...Cheryl Chamblin August 07, 2011 Exploring Education as a Profession Latonya Pitts The Evolving Role of State and Federal Government in U.S. Education America established with the right to choose the religion that suited the people a right that is taken very seriously among the people of America. They escaped countries where they were forced to worship in one way. When they came to America, That freedom made America great. That freedom can also cause quite a bit of controversy in the public school system. The American public school system is not equipped to deal with the many different religions that the American families may have. The public education system has changed throughout the years as different amendments were added to the United States Constitution. This paper will examine certain cases that that have influenced the American school system. The separation of church and state in the First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution is a separation of personal beliefs that is so different then one another and this makes religion a complicated issue for the public schools (Davis, 2003). Many significant cases have been set to change the direction of education to provide an equal education system Lau versus Nichols in 1974 under the fourteenth amendment of equal protection clause. This case under the Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which prohibits federally, funded programs from discriminating of the basis of race and national origin. This law-required...
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...American Civil Liberties and the War on Terror Christy Holman POL 201 John Zurovchak May 13, 2013 American Civil Liberties and the War on Terror The September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks on our nation were the first time that communist or terrorist factions from abroad were able to penetrate our shores to strike us on our own soil. This horrific day signified the end of the thoughts of many Americans that we as citizens were untouchable. Many different arguments and legal debates have come out of the war on terror that quite frankly, we really do not understand. Should people who have been accused of committing crimes against the United States or its citizens be granted the civil liberties that the Constitution provides for United States Citizens? Should the Writ of Habeas Corpus be extended to people who are deemed illegal or enemy combatants to the United States of America? Habeas Corpus is an inalienable right that should be extended to all who are accused of crimes by the United States Government. The origins of Habeas Corpus precede the year 1215 and show evident in the language of the Magna Carta (Nutting, 1960, pp. 527-543). The exact language of the reference in the Magna Carta is “No free man shall be taken or imprisoned or dissiezed or exiled or in any way destroyed except by the lawful judgment of their peers or by the law of the land.” The practice and right of Habeas Corpus was settled practice and law at the time of Magna Carta and was part of the unwritten...
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...The United States Constitution says that U.S. Citizens have the right to bear arms. Even though this guarantee was written with no constraints, there are now laws that limit certain aspects of gun ownership. The reasons for gun control fall under the flag of public safety. Though there are many safety reasons why private ownership of firearms should be banned, these arguments are outweighed not only by the need for protection, but because the limitation of ownership rights could become dangerous to personal freedom. When the U.S. Constitution was written, some delegates thought Militia was military forces because the Federal Government had its own army to protect the people. The second amendment was made in response to the fear of being helpless before a standing professional army. "Aristotle said that decisions of a leader 'backed by a standing army' would be different from those made by a leader 'awed by the fear of an armed people'" (The Commission on the Bicentennial of the United States Constitution, 28). Elbridge Gerry, a delagate to the Constitutional convention from Massachusetts, was an activist for the right of the Militia to bear arms. When asked what use a Militia has, he responded: "What sir, is the use of a Militia? It is to prevent the establishment of a standing army, the bane of liberty" (The Commission of the Bicentennial of the United States Constitution, 26). On December...
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...Republicans are eager to shut down this Colorado gun bill. Here’s why their dream could backfire big time. Will police support of the red flag bill in Colorado increase the odds of it passing? Maybe, but Republican leaders won’t approach the topic. Assistant minority house leader Cole Wist, among others, is wanted by liberals to stop talking about taking guns and changing gun laws in Colorado. Conservatives fear that any threats to change gun laws will boost strict gun regulations later down the road - not with Democrats, as some hope, but with Republicans. Everett tweeted recently: “Another vote in defense of our civil liberties. No on HB 18-1436. Twitter will only let me tag 10 of my colleagues, but many more joined me in defense of your...
