...States have increased from 34 million a decade ago to more than 203 million (Leo, 2006). A study made by the Insurance Institute shows that the use of cellular phones in combination with other activities can cause many negative effects. The same study confirms that those who cell phone and drive were four times more likely to cause crashes serious enough to cause injury (Leo, 2006). Unfortunately, this technology is affecting everyone, and it is cellular phone users’ responsibility to monitor the excessive and misusage of cellular phones because it is affecting our health, reflecting negatively on our behavior in public spaces and it is a genuine danger when associated with our daily routine activities. Walking, driving, and communicating are different tasks that require our full attention. Newspapers daily discuss incidents related to misuse of the technology. It is everyone’s responsibility to educate themselves and others about actions to take that will help us stop the problems before they happen. The primary reason why everyone should monitor the use of cellular phone is associated with health issues. In 1993, the cell phone industry hired specialists in the field. It took epidemiologist and pathologist Carlo six years of extensive research to prove that claims about cellular phones can cause cancer is correct. The results proved that radiation from a cellular phone's antenna could cause the formation of micronuclei-red flags for cancer-in the brain (Rotela, Abbott, & Gold...
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...www.vtpi.org Info@vtpi.org 250-360-1560 Transit Price Elasticities and Cross-Elasticities 25 May 2012 Todd Litman Victoria Transport Policy Institute Abstract This paper summarizes price elasticities and cross elasticities for use in public transit planning. It describes how elasticities are used, and summarizes previous research on transit elasticities. Commonly used transit elasticity values are largely based on studies of short- and medium-run impacts performed decades ago when real incomes where lower and a larger portion of the population was transit dependent. As a result, they tend to be lower than appropriate to model long-run impacts. Analysis based on these elasticity values tends to understate the potential of transit fare reductions and service improvements to reduce problems such as traffic congestion and vehicle pollution, and understate the long-term negative impacts that fare increases and service cuts will have on transit ridership, transit revenue, traffic congestion and pollution emissions. Originally published as “Transit Price Elasticities and Cross-Elasticities,” Journal of Public Transportation, Vol. 7, No. 2, (www.nctr.usf.edu/jpt/pdf/JPT 7-2 Litman.pdf), 2004, pp. 37-58. Todd Litman 2004-2011 You are welcome and encouraged to copy, distribute, share and excerpt this document and its ideas, provided the author is given attribution. Please send your corrections, comments and suggestions for improvement. Transit Elasticities and Price...
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...Basic Theory Test (Highway Code) Study Notes 8th Edition Version: 12.10.11 THE ONLY STUDY NOTES AVAILABLE IN SOFT-COPY 13-PAGE POCKET/PDA-FRIENDLY CONDENSATION OF THE OFFICIAL HANDBOOK “BASIC THEORY OF DRIVING - 8th EDITION” INCLUDES 10 MOCK TEST QUESTIONS For Mock Test Questions, Please Register At http://www.SingaporeTests.com SingaporeTests.com – Study Notes for Basic Theory Test NOT FOR RESALE Page 1 SECTION A - DRIVING LICENCES Age / Fitness to Drive - Min. 18 years old - Good vision - Free from any disease or physical inability which would impair driving capability e.g. epilepsy, mental disorder etc - Required to apply Provisional Driving Licence - Test knowledge on rules & regulations, traffic signs & signals - Validity does not expire - Valid for 6 months - Can be renewed for 6 months each time - L plate learner on driving circuit & public roads - Required before taking the practical driving test - Test knowledge on proper techniques & the safety aspects of driving - Have to re-take FTT if fail to pass driving test within 2 years - Valid for lifetime for Singapore Citizens & Permanent Residents - Valid for a period of 5 years for Foreigners Class 1: Motor vehicles (< 250kg when unladen) for the use by persons suffering from some physical defect or disability Class 2B: Motorcycles < 200cc Class 2A: Motorcycles between 201-400cc Class 2: Motorcycles exceeding 400cc Class 3: Motor cars not exceeding 3,000kg & carry not more than 7 passengers (excl...
