...Children today are faced with many developmental challenges while growing up. In this paper we will discuss some of the issues facing children in the adolescent age group in relation to emotional, cognitive and biological development. Through an observation of children interacting in this age group I was able to observe a few of the issues we will discuss that effect children’s abilities to build peer relationships, succeed in school and live happy healthy lives. One of the first thing I noticed in my observations was the difficulties in peer relationships in this age group (Redmond, 2014). Peer relationships provide children with more than just fun playmates. These peer relationships help children develop social skills, such as how to communicate, cooperate, and solve problems. While a positive peer relationships promotes emotional wellbeing in children, the lack of peer relationships can be very problematic. Problems arise when children are rejected by peers or are simply ignored, or neglected. Through my research I have discovered numerous factors that contribute to problems in children's peer relationships such as social behavior, family problems and a lack of self-esteem. Social Behavior, is one problem encountered by children when trying to build peer relationships. Some children display aggressive or disruptive behavior, while others withdraw or shy away from peer relationships. Other children tend to encounter social rejection when they are perceived to be different...
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...they may complain of chronic pain in various body areas for which no physical cause can be found. Effects of Complex Trauma. (2014). Retrieved September 7, 2014. Think of what it is like for young children to be in traumatic situations. They can feel totally helpless and passive. They can cry for help or desperately wish for someone to intervene. They can feel deeply threatened by separation from parents or caretakers. Young children rely on a "protective shield" provided by adults and older siblings to judge the seriousness of danger and to ensure their safety and welfare. They often don't recognize a traumatic danger until it happens, for example, in a near drowning, attack by a dog, or accidental scalding. They can be the target of physical and sexual abuse by the very people they rely on for their own protection and safety. Young children can witness violence within the family or be left helpless after a parent or caretaker is injured, as might occur in a serious automobile accident. They have the most difficulty with their intense physical and emotional reactions. They become really upset when they hear cries of distress from a parent or caretaker. Understanding Child Traumatic Stress. (2014). Retrieved September 7, 2014. http://www.nctsn.org/resources/audiences/parents-caregivers/understanding-child-traumatic-stress Each year in the United States approximately five million children...
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...‘Children as young as seven’ (Doherty, 2011, p.09) are being admitted into hospitals to receive treatment for Anorexia Nervosa (AN) and Bulimia Nervosa (BN), both eating disorders (ED) characterised by restricting and bingeing the amount of food they intake. Both stress and social support are factors which can lead to having negative effects on a child if they are implemented incorrectly. In saying this, stressful circumstances such as bullying and a need to live up to parent’s expectations can be both socially and psychologically stressful for a child to have to experience. Similarly, social support is a key factor in reducing the number of children being diagnosed with eating disorders as it enables a child to understand the importance of good friendships and can help a child avoid suffering from social phobia. Although nobody knows the exact causes of AN; (Ehrlich, 2008, Causes Section, para.10) ‘many experts agree that several factors work together in a complex fashion to lead to the eating disorder’. Children can often ‘feel worried, anxious and unable to cope’ (Wilkinson and Marmot, 2003, pg.12) if parents continue to stress their child to meet high expectations. Evidence shows that ‘Women with eating disorders are less effective in their coping than women without eating disorders’ (Troop, Holbrey and Treasure, 1998, pg.157), therefore coping with an ED at a young age would be much more difficult. ‘Continuing anxiety, insecurity, low self-esteem, social isolation and lack...
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...the behaviour of children AO2 Childhood Stress and Anxiety What is stress and anxiety? Both adults and children can suffer from stress and anxiety. It is important to remember that just because someone may be small or young it doesn’t mean that they don’t have the same feeling as adults do. Children can experience all sorts of strong feelings about what is happening to them. Therefore it is natural for some children to suffer from anxiety and stress. Young children will be experiencing a lot of new things in their lives such as leaving their parents for the first time, starting nursery and school, having to make new friends, being in new environments, learning to trust people who aren’t their parents, learning new skills such as speaking, walking and toilet training. These can all become stressful times for children. In some circumstances it can be made even worse by having parents who are arguing or going through a divorce. This can cause a lot of stress on the child and the parents may not even know the true affect that the circumstances are having on the child. Also a death of a family member or friend can cause a lot of stress on a child. When someone is stressed then this can also lead to having anxiety problems as well. This means that when someone is stressed they may have feelings of anxiety. Anxiety is defined as ‘apprehension without apparent cause’ this means that anxiety can occur even when there is no immediate threat. Anxiety often causes people to feel like...
