore created no bias. The study found that imitation from television can occur in infants as early as 6 months of age. The findings of this study also suggest that imitation from television continues to be challenging throughout the second year of life, but repetition may be the key. The results of this study raise several questions and further research is required to disentangle perceptual and representational/cognitive load explanations. This source would be very useful in my research and provides information from an unwavering study that produced very clear and concise results. Barr, R., Shuck, L., Salerno, K., Atkinson , E., & Linebarger , D. (2010). Music interferes with learning from television during infancy. Infant and Child Development , 19, 313-331. Retrieved from www.interscience.wiley.com doi: 10.1002/ icd.666 This study was conducted to expand on previous studies regarding learning from television and imitating the target actions that took place. Prior to this study experimental research regarding learning from television failed to incorporate the usual attention grabbing formal features into their experimental stimuli, mainly sound. This study examined whether adding sound effects to video or live demonstrations would influence imitation...
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...we can explain how babies acquire language entirely with principles of learning, such as the association of objects with the sounds of words, the imitation of language modeled by others, and the reinforcement of correct use of words and syntax by parents and teachers is that children still need the interaction with an adult to be able to learned to speak. I believed if a child would born 100% healthy and capable to learn anything, however there is no one talking or interacting with the child, the child wouldn’t be able to develop any verbal skills, because it’s never had any input. This would show that all the children’s natural learning stages wouldn’t worked without any input. The child needs input from the parent s or surrounding so they can learn how to speak. Source: American Academy of Pediatrics http://search.proquest.com/docview/421441089 Special Issue / Baby's First Year; Talk to Me; Research indicates that language development begins as early as the first few months of life and that speaking comes as naturally to children as eating and sleeping. Parental interaction plays a big role. [Home Edition] Summary Researchers now...
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...Devices that Assist People with Disabilities Sheewane Davis Mercer University In the 2008 Census, over 10 million Americans reported a daily activity limitation and their activities of daily living (ADLs) usually required assistance from tools or caregivers. Moreover, about 0.3 million Americans have experienced a serious spinal cord injury (SCI), for whom essential tasks, such as dressing, preparing food, or taking medications, usually require the assistance from personal caregivers. However, the shortage and high cost of experienced caregivers fail rapidly growing needs for personal assistance. Technology which aids in these tasks is in great demand and it must allow the user to independently and safely control both mobility and manipulation in their home or the community. Robotics technology has been widely applied in rehabilitation technology and assistive devices to enhance the performance of assistance and quality of life of people with disabilities. By attaching a robotic manipulator to a mobile base, such as a wheelchair or a mobile robot, several robotic assistive devices have been developed to provide both mobility and manipulation assistance to people with severe physical impairments. However, most existing devices only provide a single-arm manipulation, which greatly reduce their efficiency of assistance and restricts their ability to perform complex manipulation tasks which require the involvements of both arms, for example, open the refrigerator with one arm...
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...CareBridge, LLP Contents Executive Summary ...................................................................................................................................................................... 5 Business Concept ........................................................................................................................................................................... 6 Our Product .................................................................................................................................................................................. 6 Target Market and Market Size .......................................................................................................................................... 8 Funding Requirements and Strategies ........................................................................................................................... 9 Mission Statement .................................................................................................................................................................... 9 Executive Team .......................................................................................................................................................................... 9 Product Introduction............................................................................................................................................................... 9 Prequalification...
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...5. The Current approaches towards developing quality services for people with the condition. 6. Conclusion 7. Bibliography 8. Appendix Introduction This project is about dementia specifically in cases relating it to older people. It is the attention of the author to discuss the issues that a person with this condition from both a psychological and physical standpoint. The needs of this person will also be outlined in a physical, social, emotional, spiritual and intellectual, financial and environmental basis. The Role of the carer and the role of the multi-disciplinery team and their approach to meet a person’s needs. The author will be discussing the care settings available for people with the condition. The research conducted in this assignment will be form a range of sources such as the appropriate books, websites, leaflets and work placements. What is the condition? What are the physical and psychological changes that occur for the older person with the condition? Well firstly its important to know the definition of dementia. Dementia is a chronic or persistent disorder of the mental processes caused by brain disease or injury and marked by memory disorders, personality changes, and impaired reasoning....