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...the Morning” by Mark Fischetti and “Teachers overwhelmingly oppose later high school start times in Montgomery” by Julie Zauzmer and Dana Hedgpeth give support that schools shouldn’t start later. Despite the fact people think school starting earlier is good for students but I strongly believe kids should wake up because school will end to late, there will be transportation problems and changing school times can be unbeneficial for students. To begin, school will end to late. School ending to late can cause various problems for the students. Scope states “For one thing, starting school later means dismissing school later, which leaves...
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...4Pan American Health Organization, 5Departamento de Bacteriologia, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas, 6Hospital F. J. Muñiz, Buenos Aires, Argentina Case study and instructor’s guide created by: Jeanette K. Stehr-Green, MD NOTE: This case study is bas ed on a rea l-life outbrea k investigatio n underta ken in Buenos Aires, Argentina, in 1998. Some aspects of the original outbreak and investigation have been altered, however, to assist in meeting the desired teaching objectives and allow com pletion of the case study in less tha n 3 hours. Students should be aware that this case study describes and promotes one particular approac h to foodb orne disea se outbrea k investigatio n. Procedu res and po licies in outbreak investigations, however, can vary from country to country, state to state, and outbreak to outbreak. It is anticipate d that the ep idemiolo gist investiga ting a foodb orne disea se outbrea k will work within the fra mework of a n “investig ation team ” which inclu des perso ns with expertise in epidemiology, microbiology, sanitation, food science, and environmental health. It is through the collaborative efforts of this team, with each member playing a critical role, that outbreak investiga tions are successfully com pleted. Please send us your comments on this case study by visiting our website at http://www.phppo.cdc.gov/phtn/case s t u d i e s ....
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...INTRODUCTION AND STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM 1.1Introduction Out-sourcing is the business strategy management that is used to increase organaisation performance.This often is used when an organaisation has inadequate resources,experiences,skills, and knowledge about work. 1.2Background to the study The out-sourcing businees strategy is the mordern tool used in managing business activities so as to achieve the performance of the organaisation.The Ilala and Kinondoni municipal councils use outsourcing business strategy at Ubungo Bus Terminal (UBT) and Kariakoo markert to increase revenue collection but the implementation wasn poor.The purpose of this study research is to determine major challenges facing out-sourcing of non core-service in Tanzania Public sectors in Kinondoni and Ilala municipal councils.The chapter one has the following contents.Introduction of the study research, Background to the study research ,Backgroung of the problem,Statement of the problems, Research objectives Specific ,Research questions,Significance of the study,Significance to the study to the others,Significance to the private sectors,Limitation of the study,Organaisation of the dissertation and scope of the study research. Figure 1: The table of main benefits of outsourcing Adopted from (Farrington and Lysons 2006) Other benefits of out-source non-core services are: i. Specialist services and expertise can be bought in therefore creating a better service. ...
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...YYo u can E You can choose one from these two case studies for your term paper and it will be valued 30 %. Dead line is the 28.04.2015 Transforming travel Managing external influences Introduction We all make use of the services provided by transportation companies. For example, you will probably have caught the bus into town or travelled on a school bus or made an intercity journey by train. Some of you may have travelled on a super green energy-efficient tram or used a Park & Ride bus service. FirstGroup plc (known as First) is the UK’largest surface transportation company. It has s revenues of over £ billion a year. It employs over 135,000 staff throughout the UK and 5 North America and moves more than 2.5 billion passengers a year. •First is the largest UK rail operator carrying almost 270m passengers every year. This is one quarter of the passenger network. First operates rail passenger services, which include regional, intercity and commuter services such as First Great Western, First TransPennine Express, First Capital Connect, First ScotRail and Hull Trains. •First is Britain’largest bus operator running more than one in five of all local bus services. s A fleet of nearly 9,000 buses carries around three million passengers a day in more than 40 major towns and cities, such as Manchester, Leeds and Glasgow. •The company also operates First GBRf, a rail freight business and the Croydon Tramlink network which carries almost 25 million passengers a year. •In North America...
