...Business Memo to The C.E.O of Nokia Date: November 25, 2015 To: Rajeev Suri, C.E.O From: Shreya Chugh, UOM Subject: Upper Echelons of Nokia Nokia is one of the leading companies in the sector of advanced technologies and mobile network with an advantage of 100 years of experience and expertise in telecommunications from 2G to 3G to 4G and now the emerging 5G. It has always been and intends to remain at the cutting edge of mobile technology. (Anon, 2015) Its market share was 48.7 percent in the third quarter of 2007. By the third quarter of 2012 the company's market share had slipped to just 3.5 percent (Statista, 2015). Nokia has shown great improvement ever since this decline. Coming in 3rd place, scraping what market share has been left behind from the dominant Android and iOS, it continues to be one of the largest operators in the market (Byron, 2013). This memo attempts to closely evaluate the reasons behind the decline of the market share and will primarily focus on the decision making by the upper echelons of the company that led to this decline. Its main aim is to provide possible interventions based on the upper echelons theory that could help the company regain its lost position and customer base. This memo will dive deep into the cognitive frames and the demographic characters of the CEO and the top management team (TMT) that affect the strategic decisions of a company, based on the theory. It will be imperative to do a quick historic evaluation of the...
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...APPLE’S PROFITABLE BUT ISKY STRATEGY Case Study [Type the author name] CASE STUDY ON PROFITABLE BUT RISKY STRATEGY OF APPLE INTRODUCTION: A long term plan and action that is formulated to help a company to setback and achieve a competitive advantage against its competitor and rival is called competitive strategy. This type of strategy is frequently used in marketing, promotion and advertising operations by somehow questioning the rivalry's service or product. Competitive strategies are vital to businesses which are competing in markets for the leading position, the market which is deeply saturated with substitutes for consumers. (Porter,2008). This case study is truly about the competitive strategy of Apple. Apple was founded in 1976 by two Steve Job and Steve Wozniak. Apple initiated its early reputation by making user friendly personal computers and keeping the price high against those made by the competitors. Their first computer was the Apple Macintosh (MAC). It was launched in 1984. From the very first, Apple’s strategy was innovative and profitable. Innovation brings risk with it. So Apple always followed innovative, risky but a highly profitable strategy. Apple is a front line company in industry of electronics whether in cell phones, tablets, personal computers and music devices etc. Apple’s software is actually the one which is greatly designed and programmed. Apple charge premium and comparatively high price from the consumers when compared with prices...
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...| | | | | | | | | | |ASSIGNMENT | |SEPTEMBER 2015 SEMESTER | | | | | |SUBJECT CODE |: |MPO 601 | |SUBJECT TITLE |: |MANAGING...
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...1. In 1993 the Fonder and C.E.O unveiled what he called “New Management” a top-to-bottom strategy for the entire company. The goal of the new management was to make Samsung become a premier band that would dethrone Sony as the biggest consumer electronics firm in the world. The first step that Samsung took to become cutting edge product leader was new product development which was defined by Kotler and Armstrong as development of product, product improvement, product medication and new brand through the firm product development. Samsung implemented this by hiring a new group of young designers who creates sleek, bold, innovative and stylish product targeting high-end users. They then went a step further by Product testing Marketing which is also defined by Kolter and Armstrong whereby every product had to pass the “WOW” test, if it did not get a “WOOW” reaction during the market testing, it went back to the design studio making Samsung conduct integrated test of product and its entire marketing program-targeting and positioning strategy, advertising, distribution, pricing, branding and packaging and budget levels providing management the information needed to make a final decision about whether to launch the new product or going back to the studio. With the use of Positioning Commerzials Samsung abandoned low-end distributers and they decided to choose to work with specialty retailer such as Best Buy and Circuit City. 2. I believed Samsung process all these three approach...
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...deepwater oil drilling incident of April 20, 2010, and done a better job of crisis management after the fact? This environmental emergency was the result of the Deepwater Horizon drilling rig explosion which killed 11 workers, injured 17 others, and resulted in a sea-floor oil gusher leaking 185 million gallons of crude oil into the Gulf of Mexico. The media is filled with stories criticizing BP for not taking proper precautions to prevent the accident, and for their public response immediately following it. The following are representative of the headlines covering media outlets across the country and internationally: “BP touts itself as ‘green’, but faces PR disaster with BP oil spill” (Farhi, 2010), “Another Torrent BP Works to Stem: Its C.E.O.” (Krauss, 2010) “BP contingency plans for dealing with oil spill was riddled with errors” (Clark, 2010), “BP’s failures made worse by PR mistakes” (Weber, 2010), “BP oil spill: Leadership and IT failure (Krigsman, 2010). Statement of major relevant principles to be applied The major relevant principles to be applied to this analysis are strategic planning and leadership as they relate to crisis management. Strategic Planning Strategic planning is the process by which organizations define their strategy and make decisions on allocating resources to pursue that strategy. This includes decisions about the organization’s goals as they relate to long term survival, value, and growth. Strategic plans are heavily influenced by external...
