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UNCTAD

COMMODITY EXCHANGES AROUND THE WORLD
By the UNCTAD Secretariat ∗

Virtually all of the futures exchanges in the United States date from the late nineteenth or early twentieth century. They all started as commodity exchanges, but since the early 1980s trade in financial futures has become more and more important for most of them. Until 1998, the Chicago Board of Trade used to be the world=s largest futures exchange, but is now the second-largest place with a volume of 255 million contracts in 1999 (11 per cent of total world volume). The Chicago Mercantile Exchange, the world=s fourth-largest, accounted for about 8.5 per cent of world volume, while the New York Mercantile Exchange (former NYMEX and COMEX), the world=s eighth-largest, accounted for more than 4 per cent. Among the large exchanges, NYMEX is the only one trading solely commodities, and is the world=s largest commodity exchange. Two years ago, the CSCE, NYSE and NYCE merged to form the New York Board of Trade which was in 1999 the world=s twentiethlargest exchange. Up to 1993, the United States exchanges used to account for the major part of world futures and options trade. As the table below shows, it is not anymore the case today.
1400

Legend
Country has one ore more active commodity futures exchanges. Country has one ore more exchanges active in the physical trade of commodities or forward delivery. There are, or have been, plans for the introduction of a commodity exchange.

Total US Exchanges

1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0

Other exchanges

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

Volume of trade of United States and other exchanges

The exchanges in Canada, also long-established, are of fairly minor importance; the largest exchange trading commodities, the Winnipeg Commodity Exchange, was the world’s 41st-largest futures and options exchange in 1999, accounting for

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