...City of Cincinnati vs. Cincinnati Contemporary Arts Center In the early 1990s, a Cincinnati jury cleared the Contemporary Arts Center and its director Dennis Barrie of obscenity charges owing to the exhibition “The Perfect Moment” by Robert Mapplethorpe. They were charged for “offenses of pandering obscenity and illegal use of minors in nudity” (Weiner, 2000). This trial became the first criminal trial of an art museum over the contents of an exhibition, centering on 5 out of 175 photographs. The Miller v. California of 1973 set the standard for determining whether material is considered obscene, and the test C of Miller states that to be considered obscene, the work had to be evaluated as a whole. There were five separate photographic images that required evaluation for what constitutes “the whole”, so the court had to decided whether all the pictures in the exhibition are to be judged as a unit, or each of the pictures be judged separately. According to chapter 2907 of Ohio Laws and Rules, clause J, a photograph by definition is “material capable of arousing interest through sight.” Every photograph is a unique experience of visual exposé that makes an immediate impression on the person looking at it. In dealing with photographs displayed in art galleries, the court had to come up with their own meaning of “taken as a whole” because neither the Supreme Court of Ohio nor the Supreme Court of the United States had an established definition....
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...AMR December 3, 2008 Art 1000C: Mon./Wed. 3:55pm – 5:20pm Professor Liza Papi Final Paper The Art of Architecture: The Panorama of the City of New York (1964) Created by Robert Moses (December 18, 1888–July 29, 1981) Introduction The crown jewel of the Queens Museum of Art is the Panorama of New York City that was created for the 1964 World Fair. Though considered to be an architectural wonder, the artistry behind cannot be denied. Known for its topographical accuracy, the Panorama was conceptually created by Robert Moses, though it took hundreds of workers (from architects to construction workers) to see it to fruition. Understanding the “Moses Era” Robert Moses was considered the number one builder of the mid-20th Century. His influence on New York City is undeniable, his vision of city landscaping being responsible for thousands of the city’s bridges, highways, buildings and parkways. At a time, he was arguably the most powerful man in New York City. However, his ideology of architecture and constant development left much to be desired by many people from government officials to local artists. Many blamed him for pushing out the middle class of the city and the emphasis on highways and not public transportation. His industrialized thinking is what brought both the World’s Fair (in 1939 and 1964) to New York and in connection the Panorama of New York City. The Panorama, with its structuralized detail dazzles both architect and artist alike. Furthermore...
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...City of Toronto Grants Department Date: November 15, 2011 To: Mayor Rob Ford, Mayor of Toronto cc: Toronto City Council From: Senior Grants Officer Subject: Ford City Grants Fund Application from Toronto Arts Council The Toronto Arts Council has applied to a new fund, the Ford City Grants Fund, which was created for granting funding to non-profit organizations. Successful bidders will receive up to a $50,000 grant to offset costs from their operations and expenditures. This report serves to critically evaluate the Toronto Arts Council and determine whether it is worthy of receiving funding from the new Ford City Grants Fund. It will begin by providing a brief overview of the Toronto Arts Council and its activities, followed by evaluating how the Toronto Arts Council impacts Toronto's society and the need for the organization’s services. Lastly, the memo will conclude by deciding whether to grant the Ford City Grants Fund to the organization. This report is important as the Ford City Grants Fund has limited funds available and up to $50,000 may be granted to the organization, which is a hefty sum considering that money is tight. Furthermore, many organizations are applying for grants due to recent cuts in funding. It is therefore important that only the organizations most deserving of the grant should receive it. A. Overview of Toronto Arts Council 1. Background The Toronto Arts Council is mainly a volunteer-run organization with a small group...