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...THE BODY SHOP Strategic Implementation Plan Table of Content Introduction 3 Section I Strategic Management Practices 4 1.1 The Body Shop’s Strategic Management Practices 4 1.2 Limitations and Alternative Approaches 6 1.3 Strategy proposed 7 Section II Corporate Governance 8 2.1 Evaluation of Governance structure 8 2.2 What is the stakeholder’s role? 9 2.2.1 Keep satisfied 10 2.2.2 Keep Informed 11 2.2.3 Key players 11 Section III Hard Changes in the Body Shop 13 3.1 Existing Value Chain 13 3.2 Adjustment 14 3.3 What strategy method should Body Shop undertake? 15 Section IV Culture and Leadership Changes 17 4.1 Strategic Change through Culture 17 4.1.1 Control Systems 19 4.1.2 Organisation and Power Structures 19 4.2 Strategic Change through Leadership 20 Section V Implementation Plan 21 5.1 Preliminary Activities to enter China 22 5.2 Procedure of starting a Business in China 23 5.3 Setting up the First Store 23 Conclusion 24 References 25 Introduction L’Oreal Group is the world’s largest cosmetic and beauty company, headquartered in France. It offers a vast amount of products and services across the cosmetic field, concentrating on make-up, hair care, skin care, perfumes and sun protection. L’Oreal divides its brand portfolio into five divisions, Professional products, L’Oreal Luxe, Consumer Products, Active cosmetics and The Body Shop, which covers different the lines to...
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...Advanced Leadership Final Paper Repair Question 2 Mohamed Khatib 900812 1st of December 2013 Pages: 4 Words: 2000 Supervisors: Markus Plate, Ph.D. & Imran Nazir 2. Pick a theme from the course and connect this to practice by choosing one well-known business leader and apply the theme on the business leader you have chosen 2.1 Introduction In the year if 1915 D.W. Griffith directed the controversial yet influential motion picture ´The birth of a Nation´. The movie chronicles the events that occurred during the Civil war and was a commercial success however it was criticized for its racist topics (Richard Brody, 2013). Nevertheless it became one of the most influential movies ever made and it would go on to inspire the motion picture industry. Some men who noticed the potential in cinema were the Warner Brothers. Albert, Jack, Harry and Sam Wonskolaser were born in Poland to Jewish parents and immigrated to the United States in 1888 while changing their last name to Warner. The brothers were fascinated with the nickelodeon business and purchased the Cascade Theater in 1905 (Warner & Jennings 1965). The theater turned out to be a wise purchase as it became very successful in terms of profit and even helped them buy other theaters (Bob Thomas, 1990). The success did not last long as the Thomas Edison´s Motion Picture Patents Company charged high fees for the showing of films in theaters (Warner & Jennings 1965). The patent caused the Warner bros to sell their theaters...
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...INTRODUCTION TO PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT DEFINITIONS Management is a process of achieving organizational goals by engaging in the function of planning, organizing, leading and controlling. Kibera (1996) defines management as a set of activities directed at the efficient and effective utilization of resources in pursuit of one or more objectives. A manager is a person responsible for directing the efforts aimed at helping the organization achieve its goals. Managerial performance is the measure of how efficient and effective a manager is i.e. how well he/she determines and achieves appropriate objectives. Organizational performance is the measure of how efficient and effective an organization is i.e. how well it achieves appropriate objectives. MANAGEMENT FUNCTION Management is referred to as a process because it is a systematic way of doing things. Like any other process, all managers engage in certain interrelated activities in order to achieve their desired goals. Four of the key management functions are:- a) Planning - Is the process of setting goals and deciding how best to achieve them. b) Organizing - Involves allocating and arranging human and non human resources for the successful implementation of plans c) Leading - Is the process of influencing others to engage in work behavior necessary to reach the organization goals. d) Controlling - Involves regulating organizational activities so...
