...Bloom's Taxonomy is a classification of learning objectives within education proposed in 1956 by a committee of educators chaired by Benjamin who also edited the first volume of the standard text, Taxonomy of educational objectives: the classification of educational goals[1] (referred to as simply "the Handbook" below). Although named for Bloom, the publication followed a series of conferences from 1949 to 1953, which were designed to improve communication between educators on the design of curricula and examinations.[2] [3] It refers to a classification of the different objectives that educators set for students (learning objectives). Bloom's Taxonomy divides educational objectives into three "domains": Cognitive, Affective, and Psychomotor (sometimes loosely described as knowing/head, feeling/heart and doing/hands respectively). Within the domains, learning at the higher levels is dependent on having attained prerequisite knowledge and skills at lower levels.[4] A goal of Bloom's Taxonomy is to motivate educators to focus on all three domains, creating a more holistic form of education.[1] A revised version of the taxonomy was created in 2000.[5] [6] [7] Bloom's Taxonomy is considered to be a foundational and essential element within the education community as evidenced in the 1981 survey significant writings that have influenced the curriculum: 1906-1981, by H.G. Shane and the 1994 yearbook of the National Society for the Study of Education. 1. 2. ^ a b c d Bloom...
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...The word race usually is attached to a biological classification of people, however, it also has a socially constructed meaning as well. Race can be a classification system used to classify people into groups of physical appearance, ancestry geographically, inherited characteristics, ethnicity, and social status. Race can be defined as a large group of humans that are relatively similar in historical content, ancestry, and social significants. A social uniqueness of its own kind, race should serve as a meaning that connects between characteristics and physical features. Race is an ongoing antagonistic process of a political and societal conflict. Terms like White, Latino, Black and Asian, are societal groups, not intrinsically obvious subdivisions...
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...Human Factors Analysis and Classification System Abstract As aircrafts become more reliable over the years, humans have progressively become more of a causal factor in aviation accidents. Thus, being able to analyze an accident from a human factor perspective is of paramount importance. However, a proper framework of accident analysis is necessary to address the complex and often nebulous nature of human error. The Human Factors Analysis and Classification System Maintenance Extension (HFACS-ME) is one such framework that serves as an accident investigation and data analysis tool. This article will analyze how HFACS-ME is used from an applied perspective and demonstrate its utility using case studies. Human Factors Analysis and Classification System Maintenance Extension The Human Factors Analysis & Classification System (HFACS) was originally developed to analyze and classify human errors and other factors contributing to aviation incidents. HFACS combines features from Heinrich’s “Domino Theory” and Edward’s “SHEL Model” as well as Reason’s model to uncover factors that contribute to accidents (Schmidt, J. Lawson, D., n.d.). The Maintenance Extension of HFACS termed HFACE-ME was created to address aviation maintenance related incidents and facilitates the recognition of defective or absent defenses at four levels namely, Unsafe: Management Conditions, Maintainer Conditions, Working Conditions, and Maintainer...
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...According to the Kȍppen Climate Classification system, San Francisco has “dry-summer-subtropical” or “Mediterranean” climates (Csa and Csb). Data from NOAA, beginning in 1946 (figure 3), shows that from 1946 to 2013, average yearly temperature has increased from 54.8 F° to 58 F° with some fluctuation between. On average, precipitation declined from 11.07” in 1945 to 3.39” in 2013 (figure 4). However, there has been a trend of higher precipitation, just a huge plummet in 2013, as opposed to 2012, where it was 21.48”. There are no records for 2014, however, California as a whole has experienced an intense drought this past year (Lindsey, 2014), which in 1983 saw a huge spike in precipitation, with 38.34”, which indicates a potential flood. The...