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...Street Art Street art can be found on buildings, sidewalks, street signs and even trashcans from Tokyo to Paris to New York City. This special kind of art can take the form of paintings, sculptures, cloth or even stickers. Its international presence is supported by Web sites, artist communities, books and magazines. Street art has become part of a global visual culture. Now, even art museums and galleries are collecting the work of street artists. It is not easy to provide an exact history of the street art movement. This kind of art has developed in many kinds of ways in places all over the world. Also, street artists usually work secretly because it is illegal to paint public and private property without permission. This secretive nature of street art and its countless forms make it hard to define exactly. And people have different opinions about the movement. Some think street art is a crime and destroys property. But others see this art as a rich form of nontraditional cultural expression. Many experts say the movement began in New York City in the nineteen sixties. Young adults would use paint in special cans to spray their “tag” on walls and train cars around the city. This tag was a name they created to identify themselves and their artwork. This colorful style of writing is also called graffiti. It is visually exciting and energetic. Some graffiti paintings were signs marking the territories of city gangs or illegal crime groups. Graffiti also became a separate...
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...Art t history According to Becker, art can be generators of identity for a specific community. In his maiden speed to NDMOA, Becker notes that historically, art has been used to give a specific sociocultural direction within a community. As Haley, notes, Becker is a renowned expert in the field of art, his personal reflection of the role of art in humanizing cities lies in the human interactions with art is such cities. The use of art to capture day to day undertakings within a city is a classic example of how art humanizes cities. Becker uses that typical example of social media and use of pictures to capture existing moment with artistic expression especially sculptures in large cities (Haley, 2014). This is a form of humanizing that art brings to cities. As people interact more with art in cities, the length of interaction will automatically translate into a sense of connection thus giving human qualities to these works of art. This is therefore what Becker refers to humanizing of cities by art. Art can indeed be a generator of identity for a given community. As Becker notes, art is a presentation of social and cultural alignments within a culture. The depiction of these ideas through artistic expression, therefore, serves as a form of bringing out the identity of respective communities. Nankain compound in Ghana was c related with the sole aim of promoting Ghanaian culture on the international level. The work captures a natural setting of the Ghanaian community thus giving...
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...Melbourne Business Practicum Report Benchmarking Melbourne as a Sports and Arts Capital Research conducted by: Carthur Wan Daniel Chen Eliza Tong & Karleen Wu Disclaimer: The MBP team has used reasonable care and skill in compiling the content of this material. However, neither the MBP nor the students provide a warranty as to the accuracy or completeness of any information in these materials. No part of these materials are intended to be advice, whether legal or professional. Contents 1. 2. 3. 4. Executive Summary ......................................................................................................................... 2 Background and Objectives ............................................................................................................ 3 General Benchmarking Methodology ............................................................................................. 4 Benchmarking Melbourne's Arts Status ......................................................................................... 5 4.1 4.2 Arts Comparison Cities Overview............................................................................................ 5 Arts Capacity Index ................................................................................................................. 6 Physical Infrastructure - Venue Number......................................................................... 6 Physical Infrastructure - Size ...................................
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...The City as a Canvas Considered as a city with a multicultural environment and a hub of various cuisines, cultural activities and lifestyle, Melbourne seemed tailor-made for me. As an international student participating in the NU in program, the opportunity of studying abroad at Melbourne, a leading international city and center of sports and performing arts, seemed too surreal. Throughout my time in Melbourne, I was captivated with the numerous culturally significant sites in and outside the city, such as the colorful history and rich heritage of the Victorian Parliament and the natural beauty of Australia’s wildlife at Healesville Sanctuary. However, a site that seems to reflect Melbourne’s status as one of the world’s great street art capitals and unique artistic expressions is Hosier Lane. Coming from a city with a booming street art movement- Bangkok, Thailand- I felt compelled to compare and reflect about the diverse range of street art and the related subcultures in Hosier Lane to the rising street art movement in Bangkok. The traditional definition of street art is usually unsanctioned visual art created in public locations. This particular term gained popularity due to the rise of graffiti artwork during the early 1980s. Nowadays, common art forms of modern street art can be sticker art, stencil graffiti, sculptures and posters. Often, these artworks are considered as the artist’s attempts to communicate their personal feelings or can be perceived as conveying...
