...The British public received quite the introduction to the Spanish Civil War through its coverage in leading newspapers, such as the Spector, Manchester Guardian, and the Times. These newspapers offered various alternative perspectives based on their political affiliation and stances towards the war. For example, The Manchester Guardian tended to take an anti-Franco approach towards their coverage, but they provided accurate news about the events in Spain. Despite various opinions among leading newspapers, Britain's Conservative led government favored Franco's Nationalist to that of the Spanish Republic because of their economic in the mining regions of Spain; yet, England also wanted to avoid a full-scale war with Germany and Italy. Thus,...
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...during the Civil War, and this time period played an enormous role in developing new technology. Both the invention of the telegraph and the railroads were very important. With the ability to send someone a message within seconds, people in the White House were able to transmit battle strategies directly to the front line. Railroads allowed them to send huge amounts of supplies to the military. Both of these state-of-the-art creations made supplying the troops more productive and less complicated. These influential innovations changed the course of the war. However, the more important technology advances belonged somewhere else- on the battlefield. New technology was springing forth everywhere, including the front lines. Inventors like Dr. Richard Jordan Gatling...
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..."The General" (1927) in this series, I thought to choose another title. "The Navigator," perhaps, or "Steamboat Bill, Jr.," or "Our Hospitality." But they are all of a piece; in an extraordinary period from 1920 to 1929, he worked without interruption on a series of films that make him, arguably, the greatest actor-director in the history of the movies. Most of these movies were long thought to be lost. "The General," with Buster as a train engineer in the Civil War, was always available, hailed as one of the supreme masterpieces of silent filmmaking. But other features and shorts existed in shabby, incomplete prints, if at all, and it was only in the 1960s that film historians began to assemble and restore Keaton's lifework. Now almost everything has been recovered, restored, and is available on DVDs and tapes that range from watchable to sparkling. It's said that Chaplin wanted you to like him, but Keaton didn't care. I think he cared, but was too proud to ask. His films avoid the pathos and sentiment of the Chaplin pictures, and usually feature a jaunty young man who sees an objective and goes after it in the face of the most daunting obstacles. Buster survives tornadoes, waterfalls, avalanches of boulders and falls from great heights, and never...
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...INTERPRETATIONS OF THE CIVIL WAR IN EARLY FILM One Film To Rule Them All In 1915, the blockbuster film, The Birth of a Nation swept the nation. In a pivotal scene, the attractive daughter of a former slave owner, whose cotton business had been ruined by the war, is stalked by a menacing looking black soldier, named Gus. He is shown with his shirt wide open and bare-chested. Flora, the stereotypical southern belle, notices the voyeur and is visibly shaken. Flora tries to hide from Gus, but Gus corners her and tells her that he wants her and that he is not married. Since the end of the Civil War, Flora has noticed several black soldiers in the area in the past few months harassing her family and other upstanding families. Gus forces Flora closer and tries to kiss her. In a panic, Flora slaps him and pushes him away. Flora flees into the woods. The ensuing pursuit shows Gus as a sex-crazed maniacal troll chasing down the seemingly innocent virginal fairy. Gus follows her absorbedly intent on raping her. Flora winds up on a cliff overlooking a series of jagged rocks. She stares at Gus and motions for him to leave her alone. In a silent ultimatum, she gesticulates that if he doesn’t leave then she’ll leap from the cliff to the rocks below. Gus is exposed as a beast, sweating and pulsating lustful desires. He moves closer to Flora to stop her from leaping. Unwilling to give herself to a black man and death being the only alternative, Flora jumps from the...
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...Glory Soc 150 11/20/13 The 1989 film Glory is a classic Civil War film based on the history of the 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Regiment. The film focuses on the courage displayed by the first black regiment in the Civil War, also known as the “Fighting Fifty-fourth.” The regiment headed by the admirable Colonel Robert Gould Shaw, Matthew Broderick, must overcome an enormous amount of adversity during the war. The film was daring for filmmakers Zwick and Fields because it was a film not only with, “vivid and frightening battle scenes and finely etched dramatic characters, but a film that shattered the great Civil War taboo-it told a story of African Americans. Many articles and texts leading up to the film failed to mention the participation of African Americans in the Civil War. In fact, the participation of African Americans helped turn the course of the war and nearly 300,000 fought for the North. Glory earned an impressive three Academy Awards due to its exceptionally talented cast and arguably some of the most realistic and memorable Civil War reenactments ever shot. The soundtrack, cinematography, and acting captivated my attention with a combination of triumph and tragedy. These men were fighting to free their very own race which adds to the emotion and sentiment this movie invokes. Zwick effectively builds the characters of the 54th regiment by portraying the grueling months of training and development. One prominent example of this is in the end of their movie...