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...PART I - INTRODUCTION Chapter 1 Introduction and Goals of the Firm Managerial economics is that part of economics applied to the decisions that managers must make. When managers make decisions that maximize firm profits, they simultaneously maximize shareholder wealth and promote efficient allocation of resources. Managers drift away from this objective when they concentrate on their own security. To avoid non-profit maximizing behavior, a growing number of firms are structuring compensation plans for managers that promote long-term profitability. Shareholder Wealth Maximization 1. To align the interests of the shareholders of Salomon Smith Barney with the interests of its chairman, most of the chairman's compensation is based on the performance of the company relative to its five major competitors. 2. Executive compensation is based on Salomon' return on equity and return on equity of their competitors. The bonus can be as large as $24 million. Managerial Economics and Economic Theory 1. Managerial Economics deals with applications of microeconomics. It is useful for making business decisions concerning pricing, production, cost analysis, market structure, and strategy. 2. Honda and Toyota both expanded capacity to produce cars in the US. The decision is either to expand (S1) or not expand (S2). Both firms believe that the capacity expansion was profitable. 3. Steps in decision making include: Establish and identify...
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...Study of Promotional Strategies for Cars in India 1 Table of Contents 1. Objective 2. Scope of Work 3. Rationale 4. Theoretical Framework and Review of Literature i. ii. iii. iv. Promotional Strategy Promotional Mix Message and Media Strategy Communication Model- AIDA 5. Promotion Process For Cars i. ii. iii. iv. v. vi. vii. viii. ix. Selecting the target market Product and Brand Positioning Promotional Decisions Advertising Direct Marketing Interactive/Interactive Marketing Sales Promotion Publicity/Public Relation Personal Selling 6. Ford Fiesta and its Promotions i. Target Market 2 ii. Adopting offer to suit target segment iii. iv. Market Competition Strategic Promotion of Ford 7. Questionnaire 8. Analyzed Survey Report of the Questionnaire 9. SWOT Analysis 10. SWOT Analysis of Ford Fiesta 11. Conclusion 12. Bibliography 3 Chapter 1 Introduction 4 Objective To study and analyze the elements of Promotional Strategies. Study and analysis of promotional strategies of Ford India for its product Ford Fiesta. Study the customer response regarding the promotions of cars in India. Scope of the Project Study the basic aspects of Promotional Strategies such as Sales Promotion, Personal Selling, Advertising and Publicity. Studying the customer response regarding promotions of cars in India through a questionnaire. Study the promotional strategies of Ford Fiesta with all the tools of promotion. Analyze and interpret the...
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...YAHOO & APPLE Course Project HRM 587 Managing Organizational Change Professor Change management: Yahoo & Apple What was true more than two thousand years ago is just as true today. We live in a world where "business as usual" is change. New initiatives, project-based working, technology improvements, staying ahead of the competition, emerging stronger from the recession - together these drive changes to the way we work. (from A Sense of Urgency, by John P Kotter Published By Harvard Business Press, 2008) Today more than ever before, we can feel that we live in an era of risk and instability. Globalization, new technologies, and greater transparency have combined to upend the business environment and give many CEOs a deep sense of unease. The management structure of an organization as well as personal leadership style CEO’s and other senior leaders’ affects how individuals within a company make decisions and how quickly the company reacts to various challenges and opportunities. From basic definition of change we learned that the origin of the necessity of change lies in the dissatisfaction with the current state or the perception of a problem. The objectives, content, and process of change should be specified as part of the change management plan. Change management processes can benefit from creative marketing to enable communication between change audiences, and a deep social understanding about...
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...Abstract The increased competition in the air travel industry over the last couple of decades witnessed a revamped approach and new ways in conducting business. Multiple airlines have adopted various ways of branding themselves but the most common approach was adoption of corporate social responsibility. These companies feature more of giving back to the community and participating in activities entirely different from their main line of operation. This paper conducts an empirical and qualitative evaluation of eight major airlines in the air travel industry and their adoption of corporate social responsibility. The paper is mainly structured in two major parts. Broadly stated, the first part is a theoretical perspective whereas the latter part captures the practical evaluation of CSR in eight airlines. Therefore, the first part irons the researcher’s understanding of CSR theory such as the participating stakeholders. In addition, this part captures an overview of CSR in the air travel industry as well as outlining accumulative gains to this trend. The second part covers the broader part of this thesis taking a practical approach. This part includes qualitative analysis, evaluation and review of CSR application programs in eight of the sampled airlines. The chosen airlines where selected by sampling from among three of the largest airline alliances globally. The sampled airlines include British Airways, America Airlines, Qantas, Lufthansa, All Nippon Airways, Air France-KLM...
