...environmental factors that can affect our stress levels and sometimes we cannot control the outcome of these events, these are basic ups and downs of life. An example of an external stressor is a catastrophe. Catastrophe is an unpredictable, large scale event that can create a magnificent need to adapt or adjust your lifestyle. An example of a catastrophe would be an earthquake or your house burning down. Another huge stressor in our lives could be a major life change. It could be something from a death in the family, to a family move from one city to another, or it could be as simple as a job change.There are certain environmental factors that can affect our stress levels and sometimes we cannot control the outcome of these events, these are basic ups and downs of life. An example of an external stressor is a catastrophe. Catastrophe is an unpredictable, large scale event that can create a magnificent need to adapt or adjust your lifestyle. An example of a catastrophe would be an earthquake or your house burning down. Another huge stressor in our lives could be a major life change. It could be something from a death in the family, to a family move from one city to another, or it could be as simple as a job change.There are certain environmental factors that can affect our stress levels and sometimes we cannot control the outcome of these events, these are basic ups and downs of life. An example of an external stressor is a catastrophe. Catastrophe is an unpredictable, large scale event...
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...Psychology Stress And Health Stress and Health Psychology Andrew Arnold March 25, 2010 Ever wonder about how stress affects our bodies and our health? This word stress is thrown around by the media so much it’s losing its meaning but have you ever wondered how they define stress? The Merriam-Webster dictionary defines stress as a physical, chemical, or emotional factor that causes bodily or mental tension and may be a factor in disease causation. Our text book defines stress as the term used to describe the physical, emotional, cognitive, and behavioral responses to events that are appraised as threatening or challenging. Stress-causing events are called stressors, they can come from external sources or from within us and can scale from relatively mild to quite serious. There are things, events, and conflicts that cause people to “stress-out.” These are called stressors. Stressors can be anything from something small, like being stuck in traffic during rush hour or something big like an earthquake or hurricane. Stressors can also be imaginary, such as financial stress such as, where the next mortgage payment will come from. There are two kinds of stressors, one is distress which is the bad stress and eustress which is the good stress that motivates us as people to do well. There are certain environmental factors that can affect our stress levels and sometimes we cannot control the outcome of these events, these are basic ups and downs of life. An example...
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...promoting behaviours than men. Family barriers include genetics, which children’s health behaviour is acquired, copying parental behaviour. Cultural barriers demonstrate the low knowledge of health preventative behaviours. 3. The major sources of stress covers life and terrible events as well as daily hassles. Life events are changes in an individual’s life, which will cause them to readjust. One of the few major stressors includes the death of a loved one, unemployed and acculturative stress. Immigrants and refugees go through acculturative stress as they try to adapt the new environment and culture and overcome the language barriers....
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...Stress and Health Psychology Andrew Arnold March 25, 2010 Ever wonder about how stress affects our bodies and our health? This word stress is thrown around by the media so much it’s losing its meaning but have you ever wondered how they define stress? The Merriam-Webster dictionary defines stress as a physical, chemical, or emotional factor that causes bodily or mental tension and may be a factor in disease causation. Our text book defines stress as the term used to describe the physical, emotional, cognitive, and behavioral responses to events that are appraised as threatening or challenging. Stress-causing events are called stressors, they can come from external sources or from within us and can scale from relatively mild to quite serious. There are things, events, and conflicts that cause people to “stress-out.” These are called stressors. Stressors can be anything from something small, like being stuck in traffic during rush hour or something big like an earthquake or hurricane. Stressors can also be imaginary, such as financial stress such as, where the next mortgage payment will come from. There are two kinds of stressors, one is distress which is the bad stress and eustress which is the good stress that motivates us as people to do well. There are certain environmental factors that can affect our stress levels and sometimes we cannot control the outcome of these events, these are basic ups and downs of life. An example of an external stressor is...
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...For good reason, the industry has focused its catastrophe management activities on natural hazards. Since 1970, 38 of the top 40 most costly CAT losses have resulted from natural hazards. Since 1989, global insurers and reinsurers have suffered multi-billion dollar losses from no fewer than 20 earthquakes, windstorms, tornadoes, hailstorms, winter-storms, fires, and floods. Moreover, there is a credible body of data and science that suggest that future events of greater magnitude than those that have recently occurred are not only likely, but also inevitable. RMS models suggest that the global P&C industry can expect an average of $20 billion in natural catastrophe losses per year, including the possibility for single event losses in excess of $100 billion. However, as a man-made catastrophe, the WTC attack suggests that the industry now broaden its view beyond natural hazards. Even prior to the September 11 terrorist attacks, man-made events such as industrial accidents, aviation losses, riots, fire, and explosion have contributed 20% of the total CAT losses over the past five years. In addition, some of the worst man-made disasters such as the Exxon Valdez, Bhopal, and Chernobyl could have cost the industry billions if they had occurred under slightly different circumstances. Even events on the margin of our contemporary history warrant a second look, such as the Great Chicago Fire of 1871, which prior to September 11 seemed irrelevant to today’s circumstances...
