...Silent Spring - How Rachel Carson Changed the World On September 27, 1962 Rachel Carson released her sixth book, Silent Spring. On publication day, the advance sales of Silent Spring totaled 40,000 copies and another 150 copies were sent to the Book of the Month Club (Frontline: Fooling With Nature, 1998). Silent Spring remained on the bestseller list for almost a year. The world was beginning to take notice. Countless experts and organizations have proclaimed Rachel Carson’s book the starting point of the environmental movement. Carson described numerous case studies where the use of hazardous pesticides, insecticides, and other chemicals led to environmental problems all over the world. Whether directly or indirectly, everything in the environment is connected and affected by each other. Silent Spring describes, in depth, the harmful effects that chemical control has placed on all components of the environment. They include: air, water, land, wildlife, plant life, and humans. I will discuss each of these categories as examined in Silent Spring along with my personal analysis. First I will discuss the damage from chemicals released in the air. Aerial spraying of pesticides, mostly DDT, began on a small scale over farms and forests. With the development of new insecticides and the availability of planes from the war, the sky almost literally turned into a shower of toxic chemicals. The justification behind the massive sprayings of the 1950âs was to exterminate exotic species...
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...Rachel Carson’s Silent Spring was published in September 27, 1962, it triggered a storm of disputes over the use of chemical pesticides. Her book helped raise awareness for the environment, warn humans of the dangers of using pesticides such as DDT, preserve several plant and animal species, and make the atmosphere cleaner. Her intent in writing Silent Spring was to warn the public of the dangers related with pesticide use. Throughout her book are countless case studies documenting the harmful effects that chemical pesticides have had on the environment. Along with these facts, she explains how in many occasions the pesticides have done more harm than good in eliminating the pests they were supposed to destroy. Carson points out that many of the long-term effects that these chemicals may have on the environment, as well as us humans, are still unknown in addition to her report. The argument in Carson’s Silent Spring led to the passing of environmental legislation and the establishment of government agencies to better regulate the use of these chemicals (Griswold 2012). Kairos: While working for the U.S. Bureau of Fisheries, Miss Carson first became aware of the effects of chemical pesticides on the natural environment. Her main concern was the government’s use of chemical pesticides such as DDT, a colorless substance used as an insecticide that is toxic to humans and animals when swallowed or absorbed through the skin (Guralnik 1970). She was familiar with the studies of DDT and...
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...last name and publication date are enough for the reader to identify the complete reference in the references list. See the examples below for variations of this general rule. Author’s name in text APA Manual 6.11 (p. 174) If you cite the author’s name in your paper, cite only the publication year in parentheses at the end of the sentence: Citing two authors APA Manual 6.12 (p. 175) Cite both authors’ last names and the publication date every time you refer to the work in your paper. In parentheses, use an ampersand (&) to separate the authors’ names: In Silent Spring, Carsen (1962) made an intelligent and passionate case for the immediate cessation of careless and pervasive pesticide use. They believe that a key aspect of the growth of dance on the American cultural scene has been the expansion of dance education in varied forms (Kraus & Hilsendager, 1981). References Carsen, R. (1962). Silent spring. Greenwich, CT: Fawcett. Citing three, four, or five authors APA Manual 6.12 (p. 175) Cite all the authors’ last names and the publication date the first time you refer to the work. If you refer the work...
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...Management 317: Organizational Behavior Spring Semester, 2012: 12:40-2:00 p.m. Tuesday & Thursday Professor: Dr. Kathi Lovelace Office/Email: Florence Moore 310A, kathi.lovelace@menlo.edu, (650) 543-3848 Office Hours: Tuesdays & Thursdays: 10:45-12:45 p.m., and by appointment. From March 1 to April 19: Thursdays 5:00-5:50 p.m. Required Texts/Materials: 1. Robbins, S. & Judge, T. (2012). Essentials of Organizational Behavior (11th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall. 3. MyManagementLab: This is an additional online resource that goes with our textbook. More information will be provided the first week of class (e.g., how to register, how we will use it). 2. Readings, case studies and other class materials will be posted on our Moodle http://menlo.mrooms3.net and Menlo Library http://apps.menlo.edu/library/courses/reserves.php sites. Please log-in the first week of class to ensure you can access our sites. Course Description and Approach: Organizational Behavior (OB) “is a field of study that investigates the impact that individuals, groups and structure have on behavior in organizations” (Robbins & Judge, 2012; pg.2). Topics include perceptions, personality, team dynamics, problem-solving, communication and collaboration, conflict management, and motivation. Building positive organizational cultures, understanding power and influence and leading and managing change effectively and ethically are also key topics covered...