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...What is a Reservations Sales Agent? A Reservations Sales Agent processes customer enquiries and bookings for travel arrangements including airline tickets, coach bookings, accommodation, day tours, car-hire, transfers and travel insurance. They usually work over the telephone or on-line and occasionally face to face depending on the company. What does a Reservations Sales Agent do? The agent processes customer bookings and answers customer enquiries over the phone and on-line. All bookings (or reservations) then go into a computer reservations system. A Reservations Sales Agent needs to ask and answer questions to ensure their customers get what they are looking for. It is important that a Reservations Sales Agent has comprehensive product information about what they are selling in order to answer customer enquiries accurately. What does it take to be successful? A love of dealing with people, good listening skills, attention to detail and accuracy. The Reservations Sales Agent needs to be able to work at a fast pace as they will often find reservations roles are located in call centres with large numbers of phone calls on hold with clients awaiting your help. What is the Travel Agencies Industry? This industry includes businesses that sell, book and arrange travel, tour and accommodation services for the general public and commercial clients. The industry also encompasses companies primarily engaged in providing travel arrangement and reservation services, including...
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...Table of Contents CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 3 1. RESEARCH BACKGROUND: 3 2. PROBLEM STATEMENT AND RATIONALES 4 2.1 problem statement: 4 2.2 rationales: 5 3. AIMS AND PURPOSE: 6 4. SCOPE 6 5. SIGNIFICANCES AND IMPLICATIONS 6 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 7 1. MARKETING MIX 7 2. PROMOTION 11 2.1. The relationship between promotion and marketing mix 11 2.2. The role of promotion 12 2.3. Promotion mix 13 2.4. Promotion management 14 CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY 16 1. RESEARCH PROCESS: 18 2. DETERMINING THE CONCEPT OF RESEARCH: LITERATURE REVIEW 18 a) Quantitative method 19 b) Qualitative method 20 c) Research design 21 CHAPTER 4: VIETNAM WEDDING PLANNER AND ITS “WEDDING DÉCOR” SERVICE. 22 I. DESCRIPTION OF THE COMPANY 22 II. WEDDING DÉCOR SERVICE MARKET 29 III. POTENTIAL COMPETITORS 37 CHAPTER 5: RESULT OF STUDY 38 I. MAIN FINDING FROM QUESTIONAIRS GIVEN TO CUSTOMERS 38 1. Sample demographics 38 2. Customer awareness towards “wedding décor” service 40 3. Customers’ opinion 43 II. MAIN FINDING FROM IN-DEPTH INTERVIEW 47 1. Advertising 47 2. Sale promotion: 48 3. Public relation: 49 CHAPTER 6: SUGGESTION 50 II. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY: 50 III. THE RESULT OF ANALYSIS ON THE CURRENT MARKETING SITUATION: 50 a. Strengths: 50 b. Weaknesses: 51 c. Opportunities: 51 d. Threats: 51 IV. PROMOTION PLAN 52 V. LIMITATION OF THE THESIS 55 CHAPTER 7: CONCLUSION 56 CHAPTER 8: BIBLIOGRAPHY 56 TOPIC: Developing...
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...BUSINESS ETHICS AND STAKEHOLDER ANALYSIS Kenneth E. Goodpaster Abstract: Much has been written about stakeholder analysis as a process by which to introduce ethical values into management decision-making. This paper takes a critical look at the assumptions behind this idea, in an effort to understand better the meaning of ethica] management decisions. A distinction is made between stakeholder analysis and stakeholder synthesis. The two most natural kinds of stakeholder synthesis are then defined and discussed: strategic and multi-fiduciary. Paradoxically, the former appears to yield business without ethics and the latter appears to yield ethics without business. The paper concludes by suggesting that a third approach to stakeholder thinking needs to be developed, one that avoids the paradox just men* tioned and that clarifies for managers (and directors) the legitimate role of ethical considerations in decision-making. So we must think through what management should be accountable for; and how and through whom its accountability can be discharged. The stockholders' interest, both short- and long-term, is one of the areas. But it is only one. Peter Dnicker, 1988 Harvard Business Review W HAT is ethically responsible management? How can a corporation, given its economic mission, be managed with appropriate attention to ethical concerns? These are central questions in the field of business ethics. One approach to answering such questions that has become popular during...
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