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...Poverty…. which is defined as the state of being extremely poor. There are two types of poverty that are known, absolute and relative poverty. Absolute poverty is lacking the need of food and shelter, which is necessary for a person to survive throughout life. And relative poverty is those who are stable, but lacking the needs of most Americans because of their financial status. There are many reasons that cause poverty. For example, loss of job and not being able to find work. But many Americas believe that poverty is caused by the poor, because of the belief that you can do anything in America. Poverty can cause health problems for children growing up also. Things such as chronic stress, and experiencing difficult things throughout childhood...
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...abuse is one of the biggest problems facing America today. Children whose parents abuse them often turn to a life of crime, or suffer physical or mental scars. In severe cases the child may even die. In Saint Louis a boy was attacked by a pack of dogs, after he had finished playing basketball at the local court. If his mother had reported him missing he may have been found in time to rescue him, instead he bled to death under a tree. (Davis 3A) Of course this is an extreme case of child abuse, and it is often not this severe. The best way to prevent child neglect is to start family planning at an earlier age. It is tough for many people to understand why anyone would abuse a child, but it happens more than people think. Intergenerational transmission of violence is a major cause of child abuse. Children who were abused when they were young are more likely to be abusive when they grow up and have children. (Compton’s 1) Some studies have shown that thirty percent of abused children grow up to be abusive parents. Children who were not abused and grow up to have children are much less likely to be abusive parents, only two to three percent of people will be abusive. (Child Abuse and Neglect 1) People would tend to question why a child who knows how hard it was when they were young would grow up and do this to their child. Children grow up thinking that everything their parents do is right. The problem is when these children are abused they don’t often learn that it is the wrong thing...
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...Child Molestation: Causes, Effects, and Prevention Table of Contents I. Introduction • Statement of the Problem • Purpose of the Study • Significance of the Study • Historical Background II. Causes: An Examination of the Aggressor • Depression • Drug/Alcohol Abuse • Sexual Deficiencies II. Effects of Child Molestation • Posttraumatic Stress Disorder • Changes in Social Interaction • Promiscuity III. Solutions/Prevention • Education • Monitoring • Medical/Psychological Treatment for Aggressor IV. Discussions and Conclusion V. References Introduction After viewing the recently released, “Precious”, a movie based upon the novel “Push” by Sapphire, it has become overwhelmingly apparent that child molestation is a widespread plague that has affected many young women across the United States of America. Child molestation is an act in which an adult or older adolescent abuses a child for sexual gratification and stimulation. This selfish and perverted act has proven to cause devastating short term affects on adolescents. This study will examine the possible causes of this type of behavior; primarily examining the aggressor. It will also detail some of the short term affects that arise among the victims, such as the psychological and social ramifications. It is also of necessity to note the possible solutions to prevent such actions from taking place. This is a problem that is worthy of much consideration and recognition because statistics show that...
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...sentence a young child’s parents will be dead. Death of a parent cause short and long term effects behavioral and psycologically. The first thing a child does is learning how to cope without the parent. Mourning is the best way to adapt. A child has difficulty to cope with the parent’s death due to them not knowing how to mourn or understand death at a young age. Failure to do has an effect on growth and adjustment. The most difficult mourning process for a child is detaching the love from the deceased parent. There use to looking up at that parent to do things for them since there so young. When a child sees a parent dies it causes traumatic stress. It effects them behavioral and psychologically. The child relives the death of the parent all through out there life. When a parent is dying it is best for the child to be removed. When a child is removed it’s least likely for them to suffer from stress and the emotional attachment with the death of the parent. Almost all kids that loose a parent are hyperactivity. Hyperactivity comes from the children wanting opposite of death. When we explain death to a child you usually say mom and daddy are sleeping for a long time and not going to wake up. So the child takes it as if I sleep I’m not going to wake up so this causes an increase in hyperactivity so the child does not feel like they’re going to die. The best way for this not to happen is actually to explain death. But in some cases it shows that some children mimic death...
