...largest population in the world with over 1.3 billion people, has taken a stance against over population. By introducing China’s One-Child Policy (Family Planning Policy) in 1979, China hopes to decrease its country’s annual population growth. China has implemented the policy by many different ways; propaganda, taxation, and multiple forms of birth control. Though China’s intentions are to give its citizens better living conditions by enforcing its policy, many controversial topics about human rights have risen about the affects of the One-Child Policy. Also other issues that China has to deal with are the major demographic events that will occur. For example the significant and growing gender imbalance. With many negative side effects with China’s One-Child Policy, one thing is certain, China’s policy is working. According to an article from the Joint Force Quarterly called “Graying Panda Shrinking Dragon” written by Matt Isler, China’s One-Child Policy has successfully slowed its population growth and has curtailed over 250 million births sense its inception (pg 2). China’s One-Child Policy has been doing its purpose but at the cost of its own citizens’ human rights. One of China’s largest concerns today is the problem of over population. China believes that for its nation to be prosperous and the people to be happy family planning and population control must be implemented. According to the website of the Embassy of the...
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...submission: Economic Impact of China’s Demographics Introduction Policies regarding population development are a major factor towards determining China’s future economic prospects. China is the most populous country in the world, doubling its population over the last 60 years (Lee & Qingjun 58). For the rapid population growth that China has achieved over the last few decades, controlling and monitoring the growth of the population has been at the core of the country’s administration. Policies have to be implemented that actively seek to implement demographic recommendations and stipulations with the aim of developing a sustainable population base compatible with the economy. Institution of population control legislation such as the one-child policy has effectively controlled the mushrooming population growth that distinguished China from the other world demographics. The result of the population control policy in the face of reduced death rates and low fertility rates has painted a grim picture for the Chinese economy. The result of the envisaged scenario is an increase of the number of old people in the country and a continual decline in the number of young people. This paper focuses on highlighting the potential challenges the country faces from having a reduced young workforce in an economy growing at a phenomenal rate. Due to the overhanging specter of an unsustainable population in the country with unchecked reproduction, the government imposed a policy of ‘controlled reproduction’...
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...China's population The most surprising demographic crisis A new census raises questions about the future of China’s one-child policy May 5th 2011 | BEIJING | The Economist * * DOES China have enough people? The question might seem absurd. The country has long been famous both for having the world’s largest population and for having taken draconian measures to restrain its growth. Though many people, Chinese and outsiders alike, have looked aghast at the brutal and coercive excesses of the one-child policy, there has also often been a grudging acknowledgment that China needed to do something to keep its vast numbers in check. But new census figures bolster claims made in the past few years that China is suffering from a demographic problem of a different sort: too low a birth rate. The latest numbers, released on April 28th and based on the nationwide census conducted last year, show a total population for mainland China of 1.34 billion. They also reveal a steep decline in the average annual population growth rate, down to 0.57% in 2000-10, half the rate of 1.07% in the previous decade. The data imply that the total fertility rate, which is the number of children a woman of child-bearing age can expect to have, on average, during her lifetime, may now be just 1.4, far below the “replacement rate” of 2.1, which eventually leads to the population stabilising. Slower growth is matched by a dramatic ageing of the population. People above the age of 60 now represent...
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...for poor nations developing and developed countries all around the world. Therefore, government of these countries need to take immediate action to control population. There appears to be many problems caused by overpopulation. The first of these is the depletion of resources. The Earth can only produce a limited amount of water and food, which is falling short of the current needs. Degradation of Environment, rise in unemployment, and a higher cost of living are among the additional problems that are caused by overpopulation. Furthermore, a number of solutions might be made to control birth rates by the government. First and foremost, I would like to acknowledge that I do not support the government in taking actions to limit the number of children we are allowed to have. I believe that this type of control violates a much-cherished personal freedom in starting a family and passing your genes on to your offspring. Instead of limiting us, they can educate residents about the benefits of limiting birth rate. Soon as they have been given the knowledge, people can raise awareness to remain with lower birth rates. The government can also apply family planning and fertility control. For instance, China’s one child policy This policy was established by Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping in 1979 to limit communist China’s population growth (Jian 2013). Although it was...