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...In the book, Steingraber explains that investing in green energy will help prevent cancer, since synthetic chemicals linked to cancer come mostly from petroleum and coal. Saving the planet then becomes a matter of saving ourselves. The science in the text strengthens the case for banning poisons now pervasive in our air, our food, our water and our bodies. In this second edition of Living Downstream, Steingraber describes her experience of watchful waiting, the process of making a film adaptation and the latest scientific developments in the field of environmental cancer research. These developments are outlined in “six clear trends that have emerged in our understanding of the environment’s contribution to cancer.” Steingraber goes on to explain her personal and professional reasons for feeling hopeful, including the following two facts: First, we can do something about the environment’s influence on human cancer (unlike our genes, which we cannot alter). Second, the synthetic chemicals connected to cancer are largely derived from petroleum and coal; therefore, with investments in green energy we will investment in cancer prevention. The foreword concludes with the story of the “de-normalization” of smoking and a passionate call for the same precautionary approach to other known and suspected carcinogens. I myself do not smoke, but I am a victim of second hand smoke directly, because my mother smokes and has since I was born, (that is 22 years of second hand smoke). The...
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...Case Study BAC 7114 The Ethics of Bankruptcy: Jetsgo Corporation Case 2: The Ethics of Bankruptcy: Jetsgo Corporation The discount airline Jetsgo Corporation began operations in June 2002. Within two-and-half years it grew to become Canada's third-largest airline, moving approximately 17,000 passengers per day on its fleet of 29 airplanes, 15 of which were company-owned Fokker F100s. With 1,200 employees, the company serviced 20 locations in Canada, a dozen in the Caribbean, and 10 in the United States. Jetsgo was a private company owned by Michel Leblanc. Leblanc had lived his life around airplanes. His father owned a flight school; he learnt to fly at 16. In his twenties he was an aircraft salesman; in 1978 he co-owned an eleven airplane forest-spraying business. From 1985 to 1990 he was a partner in Intair a regional airline in Quebec. In 1991, he and a new partner started Royal Aviation Inc., which he sold in 2001 for $84 million in stocks to Canada 3000. Although he was subsequently sued by Canada 3000 for providing inaccurate financial information, the case was never tried because Canada 3000 went into bankruptcy protection in November 2001. In June 2002 he launched Jetsgo. On Friday March 11,2005. Just before the busy Spring-break travel week, Jetsgo entered bankruptcy protection stranding thousands of passengers who could not return home and annoying those who could not leave on their spring-break holiday. Throughout its short life, Jetsgo was plagued with both...
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...Environment Science Environmental Science is a study of how different components of the environment transmit through physical and biological components. Environmental science covers various methods of studies in the fields of Ecology, Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Geology and Geography through the education of environmental systems. (Carson, 2002). Science and technology affects the issues in our society, for example, the experiment of human cloning has brought controversy and society became skeptic. Environmental awareness among the communities has grown in the past decade, when it became known that human actions were damaging to the atmosphere. The role of Science and Technological investigation in protecting the environment has also grown. Investigation established the situation of the environment to human well-being as well as the financial, societal, and artistic harm that can stalk from deprived environmental performs. Study has recommended habits to control harmful study without experiencing extreme costs. For instance, technical and manufacturing examination has delivered cost-effective habits to reduce the contamination in air and safety of a healthy aquatic life everywhere. There is no doubt that Science and Technology has recognized the areas, which are most valuable to the human civilizations and has assist to reserve natural ecologies. Several concerns of science and technological areas of which are important, where the research is going on in the field of environmental...