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...A brief history of photo journalism Created on: May 28, 2008 Last Updated: August 06, 2008 "A picture is worth a thousand words" should be the motto of the photojournalist. It certainly is what they are all about. Who can ever forget some of the most memorable photos of the 20th century? It was the photo journalist who brought us the horror of the holocaust, the joy of the sailor who returned home and the faces of the world. We have been a part of history through the eyes of a camera lens. Photo-journalism is almost as old as the camera itself. The first photo journalist was Carol Szathmari who did documentary photos of the Crimean War in the 1850's. It was Matthew Brady who really should have the title of Greatest photojournalist of the 19th century. His photos of the Civil War were made into engravings and published in Harpers Weekly. They are no less poignant today than they were when he took them over 150 years ago.He brought to life the main players in the Civil War. If it wasn't for him we would not have seen the care worn face of Abraham Lincoln or the meeting of the great generals. It took until the 1880's for photographs to be published in newspapers. The invention of the flash powder allowed photography to go indoors added a whole new dimension to the ability of the photojournalist to tell his story with pictures. It wasn't until the flash bulb was invented along with the 35mm camera that photojournalism really took off. The period between the 1930's and the 1950's...
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...Devin Sheridan The South After The Civil War The Union victory in the civil war lead to economic decay, social disorder, and political turmoil. Reconstruction was the time period from 1865-1877 which sought to rebuild the south, and with reconstruction brought all new challenges. The unions total war tactics destroyed southern plantations, cities, and factories. Economically, the south post-civil war had a hard time importing and making money off of its main cash crop, cotton. Inflation was also an issue due to the decrease in worth of currency in the south. Socially, emancipated slave’s sought work and validation for the rights they deserved. Politically, the confederate government gave no power to the states and federal government, so it...
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...Civil Rights Events Civil rights in the United States are assured undisputable rights retained under the Constitution by citizens of America. This liberty has been clarified and interpreted by the Supreme Court as well as lower federal courts. Civil rights can thus be defined as individual legitimate and established protection more efficient than a person, for instance, parts of the administration and other persons. The freedoms unequivocally characterized, make up the Bill of Rights, including the right to speak freely, the rights to privacy and the privilege to bear arms, there are likewise numerous freedoms of individuals not characterized in the Constitution, as expressed in the Ninth Amendment (Foner, 2008). Over time, the level of civil rights as well as the size of the population of American citizens who have had access to the rights has expanded. In several occasions, civil rights groups have demonstrated to demand the very rights. Black protests: There were many very successful attempts gearing to making lives of black people better due to discrimination from the white race. However, rights movements gave black people Constitution legal equality which illegalized segregation in public places like schools and workplace. Again black people were given the right to vote, and discrimination in housing was banned (Foner, 2008). With even this the black community never achieved economic equality and remained a disadvantaged group. Civil rights groups...
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...THE MYTH OF THE GOOD WAR That there can be a good war is indeed a myth. It is also a slap on the face for those families that lost a loved one in the war. The government wanted to win the war and to do this, they needed two things – support for the war by the citizens, and huge production of products needed at the war front. They censored movies so that the people at home would be for the war. Liberal organizations had to acquiesce to the illegal and inhuman imperatives passed down by the government. Labor organizations had to be subordinated to the government’s demands, so that the members could keep work, work, working. Gender stereotypes were re-enforced so that women would go back to being housewives after the war was over. The racism imposed on the Japanese enabled Americans to feel that they were not fighting other humans but rather, subhuman animals. Government censorship in the motion picture industry: The Office of War Information’s (OWI) Bureau of Motion Pictures assumed responsibility for making sure that moviegoers left those theaters only with government-approved thoughts in their minds. Lacking statutory authority to censor motion pictures, the government accomplished its objective through a combination of broad hints, appeals to patriotism and profits, and implied threats. The OWI wanted movies to extol the virtues of the American way of life and to portray the Allies as models of righteousness and the Axis as embodiments of evil. The OWI’s most effective...
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... The setting of this book is during and after World War II, in and around naval docks and courts in the Bay Area. This was a time when racism and segregation ran rampant throughout the United States. Port Chicago 50 is about the alleged mutiny of black sailors in World War II. When fifty black sailors refused to load a ammunitions boat due to unsafe working conditions, the navy charged them with mutiny. The men were given an obviously biased trial that convicted all fifty of them of mutiny in wartime. They soon returned to service, but only after a hard-fought battle that eventually resulted in the desegregation of the United States Navy. Port Chicago 50, by Steve...
