...Due to government measures (Department for Work and Pensions (DWP), 2004) there has been a significant decline in child poverty in the UK. According to the ‘Households Below Average Income’ survey 1994/95 – 2011/12 (HBAI), carried out by the Department for Work and Pensions, 2012, around 1.1 million children had been brought out of poverty between the period of 1998 - 2012. However, there are still approximately 3.6 million children living in poverty in the UK (HBAI, 2012) which is costing the UK around £25 billion each year (Child Poverty Action Group, CPAG, 2012). Much research has been carried out on child poverty, but as Magadi (2010) points out, very little is known about the extent and reasons as to why children are in severe poverty. This research will set out to discuss the major influences on child poverty at local and national level as well as addressing what measures are being taken to deal with the issues of severe child poverty within a primary setting. Although income is a major contributing factor to poverty, Perry (2002) suggests that it should take in to account a variety of factors due to its multi-dimensional nature (cited in Magadi, 2010, p.298), such as material deprivation. Material deprivation identifies those who are unable to afford things that many people take for granted such as holidays, hobbies and leisure activities or not being able to afford to replace worn out furniture or electrical goods. Measuring poverty on income alone can only lead to...
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...Parents Influence on Child Development Parents play an important role in their children’s developmental stages such as; cognitive emotional health, social ability, personality and a healthy adult life. All four areas of a Childs development needs are influenced by their environment but most important their parents, or any power adult figure in their lives. If a child is born with a disorder, mental disability or illness of any type that is for a fact out of the parent’s control. In contrast, if a child slowly develops negative behavior in any four aspects, I believe the parents play a part in this. A parent influences what their child is exposed too, different people to new places. We were shown “Parenthood” a comedy that holds facts about family dynamics. For example Gil and Karen Buckman have a family of three kids, the oldest; Kevin needs to be in a special education environment. Due to Kevin’s behavior in school his teachers are able to detect an area in which he needs a more intimate learning experience. If any parent or myself were to have Kevin or a child similar to him, I would want him to accept his problem as well learn to live a healthy lifestyle. In order to make a child in Kevin’s shoes comfortable I would ensure he interacted with other kids his age who were both special ED and the regular student whenever he could, this way he would learn social skills. I believe that parents should tell their children why they love them, and have open relationships in...
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...Assignment 1: Exploration of a Professional Journal Article in Psychology Title: The Role and Influence of the Father on his Child Anthony Hunt Professor Carolyn Bird Psy 100 This research article reviews the effects of the father’s influence on his child. It involves interpretative phenomenological analysis of eight participants and the recurrence of information provided in case notes of three men and five women. This research is based on philosophical discipline originated by Edmund Husserl (1913). Husserl developed the phenomenological method to make possible a descriptive account of the essential structures of the directly given. Phenomenology emphasizes the immediacy of experience, the attempt to isolate it and set it off from all assumptions of existence or causal influence and lay bare its essential structure. (Encyclopedia Britannica, 2012) During my research I have gathered from this information why a father’s personality and behavior may effect a child’s social and emotional adjustment. Particularly, how children obtain and maintain healthy relationships with others in their future. The purpose of this research is to examine the role of the father and his child’s upbringing and to determine whether that role has a positive or negative effect. The findings will support the eight recurrent themes evolving from the 12 master themes of the eight participants. In accordance to the overall field of Psychology, this review relates to Chapter 8, Friendship...
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...Parents play an important role in their children’s developmental stages such as; cognitive emotional health, social ability, personality and a healthy adult life. All four areas of a Childs development needs are influenced by their environment but most important their parents, or any power adult figure in their lives. If a child is born with a disorder, mental disability or illness of any type that is for a fact out of the parent’s control. In contrast, if a child slowly develops negative behavior in any four aspects, I believe the parents play a part in this. A parent influences what their child is exposed too, different people to new places. We were shown “Parenthood” a comedy that holds facts about family dynamics. For example Gil and Karen Buckman have a family of three kids, the oldest; Kevin needs to be in a special education environment. Due to Kevin’s behavior in school his teachers are able to detect an area in which he needs a more intimate learning experience. If any parent or myself were to have Kevin or a child similar to him, I would want him to accept his problem as well learn to live a healthy lifestyle. In order to make a child in Kevin’s shoes comfortable I would ensure he interacted with other kids his age who were both special ED and the regular student whenever he could, this way he would learn social skills. I believe that parents should tell their children why they love them, and have open relationships in order to build a strong bond from an early age....
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...The microsystem is the immediate environment in which the boy would be surrounded by on a daily basis. He is influenced by his consistent daily interactions with his mother. However, he can also influence the way she treats him. Other factors that can be apart of his microsystem include his home, other caregivers, his friends, and siblings. Since these interactions take place on a daily basis these factors can have an immense impact on his development. How much toys that he can play with at home, how loving and caring his mother and other care givers are, how his friends treat him and how he treats them, and if he has siblings how they interact with one another will influence his development. Toys he can play with will allow his imagination...