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...Executive Summary Rising healthcare costs have presented great challenges and opportunities in countries with socialized or private healthcare. In Canada, provincial governments are grappling with ways to fulfill their obligation to provide medical services to the citizenry and maintain a healthy fiscal state. Approaching this problem from a prevention perspective has given rise to business opportunity. In the following, a one year marketing plan for SaskTel’s LifeStat service has been conducted to conclude that the firm first ought to target a niche market within the Province. That is, Saskatchewanians who suffer from diabetes. These citizens are often rurally located and without the correct level of caregiver monitoring, they may end up in emergency rooms with complications that are not only personally dangerous, but costly to the Province. The fast growing medical IT market, in which SaskTel wants to compete, has drawn the attention of telemedicine and technology giants. In order to survive, SaskTel must focus its resources on establishing itself firmly in the target market so the firm may compete in the long term. SaskTel should distribute its LifeStat system through Shoppers Drug Mart, London Drug, and Safeway pharmacies. It is vital that marketing dollars be spent wisely to not only make those with diabetes aware of the system, but also their doctors, nurses, friends, and family as well. With a goal of 6500 unit sales, SaskTel can maintain or slightly improve overall...
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...there are a few design features that can be found in all known forms of human language, but that are missing from forms of animal communication. B. F. Skinner believed that language acquisition, an important development in childhood, occurs because of reinforcement, that is, because children’s' parents or other caregivers reward them when their initially random sounds most resemble speech. Language is a cognition that truly makes us human. Whereas other species do communicate with an innate ability to produce a limited number of meaningful vocalisations (e.g. bonobos), or even with partially learned systems (e.g. bird songs), there is no other species known to date that can express infinite ideas (sentences) with a limited set of symbols (speech sounds and words). This ability is remarkable in itself. What makes it even more remarkable is that researchers are finding evidence for mastery of this complex skill in increasingly younger children. Infants as young as 12 months are reported to have sensitivity to the grammar needed to understand causative sentences (who did what to whom; e.g. the bunny pushed the frog (Rowland & Noble, 2010). After more than 60 years of research into child language development, the mechanism that enables children to segment syllables and words out of the strings of sounds they hear, and to acquire grammar to understand and produce language is still quite an enigma. Early Theories One of the earliest scientific...
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...Engaging the Health Care Workforce The restructuring of the health care industry and ongoing efforts to improve quality are changing how the work of health care is organized. Many health care workers are taking on new roles and responsibilities. Some are excited by these changes and the new opportunities they create. Others are unsure about whether their training has adequately prepared them for the dramatic changes that are taking place. While understanding the need for change, many of these workers are asking for more of a voice in the process of change. The challenge for industry leaders is to harness the tremendous talent, energy and commitment of the ten million people who have been drawn to work in the health care industry because of its strong sense of mission. In order to improve the quality of health care, they must build a health care workforce that is strongly dedicated to caring for patients, knowledgeable and well trained, committed to continuous quality improvement and cooperative work, secure in their employability, confident in the safety of their work, fairly compensated, and competent in caring for the wide diversity of the American people. RECOMMENDATIONS The training of physicians, nurses, and other health care workers must change to meet the demands of a changing health care industry. Education and training of health workers should provide those individuals with greater experience in working in interdisciplinary teams, the provision of care in nonhospital...
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...•behaviourism-the study of behaviour in an objective way. •social learning theory/cognitive behaviourism •attachment theory •evolutionary theory •behavioural genetics •Piaget’s theory of cognitive development •Erikson’s theory •developmental systems Define and describe the following research methods •correlational study •experimental study •cross sectional study •longitudinal study Study Questions 1. Define cohort and briefly summarize at least one major difference in how different cohorts, past and present, are experiencing childhood, old age, and adulthood (pp. 5-9). Cohorts are the birth group we grow up with through life. The past childhood cohort was growing up in a time when there wasn’t terrorism, internet, and when a child would quit school to help his fathers business. Nowadays, children are exposed to the media, social cliques and must stay in school for the duration of there childhood years. 2. Summarize the impact of socio-economic status, culture and ethnicity, and gender on development (pp.9-12). In the developing world, people are struggling for survival and their living standards are very bad, while in the developed world, things are the opposite. Culture and ethnicity place a huge tax on the development of man or woman. There are many different types of culture and ethnicity based on our parents’ background in most cases. In a Collectivist culture, one might be accustomed to hiding his feelings and always allowing the...
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