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...Pharmacokinetics Pharmacokinetics is a branch of pharmacology which studies what happens when foreign substances enter the human body. It looks at what happens to the substances when they are administered, up until the point at which they are excreted. In humans, the substances that are normally studied are hormones, toxins or other pharmaceutical agents such as paracetamol or aspirin. The knowledge of Pharmacokinetics is used to come up with an effective plan on how to administer drugs to patients. Some of the main goals of pharmacokinetics are to enhance the efficiency and reduce the toxicity of drugs. Pharmacokinetics comprises of 5 pathways, these are: Administration, adsorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination. Administration in pharmacokinetics is studying how the drug is going to be delivered into the body. A few methods include: Oral, Skin, lungs, eyes, and ears. For a drug to reach the target cells, it must be able to move across membranes and enter the blood stream via adsorption. If the drug has poor solubility or has an inability to pass through cell membranes, then this can affect how well the drugs intended effects work. The membranes that separate tissues from blood capillary’s are composed of lipids, this means that lipid soluble drugs will readily cross these membranes, whereas ionised drugs will not. Absorption also links into drug administration, as if a drug that was taken orally did not get adsorbed properly by the body, then it signals the means...
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...The most generic classification is that involving the concept of air masses. The Bergeron classification is the most widely accepted form of air mass classification. Air mass classification involves three letters. The first letter describes its moisture properties, with c used for continental air masses (dry) and m for maritime air masses (moist). The second letter describes the thermal characteristic of its source region: T for tropical, P for polar, A for Arctic or Antarctic, M for monsoon, E for equatorial, and S for superior air (dry air formed by significant downward motion in the atmosphere). The third letter is used to designate the stability of the atmosphere. If the air mass is colder than the ground below it, it is labeled k. If the air mass is warmer than the ground below it, it is labeled. While air mass identification was originally used in weather forecasting during the 1950s, climatologists began to establish synoptic climatologies based on this idea in 1973. Based upon the Bergeron classification scheme is the Spatial Synoptic Classification system (SSC). There are six categories within the SSC scheme: Dry Polar (similar to continental polar), Dry Moderate (similar to maritime superior), Dry Tropical (similar to continental tropical), Moist Polar (similar to maritime polar), Moist Moderate (a hybrid between maritime polar and maritime tropical), and Moist Tropical (similar to maritime tropical, maritime monsoon, or maritime equatorial)...
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...Railroad Classification Yard Guylee Washington Coastal Pines College February 25, 2015 Railroad Classification Yard Do you know what a railroad classification yard consist of? In railroad freight transportation, shipments are consolidated to benefit from economies of scale. Railroad classification yards, also called shunting yards, play an important role as consolidation nodes in rail freight networks. At classification yards, inbound trains are disassembled and the railcars are sorted blocks. Through this procedure, railcars can be routed through the network in a series of blocks moving on trains in such a way that every destination pair can be served while avoiding a large number of end-to-end connections. Due to the complexity of terminal operations, computer simulation offers a flexible and credible technique to identify more opportunities for yard performance improvements. However, the use of simulation technique to model terminal operations is not a common practice in freight railroads. Throughout this report I will be explaining key factors that depicts the typical operations in a railroad hump yard and performance measurements that are used to gauge the efficiency of yard operations. In North America, railroad classification yards are classified into two main types: hump yards and flat yards. Did you know that “More than half of the hump yards in North America have closed in the past 25 years? From 152 operating classification yards in 1975, the number dropped...
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...In E-Commerce systems, like online shops, there is a need to present a variety of products to online customers. These products can be unrelated like food and books, or related in a hierarchical classification structure. The product information needs to be organized in a way that enables the customer to do searches, matches, and comparisons between different products based on some common product attributes. The common solution for this is to represent all products in a store in a catalog, either in a print format, or in case of online store, an electronic catalog. To simplify the catalog building process and customer browsing of a catalog, products are often classified into categories where similar products that share common attributes are in one broad category. An example would be footwear, where each product in this category shares some common attributes like size, material, color, gender (male, female, or children), and then can have more specialized sub-categories like sports footwear. Another example would be an appliances category where all have more specialized sub-categories like sports footwear. Products share common attributes as an operating voltage, color, energy consumption, dimensions (height, width and length), and further have some special sub-categories like refrigerators. An online store would be interested with categorizing its products to be able to add new products efficiently, as it would only need to add the new product to its sub-category...
