...After WWI there was a major economic distress. There were many countries that were taken over by dictators who later formed powerful Fascist governments Countries wanted a government that would strengthen the country in every way possible; this is exactly what dictators and Fascists promised. The first dictatorship was in Spain then Benito Mussolini in Italy, formed the first Fascist government. The Fascist dictators wanted to expand the territory of their country and began to look for new lands to conquer. Although Fascism was very significant in the cause of World War II, Mussolini, the Abyssinia crisis, Spanish civil war, and its influence on Nazism aided Fascism in causing World War II. Fascism did not start from nothing. Benito Mussolini...
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...AS History Unit Two – 6522E Italy; The rise of Fascism: 1918- 1925 Summary The main focus of this topic is how the changing political situation in Italy after the First World War led to the rise of Fascism in the years to 1922 and the ways in which the Fascist Party established itself in power in Italy in the years 1922-1925: ▪ Weaknesses of the Liberal state, 1918-1922 ▪ Mussolini, the message and appeal of Fascism, its changing focus from 1919-1922 ▪ Support for, and opposition to, Fascism among different social groups ▪ The consolidation of Fascist power, 1922-1925 Examination You will be required to tackle one two-part structured question from a choice of two. The first sub-question (a) will be worth 20 marks, whilst the second sub-question (b) will be worth 40 marks. The total mark for this exam is 60. The examination will last for 55 minutes and can be taken in either January or June. There is a difference between question (a), which is a ‘describe’ question, and (b) which is an ‘explain’ question. This can be briefly outlined as follows: ‘Describe’ These will ask you to select information from your memory and describe what happened. They may ask you to describe a series of events, the way in which something, or someone was important, or the way in which something changed over time. Your answer should contain: 1) A very short introduction with an outline of your overall argument. 2) A series of different...
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...Extended Project To what extent / How did Adolf Hitler's childhood affect and shape him later in life? Why was the rise of fascism in Europe so popular in the 1930’s? Assess did Hitler become the war mongering man he was due to his childhood or was it events leading up to World War II that made him bring the Nazi’s to power and become a dictator. Was Hitler’s intention to save Germany from the economic depression it was in through military power and expansion or was it more based on the ideology of the Aryan race and the deluded hatred he had towards the Jews? Or was it both? Be sure to talk about his ancestry, his parents and schooling. Anything leading up to World War II such as Hitler’s 9 month imprisonment Include how bitter he was after World War I and resented the new German government (Weimer Republic) Include how previous personal encounters with Jews made him hate them. Explain how not only the General German public hated the Jews because of propaganda but how most of the Western world resented the Jews in the early-mid 20th century. Include Austria and events that might have happened in Austria which could have affected Hitler as a child. Hitler: The man and his ideas Adolf Hitler was born on 20 April 1889 in a little Austrian town called Braunau am Inn. His father was a customs official who Hitler did not get on well with. Also Hitler didn’t particularly excel at school and did not enjoy his schooling except for History lessons. In 1907 Hitler...
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...Benefits of Fascism Fascism is a type of governance where the government controls politics, social behavior and economy. Under fascism political system, the individual rights of the people are greatly minimized, with the nation being glorified. Citizens are supposed to only work for the government and it is a system that promotes dictatorship. Below are key benefits of fascism. 1. Enhances security The military plays a vital role in a fascist system since it is required for protecting national security as well as fighting enemies. Most of the nation’s resources are given to the military in spite of domestic problems and policies. Fascism gives more significance to the state in contrast to the citizens’ rights and thus military productivity is a vital state interest. This leads to a better military, thereby increasing security. 2. Promotes patriotism Fascism is essential concerned with the protection of national agendas. Individual rights normally take second place, while national policies are provided first priority. Since patriotic symbols, flags and slogans can be seen everywhere, fascism encourages patriotism. The citizens will thereby be united so as to eliminate any perceived threat to the state. 3. Limits media Sometimes media are credited with reporting biased news that causes conflicts amongst the population. In the fascist system, the government has great control over mass media. There are very strict polices placed on media and the government typically...
