...www.tojned.net The Role of Adequate Nutrition onAcademic Performance of CollegeStudents in North Tripura Santanu Ghosh [1], Haradhan Saha [2] [1] Dr.,Santanu Ghosh,Department of HumanPhysiologyGovernment Degree College, Dharmanagar, North Tripura.Phone no: 9862729696.sgrintuk11@gmail.com.[2] Dr.,Haradhan SahaAssistant Professor,Department of Education,Government Degree College,Santirbazar, Tripura (South). ABSTRACT The development of a nation is closely interlinked with the educationlevel of its population. Various studies have provided enough evidence ofthe importance of proper nutrition to the cognitive development of anindividual which also affects their education achievements. Bur till date,the pathway as to how nutrition develops or hinders academicachievement is still not very clear. It has been established that poorhealth and malnutrition in early childhood may affect cognitive abilities.This study looks into the effect of nutritional on college students in NorthTripura district which has hitherto not been documented earlier. Thestudy shows that, the tribal students have lower BMI values than theirnontribal counterparts which may be due to the tribal students having lessaccess to convenience foods. Their poor nutritional status reflects in theiracademic achievements which are lower than their nontribalcounterparts.Keywords:Nutrition, College students, Tripura, Academic status. INTRODUCTIONSince national or community development depends largely on the quality of education...
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...Bjorklund, D. (Ed.). (2013). Children's strategies: Contemporary views of cognitive development. Psychology Press. Introduction The text by Bjorklund (B.D.) breaks down the views of the children of the world and the stages of cognitive development and how it has been most and least effective when the developing child has shown some type of reaction. Method B.D. took a group of school aged children (five years to nine years of age) and divided them into what he believe to be the correct development groupings. He did so without any prior knowledge based on their educational backgrounds or scores. After having them answer a series of questionnaires, he looked at the results and found the results startling. They laid out that just because a child is the same age as another child, doesn’t mean that he/she is necessarily on the same cognitive plane that the other’s would be. Results The results were pretty straight forward, with the children of the same ages not all being on the same cognitive level as the all others their age, those leveled the same are put were put in groups and much more effective learning happened. Almost 100% of student showed positive improvement once bunched in with others suffering from the same learning disorder or simply not yet developed into a cognitive level he or she is supposed to reach at their current age. Abstract During the last 25 years, research into cognitive grouping and development has come a long way in determining what level a...
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...Cognitive Dissonance PSY/400 Cognitive Dissonance What is doing the right thing? Is doing the right thing always going to be the right thing to do ? Are there limits on doing what is right? Are there exceptions on what is right? When looking at cognitive dissonance, one has to understand what cognitive dissonance is. Cognitive dissonance is the feeling of when a person holds two conflicting thoughts in their mind at the same time. According to ITS psychology dictionary, Cognitive dissonance is define as, “a state of tension created when there are conflicts between an individual's behavior and beliefs, or between two beliefs.” (ITS Tutorial School, 2005) In this paper, the reader will look at a situation, and will automatically be able to see cognitive dissonance. We will then analyze the social, cultural, and spiritual influences on the individual’s behavior and his or her ethics. Describe the reciprocal relationship between behavior and attitudes, and explain how the individual could have used cognitive dissonance theory to rationalize his or her behavior. The Situation A man, Bob, meets a girl, Sarah, and starts to get to know her. Bob and Sarah start to click, then decide to take their relationship to another level. Bob and Sarah made the decision to become a couple and even talk about marriage. The relationship becomes serious but is still extremely new. Bob and Sarah really did not give each other a chance to get to know each other and start...
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...THEORIES - COGNITIVE LEARNING THEORIES l CHAPTER 5 CHAPTER 5 Learning Theories - Cognitive Learning Theories LE ARNI NG OUTCOMES After studying this chapter, you should be able to: 1. Explain what is cognitive revolution and the cognitive perspective on learning and how it differs from other theoretical perspective; Discuss the origins of the contemporary cognitive perspective including the Gestalt psychology and the role of perception; Describe the Information processing model to learning and distinguish the features of ‘Multistore model’; Explain what is schema theory; Link schema theory to cognitive structuralism and examine the role of insightful learning and meaningful learning; and Discuss application of cognitive theories in the classroom. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 104 CHAPTER 5 l LEARNING THEORIES - COGNITIVE LEARNING THEORIES INTRODUCTION Sometimes you wonder why the teacher use colourful chalk with some of the words written on the board. Sometimes the teacher write in capital letter with important words. These are useful as guides for the students to differentiate the important and unimportant facts. In other words, accurate perception is important in good learning. It is part of the Gestalt principles. Clearly, these principles are useful as guide for teachers as they organize their materials and learning activities. So in this chapter, we will discuss the origin and features of cognitive theory and relate them to cognitive constructivism...
