Margaret Nadeau
Network Essentials Chapter 6
11/22/2014
Review Questions 1. D 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. C 6. A 7. C 8. B 9. B 10. D 11. A 12. C 13. C 14. C 15. C 16. D 17. D 18. B 19. C 20. D
Case Project 6-1
A router forwards data packets by performing "traffic direction" functions between two more separate networks and/or between different computers on the same network. You can use the ipconfig command to get host computer configuration information, including the IP address, mac address, your adapter info and router or switch info, subnet mask, and default gateway. the tracert command can be used to check the path to the destination IP address that you want to reach. The tracert command displays the series of IP routers that are used in delivering packets from your computer to the destination and how long it took on each hop. If the packets are unable to be delivered to the destination, the tracert command displays the last router that successfully forwarded your packets.
To get more detailed information about throughput rates and to determine what the physical topology is you need to be able to access the equipment and telco rooms because there might be some hidden problems. Like the equipment may not be compatible causing errors on the network and the cables, ports on connectivity devices, and data jacks have to be labeled and according to TIA/EIA standards.
Case Project 6-2
The telcom room is located on the 1st floor of the Connect Spree and there are 4 internal servers, Internet Service and 4 routers inside the telcom room. Black solid line shows the connection of 4 internal servers to routers and the connection of 4 routers with each other. Red solid lines show the connection between routers and switches. The green solid lines show the connection between switches. The blue dashed lines show the data flow. I will have to draw this out to pass it in unless you have some kind of template I can use as I don’t have VISIO or know how to use it.
Case Project 6-3
A VLAN is added for the Accounting department, in order to allow different LANs to exchange data, there will be a need to connect the other LANs through a Layer 3 device, such as a router or a higher-layer switch so that there can be interaction with other devices otherwise it can potentially cut off a group from the rest of the network, users would be able to exchange data with each other, but they would not be able to download data from the file server etc because the servers would not be included in the VLAN. If workgroup A wants to print to a printer in another workgroup B it will create a transmission containing the address of the workgroup B printer and send a packet to the switch from the workgroup A. When the switch receives the transmission, it checks the MAC address for the printer and determines if the message should be transmitted. It forwards the message to router C. Router C examines the destination network address in each packet and consults its router table to find out where the packet needs to go and then determines the most efficient way of delivering the message. It then sends the data to router D. Router C will increase the number of hops counted in all the packets. Each time a packet passes through a router, it has made a hop. Packets can only take a 15 hops before they are discarded. After it increments the number of hops tallied in each packet, router C forwards the data to router D. Router D increments each packet's hop count, reads each packet's destination network address, and sends them to switch E. Based on the destination MAC address in the packets, switch E delivers the transmission to workgroup A. The printer picks up the message, and then begins printing.
Case Project 6-4
ISP (Internet Service Provider) - organization or company that connects an individual computer or a computer network to the Internet, therefore allowing for communication and collaboration with millions of other computers and their users.
LAN or WAN allows computers in the network to communicate between each other internally. This can be very useful for sharing information and resources (such as printers)
A router that directs data between nodes on an autonomous LAN is known as an interior router. They direct data between an employee's workstation and his supervisor's workstation in an office down the hall. Another type of router is an exterior router. Exterior routers direct data between nodes external to a given autonomous LAN. Routers that operate on the Internet backbone are exterior routers. Between interior and exterior routers are border routers (or gateway routers). Routers connect an autonomous LAN with a WAN. For example, the router that connects a business with its ISP is a border router.

There are three types of routing protocols, distance-vector, link-state, or a hybrid of distance-vector and link-state. The simplest type is distance-vector which decides the best route for data based on the distance to a destination. Some distance vector routing protocols only factor in the number of hops to the destination, while others take into account latency and other network traffic characteristics. Distance vector routing protocols periodically exchange their route information with neighboring routers. However, routers relying on this type of routing protocol must accept the data they receive from their neighbors. A distance-vector routing protocol suited to WAN is BGP (Border Gateway Protocol). BGP communicates using BGP-specific messages that travel between routers over TCP sessions. ConnectSpree would use BGP, which is a border router.