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Case Study of Detroit, Mi

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Case Study of Detroit, MI
Michael Harker
BIO 201-2 Public Health and the Environment

Although the city of Detroit, Michigan has been hit by hard times over the last 50 years or so, people and businesses are coming together in order to change the city and its residents. “Detroit has a long and storied 300-year history, but the heart and soul of Detroit is its residents” (City of Detroit, 2013, para.1). In the early to mid-1900’s Detroit used to be known as the auto industry of the world however, because of cheaper labor overseas and in the southern part of the United States thousands of Detroit residents ended up losing their jobs. These auto industry workers were the main income earners for their families but due to the loss of thousands upon thousands of auto industry jobs, entire neighborhoods in Detroit now sit vacant and abandoned. According to Jackson and Sinclair the authors of Designing Healthy Communities, the city of Detroit once had a population of two million people but has been declining over the last 50 years. In 1950 Detroit was the fourth largest city in the United States, however by 1990 the population was down to 1 million people and by 2006 there were only 871,000 residents. (Jackson & Sinclair, 2012). This continued downward spiral of the city’s population has seen many younger and highly skilled people looking to leave Detroit, leaving behind an older generation of city residents who are left to fend for themselves and who require more city services than the younger residents who are moving away.
Some of the issues that currently affect the city of Detroit are racial and poverty issues. The state of Michigan once played an integral part in the Underground Railroad, allowing thousands of former slaves and African-Americans to take refuge in the free states of the North. According to the 2010 census performed by the United States government, the city of Detroit has an overwhelmingly large percent of their population that is African-American. The 2010 census showed that African-Americans accounted for 82.69% of the population in Detroit (CensusViewer, 2013). Detroit also is dealing with a poverty rate that is much larger than the rest of the state of Michigan that is causing a continued economic depression in the city. “Data from 2007 show that 33.8 percent of Detroit residents have income levels below the poverty lie, versus 14 percent statewide” (Jackson & Sinclair, 2012, p.142). Jackson and Sinclair also mention that when you factor in part-time workers looking for full-time work and unemployed job seekers who have given up looking for work, that there is a 50 percent unemployment rate. These kinds of statistics show that Detroit is continuing to deal with the country wide economic recession while most other cities and states are in the process of recovery.
The diagnosis for Detroit and the key to the city recovering is the 138 square miles of land and how this land should be used in support of the residents and the city itself. This land is the major key to turning around the fortunes of the city. One suggestion for improving the city is through using open fields and turning these open fields into gardens that can be used to grow nutritious and healthy foods for the surrounding residents. These gardens not only provide healthy food to the residents but also provides for healthy interaction among community members by allowing residents to help work on the garden. There also needs to be a vision for the future and development plan for how the city will look and affects its citizens. This vision and plan needs to include a variety of housing as well as the use of mixed use buildings that can offer housing as well as retail and or commercial space for businesses. By offering different types of housing throughout the city, people and families of all different sizes and incomes can become mixed together to better support their neighborhood as well as the city as a whole.
Now that the city of Detroit has admitted that they have a problem and are starting to work on fixing the problem, they have started to develop open spaces and community gardens throughout the entire city. My community action plans involves a proposed bike path/walkway throughout certain neighborhoods of the city of Cincinnati. This proposed bike and walking path leads past open fields that are currently not in use, however with a new pathway going past these abandoned spaces there is the potential to turn those spaces into gardens or parks that can continue to help cure the national epidemic of obesity and diabetes. By looking at the city of Detroit, the leaders of this proposed pathway leaders and visionaries can see a successful attempt to help fight against obesity and diabetes.

References
CensusViewer. (2013). Detroit Michigan population. Retrieved from http://censusviewer.com/city/MI/Detroit
City of Detroit. (2013). Residents. Retrieved from https://www.detroitmi.gov/Residents/tabid/56/Default.aspx
Jackson, R.J. & Sinclair, S. (2012). Designing healthy communities. San Francisco, CA: Jossey- Bass.

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