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..."In many industrialised countries, it is typical for infants as well as school aged children to spend significant periods of time being cared for by someone other than a parent." Consider the possible benefits and/or disadvantages of day care for children's social and/or cognitive development. Day care is a form of temporary care that is not given by family members or someone who is well known to the child, and usually takes place outside the home. This form of care is probably the most common situation in which infants and young children are separated from their primary attachment figure. The physical separation involved in day care may or may not affect a child's social and cognitive development due to a lack of emotional care during this time period. Social development is the aspect of a child's growth concerned with the development of sociability, where the child learns how to relate to others and the process of socialisation, in which the child acquires the knowledge and skills appropriate to society. Day care may have negative and/or positive effects on children's social development, and this has been studied by many psychologists. Bowlby (1950) drew the conclusion that prolonged separation from the primary attachment figure could cause long-term maladjustment in the child; this demonstrates that there is a negative effect of day care on development. Increased aggressiveness is thought to be an effect of day care on a child, as is disobedience and violence. The...
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...Cognitive Psychology emerged as a reaction to Behaviourism. Discuss Cognitive psychology is the school of psychology that studies mental processes including how people think, perceive, remember and learn. As part of the larger field of cognitive science, this branch of psychology is related to other disciplines including neuroscience, philosophy and linguistics. Whereas Behaviorism suggests that all behavior can be explained by environmental causes rather than by internal forces. Behaviorism is focused on observable behavior. Theories of learning including classical conditioning and operant conditioning were the focus of a great deal of research. Cognitive psychology began to emerge during the 1950s, partly as a response to behaviorism. According to Anderson (1996), cognitive psychology first emerged in the two decades between 1950 and 1970. The modern development of cognitive psychology was due to the WWII focus on research on human performance and attention, developments in computer science, especially those in artificial intelligence, and the renewal of interest in the field of linguistics. Critics of behaviorism noted that it failed to account for how internal processes impacted behavior. This period of time is sometimes referred to as the "cognitive revolution" as a wealth of research on topics such as information processing, language, memory and perception began to emerge. One of the most influential theories from this school of thought was the stages of cognitive development...
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...This essay will confirm this theory by analysing bilingual’s cognitive affect in memory, task switching and attention and demonstrate how these aspects relate to having a better academic performance. Numerous studies were found measuring and comparing memory, task switching and attention of bilingual and monolingual children. Result have indicate that bilingual consist of many cognitive advantage that outperformed monolinguals in cognitive task, however bilingual experience more difficulty when approaching in verbal and vocabulary task. Overall Studies showed evidence of cognitive advantage in bilingual children that may result in a better academic performance. Bilingual Children and Academic Performance Education is a form of learning and acquiring the knowledge and skills that are transferred from one generation to the next. (Lee, 2009) Academic performance in a student educational journey is one of the most significant aspects in regards to a child’s academic outcome. In many cases it is often promoted that being bilingual is a contributing factor to enhancing a child’s academic performance. In Australia, statistics show that there are around 22 million Australians speaking in approximately 400 different languages or were either bilingual (Australian Bureau Statistics, 2009). As statistics highlight the fact that there is an increasing rate of people who communicate in more than one language, researches are shifting towards the need for support and understanding of bilingualism...
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...1 Lesson # 1 Case Study MGT 500: Organizational Behavior & Leadership July, 04, 2014 2 Listo System Listo Systems is a graphic service agency with success from 1990's.The rapid growth help to learn new technology impacts and give products faster and quicker.But competition is growing faster which increase needs of customer and to get product more demanding.The advancements in technology have also created new threats to the industry in terms of security and theft of products.Technology has become the key strategic resource needed for the success, indeed the survival, of a business, corporation, or nation.The vital role of information technologies and systems in society raises serious ethical and societal issues in terms of their impact on employment, individuality, working conditions, privacy, health, and computer crime. Managers and business professionals can help solve the problems of improper use of IT by assuming their ethical responsibilities for the ergonomic design, beneficial use, and enlightened management of e-business technologies in our society. Listo system is a graphic agency with a success.As, with the growing technology field Listo has to satisfy the needs of customers.As to adjust in the competitive field Listo faced lot of challenges.The Listo system can come out from this situation with the help of leadership management, study customer behavior and how to satisfy customers requirement. Listo systems leadership management should...
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...assignment is due in Week Nine. |Content |Points Earned | |60 Percent |X/5 | |Lists the factors that contributed towards Sarah’s attitude regarding her curfew and how did |Comments: | |these factors contribute. |The factors that have contributed towards | |Explains the ways Sarah displays cognitive dissonance. |Sarah’s attitude were her new friends that | |Describes the situations that Sarah conforms to her peers’ beliefs and how. Explains some |she had made in school. Her new friends kept | |possible reasons that Sarah did this. |telling Sarah that the party was going to be | |Explains some possible reasons that Jack was interested in Sarah and how these relate to the |very fun, which by Sarah never being to a | |factors of attraction. |party before; she was excited that her new | |Describes the type of social interaction that was displayed through the fight at the party and|friends wanted to hang out with her. Sarah | |how this social interaction affects...