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...ec5.4 Health & Safety The addition of electric drive and large battery packs introduces several new potential hazards to the transit bus workplace. These hazards include electric shock, chemical burn, and explosion due to hydrogen build-up. All three hazards can be managed through a variety of design, monitoring, operational and maintenance procedures. Standards have been developed through National Electric Code (NEC), Federal Transit Authority (FTA), National Highway Safety Transportation Administration (NHSTA), Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), and others. Committees are working on several areas where holes exist in the standards.2 5.4.1 Electrical Shock There is a danger of electrical shock with any motor vehicle should a mechanic or passenger come into contact with a live circuit under normal or fault conditions. With hybrid-electric buses, contact can come from electricity during battery charging (AC current) or discharging (DC current). If contact is made, the extent of injury will depend on the size, duration, frequency, and wave shape of the current. Conventional diesel buses make use of 12/24vDC and 220/240vAC. Hybrid drive buses operate at levels of power up to 400vDC and 600 amps. However, the risk of electrical shock can be mitigated through proper engineering, labelling, and safe maintenance practices. SAE standards have been developed to minimize electrical hazards associated with the design and manufacture of electric and hybrid-electric vehicles....
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...Journal of Service Management Emerald Article: Exploring internal mechanisms forming customer servicescape experiences Jörg Pareigis, Per Echeverri, Bo Edvardsson Article information: To cite this document: Jörg Pareigis, Per Echeverri, Bo Edvardsson, (2012),"Exploring internal mechanisms forming customer servicescape experiences", Journal of Service Management, Vol. 23 Iss: 5 pp. 677 - 695 Permanent link to this document: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09564231211269838 Downloaded on: 29-11-2012 References: This document contains references to 67 other documents To copy this document: permissions@emeraldinsight.com Access to this document was granted through an Emerald subscription provided by UNIVERSITY OF GLOUCESTERSHIRE For Authors: If you would like to write for this, or any other Emerald publication, then please use our Emerald for Authors service. Information about how to choose which publication to write for and submission guidelines are available for all. Please visit www.emeraldinsight.com/authors for more information. About Emerald www.emeraldinsight.com With over forty years' experience, Emerald Group Publishing is a leading independent publisher of global research with impact in business, society, public policy and education. In total, Emerald publishes over 275 journals and more than 130 book series, as well as an extensive range of online products and services. Emerald is both COUNTER 3 and TRANSFER compliant. The organization is a partner of the Committee on...
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...Ibrahim bhat 11010038 INTRODUCTION In power engineering, the power flow study, also known as load-flow study, is an important tool involving numerical analysis applied to a power system. A power flow study usually uses simplified notation such as a one-line diagram and per-unit system, and focuses on various forms of AC power (i.e.: voltages, voltage angles, real power and reactive power). It analyzes the power systems in normal steady-state operation. A number of software implementations of power flow studies exist. In addition to a power flow study, sometimes called the base case, many software implementations perform other types of analysis, such as short-circuit fault analysis, stability studies (transient & steady-state), unit commitment and economic load dispatch analysis. In particular, some programs use linear programming to find the optimal power flow, the conditions which give the lowest cost per kilowatthour delivered. Power flow or load-flow studies are important for planning future expansion of power systems as well as in determining the best operation of existing systems. The principal information obtained from the power flow study is the magnitude and phase angle of the voltage at each bus, and the real and reactive power flowing in each line. Commercial power systems are usually too large to allow for hand solution of the power flow. Special purpose network...
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...Wherever there are people involved, there will always be conflict. People deal with conflict and negotiation everyday, especially in the workplace. Sometimes people choose to avoid conflict and negotiation because they have difficulties and feel stress that conflict and negotiation can produce. Avoiding conflict and negotiation could help a group of people reach a temporary resolution for a short period of time; however, it will cause more obstacles and troubles in the future work. So it is extremely important to learn how to use efficiency skills to manage the conflict involving communication and contribute a great resolution for the long term. Competing goals are the primary cause of conflict. If we want to solve the conflict, first we need to identify the cause of the conflict. There are usually two different types of goals in most conflict situations, which are content and relational. Since people have uncompromising elements of these two goals, the conflict will be brought to them. First, according to the definition of the content goals, “Content goals involve the apparent issues or obvious reason for a dispute” (O’Hair et al., p335). Most of the time, people all understand their own content goals very well; however, they have different perspectives unknown to each other. Many times conflicts are led by failure to communicate differing goals. Second, relationship goals are very important in communication as well because conflict may not be handled until the relationship...