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...Environmental influences that affect development are the child’s social/ cultural environment, thus family, educators, religion, culture, and economic status. Secondly, nurturing in a relationship with primary educators essential for healthy development and impact on brain development. Lastly, physical environment, health, nutrition, safety and geographic location of the child. Child development cannot happen in isolation, therefore, the environment and social factors influence a child’s development immensely. Economic status can affect the child’s development if the child has a poor diet due to poverty can result in many delays in development (Kearns, 2014). Many family tradition and practices can alternate the child’s development. Sociocultural...
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...How Families Influence Child Development Family is an essential part of everyone’s development. A family can determine who you are going to be and your family values determine what your relationship with others will be like. If a family is dysfunctional or abusive it can emotionally scar an individual. Through time family values have been changed and lost. Instead of family togetherness and talking with each other, families now go on their separate ways. Examples, most families today don’t eat dinner together or partake in group activities. Our society thrives on independence and doing things on our own but has this changed the way people see the family. The most common comparison is the 1950’s to the 2000’s of today. This is good comparison because the 50’s was the time when family values were the highest priority. Although the 50’s were known as the greatest generation of our time, family values were what were most important. One example of a family would be the dad going to work and the mom staying home to take care of the house. This always showed the kids that there was one parent always there for help, with HW or to have a snack prepared after school. One thing the 50’s were known for were their family dinners that everyone in the household was there for. The family had outings and talked about issues they were having. One thing teens valued was the ability to speak to their parents about things they wanted to know. In today’s society family isn’t as important...
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...Influence of Culture on Parenting Practices and Child Development Gloria Moore MFCC 537 October 17, 2015 Professor Timothy Docheff Influence of Culture on Parenting Practices and Child Development Parenting practices and child development have a strong correlation. “Parents often like to think that children are immune to the stressful complexities and troubles of the rapidly changing adult world” (Henderson, 2011). Many adults underestimate the perception of children to the world and, therefore, believing concerns of the child do not matter. There are numerous factors involved in the developing child such as family constellation, home environment, peer pressures, and societal stresses. “The family, school, community, and many other variables enhance or impede a child’s well-being.” (Henderson, 2011). An examination of the effect of environmental stressors on a child's health and wellbeing is provided. A glance at how cultural differences in parenting influence a child's developments is mentioned. Additionally, how secure attachment and problematic family relationships affect a child's wellbeing. Equally important are the factors contributing to attachment concerns during the child development, such as newly formed blended family. Effects of Environmental Stressors “Crime, corrupt public figures, a world full of tension, war, and the threat of terrorism that may strike anywhere at any time also create an environment of uncertainty and fear” (Henderson, 2011, p. 9)...
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...Child Development During a child’s early development they learn more quickly than any other time in their life. They are eager to learn and are easily influenced throughout their childhood. These influences are categorized in three different groups. They are social, economic, and cultural influences. These different influences can affects a child’s development both negatively and positively. Social influence is very important for all ages, but it changes and forms over the course of childhood. Social influence comes in many shapes and sizes, but there are some majors influences that affect a child more dramatically. One of the main positive social influences is family. Family is especially important because they are the people that a child spends most of their early childhood with. They have a direct and indirect influences on the challenges that children encounter and have the resources they need to accomplish those certain challenges. Within the family children learn social skills and attach to people who love and care for them. Children who have parents that spend time with them are able to reach out and relate to others. There is a theory called the Attachment Theory which explain that the emergence of an emotional bond between an infant and their parent or caregiver and the way in which this bond affects the child's behavioral and emotional development into adulthood. According to this theory, children who have a secure bond with their parent use this attachment to...
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... Social Interaction Misty Stevens PSY/300 March 14, 2010 Jason Sapir Social Interaction From the moment a child is born they are bundles of energy who have no idea what to expect from the world around them. Social interaction and influences are one of the first things that children come in contact with. As parents we teach our children to be themselves no matter what others think. As babies children are placed in situations that their parents but them in most the time in the group of friends that the parents interact with. This is just the beginning of the cycle of social interaction they are either liked by these friends or not. Soon after starting school kids experience their own social influences if they like school they may not be liked by the cool kids. As children it is hard to not fit in with the cool group of kids because at that moment the only thing they think about is being in the popular crowd. This was no different for one of the little boys in the first grade at one of the local elementary schools. After observing in the classroom for an hour I went out to the playground to observe the kids playing. A little boy who was...