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...Stress can happen to anyone at any time. People always mistake stress as only negative things, but there are both good and bad stress. First of all, what is stress or the definition of it? Stress is “Any event or environmental stimulus that we respond to because we perceive it as challenging or threatening” (Pastorino 504). In simpler terms, any event that a person encounters that could be difficult or threatening can give an individual stress. All of our reactions to it differ to every type of stressor. Our bodily reactions are also included to how we react to stress. After that, we deal with the stress by coping. Stressors can be divided into sub categories like catastrophes, major life events, daily hassles, and conflicts. Major life events...
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...Stress by Ashley Strawder I. What Is Stress? Stress is the combination of psychological, physiological, and behavioral reactions that people have in response to events that threaten or challenge them. Stress can be good or bad. Sometimes, stress is helpful, providing people with the extra energy or alertness they need. Stress could give a runner the edge he or she needs to persevere in a marathon, for example. This good kind of stress is called eustress. Unfortunately, stress is often not helpful and can even be harmful when not managed effectively. Stress could make a salesperson buckle under the pressure while trying to make a sales pitch at an important business meeting, for example. Moreover, stress can increase the risk of developing health problems, such as cardiovascular disease and anxiety disorders. This bad kind of stress is called distress, the kind of stress that people usually are referring to when they use the word stress. A convenient way to think about stress is in terms of stressors and stress responses. Stressors are events that threaten or challenge people. They are the sources of stress, such as having to make decisions, getting married, and natural disasters. Stress responses are psychological, physiological, and behavioral reactions to stressors. Anxiety, depression, concentration difficulties, and muscle tension are all examples of stress responses. The connection between stressors and stress responses, however, is not as straight forward as it...
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...Stress (psychology), an unpleasant state of emotional and physiological arousal that people experience in situations that they perceive as dangerous or threatening to their well-being. The word stress means different things to different people. Some people define stress as events or situations that cause them to feel tension, pressure, or negative emotions such as anxiety and anger. Others view stress as the response to these situations. This response includes physiological changes-such as increased heart rate and muscle tension-as well as emotional and behavioral changes. However, most psychologists regard stress as a process involving a person's interpretation and response to a threatening event. Stress is a common thing we all experience. We may feel stress when we are very busy, have important deadlines to meet, or have too little time to finish all of our tasks. Often people experience stress because of problems at work or in social relationships, such as a poor evaluation by a supervisor or an argument with a friend. Some people may be particularly vulnerable to stress in situations involving the threat of failure or personal humiliation. Others have extreme fears of objects or things associated with physical threats-such as snakes, illness, storms, or flying in an airplane-and become stressed when they encounter or think about these perceived threats. Major life events, such as the death of a loved one, can cause severe stress. Stress can have both positive and negative...
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...services professional. Describe two possible interventions or tasks that you might be involved with in working with each population. What are some of the general skills a human services professional might need to work with these population? Our text illustrates that there are various populations within the homeless community. These people are homeless for different reasons, whether its voluntary or involuntarily. Runaways and Victims of environmental catastrophes are two homeless populations that I may have to work with in my career as a human services professional. According to the National Runaway Safe line, “Between 1.6 and 2.8 million youth run away in a year”. Children runaway for different reasons, these reasons may include abuse at home, a new step parent, birth or death in the family, problems at school or even peer pressure. Unfortunately running to the streets may create a greater problem for this population. Many runaways turn to drugs to help cope with the day to day life and stress of living on the streets. Money is not easy to come by so they will begin to steal, rob and even prostitute. As a human services professional I would get to know the Runaway as far as their family history, friends and education. I will also build on their strengths and help provide an outlet for them to utilize those strengths so that my client would feel that they are useful in society. I will encourage them to join a support group for individual in similar situations...
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...issues include greater stress and anxiety, feeling vulnerable, and higher rates of PTSD following a traumatic event. Children also face distinct challenges. PTSD is common in children that encounter a catastrophe. Symptoms such as depression, aggression, and social withdrawal may remain with some children throughout the rest of their lives. No child should have to live the rest of their lives with these crippling symptoms. Social factors also play a key role in how climate related tragedies affect people. People with less access to economic resources are more likely to have even more mental health issues. These individuals are not able to access resources or escape the catastrophe in time like others in a higher social class. It is important to realize the effect that catastrophes related to climate change can affect individuals in a multitude of ways. The feeling of anxiety and vulnerability will continue to affect individuals throughout their daily lives. It is important to realize that the actions we take each day can either affect someone for better or for worse. Overall, this article presents many facts and statistics showing how climate induced catastrophes can affect different individuals. The authors did an exceptional job at providing numerous accounts of environmental catastrophes and how they may affect each individual. There needs to be more promoted assistance for individuals who experience and struggle with the effects of a catastrophe. If individuals leave mental...