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...Recent years in all countries the products of China’s industry are commonly used; electronic devices, toys, textile, products are some of them. Until very near future China was not well known by people; although it had an important position in the global economy. For hundreds of years the general policy of China had aimed protecting its culture, so it tried to avoid improving relationships with foreign countries. For centuries China have had pure culture. But after the communist regime in China, there occurred lots of policy change especially in economy. Till 1949, China was trying to feed only its own nation, the productivity is sufficient for itself; afterwards China speed up its productivity. That is surprising for the rest of the world. In lots of sectors China’s products start to be sold; so everyone think about an important question: “How did China develop so rapidly?” The answer is not single because development requires a continuous and successive process. Through this process China have passed some stages successfully, one of these stages is political reforms and as a result economic reforms. In order to better understand the success of Chinese economy today first the process of political development that China has passed through should be analysed. *Teng-hui (1995) reports the political reforms of China from 1930’s till 1990’s.For two thousand years China was administrated by an emperor. It did not have a democratic regime. Between 1937 and 1945 there...
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...China's one child policy : The one-child policy is the population control policy of the People's Republic of China . It restricts urban couples to only one child, while allowing additional children in several cases, including twins, rural couples, ethnic minorities, and couples who are both only children themselves. In 2007, according to a spokesman of the Committee on the One-Child Policy, approximately 35.9% of China's population was subject to a one-child restriction. The Special Administrative Regions of Hong Kong and Macau are exempt from the policy. Also exempt from this law are foreigners living in China. This policy was introduced in 1978 and initially applied from 1979. It was created by the Chinese government to alleviate social, economic, and environmental problems in China, and authorities claim that the policy has prevented more than 250 million births between 1980 and 2000, and 400 million births from about 1979 to 2011; this claim is disputed by two independent scholars, who put the number of prevented births from 1979 to 2009 at 100 million. The policy is controversial both within and outside China because of the manner in which the policy has been implemented, and because of concerns about negative social consequences. The policy has been implicated in an increase in forced abortions, female infanticide, and underreporting of female births, and has been suggested as a possible cause behind China's sex imbalance. Nonetheless, a 2008 survey undertaken by the...
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...China's one child policy was established by Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping in 1979 to limit communist China's population growth. Although designated a "temporary measure," it continues a quarter-century after its establishment. The policy limits couples to one child. Fines, pressures to abort a pregnancy, and even forced sterilization accompanied second or subsequent pregnancies. It is not an all-encompassing rule because it has always been restricted to ethnic Han Chinese living in urban areas. Citizens living in rural areas and minorities living in China are not subject to the law. However, the rule has been estimated to have reduced population growth in the country of 1.3 billion by as much as 300 million people over its first twenty years. This rule has caused a disdain for female infants; abortion, neglect, abandonment, and even infanticide have been known to occur to female infants. The result of such Draconian family planning has resulted in the disparate ratio of 114 males for every 100 females among babies from birth through children four years of age. Normally, 105 males are naturally born for every 100 females. Recent Effects of the One Child Law Now that millions of siblings-less people in China are now young adults in or nearing their child-bearing years, a special provision allows millions of couples to have two children legally. If a couple is composed of two people without siblings, then they may have two children of their own, thus preventing too dramatic of...
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...Contents 1.Population policy of Mongolia…………………………………4 1.1. History and background……………………………………………………4-6 1.2. Population policy:…………………………………………………………..6-7 1.2.1.One. Population growth and health:………………………………………8-9 1.2.2.Two . Food and housing: …………………………………………………9 1.2.3.Three. Education and employment: ………………………………………9 1.2.4.Four. Distribution and migration: ………………………………………...10 1.2.5.Five. Registration, information and research: …………………………….11 1.2.6.Six. Link between population and sustainable development; …………….11 1.2.7.Seven. Status of family and social groups:………………………………..11 1.2.8. Eight. Administration of population policies and resources: …………….11-12 2. Population policy of China…………………………………….12 2.1. Population of China………………………………………………………...12-15 2.1.1.Ethnicity and Religion in China…………………………………………...15 2.1.2.One-child policy…………………………………………………………...15-16 2.1.3.Recent Effects of the One Child Law……………………………………..16-17 2.1.4.The Future of China's One Child Law…………………………………….17 3. Conclusion……………………………………………………….18-19 Population policy (Comparing China to Mongolia) 1.Population policy of Mongolia Mongolia's population is sparsely distributed, young, and increasing rapidly. With an estimated midyear 1990 population of 2,125,463, the average population density was 1.36 people per square kilometer. The rate of natural increase was the result of high birthrates and of death rates that were relatively low by world standards...
