...A newspaper's circulation is the number of copies it distributes on an average day. Circulation is one of the principal factors used to set advertising rates. Circulation is not always the same as copies sold, often called paid circulation, since some newspapers are distributed without cost to the reader. Readership figures are usually higher than circulation figures because of the assumption that a typical copy of the newspaper is read by more than one person. Circulation is certified by the Audit Bureau of Circulations which is an industry body. It audits the paid-for circulation of the member newspaper companies. Readership is estimated by two different surveys, The Indian Readership Survey (IRS) and the National Readership Survey (NRS). [Recently a merger between the councils running the IRS and the NRS was announced and a new entity, Readership Studies Council of India (RSCI) was formed. The new readership survey under the aegis of RSCI would continue to be called IRS in order to leverage the continuity of the brand that the IRS has become for the Indian print industry in the last many years.] Possible Ways to Boost Circulation 1. Improve quality of news and editorial content. 2. Undertake effective marketing and promotional strategies to build or improve the newspaper’s image. 3. Offer free subscriptions or discounts to attract prospective readers. 4. Expand the range of distribution. 5. Identify a target market and apply marketing strategies...
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...General Circulation Warm air rises and cool air sinks, or subsides. If the Earth had no continents and did not turn, then the circulation of the atmosphere would appear much like this. [pic] http://maritime.haifa.ac.il/departm/lessons/ocean/lect14.htm The air at the Equator would be heated by the warm Earth and so rise, flow toward the poles where it is cooled by the cold Earth, subside at the North Pole and South Pole, and then flow back to the Equator along the surface of the Earth. But the Earth does have continents and it does spin on its axis, so the “General Circulation” of the atmosphere actually looks more like the images on the next page. These are sometimes referred to as the three-cell general circulation model. Air rises at the Equator and near 50( to 60(, and it sinks near 30( and 90( (the poles). The winds do not blow directly north and south due to the coriolis effect. The coriolis “force” deflects moving objects to the right in the Northern Hemisphere and to the left in the Southern Hemisphere. Winds are named for the direction from which they blowing. As indicated, the general circulation of the atmosphere is from the East at latitudes poleward of about 50( North Latitude and 60( South Latitude. The general circulation of the atmosphere is also from the East at latitudes equatorward of about 30( north or south of the Equator. The general circulation is from the west at middle latitudes, and these are the “Prevailing Westerlies” that we experience...
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...Atmospheric Circulation Zachary Carson-Gilmore October 12, 2013 Embry-Riddle Atmospheric Circulation On a nice summer evening as you walk across the beach heading home, you hear the waves crashing on the beach and the warm wind on your face. Have you ever wondered how wind is created and how we know it’s with us? There has been a time when I wished there was a breeze outside to dissipate some of the heat on the flight line, where it was so hot I couldn’t even touch the aircraft to work on it. On the other hand, I have wished that the wind would go away when we couldn’t get clearance to do any test flights because of high winds. Atmospheric circulation and how it affects aircraft performance is important to know and understand because of the problems it can create with an aircraft, but also how it can potentially benefit the airframe. But first we need to know what atmospheric circulation is and how it is created to understand the positives and negatives against aviation. “Atmospheric circulation is the movement of air at all levels of the atmosphere over all parts of the planet. The driving force behind atmospheric circulation is solar energy, which heats the atmosphere with different intensities at the equator, the middle latitudes, and the poles” ("Atmospheric Circulation", n.d.). Electromagnetic radiation is absorbed by the earth’s soil and by bodies of water. This reaction creates a heating effect and this effect is intensified during the summer months...
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...The ICC Performance Code also has a chapter regarding means of egress. A chapter called 'Pedestrian Circulation' is included in ICC to introduce in terms of accessibility criteria. Though this chapter does not have specific information for the means of egress, it does obligate that a building allow occupants sufficient time to relocate, evacuate or have a 'defend in place' location. Actually, this section could be played in several ways. The chapter sets several purposes for occupants' safety during an emergency that, in turn, affects the means of egress. Furthermore, means of egress is the most cases is required to be accessible, these requirements must also be reviewed in conjunction with the appropriate federal regulation, such as American...