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...Chronic illness has a large effect on everyone, no matter what the age. In adolescents, they are still dependent on their parents as their caregivers, and are old enough to understand and make decisions for themselves. Chronic illness has been defined as “an illness that is prolonged in duration, does not often resolve spontaneously, and is rarely cured completely.” (Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing). Adolescence is “a period of rapid physical, psychological, emotional and social development during which young people develop a sense of an independent identity, focus on peer acceptance, and plan for the future and then develop romantic and intimate relationships.” (Erickson 1963, Suris et al 2004 Christie & Viner 2005). Young people with chronic illness have the same developmental issues as those who are perfectly healthy. Hundreds of studies have been undertaken in regards to how chronic illness impact the lives of adolescents and the people around them. One example is the Methodological quality was assessed using criteria described by Cesario et al (Journal of Obstetrics, Gynaecology& Neonatal Nursing 31 2002 31) and the conclusion was that 20 studies identified involving young people with wide variety of chronic illnesses. Seven common themes were found between identified studies; developing and maintaining friendships, importance of family, attitude to treatment, experiences of school, being normal/getting on with life, relationship with healthcare...
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...The Effects of Military Service on Children and Families Abstract When a service member is deployed or sent on a tour, this has a drastic change in the life of the service member’s family especially the children. Being the family of a military service member is already a difficult and complex lifestyle; deployments don’t make it any easier. Military deployment is a unique experience affecting both service members who make sacrifices for our country, and the loved ones who await their return. The potential for deployment is a constant reality. Today’s military deployments may occur in rapid succession and be extended. Therefore, military personnel and their families must always be deployment-ready. Deployments are not easy and can create significant stress for U.S. military men and women and their families. In many cases deployments cans create problems in families. It can contribute to marital problems, family dysfunction, and emotional or behavioral disturbance in spouses and children. The primary purpose of this research paper is to describe the effects of military deployments on a families and children. This paper will discuss the effects and they type of effects the military families and children are faced with. “Deployments in the United States have increased greatly in the past 10 years. Families and children are psychiatrically affected by these deployments and recent studies are clarifying these effects.” (James 2012, p.16) Deployments in military...
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...Half of American children will witness the breakup of their parent's marriage and close to half of these children will also see the breakup of theirs parent's second marriage. Thankfully I never had to experience this and my parents are still happily married after twenty-seven years. Unfortunately, my husband's parents divorced when he was only three years old. Even to this day he still lives with the effects of it. Divorce is a horrible thing and it is really hard on anyone that is involved. The stress of modern living makes a long list of causes for a divorce and the effects from a divorce are never ending. The most common causes for a divorce are bad communication, cheating, financial problems, sex, and addictions. My husband's parents got divorced because they were no longer happy and fought all the time. Each parent has different reasons for their divorce, but I personally think that they got married young and they were growing into two different people. I know that financial problems and the stress of having two young children did not help with their marriage problems. I think there were a lot of causes behind their divorce and the last fight was just the straw that broke the camels back. Most three year olds can't remember what happened a month ago much less remember something twenty years later, but my husband remembers the fight that led his parents to divorce like it was yesterday and he was only three. I think it mentally affected my husband. He tries to avoid...