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...Interpretation Of The First Amendment? The interpretation of the First Amendment as well as the entire Constitution has been a controversial issue for debates for decades. The majority of Americans simply interprets the First Amendment the way they see for it to be convenient for a particular situation. Because of its vagueness, the First Amendment leaves a lot of room for various arguments and assumptions. When we look at the textual interpretation of the First Amendment, context plays a vital role. The context tells us not to concentrate on details and to give words an expansive rather than narrow interpretation. Although interpretation of the text can take on many forms and there is no the right one, words do have a limited range of meaning, and no interpretation that goes beyond that range should be permissible, especially when we are dealing with such an important document as the First Amendment. The article “On Racist Speech” by Charles R Lawrence serves as a great example of argumentative interpretation of the First Amendment. Charles Lawrence examines the power of words that can insult, assault and even exclude. He challenges the thought that all speech should be protected and urges his readers to examine their own beliefs and expectations of what their civil rights are. The author also presents a strong critique of the First Amendment that protect us from defamation, invasion of privacy while at the same time leaves the door wide open for racist and sexist...
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...The year 2012 was a horrific year for mass shootings in the United States. Americans were shocked by an April spree at a religious school in Oakland that killed seven, the brutal theater shooting in Aurora, Colorado, in July that killed 12, the Sikh Temple massacre in Wisconsin in August that claimed six lives, the September Minneapolis sign-plant slaughter of five, and most recently, the tragic shooting at Sandy Hook Elementary School in Newtown, Connecticut that took the lives of 26 students and teachers. Cases like these have prompted the Obama Administration as well as the entire nation to reconsider what laws and restrictions need to be placed with regard to gun access and control without interfering with the constitutional rights of citizens. It is a known fact that America was produced into a nation based on the ideologies of freedom and democracy; with the constitution as the heart of its central government. The basic rights of citizens stated in the amendments are not only unambiguous but also eminently conserved by the Judicial System and Supreme Courts, which makes it a crucial challenge to modify, despite having national catastrophes that leave the government questioning their responsibilities with regard to public safety. Guns are a huge presence on the American landscape, no doubt. With an estimated 300 million firearms privately owned in the U.S., we practically have a weapon for every citizen. In 1994, President Clinton signed a ten year assault weapons ban into...
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...An Army White Paper THE PROFESSION OF ARMS I AM AN EXPERT AND I AM A PROFESSIONAL 9TH STANZA SOLDIER’S CREED CG TRADOC Approved 8 December 2010 Authority: This White Paper has been approved for distribution on 2 December 2010 by the Commanding General, Training and Doctrine Command (TRADOC), under his authority granted by the Secretary of the Army and the Chief of Staff of the Army in the Terms of Reference dated 27 October 2010 for TRADOC to execute the ‗Review of the Army Profession in an Era of Persistent Conflict.‘ Purpose: This White Paper serves to facilitate an Army-wide dialog about our Profession of Arms. It is neither definitive nor authoritative, but a starting point with which to begin discussion. It will be refined throughout calendar year 2010 based on feedback from across our professional community. All members of the profession and those who support the profession are encouraged to engage in this dialog. Distribution: Distribution is unlimited. Yet, the material in this draft is under development. It can be referenced, but not referenced or cited as official Army policy or doctrine. Feedback and Participation: Comments on this White Paper should be sent to the Center for the Army Profession and Ethic (CAPE), Combined Arms Center, TRADOC. To get engaged in this review of the Profession of Arms, visit the CAPE website at https://www.us.army.mil/suite/page/611545 and click on the Campaign link. The website will also provide links to professional forums...
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...Barbados Barbados is a North American sovereign island country located in the Caribbean. The capital of this state is Bridgetown. This state raised its head as an independent state in 1966 after being a Colony of the British Empire for almost 350 years. Category | Fact | Category | Fact | 1.Size | 439 Square km | 4.Religion | Christianity | 2.Population | 277,821 | 5.Currency | Barbadian Dollar | 3.Language | Barbadian | 6.GDP Rate | $16,653 | The main resources of Barbados are Petroleum, Fish, Natural gas, Sugarcane etc. The national symbols of Barbados are Neptune's trident, pelican, and Red Bird of Paradise flower (also known as Pride of Barbados). In Barbados Queen Elizabeth II is the Head of the State and represented locally by Governor General which is at present Elliott Belgrave. These two heads are advised by the Prime Minister of Barbados who is also the Head of the Government on matters of Barbadian state. The current Prime Minister of Barbados is Freundel Stuart. ...