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...Similarities and Differences between Germany Nazism and Italy Fascism {Author’s name} {Institution Affiliation} {Due date} Similarities and Differences between Germany Nazism and Italy Fascism Introduction Fascism defined, implies an organization or acceptable rule of administration characterized by a government system led by a dictator who exercises harsh and strict control over the citizens, and the commons are mandated to comply with the government rule without resistance. Most authoritarian regimes rely on nationality or race to garner influence and support for a centralized autocratic government. The main aim of a fascist government is to enhance national unity and maintain a stable order in the society by exercising the element of fear among the citizens. Totalitarianism was able to exercise influence, by garnering devotion from regime loyalist. Its prominent execution was purported to collectively influence the success of a country. Supporters of the regime were rewarded by significant posts and incentives while non-loyalists were expected to remain silent without questioning the administrations motives. Use of violence was supported by the administration system to neutralize any emergent form of oppression. Fascism was a prominent governing system that was established during the early twentieth century, based on the need to respond to western influence and assert dictatorial states as new world...
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...The Positive Effects of Fascism Mussolini's march on Rome, the horrors of the Holocaust, Japanese extreme forms of nationalism, burning crosses and neo-Nazi skinheads; These moments are as haunting, and even fewer ideologies as malicious, as fascism. And yet, people are not aware of the progressive effects of fascism. There has never been a regime in history that has not had at least some positive effects to its credit, and fascism was no exception. Had it compiled only failures and crimes, it would have had to rest entirely on massive terror in order to stay in power, and this was clearly not the case. Fascism did in fact, satisfies certain needs and desires of wide sections of society and, at least in some respects, gained its support, respect, and even enthusiasm. Despite its violent ideals, people still attracted to fascism. It is known that fascism has a positive effect on the economy, a stronger nationality of people, and national safety and order Fascism is an ideological ideal in effect gave economic benefits to both the country and its citizens. A fascist government sets goals for consumer goods, capital formation, organizing production and determining income. Although a fascist government controls almost all aspects of the economy, there are many benefits to an economy that follows fascist policies. First of all, a fascist country faces no unemployment. All citizens in Italy during Benito Mussolini's rule had a job and an income. This made it easier for many families...
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...Wiki Loves Africa: share African cultural fashion and adornment pictures with the world! Fascism From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia For the original version of the ideology developed in Italy, see Italian Fascism. For the book edited by Roger Griffin, see Fascism (book). "Fascist" redirects here. For the insult, see Fascist (insult). Part of a series on | Fascism | | Core tenets[show] | Topics[show] | Ideas[show] | People[show] | Literature[show] | Organizations[show] | History[show] | Lists[show] | Variants[show] | Related topics[show] | * Fascism portal * Politics portal | * v * t * e | Fascism /ˈfæʃɪzəm/ is a form of radical authoritarian nationalism[1][2] that came to prominence in early 20th-century Europe. Influenced by national syndicalism, fascism originated in Italy during World War I, in opposition to liberalism, Marxism, and anarchism. Fascism is usually placed on the far-right within the traditional left–right spectrum.[3][4] Fascists saw World War I as a revolution. It brought revolutionary changes in the nature of war, society, the state, and technology. The advent of total war and total mass mobilization of society had broken down the distinction between civilian and combatant. A "military citizenship" arose in which all citizens were involved with the military in some manner during the war.[5][6] The war had resulted in the rise of a powerful state capable of mobilizing millions of people to serve on the front lines or provide economic...
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...tAccess to History Online Edexcel Unit 1 – E3/F3 The Collapse of the Liberal State and the Triumph of Fascism in Italy, 1896–1943 Edexcel – AS GCE Unit 1: Historical Themes in Breadth Option E and F E3/F3 The Collapse of the Liberal State and the Triumph of Fascism in Italy, 1896–1943 General Advice for Unit 1 General Advice for Unit 1 Approaching Unit 1 Unit 1 answers require you to produce a reasoned, analytical essay that comes to a judgement as to extent, significance, importance etc. To reach a Level 5 answer of 25–30 marks you need to write an evaluative or integrated essay that answers the essay question set, showing direct understanding and backed up by detailed, accurate supporting evidence spread across the time period specified. You will almost certainly need to achieve at least one High Level 4 and a Level 5 answer to gain an A grade. Most candidates produce an essay which provides some of the above qualities but not all, achieving at least Level 3 (starting at 13 marks). You will almost certainly need to produce two Level 3 answers to gain an E grade. The key to gaining a good grade is to try to produce an essay with all the required qualities. However, before you can write your essay it is essential that you know your topic. In the specification (exam guidelines) each topic is divided into four bullet points across a specified period of time. You need to revise all the information for your topic because the questions asked can be about the whole topic...