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...sun rays are reaching the earth surface almost perpendicular to the region near the equator. This intense heat energy absorbed per unit area is much which causes tropics more warm then other part of the earth. The sunrays are more spread in temperate latitude compared to tropics. The less heat absorption in the temperate latitude makes this region less warm than tropics. Temperature change in the poles happens in an annual cycle because of the inclination of earth axis with respect to the path around the sun. In high latitude of northern and southern hemisphere experience a seasonal shift in the length of day due to the shift in the solar energy due to the shift of the earth axis. Heating of the earth surface and atmosphere drives circulation of the atmosphere and influences pattern of precipitation. The heat near the equator region causes the evaporation. It results the air warm and moist air. This warm air tends to move toward the poles and lose its temperature and condense. The condensation forms the cloud. This cloud causes the high precipitation in this...
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...Running head: STRATEGIC PLANNING 1 Strategic Planning at the Chronicle Gazette Name Institution STRATEGIC PLANNING 2 Introduction The Chronicle Gazette is a leading newspaper in the United States with a circulation of 225,000 customers. Over the past few years, it has been facing a decline in its customer base and revenues. This is mainly due to the increasing dominance of the Internet as a means of disseminating information and news. The newspaper publishing industry in the United States is going through a difficult phase with declining revenues. Both subscription revenues and advertising revenues have been steadily declining. One of the main causes for this downfall is that readers are using the Internet to get news content for free and are reluctant to pay. The global economic recession has cut down the advertising revenues for newspapers. Cost of publishing has increased and a majority of newspapers have increased prices. This has further distanced consumers from traditional newspapers and made online news websites more popular. The main purpose of this report is to present measures for The Chronicle Gazette to boost its circulation and increase profits. The report will analyze the newspaper industry in the United States giving details of its present status and future position. It will also present facts on the factors that have lead to the decline of the industry. The report will analyze the trends in the newspaper industry and the strategies adopted by...
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...DSMHT 201: Applied Differential Equation (credit 02) 1. Ordinary differential equations and their solutions: Initial value problems, Boundary value problems, Basic existence and uniqueness theorems (statement and illustration only). 2. Solution of first order equations: separable equations and equations reducible to this form, Linear equations, exact equations, Special integrating factors, Substitutions and transformations. 3. Solution of higher order linear differential equations: Solution space of homogeneous linear equations. Fundamental solutions of homogeneous systems. Reduction of order. Homogeneous linear equations with constant coefficients. Non homogeneous equations. 4. Method of undermined coefficients. Variations of parameters. Cauchy-Euler differential equations. 5. Systems of differential equations, linear system, Fundamental matrix, Solutions of linear systems with constant coefficients. References: 1. D.G. Zill, A First Course in Differentil Equations with Applications. 2. F. Braur and J.A. Nohel, Differential Equations. 3. S.L. Ross, Differential Equation. DSMHT 202: Geological and Hydro-meteorological Hazards (credit 02) 1. Introduction to Geological and Hydro-meteorological Hazards. 2. Geological Hazards Earthquakes (causes, types and effects of Earthquakes), Tsunami & Seiches. (naming, Tsunami Generation, Velocity and height, coastal effects and vulnerability), Volcanoes (origin & types of volcanic hazards...
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...The fossil in question was generally regarded to be the 220 million-year-old remains of Tyrannosaurus Rex. Several years ago, however, this hypothesis was overturned by the discovery of yet another species {Morehouse, 1993 #21} which is now the undisputed progeny {Argus, 1991 #14;Turnhouse, 1987 #26} of the species at hand. While the true origin of this larger reptile is quite uncertain at this time, it is thought to be from central or eastern Asia. Where the other species {Schwartz, 1990 #7} arose is a mystery. If it was central Asia, we could reasonably infer that other reptiles were not dominant in this ecosystem. Some think that we will never know {Billoski, 1987 #16;Schwartz, 1976 #24;Whiting, 1987 #27}. However, fossils currently in the museum in Berlin provide strong evidence that the emerging reptile was small-boned and duck-billed {Whiting, 1987 #27}, possibly with a larger wing-like arm. Overall, it was striking how much atherosclerosis we found," Dr. Gregory S. Thomas, director of nuclear cardiology education at the University of California, Irvine, and co-principal investigator of the study, said in a news release from the European Society of Cardiology. "We think of atherosclerosis as a disease of modern lifestyle, but it's clear that it also existed 3,500 years ago," he said. "Our findings certainly call into question the perception of atherosclerosis as a modern disease." The study, slated for presentation Tuesday at the International Conference of...