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...Thailand last week to witness the court trials of two political prisoners, and to meet with journalists and lawyers who are fighting to keep the embers of freedom alive despite the authoritarian rule of a military junta. I was in Thailand as the representative of the Center for International Law (Centerlaw), a nongovernment organization founded by my colleague Harry Roque. Centerlaw represents victims of human rights violations, especially persecuted advocates of freedom of expression. It is working to strengthen the network of free expression advocates in Southeast Asia. For four days, I listened to stories of arbitrary arrest and detention, intimidation, and some instances of torture committed by the very government that is supposed to protect the Thai citizenry against such crimes. It is all too reminiscent of the martial rule of Ferdinand Marcos in the Philippines. The Thai military junta, euphemistically known as the National Council for Peace and Order, mounted a coup d’état and ousted the government of Prime Minister Yingluck Shinawatra. The junta imposed martial law when it seized power in May 2014, and while the regime officially lifted it in April 2015, Thailand remains under martial rule because the junta continues to wield executive, legislative and judicial powers. It is all too similar to Marcos who imposed martial law in 1972, officially lifted it in 1981, but continued to act as dictator by exercising executive and legislative powers until he was toppled by people...
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...School of law, Christ university | Sedition: Analysis of Section 124A of the Indian Penal Code,1860 | Criminal Law-I CIA-III | | Rajeev Rambhatla | 1016272 | [Type the abstract of the document here. The abstract is typically a short summary of the contents of the document. Type the abstract of the document here. The abstract is typically a short summary of the contents of the document.] | TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.TABLE OF CONTENTS……………………………………………………………………… 1. 2. TABLES OF CASES AND STATUTES………………………………………… 2. 3. INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………………………………………… 3. 4. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY……………………………………………………………… 5. 5. MEANING AND INTERPRETATION OF SECTION 124A THE LAW OF SEDITION IN INDIA BEFORE 1947………………… 7. 6. MEANING AND INTERPRETATION OF S. 124A AFTER INDEPENDENCE……………………………………………………………………… 12. 7. LAWS OF SEDITION IN INDIA, ENGLAND, AND THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA – A COMPARATIVE STUDY…… 14. 8. CONCLUSION……………………………………………………………………………………………20. 9. BIBLIOGRAPHY ……………………………………………………………………………………………22. INTRODUCTION “It is enough to say that in this country and in this generation the time for prosecuting political libels has passed, and does not seem likely to return within any definable time” - Stephen, History of Criminal Law[1] This statement was made in the context of the United Kingdom by a well-known author on criminal law. More than 50 years after independence, it may well be said that the ‘time for prosecuting political libel’ has passed...
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...Welcome to the United States A Guide for New Immigrants M-618 (rev. 09/07) Welcome to the United States A Guide for New Immigrants Revised Edition U.S. GOVERNMENT OFFICIAL EDITION NOTICE This is the Official U.S. Government edition of this publication and is herein identified to certify its authenticity. Use of the ISBN 978-016-078733-1 is for U.S. Government Printing Office Official Editions only. The Superintendent of Documents of the U.S. Government Printing Office requests that any reprinted edition clearly be labeled as a copy of the authentic work with a new ISBN. The information presented in Welcome to the United States: A Guide for New Immigrants is considered public information and may be distributed or copied without alteration unless otherwise specified. The citation should be: U.S. Department of Homeland Security, U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, Office of Citizenship, Welcome to the United States: A Guide for New Immigrants, Washington, DC, 2007, Revised Edition. USCIS has purchased the right to use many of the images in Welcome to the United States: A Guide for New Immigrants. USCIS is licensed to use these images on a non-exclusive and non-transferable basis. All other rights to the images, including without limitation and copyright, are retained by the owner of the images. These images are not in the public domain and may not be used except as they appear as part of this guide. This guide contains information on a variety of topics that...