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...cause you to question a few of your thoughts on how you will address the wk 6 assignment. Controversy is a great way to make one think! Hamlin, Kevin. (2001, 8 Sept). China’s One-Child Policy Is Crippling Industry: Low-margin businesses are suffering from a shrinking labor pool and rising costs. Bloomberg Businessweek. Retrieved from http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/chinas-onechild-policy-is-crippling-industry-09082011.html China’s One-Child Policy Is Crippling Industry: Low-margin businesses are suffering from a shrinking labor pool and rising costs. [pic] By Kevin Hamlin Lin Chang Jie is battling to save his family’s business, which makes towels, cushions, and robes in the eastern Chinese city of Ningbo. The main threat he faces is a dwindling supply of workers, which forces him to pay higher wages. “I have to find a new way,” says Lin, 29, who is attempting to transform his Dejin Textile into an online fashion retailer in order to shrink headcount and keep the business from closing. “Wages are going up, up, up,” he says. “If we don’t like somebody’s work we can’t say anything, in case they leave.” Manufacturers such as Lin are caught in a demographic trap. China instituted a one-child policy in 1979 to constrain population growth and foster prosperity for the next generation. The byproduct of that policy is an accelerating decline in the pool of young and largely unskilled labor that is the mainstay of mainland factories churning out low-margin goods such as clothes, toys...
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...that the families continued to produce babies and they were headed for major problems. The Chinese government came out with, Later Sparcer Fewer Policy. The Policy encouraged Couples to have children later in life, space the births farther apart, and have fewer children. The problem with this policy was that there were already millions of people in China. 1979 Chinese government came up with an extreme plan of the One Child Policy. This policy allows citizens to pick up the birth before the birth of their child. 1980 The Birth Quota System was established to monitor population growth. Target goals were set for each region of the country. Local government officials were responsible for enforcing the population control rules and making sure they did not exceed the the limit they were allotted. Government officials were punished by law and loss of privileges if the pre-established goals were not met. 1980 ( SFPC) Population and Information Research Center was founded. SFPC was established so that different organizations could share information regarding population control. They are responsible for assimilating information and providing it the Chinese government which in turns helps to form policies. China's population is expected to rise to 1.5 billion by the year 2025. 1983 Other population control methods were set up for families over two children by The Chinese government they included; mandatory tubal ligations, vasectomies, and abortions...
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...The one-child policy is the one-child limitation in the population control policy of the People's Republic of China. The Chinese government refers to it under the official translation of family planning policy. It officially restricts married, urban couples to having only one child, while allowing exemptions for several cases, including rural couples, ethnic minorities, and parents without any siblings themselves. A spokesperson of the Committee on the One-Child Policy has said that approximately 35.9% of China's population is currently subject to the one-child restriction. The Special Administrative Regions of Hong Kong and Macau are completely exempt from the policy. Also exempt from this law are foreigners living in China. This policy was introduced in 1978 and initially applied to first-born children in the year of 1979. It was created by the Chinese government to alleviate social, economic, and environmental problems in China, and authorities claim that the policy has prevented between 250 and 300 million births from its implementation until 2000, The policy is controversial both within and outside China because of the manner in which the policy has been implemented, and because of concerns about negative social consequences. The policy has been implicated in an increase in forced abortions, of female births, and has been suggested as a possible cause behind China's gender imbalance. Nonetheless, a 2008 survey undertaken by the Pew Research Center reported that 76% of the...