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...Jonathan C. Sewall Roger is a 22-year old college student who reports three days of elevated temperature, runny nose, sore throat, cough and fatigue along with difficulty breathing. The doctor examines him and finds him to have a temperature of 100.6F, normal respiratory rate, with inflammation of the pharynx. He is found to have an infection with a virus. He is told to keep up with the fluids, nutrition, and rest that he should be well within the week. 1. Which of the above are symptoms? (Patient) * Three days of elevated temperature. * Runny nose. * Sore throat. * Fatigue along with difficulty breathing. 2. Which of the above are signs? (Doctor, RN) - Temperature of 100.6*F. - Normal respiratory rate. - Inflammation of the pharynx. 3. Is this an acute or chronic condition? -Acute condition. 4. What is the diagnosis? -Infection with a virus. 5. What is the prognosis? - Keep up with fluids, nutrition and rest. - He will recover within a week time frame. 6. Write this as a SOAP note? S-(subjective) -Patient states having “three days of elevated temperature, runny nose, sore throat, cough and fatigue along with difficulty breathing” O-(objective) -Temperature at 100.6* with normal respiratory rate. Inflammation of the pharynx was found. A-(assessment) -Infection with a virus. P-(plan) -Keep up with fluid, nutrition, and rest. Ken is a 78-yearold gentlemen who reports increasing difficulty breathing over the...
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...Natalie Harshaw Mr. Royce Science Period 4 March 14th 2013 Reflection Essay During this unit I have learned a profuse amount of information about the earth we live on. Before this semester, I had not known even half of what I learned and I really enjoyed being educated on this subject. This semester was by far more entertaining and easier to follow than the last. What I learned over this course was the carbon and nitrogen cycle. I had barely even known what these were up until a few weeks ago. I learned how they repeated themselves and how we affect the environment we live in. I learned about global climate change. How we are adding an extreme amount of CO2 in the air with our combustion and burning of trees. The affects of global climate change, not global warming. All around us our climate is changing and a big part of that is the way we willingly let harmful substances in to our atmosphere. I learned about clouds, there shapes and forms. I learned about the 4 seasons. I know now how the earth is tilted to create new periods of weather change. One of the most helpful ways, for me was the coloring sheets. It sounds silly, but I really needed the visual of the carbon and nitrogen cycle to fully understand the topic. same with the model of the sun and the earth. That was incredibly useful to me because I could actually see with my own eyes what was happening. As for all the reading and worksheets, I can honestly say they do not help me much. I think...
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...Andreas Balasis 4/25/15 Mark Zeigler Persuasive Essay 1 “According to news reporters, every year it’s getting warmer, these violent weather patterns, some say it’s just nature’s karma.” These lyrics from Tallahassee’s own, Dead Prez, go to show the immutable fact that “global warming” is applicable terminology for our current state of existence. I believe it is beyond our intellectual capacity to examine whether or not the weather is changing, because any rational person could do the research and understand that it is quite apparent. If Dead Prez isn’t credible enough, according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, “Scientific evidence for warming of the climate system is unequivocal”. The only thing I can conceivable try to persuade people of, is that we are living within system a being ran by incomprehensibly short sighted and perceivably destructive people. This essay will examine the idiocracy of Republican leaders in Florida, the economic manipulation behind environmental destruction, and simple solutions to a simple problem. “I’m not scientist, man”. These are the words of Sen. Marco Rubio (R-Fla.) He is also quoted saying, “I do not believe that human activity is causing the dramatic changes to our climate the way scientists are portraying it”. I think that’s pretty hysterical, given the fact that this man, who is not a scientist, was appointed a chair on the Subcommittee on Oceans, Atmosphere, Fisheries, and Coast Guard. Any study of the...
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...University of Phoenix Material Earth’s Dynamic Ocean and Atmosphere I Worksheet From Visualizing Earth Science, by Merali, Z., and Skinner, B. J, 2009, Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. Copyright 2009 by Wiley. Adapted with permission. Part 1 Sections 12.1 and 12.2 of the text discuss the origin and composition of the world ocean’s seawater. What is the current theory on the evolution of the world ocean? Discuss the origin of the salinity of seawater and how the ocean maintains salinity. A: The current theory on the evolution of the worlds ocean is that, it was possibly formed between four, and four and a half billion years ago. The oldest grain found was a grain called zircon. It was found in Australia. That element shows to have made contact with water, yet the origin of the water is still undetermined. Salinity of sea water is created as salt water evaporates. When sea water evaporates, three quarters of what is left is sodium chloride, which is table salt. The ocean maintains its salinity because it is constantly receiving fresh water from precipitation and tributaries. Minerals are also used by many different forms of sea life, thus resulting in sea water maintaining its salinity. Part 2 Surface currents obtain their energy from the wind blowing over the surface waters. The currents do not exactly follow the wind direction because of an apparent force known as the Coriolis force. Using Figure 12.11 from the text, briefly explain surface currents of the world ocean and how the Coriolis...