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...Week 6 – Course Project Dinae C. Davison, RHIT HIM 435 Professor Paula Arceneaux April 14, 2013 Introduction to ICD-10-CM/PCS The World Health Organization (WHO) is the entity that owns and publishes the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) system (The World Health Organization (WHO), 2013). The United States made modifications to this classification system and in 1979 implemented the use of ICD-9-CM. Since that time healthcare worldwide has evolved and the need to collect more detailed information regarding the diseases and conditions that effect world’s population has become a high priority. Due to this evolution, the ICD-9-CM system has become outdated and can no longer accommodate our needs. Effective October 1, 2014 the United States will implement ICD-10-CM/PCS for use across the nation. Initially we will cover ICD-10-CM and then address ICD-10-PCS. ICD-10-CM is the classification system to be utilized to record diagnoses identified and treated in both the acute care setting as well as the ambulatory setting. There are various differences between ICD-9-CM and ICD-10-CM and we will highlight several of those differences today. One difference between the two coding classification systems is the number of chapters. ICD-10-CM consists of twenty-one chapters as compared to the seventeen chapters in ICD-9-CM. There are approximately 68,000 diagnostic codes in ICD-10-CM as opposed to the 14,000 in ICD-9-CM (DeVault, Barta, & Endicott...
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...IJCSI International Journal of Computer Science Issues, Vol. 7, Issue 4, No 2, July 2010 ISSN (Online): 1694‐0784 ISSN (Print): 1694‐0814 18 An Improved k-Nearest Neighbor Classification Using Genetic Algorithm N. Suguna1, and Dr. K. Thanushkodi2 1 Professor in Computer Science and Engg, Akshaya College of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India. 2 Director, Akshaya College of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India. Abstract k-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) is one of the most popular algorithms for pattern recognition. Many researchers have found that the KNN algorithm accomplishes very good performance in their experiments on different data sets. The traditional KNN text classification algorithm has three limitations: (i) calculation complexity due to the usage of all the training samples for classification, (ii) the performance is solely dependent on the training set, and (iii) there is no weight difference between samples. To overcome these limitations, an improved version of KNN is proposed in this paper. Genetic Algorithm (GA) is combined with KNN to improve its classification performance. Instead of considering all the training samples and taking k-neighbors, the GA is employed to take k-neighbors straightaway and then calculate the distance to classify the test samples. Before classification, initially the reduced feature set is received from a novel method based on Rough set theory hybrid with Bee Colony Optimization (BCO) as we have discussed...
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...Annie Jump Cannon was an American astronomer, born on December 11, 1863. She was born in Dover, Delaware but she moved to Cambridge, Massachusetts before she died. Suffering from scarlet fever rendered her nearly deaf, this made it hard for her to socialize and as a result she immersed herself in her work. She was a suffragist and a member of the National Women's party. Known for Stellar classification, she listed nearly 400,000 stars in her contribution to the Draper catalog. She is also known for her speed in classifying stars and ability to draw distinctions in the photographs of Stellar Spectra. She could classify three stars per minute by looking at their special pattern. In 1922 Cannon's system of classification was adopted by the International...
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...Job evaluation is defined as a systematic process of determining the relative worth of jobs in relation to other job in order to establish which jobs should be paid more than others within an organization (Snell & Bohlander, 2010). The goal of job evaluation is to achieve internal equity during the salary system formation. In other word, job evaluation means the process of objectively determining the relative worth of jobs within an organization. It involves a systematic study and analysis of job duties and requirements. The evaluation is based on a number of compensable factors. Job evaluation can measure the value of all jobs within an organization and produces a rank order ranging from entry level positions to the most senior positions within an organization. It provides a framework to administer pay. The purpose of job evaluation is to helps established internal equity between various jobs in which wage paid is equal to the value of the job. When establishing the worth of a position, issues of internal equity are considered. Internal equity is defined as fairness in the relationship of a job’s salary range when compared with the salary ranges of similar jobs within the organization. The salary range for a job is considered internally equitable if the salary is commensurate with responsibility level of the position. It is important that a job evaluation is felt to be fair by everyone in the organisation. Effective communication, ongoing consultation and transparency are...