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...Aamnah Ahmad | CD-711/2012 Art Politics | Ayesha Omar Karachi is a melting pot of people with different backgrounds, beliefs, lifestyles and cultures. The incredible variety that one can find in this city is what makes it the most dynamic and interesting, which is exactly the kind of basis that is required for introducing and producing art of all kinds. By making arts and cultural activities an integral part of the fabric of the city, we will not only be able to help this diversity to grow and thrive creatively, but it will also play an instrumental role in strengthening community bonds by involving people and facilitating interactions and collaborations that will allow new and innovative ideas and experiments to develop. Involving the people in various cultural activities and art projects is a noninvasive and efficient way to start to bridge the vast gap that is felt between the different communities that inhabit Karachi and allows everyone’s opinions and thoughts to be heard and projected in a more creative and far interesting manner. For arts and other cultural activities to become that seamlessly integrated into our daily lives, the funding will also need to come from the people, for the people. As in Brazil’s art funding model, some percentage of the tax payer’s money is allocated by a nonprofit organization to provide the people with access not just to basic necessities but also to art, music and other cultural activities that they can indulge and participate in. The...
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...Urban Climates The city is an extraordinary processor of mass and energy and has its own metabolism. A daily input of water, food, and energy of various kinds is matched by an output of sewage, solid waste, air pollutants, energy, and materials that have been transformed in some way. The quantities involved are enormous. Many aspects of this energy use affect the atmosphere of a city, particularly in the production of heat. In winter the heat produced by a city can equal or surpass the amount of heat available from the Sun. All the heat that warms a building eventually transfers to the surrounding air, a process that is quickest where houses are poorly insulated. But an automobile produces enough heat to warm an average house in winter, and if a house were perfectly insulated, one adult could also produce more than enough heat to warm it. Therefore, even without any industrial production of heat, an urban area tends to be warmer than the countryside that surrounds it. The burning of fuel, such as by cars, is not the only source of this increased heat. Two other factors contribute to the higher overall temperature in cities. The first is the heat capacity of the materials that constitute the city, which is typically dominated by concrete and asphalt. During the day, heat from the Sun can be conducted into these materials and stored—to be released at night. But in the countryside materials have a significantly lower heat capacity because a vegetative blanket...
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...The Controversy of Street Art: Good or Bad? Abdallah Bah College Writing: Critique Essay Professor Drazba 10/30/2015 Controversy of Street Art After reading the article A Street Art Culture Clash as Graffiti Goes Mainstream written by Mark Stryker, from the Detroit Free Press. The article was published on August 29, 2015. The article/author isn’t biased towards any particular side, it gives good information on both how its good and bad to be an a street artist. Stryker provides evidence from the side of the people that support street art and the side, which doesn’t. Street art is considered as an illegal form of art, it looks very attractive but to the law it is a bad look for a city or so they say. Street art first started off as graffiti in the late 60’s and early 70’s, but over the years artists started doing more complex form of art rather than just text (Stryker, 2015). When people “vandalize” a wall, normally it’s not meant for destruction. It’s a ways of creation and edition to communicate about the things they see without having to use their voice. To the lawmakers, it might seem like murals and graffiti on walls are bad for the city. But in a city like Detroit, how can anyone say that’s a bad thing? The people of Detroit have been through so much over the years, whether its poverty, crime and etc. Maybe this is the kind of thing that will bring some life back into the city. But of course graffiti and street aren’t quite the same thing, graffiti is more text...
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...Art Analysis Paper Art plays a significant role in our lives. It is the center of the American culture and many others around the world. It has been part of my life for as long as I can remember. Throughout this semester, we have talked many different kinds of art forms and styles and for this analysis paper, I will discuss the Panorama of the City of New York and how it serves as an art piece. I choose to discuss this because it is one of the artwork that stands out as a giant figure among all the exhibits that can be found in the Queens Museum. The Panorama of the City of New York is an unbroken view of what our city looks like within its boundary. It is the jewel in crown of collection of the Queens Museum. It was first built in 1964 by Raymond Lester and Associates team of architects as a special exhibition to feature in the 1964 World’s Fair by New York’s master planner, Robert Moses who conceived the idea of this art piece to be modelled and to serve as a tool for education and tourist attraction from across the nation and around the globe. It attracted many viewers because it is a display of what the city looks in its entirety. The project took over a course of three years and by a hand full of architects. It was one of the most successful exhibits at the 1964 World’s Fair with millions of people enjoying the model. However, over the years many changes have been made to update the piece...