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...One child Policy China China is an authoritarian country in which capitalism is allowed to flourish however many rights that are considered basic in democracies are denied. With just over 1.3 billion China is the world's largest and most populous country. As the world's population is approximately 6.5 billion, China represents a full 20% of the world's population so one in every five people on the planet is a resident of China. With just over 1.3 billion people (1,313,973,713 as of mid-2006); China is the world's largest and most populous country. As the world's population is approximately 6.5 billion, China represents a full 20% of the world's population so one in every five people on the planet is a resident of China. The population density in China is 130 people per sq km. However, China’s Population wasn’t Always like this. After the proclamation of the People's Republic of China in 1949, China was ruled by the Eight Immortals, which included Mao Zedong. Mao Believed that of all things people was most precious. The Population growth caused Famine In that killed millions of people by 1962. The One Child law wasn’t implemented until Three years after Mao Death in 1979. In China the One child Policy restricts families to one child each. The government has officials and government positions specifically to keep this policy in effect. It was originally suppose to be temporary but it is still last 25 years later. Mao Zedong was a Chinese Marxist theorist, soldier, and statesman...
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...World arguments for and against birth control and population Women in the 20th century truly look at population and birth control differently from earlier centuries. One of the reasons includes accessibility of free birth control in developed countries. World arguments for and against birth control and population are on the rise. It is well known for the controversial nature of the debate and creates differences for people who are for and against. The debate on birth control has issues like women status, religious doctrine, services needed, human rights, and population control and development. Arguments For Birth Control Services Needed Free birth control services are needed in many countries. Due to the access of free birth control in America, it is a woman’s choice to receive it or not. "In the spring of 2013, 40% of privately insured women in the United States on birth control pills paid nothing, up from 15% in the fall of 2012. Women who use contraceptive ring climbed from 23% to 52% (Smeltz, 2014, ¶3)". In under developed countries access to free birth control is not always available. “Of the 1.5 billion women of reproductive age in developing countries in 2012, 867 million (57%) wanted to avoid pregnancy and therefore needed contraception. The number of women wanting to avoid pregnancy increased by 151 million between 2003 and 2012” (Darroch, 2013, p.4). Over populated areas are limited to resources. With these resources limited epidemics run wild and extra...
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...thinks of a nation populated mostly by men and boys, with a noticeable yet surreal absence of women. While this is a bit of an exaggeration, it has been noted over the past several decades that there is an alarmingly imbalanced sex-ratio. The policy has clearly contributed to the nation’s unnatural gender imbalance, as couples use legal and illegal means to ensure that their only child is a son. There are 117 men to each 100 women in China (Goodkind, 2004). In the 1979, when the one-child policy was enacted, the intention was not to create this imbalance, but to control the population of a rapidly growing nation. Unfortunately the one-child policy as it stands, illustrates a cultural favoritism toward males, and degradation of women to a lower social status in which they have little control of their reproductive rights. In communist China, prior to the population boom, more people meant more manpower to create more economic prospects for the communist nation. The communist government condemned birth control and banned imports of contraceptives (Attane, 2002). Lack of birth control, and government encouragement led China into a time of vast population increase. Hundreds of millions of extra children were born in a baby boom that sent the birth rate soaring to 5.8 children per couple, a level considered unsustainable (Cai &ump; Lavely, 2003). With an increasingly growing population, food sources began to become depleted, and soon it became clear that the rate of reproduction needed...
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...One Child Policy China What is the Policy? In the late 1970’s the Chinese government decided to introduce a number of measures to reduce the country’s birthrate and slow down the mass population growth. One of the greatest and most successful policies was the “One Child Policy”. This policy involves a couple only being allowed one child per family. In 1950 the rate of population change in China was 1.9%, an increase of around 1% would mean that the population would double in less than 24 years. The policy was established by the Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping in 1979, at first this was a temporary measure to limit childbirths but has been continued ever since. At first when the policy was introduced there were two major concerns, how it would affect the booming economy and society in general? Why was it introduced? When the “One Child Policy” was brought into action in 1979 China’s population was 975.4 million people, in 2012 the population of China is around 1.34 billion, this is a growth of 138%. Although this seems a lot China is slowly slowing down their population growth especially compared to India’s which has had a 180% increase. The most recent peak in fertility rates in China was in the late 1960’s when it was 5.91. When the “One Child Policy” was introduced the fertility rate of Chinese women was 2.91 and the country had to slow this down, as they would not have enough resources and a structured infrastructure for the country to keep growing. Previous...
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