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...Half of American children will witness the breakup of their parent's marriage and close to half of these children will also see the breakup of theirs parent's second marriage. Thankfully I never had to experience this and my parents are still happily married after twenty-seven years. Unfortunately, my husband's parents divorced when he was only three years old. Even to this day he still lives with the effects of it. Divorce is a horrible thing and it is really hard on anyone that is involved. The stress of modern living makes a long list of causes for a divorce and the effects from a divorce are never ending. The most common causes for a divorce are bad communication, cheating, financial problems, sex, and addictions. My husband's parents got divorced because they were no longer happy and fought all the time. Each parent has different reasons for their divorce, but I personally think that they got married young and they were growing into two different people. I know that financial problems and the stress of having two young children did not help with their marriage problems. I think there were a lot of causes behind their divorce and the last fight was just the straw that broke the camels back. Most three year olds can't remember what happened a month ago much less remember something twenty years later, but my husband remembers the fight that led his parents to divorce like it was yesterday and he was only three. I think it mentally affected my husband. He tries to avoid the...
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...Cigarette smoking There is a major concern about banning cigarette smokers in the U.S. the mortality among both males and females smokers in the USA is more than three times higher than that among non-smokers. I agree that smoking should be prevented because it leads to many types of cancer and heart disease; secondly health affects exposure of secondhand smoke, thirdly it affects the health of the youth smoking tobacco, and fourthly the cost of treatment associated with cigarette smoking (healthcare). Cigarette smoking increases the risk of dying from cancer of the lungs, esophagus, larynx and oral cavity (as we studied in biology). The harmful effect of cigarettes is the chemical makeup of cigarette. According to Quitsmokingsupport.com Cigarettes contain over 4,000 chemicals , some of those chemicals are the heavy metals, humectants, casting agents ,pesticide, insecticides and nicotine which is an addictive substance added into a cigarette; that is why it is very hard for smokers to stop smoking right away . A friend’s mother who smoked up to 3 packs of cigarette per day for more than 25 years. She looked healthy and often cited that cigarette kills those who were already predisposed to suffer from those diseases. Years later she died, suffered from ventricular arrhythmia which means heart did not beat properly as a result it pumped little or no blood to the body organs; usually caused by nicotine in cigarette. According to Medical News Today (MNT), cigarette smoking...
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...The Silent Battle: The Effects of Parental Incarceration on Children and Families By: Jessica Stamper The loss of a parent has an overwhelming impact on a child. When a parent dies or there is a divorce, there are endless opportunities to discuss the loss, but what happens when the absence is due to incarceration? Incarceration is not met with the same understanding and sympathy death and divorce are, making it harder to cope, creating additional and often more severe emotional and psychological effects on children. The topic is often considered taboo and this inability to communicate creates more anxiety for the child. They often feel alone, leaving them to suffer in silence. The loss of parents to prison can cause depression and trauma to a child. It compounds the existing environmental stress, such as the violent neighborhoods, poverty and a poor school system. The trend for the incarcerated differs with race, age, gender and economic status. In the same way, the effects on children range from emotional, behavioral and economic aspects. When a parent goes to prison, leaving behind their children, it creates devastating and often lasting effects on the family, as a whole. Equally affected, are the parent or guardian left to care for the children. It is a growing epidemic and with the constant rise of prison population, so does the numbers of families left to suffer the consequences. This paper investigates the effect of incarceration of a parent can have on...
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...Sample Student Research Paper (Spring 2013) All Dolled Up: The Effect of Child Beauty Pageants on Contestants Reality TV shows like Toddlers and Tiaras and Little Miss Perfect expose the growing popularity of child beauty pageants. These shows have turned pageants into an industry that is valued at $5 billion (Cartwright 1105). This newly created pageant industry has changed the child beauty pageant system—contestants are competing at younger ages, they are wearing more makeup, and the focus is shifting away from natural beauty towards glitz and glam. The emergence of a pageant industry has changed the pageant system, but what affect does this industry have on contestants? More importantly, do pageants’ effects on young contestants warrant regulation? As more young girls compete in pageants, answering these questions and determining the effects of child beauty pageants becomes more important. These questions need to be answered so that the well being of pageant participants is ensured. The issue of regulation is of particular importance since parents, pageant companies, and the media all contribute to the growing pageant industry. Some regulation is needed to protect the young participants. Generally this regulation would be the parent’s responsibility, but in this paper I will argue that the industry merits specific regulation. In order to prove that regulation is warranted, I will analyze the negative impacts of the pageant industry using research from psychologists...
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