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...Conditions in Russia and Their Effect . . . . Kouznetsov and Jones CONDITIONS IN RUSSIA AND THEIR EFFECTS ON ENTRY MODE DECISIONS OF MULTINATIONAL MANUFACTURING ENTERPRISES: A QUALITATIVE STUDY IDENTIFYING ISSUES FOR FURTHER RESEARCH IN THE AREA OF COUNTRY CONDITIONS AND THEIR IMPACT ON ENTRY MODE ALEX KOUZNETSOV, Melbourne Institute of Technology ASHELEY JONES, Melbourne Institute of Technology This study examines entry modes employed by foreign multinational manufacturing enterprises (MMEs) when entering Russia. This exploratory study focuses on country-specific conditions associated with the chosen entry mode - an important component in the consideration of overall entry strategy. Information from field studies representing 18 manufacturers – 10 directly manufacturing in Russia and 8 selling their products in Russia via representative/sales offices – was obtained by means of personal interviews with senior management in Moscow and constituted the primary qualitative data. Research questions are posed for further examination of conditions in Russia and the effects of such conditions on the entry mode decisions of MMEs. The study finds economic conditions to be the only important determinant of entry modes for large multinational manufacturing companies investing in Russia with other country factors playing no role in their choices. INTRODUCTION With the expansion of global business activity, the ability to analyze the key characteristics of potential...
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...business law, because all laws affect business in some way or another. - Regulatory law seeks to prevent past harms (eg. pollution and discrimination) from recurring and to clean up the results of past harms. - It is difficult to make current business clean up the messes caused by past businesses because the current business did not cause the current mess. - Congress’s constitutional authority always goes back to the Commerce Clause regulating interstate commerce. - Discrimination is illegal if it is arbitrary and based on a person's race, gender. Remember, that people make reasonable discriminations in all areas of life such as picking mates, hiring employees, etc. - For offensive conduct to be a legal case there must be a pattern of conduct, it must be offensive to a reasonable person in the same situation and it must create a hostile workplace environment - A bona fide occupationa qualitication (BFOQ) is any identifiable characteristic (other than race) reasonably necessary to the successful operation of a business. Two examples: a Catholic school can determine that religion is a BFOQ to teaching and a restaurant can...
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...Science and Technology Consider: * Science and its impact on society * Scientific developments & effect on man; environment etc. * The Sciences VS the Humanities * Science & Religion Definitions: * Science - study of nature and the knowledge we gain through observations and experiments * Scientific discovery - finding out about something about the existing workings of nature that was not known before * Technology - application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes (e.g. antibiotics and their uses) * Invention - newly created product/process Science today causes as many problems as it solves. * Horrible pervasions of science * E.g. Invention of poison gas (holocaust), war against Japan ended with the atomic bomb * Even when science is intended to benefit humans, unintended consequences could occur. * E.g. Rachel carson's silent spring (1963) awakened the world to the dangers of pollution * How science in the service of business can produce catastrophic results ; pesticides for farms -> Are we blinded by profit so much so we don't do not care about the environment? * *air pollution is the biggest cause of human deaths today Science, money and value * Science is very much subservient to business interest today -> values of those who seek fame and fortune creep into science: profit often determines the direction of science, influencing the choice of problem investigated by scientists ...
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...1) Norgaard discusses “ways of knowing, forms of social organizations and types of technologies.” What changes have occurred in society, the US and globally, in the last century that have causes society to begin to be concerned with environmental issues? Why might these be thought of as new challenges to human society? Response: Many changes have occurred in the United States of America over the last century that has led to the concern of environmental issues. First is the issue of industrialization and creation of wealth. Research shows that as a result of more industries being built and operated, there was a large emission of carbon monoxide gas (and other effluents of factory) into the atmosphere. The emission affected the environment in a number of ways. The emission of industrial gases into the atmosphere will lead to the destruction of ozone layer. Due to9 this, the life in the planet will be endangered because there will be excessive heat. Such changes have occurred and it has forced the society to think about how they will react to avert such negative changes from harming the life. Many nations across the world has come together to address the plight of Environmental issues. 2) Discuss the seeming duality between the concepts of “extraction” and “preservation.” Focusing on Norgaard’s coevolution theory, explain that a middle ground may actually be more beneficial for both humans and ecosystems. Response Economically, extraction of natural resources...