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...To what extent was the Treaty of Versailles a cause of WWII? Treaty of Versailles was the main trigger that sparked the start of the most devastating war in human history. Due to its enforcement and terms, it caused the ideological fascist movement after WWI, German’s patriotism, and the violent expansion of Germany’s economy which violated terms of the treaty, ultimately resulting to World War II. After WWI the ideology of the Fascist movement became influential in Germany in reaction to the harsh terms of the Versailles Treaty. Fascistic views of political violence, war, and imperialism as a means to achieve national rejuvenation were appealed to the citizens (Wikipedia, 2014). This was in response to the Treaty of Versailles. After WWI, Germany was on a road to repair, but they were handicapped, and weakened by the terms of the treaty (History Learning Site, 2000). They had no major military or strong industry to support the growth of the country (Hikman, n.d.). The people were angered and infuriated by the ruinous effect of the Treaty. Hence, the nation realised that in order to regain the national strength, Germany would need to take on board a new form of political system that was iron-fisted and disregard anything but the restoration of pride (English Online, n.d.). This brought the rise of Hitler, the Nazi Party and Fascism. Adolf Hitler was a radical advocate who fought to overturn the harsh Treaty and restore Germany to her former glory (English Online, n.d.)....
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...Power in WWII. Italy was the weakest European country in WWI, but Italy became a member of Axis Power. Italy will work with Germany and Japan. The Central Power became stronger and stronger. I think Italy should enter WWII. I have 3 reasons why Italy should enter WWII. First, Italy gained fewest trophies from the treaty of Versailles. It made Italian feel angry. Second, Mussolini brought fascism to Italy. Fascism rebuilt Italy and it helped Italy to be more stronger. Third, Italy betray the Allies and join to the Central Power after WWI. The first reason why Italy should enter WWII, is that the treaty of Versailles made Italian feel unhappy. This is important because they had suffered high casualties during the war. They helped the Allies to win WWI but they did not achieve their goals. According to the article written by Chris Trueman, he says“ In 1915, Italy had signed the secret Treaty of London. In this treaty Britain had offered Italy large sections of territory in the Adriatic Sea region – Tyrol, Dalmatia and Istria."( Chris Trueman, 2015). This quotation...
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...The European Enlightenment is the well known era in Western society. The Enlightenment was a study conducted by the philosopher Immanuel Kant in 1784. Kant's essay addressed the causes of a lack of enlightenment and the conditions that were necessary to make it possible for people to enlighten themselves. Kant held it necessary that all church and state to be abolished and people be given the freedom to use their own intellect. Hobbesian social control theory was a ideological invention that came about during the pre 1750s. The social control theory is a view that a person’s moral and political obligations are dependent upon a ‘contract’ or an agreement among that to form a society in which they live in. However, social contract theory is rightly associated with modern moral and political theory and is given its first full exposition and defence by Thomas Hobbes. After Hobbes, John Locke and Jean-Jacques Rousseau are the best known proponents of this enormously influential theory, which has been one of the most dominant theories within moral and political theory throughout the history of the modern West. More recently, philosophers from different perspectives have offered new criticisms of social contract theory. In particular, feminist’s philosophers have argued that the social control theory is an incomplete picture of people’s moral and political lives and may camouflage some on the ways that people live and their classes. Hobbes manages to create an argument that makes civil...