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...Foreword The Army is the primary landpower arm of our Nation’s Armed Forces. It exists to serve the American people, protect enduring national interests, and fulfill the Nation’s military responsibilities. FM 1 is one of the Army’s two capstone field manuals. It contains our vision for the Army. While the entire manual is important, I would direct your attention to four particular items. FM 1 establishes the fundamental principles for employing landpower. The most important of these are the Army’s operational concept and the fundamentals that support it. They form the foundation for all Army doctrine. All Soldiers should understand and internalize them. FM 1 describes the American profession of arms, the Army’s place in it, and what it means to be a professional Soldier. Central to this discussion are the Soldier’s Creed, Warrior Ethos, and Army Values. These three statements establish the guiding values and standards of the Army profession. To understand Soldiers, you must know about them. To be a Soldier, you must live them. FM 1 discusses Army contributions to the joint force. As the Armed Forces achieve even greater joint interdependence, the Army will depend more on the other Services and vice versa. For this reason, the Army is currently transforming its units and institutions to enhance our campaign qualities for sustained operations and to achieve greater expeditionary and joint capabilities. It is important for Soldiers and all who support or are associated with the...
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...U.S. Foreign Policy and Nicaragua 2004 “U.S. FOREIGN POLICY AND NICARAGUA” PAGE: 1 Outline: A) Introduction: U.S. Foreign Policy and Nicaragua. B) General Discussion: 1) Nicaraguan history, 2) The Sandinistas, 3) The Brezhnev Doctrine, 4) The Reagan Doctrine, 5) The Contras and the CIA, 6) Other Political Strategies, 7) Political Ramifications Internationally, 8) Political Ramifications Domestically. C) Conclusion. Foreword: Many times throughout its history, the United States government has been embroiled in disputes over its foreign policy. These conflicts arise sometimes domestically, sometimes internationally and sometimes in both areas. One of the most significant foreign policy problems the U.S. government has ever had, involved its dealings with Nicaragua during the 1980’s. By dissecting the sequence of events which lead upon to the U.S. government using the CIA to train the Contra rebels and the foreign doctrine issued which propagated this unprecedented action on the part of the Reagan Administration,...
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...Disobedience has been used to promote peace. 27 Civil disobedience was used to promote racial equality. 27 Civil disobedience is used to try to prevent the destruction of the environment. 27 Civil disobedience is effective at changing the law. 28 Legal channels can take too long. 28 Consent to obey just laws does not imply consent to obey unjust ones. 28 Distinguishing between just and unjust laws to disobey can be universalized. 28 Civil disobedience can be stabilizing to a community by spreading a shared sense of justice. 29 Sometimes it is only the unjustified response to civil disobedience that has harmful consequence. 29 Civil disobedience is traditionally non-violent. 29 Civil disobedience is a form of exercising free speech- which is essential in a democracy. 30 Civil disobedience has been used to fight slave laws 30 Civil disobedience played a role in ending the Vietnam war. 30 Civil disobedience shouldn’t be punished- but recognized as enhancing democracy. 31 Even if laws are created by democratic means- civil disobedience can still be justified. 31 Civil disobedience is justified because it promotes equal marriage laws. 31 Civil disobedience is a integral part of American history. 32 Civil disobedience has certain criteria. It must be illegal, nonviolent, and the...
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...History * The early inhabitants * The early colonial period * The British colonial era * The mineral revolution * The Anglo-Boer/South African War (October 1899 – May 1902) and its aftermath * Segregation * Apartheid * The end of apartheid * The First Decade of Freedom * Into the Second Decade of FreedomThe early inhabitantsThe discovery of the skull of a Taung child in 1924; discoveries of hominid fossils at Sterkfontein caves, a world heritage site; and the ground-breaking work done at Blombos Cave in the southern Cape, have all put South Africa at the forefront of palaeontological research into the origins of humanity. Modern humans have lived in the region for over 100 000 years.The latest discovery is a new species of hominid, Australopithecus sediba, almost two million years old. It was discovered in the Cradle of Humankind World Heritage Site, 40 kilometres from Johannesburg, South Africa in 2010. The small, mobile bands of Stone-Age hunter- gatherers, who created a wealth of rock art, were the ancestors of the Khoikhoi and San of historical times. The Khoikhoin and San (the "Hottentots" and "Bushmen" of early European terminology), although collectively known as the Khoisan, are often thought of as distinct peoples.The former were those who, some 2 000 years ago, adopted a pastoralist lifestyle herding sheep and, later, cattle. Whereas the hunter-gatherers adapted to local environments and were scattered across the subcontinent, the herders sought out...
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