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...greater trust of the people and distrust of the government's power and the likelihood of the abuse of that power. Hobbes' view in Leviathan aims at ensuring civil order, which means for him the absolute power of the government, or the Leviathan, which power the people have given him through the social contract. Locke, on the other hand, keeps much more power in the hands of the people through the legislature, which means, in effect, majority rule. Locke was also deeply concerned with maintaining the rights of the people, especially the right to own property. Locke's political view produces a much more democratic system, while Hobbes' produces a much more authoritarian, if not totalitarian, system. Both Locke and Hobbes start their political analysis with reference to the state of nature. However, their definitions of this state of nature stand in stark contrast to one another. The differences on their perception of the state of nature correspond to the final conclusions of what is important in a civil society. The contrasting perceptions of the state of nature on the part of these two philosophers are crucial, because they use those perceptions as the foundations for the political philosophies which they then construct. The only thing Hobbes agrees with in Locke's teaching of the state of nature is that the state of war must be avoided at all costs. Locke's more democratic political philosophy flows from his belief in man's ability to reason, and his right to own property, even...
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...After careful consideration, I elected to write my final paper on the works of author, Walt Whitman. The reason I selected this author is because I have travelled to the Atlantic coast and driven over the Walt Whitman Bridge numerous times, never knowing who he was, or what he did. When I saw his name in the textbook, I was intrigued. I decided I wanted to educate myself and analyze his work. The first poem I studied by him was “Beat! Beat! Drums!”. In this poem he speaks of bugles and drums, and the sounds that originate from them. In the first paragraph, he states “Through the windows-through doors-burst like a ruthless force, Into the solemn church, and scatter the congregation, Into the school where the scholar is studying;” I interpreted this to mean the sound of the bugles and drums carry through windows and doors and interrupt those that are around them. They hear the sounds being made, and cannot shut them out. He continues by saying “Make no parley-stop for no expostulation” (Whitman, para 3). To me, this means that that he wants the sounds to keep coming, regardless of any complaints from elsewhere. I am thinking that this has something to do with the military, and the bugles and drums that are being played are a way to express to everyone that it is happening and unavoidable regardless of pleas from mothers and children. The second poem I read by Walt Whitman was “I Hear America Singing” (Whitman, 644). This poem talks of different labored...
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...more supportive and develop a greater resolve to win the war. This tactic was very successful in enraging the American Public, creating support for the war effort both on American soil and in Europe. “Dead GI’s on Buna Beach” is now well-thought-out to be a war classic. In that September, this photo and other horrific and graphic pictures of WWII were finally appealed by the Office of War. President Roosevelt dreaded that the American community might be growing content about the war and its horrific toll. In the picture, the Americans’ faces were not shown–a practice continued until Korean War to preserve soldiers’ privacy in death. This picture is not just photo of dead American’s, but a photo of dead American’s lying neglected and disregarded in the sands of a foreign country attracted to the pathos of the American community by striking them where it meant most of. They were not just “American Soldiers”, but brave compatriots, brothers, neighbors, fathers, sons, husbands, and friends. Even though black and white was the only thing obtainable during that time, the usage of black and white in this picture generates a blatant image cast in a gloomy light. The portrayal of the soldiers lying face down with the sand deeply covering their body, made it seem lonely and that nobody wanted to come retrieve the body or even preserve it. This picture has an impression on the new soldiers waiting to do their part in the war. This photo appealed to the feelings of the...
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...The Civil War of 1861-1865 The Civil War of 1861-1865 One of the biggest reasons for the start of the Civil War (1861-1865) was centered around the issue of slavery. Southern states (known as the slave states) was dependent on agriculture, this created a huge demand for slaves to do the hard labor. Northern states on the other hand, were liberal and favored the idea of abolition of slavery. The politicians in the Northern states lobbied for abolition of slavery, which the Southern states opposed and threatened to secede if the Federal administration took any such step, which they did and thus the start of the Civil War. The imminent beginnings of the Civil War began in 1619 because of the arrival of 20 Black Africans from a Dutch frigate as indentured servants. Shortly after this, the Black Africans were experiencing the life as slaves and both the Southerners and Northerners were selling and trading them for profits. As the North started to pass laws to abolish slavery, in the South slavery was still part of the economy, part of the way of life, and remained legally sanctioned. In 1850, the South, with its slave labor, were exporting over a million tons of cotton a year and during this time in the in the North, the abolitionist movement was gaining momentum. Congress was having an intense argument in 1854 over the two states, Kansa and Nebraska that were added, whether they should be admitted to the Union as Free states or slave states. Congress decided that the states should...
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...reopen the question of slavery in new territories. Since the North and the South could not comprise on slav-ery for all territories it lead to the Civil War. When it come to territories that were not yet considered the states the federal government was responsible for the decision if slaves were allowed, once a state it would be the state gov-ernment (Brinkley, 2012). As the issue of slavery in new territories came it is caused a lot of ten-sion throughout sections in the United...
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