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...Asset Identification & Asset Classification 1. What is the purpose of identifying IT assets and inventory? i. To help identify areas of potential risks. 2. What is the purpose of an asset classification? ii. To evaluate the health of the company by examining how well each of the company’s assets are performing. 3. For the scenario you picked, give three (3) examples of customer privacy data elements. (HIPAA) iii. Names iv. Medical records v. Health plan beneficiary numbers 4. Why is your organization’s website classification minor nut its e-commerce server considered critical for your scenario? vi. Because it presents a smaller threat while the e-commerce server is more valuable to the organization. 5. Why would you classify customer privacy data and intellectual property assets as critical? vii. They are valuable assets to the organization and possess value to the organization. 6. What are some examples of security controls for recent compliance law requirements? viii. Sarbanes-Oxley Act – To certify the accuracy of financial information. ix. Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act – Information from children under the age of 13. 7. How can a Data Classification Standard help with asset classification? x. Classifying data helps prevent vulnerability to sensitive data. 8. How can you minimize leakage of customer privacy data through the public internet? xi. Gramm-Leach-Bliley...
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...Healthcare standards are essential to development and implementation of Electronic Medical Record (EMR), Representation of healthcare data in a standard will help in reaching better interoperability. I will track patient admission until discharge with diagnosis of Angina. As a clinician I will diagnose this patient using Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine-Clinical Terms (SNOMED CT), the EMR or the coders should then map my diagnosis into international Classification of Diseases Clinical Modification 10th edition (ICD-10- CM)) using the Interactive Map-Assisted Generation of ICD Codes (I-MAGIC) (I-MAGIC], 2015). SNOMED-CT is required in stage 2 and should be used for documenting problem (Levy, 2013a). SNOMED-CT is a comprehensive clinical terminology that describe the diagnosis in details, it is way of description is close to the medical language. SNOMED-CT easy to map to other clinical terminology like ICD-9 and ICD-10 in a addition to LOINC (Giannangelo, 2015)., The SNOMED-CT code for Angina is 194828000, and the ICD-10-CM for Angina is I24.9, Acute ischemic heart disease (NLM, 2013). At admission the physician need to order Electrocardiogram (EKG) test to confirm angina, EKG was ordered and EMR attached the Current Procedural Terminology (CPT), CPT was developed by the American Medical Association (AMA) it doesn’t contain diagnosis codes it only focuses in procedures, the CPT code for EKG 12 leads is 93000 (Giannangelo, 2015; ECG CPT, 2015). The physician placed an order...
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...British Board of Film Classification (BBFC) Alana Finn 14R Media Studies Miss Garry The British Board of Film Classification, known as the BBFC, was set up in the film industry in 1984. It is an independent regulator of non-governmental body that classify films before they go to the cinema. They are currently based in Soho Square, London, Regulating the UK only and have a requirement to classify videos, and DVDs as well as some video games under the Video Recordings Act (1984), acknowledging and reflecting the UK's diverse cultural society. Originally set up in 1912 in order to put together rules and judgement on censorship, the British Board of Film Classification was known as the British Board of Film Censors until 1985. The BBFC then changed their name for the reason that they wanted to be known for the much larger role of actual classification that went into the boards work, rather than censorship, also applying the test of 'suitability for viewing in the home'. In the case of films shown in cinemas, local authorities have the final legal authorisation over who can view a particular film. The majority of the time, legal authorities accepts the Board's recommendation for a certificate for a film. Although there have been some exceptions, particularly in the 1970's when the board allowed films such as The Last Tango In Paris and The Exorcist to be released with an X certificate (18+), but many local authorities chose to ban the films regardless. The BBFC is a non-profit...
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