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...Using the text for this course, the University Library, the Internet, or other resources answer the following questions. Your response to each question must be at least 250 words in length. 1. What are the differences between physiological and psychological needs? Provide examples of each in your response. Answer: The differences between physiological needs and psychological needs are vast. One of the most important differences is that physiological needs are material as opposed to psychological need, which are mental and non-material in nature (Deckers, 2010). However, sometimes “psychological needs are assumed to emerge into consciousness from physiological needs (Deckers, 2010)”. The physiological needs entail the need for oxygen, water, vitamins, warmth, cool, rest, avoidance of pain, and urination among many others. In order to satisfy these needs, things like food, air, water, etc., must be provided. For example, to satisfy hunger, one would need to provide food. If the food is not provided, the person’s glucose level will become lower, they will probably suffer nausea, lightheadedness and low energy levels since the physiological needs are responsible for pushing the individual’s organism into action. Without the satisfaction of the physiological need, it is possible that the individual’s physical wellbeing would be negatively affected (Deckers, 2010). On the other hand, although psychological needs like physiological needs center around the notion of a...
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...1. Resilience is defined as the ability to defy stress and catastrophe. Humans have the ability to adapt and overcome risk and adversity. People are able to be resilient by pushing through the emotions, effects of stress and devastating events. 2. There are various factors of maintaining and developing resilience. Some factors include a positive outlook on life, spirituality, active coping, self-confidence, learning and making meaning and acceptance of limits. Developing and maintaining a positive outlook on life includes finding something to laugh about, calming and comforting yourself, recharge yourself before the next situation. It is also important to take time to relax and have time to yourself. An example of doing this is incorporating spirituality in your life by ways such as praying, meditating, or relaying on a value system or a set of guiding life principles. Active coping includes never giving up on trying to solve problem and seeking help when you need it. Being confident means expecting that you can handle the problem and knowing you will be able to bounce back from the stressful situation. Looking for meaning in the experience and understanding that bad things can and do happen to anyone. Accepting your limits means putting things into perspective and realize you will have times of joy and times of sadness. Through practising these factors, mental resilience will be a skill you will accomplish. 3. To destroy your resilience all you basically have to do...
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...Stress By Stress is a mental, emotional, or physical strain caused, e.g. by anxiety or overwork. It may cause such symptoms as raised blood pressure or depression (Encarta Dictionary: English, 2010). Stress is a slippery concept. We sometime use the word informally to describe threats or challenges, and at other times, to describe our responses. Stress is not just a stimulus or a response. It is the process by which we appraise and cope with environmental threats and challenges. Stress arises less from events themselves than from how we appraise them (Lazarus, 1998). Stressful life events are catastrophes, significant life changes, and daily hassles. Catastrophes are unpredictable events, such as car accidents, health problems, and wars. Although people often extend one another with aid as well as comfort during or after such events. Significant life changes are personal change, the death of a loved one, the loss of a job, leaving home for college, marriage, and divorce. Life transitions and insecurities are often keenly felt during young adulthood. Some life changes precede illnesses. Daily hassles consist of finding employment if unemployed, making a good grade on an exam, a good medical report if there is an illness, and handling busy schedules. Some people can shake off hassles, others are driven up the wall by them. People’s difficulties in letting go of unattainable goals is another everyday stressor with health consequences (Miller & Wrosch...
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...Voices from Chernobyl by Svetlana Alexievich is comprised of many personal accounts of the nuclear disaster in Chernobyl on April 26, 1986. The nuclear meltdown created by a destructed reactor caused a huge tragedy in Chernobyl. Workers, innocent citizens, and animals faced tremendous problems due to the catastrophe. They had many major health issues because radioactive chemicals were administered into their bodies and as a result, they just became very vulnerable to almost anything or anyone they touched. Any injury to their body can cause immediate harmful effects. Many people perished from the effects of radiation. Individuals who had been contaminated by the harmful radiation from the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant were actually called “Chernobylites.” (Alexievich 194). As a matter of fact, most of Europe was contaminated and affected by the nuclear disaster in Chernobyl in less than a week. (Alexievich 2). The effects of the nuclear disaster were so terrible that the people always lived in...
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...RESILLIENCE Resilience is the ability of people to cope with stress and catastrophe. It can also be defined as “exhibiting positive behavior even when even in adversity, threats tragedy etc.” it is the ability to bounce back after a disruption. It also means mental toughness, emotional toughness. Commonly used terms closely related to this word are; psychological resilience, emotional resilience, hardiness, resourcefulness and mental toughness. Resilience is also a construct concerning the exposure of adversity and the positive adjustment outcomes of that adversity. Adversity could be defined as any risk associated with negative life conditions that are statistically related to adjustment difficulties, such as poverty, experiences of disasters e.t.c. positive adaptation after these experiences can be termed as the absence of psychiatric distress. Resilience can be defined in many different ways, adequately accounting for cultural and contextual differences in how people or other systems expressed resilience. This is also where a different definition comes up as “the outcome from negotiations between individuals and their environments for the resources to define themselves as healthy amidst conditions collectively viewed as adverse.” Resilience can be viewed as: * Good outcomes regardless of high risk status * Constant competence under stress * Recovery from trauma and * Using challenges for growth that makes future hardships more tolerable. Resilient...
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