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...that affects thousands living in Singapore. We feel that this is understandable as breakdowns would definitely occur even though it had brought about inconvenience to the commuters. This issue will not only affect ones judgment on SBS Transit Link, as well as the government’s ability to cope with the situation. However, SBS Transit Link had worked well together with the government to cope with this issue in a smooth manner by providing free bus services for those who were affected. Also, alerting passengers about this issue through media and the internet was successful. Through the study of Organizational Behaviour (OB), we are able to understand how situation like this would impact the organization and at the same time understand the actions and attitudes of people in the organization who are handling this issue. Possible causes of behavior Individual Level – Perception Through this video, we have seen many different points of views from the commuters and the SBS Transit Link staffs. The two concepts that we applied to this case study are Factors influencing perception and Perception errors when judging this matter. Factors influencing perception: * The Perceiver The perceiver is an individual who loos at a target and attempts to interpret what he or she sees. The perceiver for this case is the commuters. Interpretation of this breakdown is being influenced by characteristics such as attitudes, expectations and past experiences. Different perceiver would have different...
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...brush teeth, eat, catch the bus, go to school. No one wants to get up in the morning and most people would agree. The average start time for high schools in America is 8:03 which is before the recommended start time of 8:30. Why does school start early? The majority of U.S. middle and high schools start their school days too early, not letting young people get enough sleep for development and academic success. One of the reasons schools should start later is that they are not starting at the recommended time set by the American Academy of Pediatrics of 8:30. A new study was published from the Centers of Disease Control (CDC) that states that less than one in five middle and high schools in America starts...
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...Term Paper on Traffic Jam in Bangladesh TERM PAPER ON Traffic Jam in Dhaka City Prepared For Mohd. H.R. Joarder United International University Prepared By MD. Aminul Islam Ariful islam MD. Mesbahuddin Shahanaz Parvin Mou Jeenniifeerr Islam Date of submission Name of Group Members Letter of Transmittal May 5, 2012 Mohd. H.R. Joarder Faculty School of Business Administration United International University Dear Sir, It is a great pleasure for us to submit our Term papers on “Traffic Jam in Dhaka city”. It is a great opportunity for us to implement the knowledge that we have learned in our academic career to work a Term papers on “Traffic Jam in Dhaka city”. We try our level best to make this Term papers to the required standard. We hope that this report will fulfill your expectation. We therefore, hope that you would be kind enough to go through this report for evaluation Sincerely yours ------------------------- --------------------- -------------------- MD. Aminul Islam Ariful Islam Shahanaz Parvin Mou ----------------- ------------------- Jennifer Islam MD. Mesbah...
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...Certain forms of air pollution are the cause for some of our existing health problems. One such form of air pollution is vehicle exhaustion. Inhaling fumes produced by motor vehicles could cause detrimental health problems if inhaled too frequently and in a worst case scenario death. Smog and carbon monoxide are two of the worst types of air pollution right now. Every type of car releases these pollutants.. So what does this pollutant cause? Pollution can actually make pre-existing illnesses worse. A main ingredient in smog, ground level-ozone, is dangerous to inhale because it can cause lung damage and upper respiratory problems. This ingredient is made from hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxide function with light from the sun and warm weather that creates this ground level-ozone. A car releases emission even if it is standing still (Motor Vehicle Pollution) The problem is more prominent in children and older people. Children are exposed to this danger every day and even worse when they go to school. Since their bodies immune system is not fully developed their exposure to this air pollution is more severe. For many children, getting on a school bus is the highest exposure to air pollution in there. While they are sitting there on the bus in highway they are inhaling large amounts of fuel combustion from all the other cars around them. Since children spend more time outdoors than adults they are exposed more to these toxins which can cause permanent lung damage, reproductive...
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