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...University of Phoenix Material Earth’s Dynamic Ocean and Atmosphere I Worksheet From Visualizing Earth Science, by Merali, Z., and Skinner, B. J, 2009, Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. Copyright 2009 by Wiley. Adapted with permission. Part 1 Sections 12.1 and 12.2 of the text discuss the origin and composition of the world ocean’s seawater. 1. What is the current theory on the evolution of the world ocean?the theory of the earth’s ocean, is possibly the earth was formed between 4 and 4.56 billion years ago. The most ancient grain discovered was a mineral grain of zircon in the middle of west austraillia. That element shows to have made contact with water, but the origin of the water is still unkown. 2. Discuss the origin of the salinity of seawater and how the ocean maintains salinity. The salinity of the ocean is created after the seawater evaporates. At that point three quarters of dissolved matter becomes sodium chloride. (table salt). The ocean maintains its salinity because it constantly receives fresh water from parcipitation and river flow. Often times other elements parcipitate out of mineral form and settle to the seafloor. As a result the composition of the seawater does not change. Part 2 Surface currents obtain their energy from the wind blowing over the surface waters. The currents do not exactly follow the wind direction because of an apparent force known as the Coriolis force. Using Figure 12.11 from the text, briefly explain surface currents of...
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...A2 Geography What is the Tri-cellular model for atmospheric circulation? The Tri-cellular model shows how energy redistributed across the globe and ensures there is not a surplus at the equator and deficit at the Poles. This surplus or deficit would be the result of differential heating of the surface of the Earth by the sun. As suggested by the name, the model is made of three air masses known as cells which redistribute heat energy and control movement of air. There a three cells in each hemisphere: the Hadley cell, the Ferrel cell and the Polar cell. Convection Cells Convection cells are self-contained zones in which warmer air in the centre is pushed upwards and is balanced by the downward motion of cooler air on the edge. UV radiation from the sun is absorbed which heats the ground before it is re-emitted with a longer wave length. As a result of this the temperature rises causing the air to expand and rise upwards due to convection; generating low pressure. Low pressure conditions are usually associated with cloud formation and precipitation. This is because as air cool when it ascends meaning that it can hold less water vapour which in turn condenses to produce water droplets forming clouds. When the temperature decreases, the air contracts causing it to become denser and sinks, generating high pressure (associated with dry conditions). Originally, it was suggested that only two cells where present (The Hadley cells) on in the North and the other in the South Hemisphere...
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...University of Phoenix Material Earth’s Dynamic Ocean and Atmosphere II Worksheet From Visualizing Earth Science, by Merali, Z., and Skinner, B. J, 2009, Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. Copyright 2009 by Wiley. Adapted with permission. Part 1 Figures 1 and 2 depict two important features of the world ocean. Figure 1 shows one way in which the ocean basins filled with water and Figure 2 represents one of the many mineral sources contributing to ocean salinity. [pic][pic] Figure 1 Figure 2 1. Explain the origin of ocean water in 150 words. 2. Discuss the particular way in which Figure 2 contributes to the salinity of seawater. What is the current theory on the evolution of the world ocean? Part 2 This critical thinking question is from Chapter 12 in your textbook: In May 1990, a container ship called Hansa Carrier encountered a storm in the North Pacific at about 48° north latitude, and lost 21 containers overboard, five of which contained 80,000 Nike shoes. The shoes carried serial numbers that identified them as being from the containers. By the end of 1990, shoes were washing up on Vancouver Island, British Columbia, and Oregon. By the winter of 1991, shoes were appearing on Hawaiian beaches. Using Figure 12.11 in the textbook. Answer the following questions: 1. Which ocean currents were most likely to have transported the shoes? 2. Locate and describe one other surface current in the world ocean. Part 3 [pic] Figure 13.3 in the textbook helps visualize how tides...
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