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...effects of the media has been far more harmful on the youth than we can ever imagine. Media can be defined as internet sites, blogs, YouTube, social networking, and t.v shows. Media violence researchers have concluded that there are several ways media violence influences a young persons' behavior. Passive media violence affects a young person through exposure to television violence in programs, movies or news that is only observed by the child or teen. Young children are also influenced negatively by interactive media violence, where they participate, like in video games or activities on the internet. "Even short term-exposure to violent television programs and film media, both can cause aggressive emotions and behavior serious enough to harm others," according to Department of Psychological Science. There are certain factors that will influence the degree that media violence has on the youth. The presence of these factors will moderate the negative behavioral actions of the affected child. For instance, depending upon the age of the viewer, previous displays of aggressiveness as well as the intelligence level can determine how violent media will have an influence. "In addition, the influence of parents, the child social environment or how the children perceives the media as realistic...
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...United States International University-Africa. Introduction This theory finds its roots in Bandura’s 1977’s social learning theory which states that some prim aspects of television programming normally get and retain the attention of the viewers. It is therefore from here that Bandura suggested that once a child is exposed to the television programs, perceptive watching followed by an almost automatic attention and interpretation. This is a theory then that rests under media effects category. The many researchers who have put its hypothesis to research over the years have all tried to ascertain whether it is true indeed that viewers get directly involved with the media messages they consume from the media (Television) This theory however hasn’t really been accepted across by all media researchers as some have come out to question the perceived active television watching by the audiences saying that in reality television viewing as relates to the audience is more of reactive and passive as opposed to the one on one involvement suggested in the theory. This report therefore focuses on the specific contributions this theory has made in understanding the influence the media has on audiences and the scholars who have disagreed with the theory basing their arguments on ‘media audience research’ which this report relies...
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...increasing. The average high school student spends as much as 8-10 hours a day with some type of media, according to recent findings from the Geena Davis Institute. Studies estimate that counting all ads, logos, labels, and announcements a child is exposed to 16,000 images in one day. (Youth Media Reporter 2009). Media and Violence Against Women Often, media such as TV, commercials, movies, music lyrics, and even Halloween costumes, sexually exploits girls and young women; and it perpetuates unhealthy and unrealistic stereotypical portrayals of both young men and women. Sexually violent material can contribute to a social climate in which violence against women is more accepted. According to several studies by the APA Task Force on the Sexualization of Girls (2007), men and women exposed to sexually objectifying and violent images of women from mainstream media were more accepting of rape myths, sexual harassment, sex role stereotypes, and interpersonal violence. Such structures of violence allow violence against women to exist and persist. This handout and activity will analyze the impact of media on the rights of girls and young women from an international human rights framework, specifically the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC), and the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW). The ideals of human rights aim to protect people from abuses and...
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...considerable research, the model has gone through signiJicant developments. A more comprehensive model is presented here that reviews the following: various motivations of the influencing agent; an assessment of available power bases in terms of potential effectiveness, time perspective, personal preferences, values and norms; consideration of other strategies such as manipulation; utilization of various preparatory and stage-setting devices to strengthen olte’s power resources; implementation of the power strategies; assessment of effectiveness of influence attempt and its positive andl or negative aftereffects; use of various ameliorative devices; and review, reconsideration, and another round of influence strategies. The overall model is examined in terms of its applicability to various settings including hospital infection control, patient compliance with physicians’ recommendations, confrontations between political jgures, children’s influence on their peers, conflict resolution and negotiation, as well as supervisorlsubordinate relationships. More than 30 years have now elapsed since John R. P. French and I presented a typological analysis of the bases of power in interpersonal inThis article is based on a presentation made at the...
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...Social Influences on Behavior Donnie Toms PSY 200 Feb 24 2013 Dr. Hawkins Social Influences on Behavior Introduction Everybody has their normal day to day life, whether that is going to work, going to school, staying at home, or doing whatever that day. Most of us have some type of social interaction on a daily basis and depending on what your day consist of dictates the type of social influences around us. We all have our own thoughts, feelings and actions, but when we are around other people those same thoughts, feelings and actions could be different. When you are at work the atmosphere is professional and work related, but if you are out with friends having some fun the atmosphere is more party like. The change in social influences dictates our behavior and what we deem to be appropriate. Social influence is defined as “the process wherein one person's attitudes, beliefs, or behaviors are changed as a result of interaction with another individual or with a group” (Stavrositu 2011). Social Behaviors There are various types of social behaviors that people exhibit depending on the influences around us. These influences can be conformity, the act of matching our attitude, beliefs and behaviors with a group of people. Conformity is when we would adapt what the culture deems normal and include that into our daily lives even when alone. Peer pressure is the influence put on us by a peer group or any individual to change our attitude, beliefs, or behaviors. Peer...
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