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...People needs to appreciate the piece of arts because they need to be teach by the influence of art. Art also teaches people and the society we live and it helps them giving themselves and ideal of what it seems life in Los Angeles. The article title: "Muralist Frank Romero sues Caltrans for painting over freeway work" supports the idea that the importance of art in our society needs to be recognized. In the article say's"It's a classic and beautiful Chicano piece, painted with rough, almost broom-like movements of his hand," Baca said. "Losing Frank Romero's in the city of Los Angeles is not such a smart thing to do. He's an internationally known artist of importance. He's an asset." this quote reveals the importance of the art of Romero and this might influence our society...
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...Should public art, such as graffiti, be protected rather than frowned upon by the community? Graffiti should be protected by the community as most “graffiti’ public arts are created in order for the artist to express themselves. Most artists use these creations in order to get their name out in the art world by expressing themselves and their culture in order for others to come to admire it. Graffiti can also be used to show the community of their city or the world problems. People tend to shun graffiti public arts as a form of vandalism and also blaming gang members for their pieces put up on city structure walls. As an amateur artist you have to start somewhere for your name to be known so many often start by working on building walls, busses, or metro trains where people can see them. Many will judge the artist to be a gang member and disregard the art piece as nothing more than vandalism. They will then remove the artist’s piece which as stated in an article by the Los Angeles Police...
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...Program established in Philadelphia, Pa. by the former Mayor Wilson Goode in the 1980s. Ms. Golden was given the task to establish an arts program to help turn young offender’s destructive energies into creative ones. In 1966, the project became the Mural Arts Program and under her direction, over 3,000 interior and exterior murals have been created with collaboration with community based organizations, city agencies, non-profits, schools, private sector and philanthropies. In 2003, Jane Golden received a Visionary Woman Award from Moore College of Art & Design. Eisenhower Fellowships selected Jane Golden as a USA Eisenhower Fellow in 2003. She is an instructor at the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Art and teaches at the University of Pennsylvania. Prior to her movement to the Philadelphia area, Ms. Golden is a graduate of Stanford University, CA. She moved to Los Angeles, CA. and created a number of murals on the beach areas. She is the co-founder and Director of the Los Angeles Public Art Foundation. She received awards such as the Visionary Woman Award from Moore College of Art & Design. Eisenhower Fellowships selected Jane Golden as a USA Eisenhower Fellow in 2003. Urban graffiti was a major influence in establishing programs such as this that would combat the plague of the phenomenon of its social and cultural being in large cities such as Philadelphia, PA. Graffiti as defined is writing or drawings that have been scribbled, scratched, or sprayed illicitly on...
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...Word Count: 2,259 Graffiti's Helpfulness Throughout history art has always been present. Art has been used to preserve an era, retell stories, to show a culture so anyone could understand it, and graffiti and street art is the modernists way of showing their culture. Graffiti and street art has taken over the streets of cities and towns. In most locations graffiti and street art is considered purely vandalism. These artists are presented with into the shadows to show their pieces of works to society. Graffiti and street art has evolved from simply putting a made up name on the wall to drawing attention to societal issues. The streets are the ideal location for controversial art pieces because every commoner with see those art works. Graffiti and street art has opened a new door of possibilities allowing people to freely speak of controversial issues within their suburb, town, or large city. These art medians have enable artists for an urban age of liberation. In Elizabeth L. Rauh's essay “Thirty Years Later: Iranian Visual Culture from the 1979 Revolution to the 2009 Presidential Protests”, Rauh examines the posters, photographs, slogans, graffiti, and other visual and artistic activities to show how the Green Movement used street art and graffiti to visually illustrate issues about the government anonymously. Rauh says that the specific images that were used in these revolutions have appeared within Iranian history before. They were recognizable throughout the whole community...
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