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...Arab Spring: Ben Ali and Hosni Moubarak knocked out by Mark Zuckerberg Source: Egyptian Internet Revolution, crazyjunkyard.com 26 years old Mohamed Bouazizi supported a large family selling fruits on the streets of Sidi Bouzid. For years, corrupted local officials who demanded backhander at every term have tormented him and other sellers in the market. On Friday December the 17th Mohamed set up his tools near the central mosque. This day, he did not have the money needed to pay the bribes to be there. The corrupted police officers arrived and took everything from him. They stood in front of him smacked him in the face and kicked him on the floor. Humiliated, Mohamed got upset and started to cry. He headed to the town police station and tried to press charges against those who assaulted him. No one listened to him. He was terribly upset and disappointed by the fact that he could not rely on his authorities for justice to be done. He then went to the closest shop and bought a bottle of fuel. He returned in front of the police station with the fuel, chose a spot in front of the building, poured the fuel over himself and then set himself on fire as a sign of protest and disagreement toward those who refused to listen to his complaints. Horrifically injured, Mohamed was taken to the hospital. Bouazizi hopeless act quickly became popular throughout the city and across the Arab world. The next day, hundreds of people gather at the spot where Mohamed had set himself alight....
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...AN EXPLORATORY STUDY OF EMPLOYEE SILENCE: ISSUES THAT EMPLOYEES DON’T COMMUNICATE UPWARD AND WHY FRANCES J. MILLIKEN New York University Stern School of Business Department of Management and Organizational Behavior 44 West 4th Street, 7th Floor New York, NY 10012 Tele: 212-998-0227 Fax: 212-995-4235 e-mail: fmillike@stern.nyu.edu ELIZABETH W. MORRISON New York University Stern School of Business Department of Management and Organizational Behavior 44 West 4th Street, 7th Floor New York, NY 10012 Tele: 212-998-0230 Fax: 212-995-4235 e-mail: emorriso@stern.nyu.edu PATRICIA F. HEWLIN New York University Stern School Of Business Department of Management and Organizational Behavior 40 West 4th Street, 7th Floor New York, N.Y. 10012 Tele: 212-998-0388 Fax: 212-995-4235 e-mail: phewlin@stern.nyu.edu November 4, 2003 We would like to thank Roger Dunbar for all his help with this paper and for acting as the consulting editor in charge of this manuscript, Jane Dutton, Amy Wrzesniewski and the anonymous reviewers for their very helpful comments on earlier drafts of this paper. 2 AN EXPLORATORY STUDY OF EMPLOYEE SILENCE: ISSUES THAT EMPLOYEES DON’T COMMUNICATE UPWARD AND WHY Abstract There is evidence from a variety of sources that employees often do not feel comfortable speaking to their bosses about organizational problems or issues that concern them. The purpose of this study was to shed light on the types of issues that employees are reluctant to raise, and identify why...
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...The first of many lawsuits began with farmers and beekeepers who sought compensation for their losses and to stop the aerial spraying of DDT. A similar case in 1957 sought to stop the spraying of DDT over Long Island, this case gaining enough traction to go to the Supreme Court, though they declined to hear it. One of the people who played a massive role in the fight against DDT was Rachel Carson and her book Silent Spring put out in 1962. Carson’s book detailed the impacts upon the environment DDT created; the book became so widespread and known that it generated massive public support for the banning of DDT. The impact of her book and the public opinion created a decline in the use of DDT, which reached its maximum use in 1961 in the Unite States while globally it took until 1964 for use to decrease. The United States began the process of truly determining the safety of DDT in 1963 with the President’s Science Advisory Committee being charged with reanalyzing pesticides use. Because of the Committee’s findings, it was determined...
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...Table of Contents Table of Contents…………………………………………………………………………..Page 1 Abstract…………………………………...……………………………………………………...2 History of the Clean Water Act..……………………………………………………...…………3 The Purpose and Intent of the Clean Water Act……………………….…......………………….5 Summary of the Clean Water Act...........................................................................................…. .5 How the Clean Water Act affects Businesses………………………………………..…………..6 Conclusion…………………………………………………………………...…………………..10 References……………………………………………………………………………………….11 Appendix Case Study …………………………………………………………………………...………..7 Abstract This paper was written with the attempt to educate the reader on the inception and brief history of “clean water act of 1972”. Before this important law companies used our waterways as liquid landfills. This law was one of many that was desperately needed to help make America a better place for generations to come. Antonio Hines Environmental Science November 3, 2014 The Clean Water Act of 1972 History of the Clean Water Act Dead fish floating in our river ways and different wildlife lying on the banks of our streams was common place in the early 60’s. In Ohio, the Cuyahoga River in Cleveland was so polluted that it caught fire – for the tenth time! Time Magazine reported that Lake Erie was dying from all the waste dumped into it. Saint Louis took its drinking water from the muddy Missouri River because it had gotten to the point that no one wanted...
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