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...Causes WW2 Treaty of Versailles: * Peace treaty after WW1 * 28 June 1919 * The treaty was registered by the League of Nations * The League of Nations was established in 1920 after WW1. It should prevent the outbreak of another war * Germany: * Germany saw the treaty as a punishment * Had to give up part of their territories (Rheinland) * Germany had to admit the war guilt for WW1 * Pay preparations cost to France and Britain Rise of fascism: * Fascism is a totalitarian form of government: * Glorifies the state * Has one leader and one party * All aspects of society are controlled by the government * No opposition or protests are tolerated * Propaganda and censorship are widely practiced * Italy: Benito Mussolini (1922) Great depression, unemployment level high * After WW1 many countries had to suffer from unstable European economy * However to boom in the U.S. helped to sustain worldwide trade * 1929 stock market crashed (Great Depression) * Unemployment level rose * Power leaders and government promised success through military buildup and imperialism Japanese Expansionism: * 1931 Japan invaded Manchuria for raw materials * Sino-Japanese war 1937 * 1938 Japan and Soviet war Fascism Vs. Communism * Production is controlled by the government * Media and all other aspects of society are property of the government *...
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...Discussion 2 Locke wrote that all men have a natural right to life, liberty, and property or the fruits of their labor which Jeffersonchanged to "the pursuit of happiness" when he wrote the Declaration of Independence. Locke also wrote that government is an instrument of the people's will, and the people have the right to rebel if the government proves to be tyrannical or defective. This argument has been used by many revolutionaries, but Jefferson was one of the first to use Locke's ideas to justify revolution. 6. How did industrialization change the work environment? How did industrialization affect cultural exchanges and social change around the globe in the nineteenth century? After the industrialization, the work environment was very harsh and tragic. Laborers were paid very low and had very few or even no any benefits for working with dangerous machines. Their lives were dark and terrible. For example, the work conditions were recorded: "The process of purifying iron, demanded that workers toiled amidst temperatures as high as 130 degrees in the coolest part of the ironworks. Though the hours worked by people did not change, the labor force was poorly paid and made to work harder without rest. They had to work for about 10 to 14 hours a day, six days a week, in harsh conditions. The monotony of the job made them even more unbearable. The relationship between the employers and employee became impersonal and cold, making the employers unmindful of the condition of...
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...------------------------------------------------- FASCISM ------------------------------------------------- Etymology The term fascismo is derived from the Latin word fasces. The fasces, which consisted of a bundle of rods that were tied around an axe which symbolises strength through unity: a single rod is easily broken, while the bundle is difficult to break. Moreover, Fasces was an ancient Roman symbol of the authority of the civic magistrate. They were carried by his lictors and could be used for corporal and capital punishment at his command. The word fascismo also relates to political organizations in Italy known as fasci, groups similar to guilds or syndicates. Definition +"Everything in the State, nothing outside the State, nothing against the State" - Mussolini +The only official definition of Fascism comes from Benito Mussolini, the founder of fascism, in which he outlines three principles of a fascist philosophy. 1."Everything in the state". The Government is supreme and the country is all-encompasing, and all within it must conform to the ruling body, often a dictator. 2."Nothing outside the state". The country must grow and the implied goal of any fascist nation is to rule the world, and have every human submit to the government. 3."Nothing against the state". Any type of questioning the government is not to be tolerated. If you do not see things our way, you are wrong. If you do not agree with the government, you cannot be allowed to live and...
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...into battle without a weapon, and to pick one off of a dead ally. Without an agricultural revolution, food shortages were rampant in Russia. The lack of technology in a changing world lead to incredible unrest in Russia, ultimately leading to the Russian revolution. Had technology been more advanced in Russia in 1914, it’s possible that the Russian Revolution wouldn’t have happened, or would have been much different. While the efficiency and abundance of technology is important, I feel that the power of ideologies is somehow greater. Technology is a factor that determines the deadliness of conflicts in the world; it affects how the world is able to react and recover from conflict. Ideologies, on the other hand, are what fundamentally cause conflict in the world and drive the search for new technology. Each nation holds a different combination of ideologies sacred, and it has been the driver for conflict in the modern world for ages, but especially in the twentieth century. An especially important ideology that has shaped the world imperialism. It’s what’s driven countries to force control over other countries. Imperialism has been a huge source of competition between countries in Europe. Before World War II, imperialism is what caused Germany to militarize, entering an arms race with the British Navy. It drove Germany to invade Poland and take over Italy. Imperialism combined with nationalism is a really powerful tool for countries. Nationalism embeds the idea to nations...
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