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...Cognitive Dissonance and Jenny McCarthy’s Death Toll Candace Stamper PSY/400 Russell Sempell June 4, 2014 Abstract Humans are great at rationalizing their behavior and actions. This is especially true when a group of people or a high status citizen supports an individual’s beliefs, even when there is no valid authority contributed to their stance. Individuals raised in the modern first-world are educated to believe in the science and efficiency of vaccinations to ensure public health and decrease infant and childhood mortality rates. A wealth of evidence exists to prove that vaccinations are safe, effective, and increase public health. The scientific and medical communities, by a vast majority, support the use of vaccinations and are desperately attempting to get vaccines to third world countries and end massive generations-long death tolls attributed to preventable diseases. The diseases that these vaccines prevent had been eradicated in the United States and Western Europe for decades. Why, then, are people willing to allow their children to go unvaccinated in first world nations? Cognitive dissonance may hold the answer to this question. Ian and Linda Williams are educated parents in Auckland, New Zealand, who refused to vaccinate their son, Alijah. This decision would be life-altering. The family was caught up in the recent anti-vaccine movement, promoted heavily by celebrities like Robert F. Kennedy, Jr., Jim Carrey, and Jenny McCarthy - one of the most famous opponents...
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...Article Critic on Cognitive Development ECE353: Cognitive Developments of Infants & Young Children Cognitive development is the construction of thought processes, including remembering, problem solving, and decision-making, from childhood through adolescence, and into adulthood. Cognitive development refers to how a person perceives, thinks, and gains understanding of his or her world through the interaction of around them, genetic influences, and learned factors often model by a child’s parents and teachers. “Among the areas of cognitive development are information processing, intelligence, reasoning, language development, and memory” (Blumberg, 2004), however historically cognitive development in children has been studied in a variety of ways, and has been explained in several different manners. While most psychologists believe there is a developmental cognitive stage the each explains the stage differently in order to defend their findings and information. Recently I read four different articles relate to cognitive development, and realized that although all psychologists believe this stage to exist, they all understand it differently, and explain it differently as well. While many believe cognitive development is solely representative of one’s surroundings, others believe it can be influenced by one’s genetic making, or situational circumstances. In the first article I read, cognitive development was explained as something highly influenced by a person’s cultural...
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...to test the hypotheses that social interaction is related to cognitive change, that children progress through developmental stages in an understanding of science. Two children were used for the investigation a boy aged eleven and a girl aged six. The data was collated from video-recorded tasks. The participant’s predictions and explanations were coded. Findings revealed that when the children experienced cognitive conflict or were challenged by the researcher this could cause conceptual change, leading to a developmental progression in the children’s scientific thinking. INTRODUCTION Considerable research exists on the mathematic and scientific thinking of children. Selly, N (1993) proposed a developmental progression of children’s scientific understanding, relating to floating and sinking. Selly argues that young children have a very practical view of buoyancy. As children realise that their explanations are insufficient, they progress through a series of what Selley termed Hypotheses from 1, 1A,2,3,and 4. Cognitive changes in the development of mathematical and scientific concepts are Piaget’s discovery learning, this occurs when children are lone learners working mostly on their own. To get children to progress with their thinking Paiget and his colleagues would challenge pupils and their thinking creating conflict and producing disequilibrium that would initiate the equilibrium processes, producing cognitive change. This links to Selley’s (1993) H 4 (Hypothesis) referred...
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...Cognitive Processes Paper Cristala Walker August 8, 2012 INTRODUCTION This paper will examine the cognitive processes of attention, language, and problem solving. This paper will explain the purpose of each cognitive processes. This paper will also summarize and evaluate the studies of these cognitive processes and also the research methodology that they focus on. Cognitive processes are very important for human behavior. It is about the knowledge and the way people use his or her knowledge. Cognitive processes affect individuals in everyday life, often occurring within fractions of a second. EXPLAIN THE PURPOSE OF EACH COGNITIVE PROCESS Language is used to communicate feelings, thoughts, and ideas effectively. The use of language begins at a very young age, some would agree before birth. Language is spoken in a mixture of techniques from oral, to sign language to body language. In language there is a collection of terms, which is related to a particular topic, and the collection of terms is identified as a lexicon. Language and lexicon mutually combined because of the recollection of vocabulary or verbal communication, which transmits to cognitive psychology because the occurrence of lexical judgments in processing vocabulary in the cognitive mind. The main aspects of verbal communication are communicative, uninformed, controlled, generative, and self-motivated. The communicative part of language is the speech between two individuals. The uniformed part is the...
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...Task analysis and human-computer interaction: approaches, techniques, and levels of analysis Abe Crystal School of Information and Library Science University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill acrystal@email.unc.edu Beth Ellington School of Information and Library Science University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill elliv@email.unc.edu ABSTRACT In this paper we critically review task analysis models and techniques. These approaches to task analysis are discussed in order to develop a richer picture of human activity, while analyzing their limitations, general weaknesses, and possibilities for improvement. We consider their ability to determine the appropriate set of atomic actions in a task, their effect on workers’ motivational needs, their support of users’ cognitive and sociocultural processes, and their effectiveness in supporting interface design. We note that the major approaches have focused on very different levels of analysis, and call for greater integration of these different levels in task analysis theory. Keywords Task analysis, cognitive modeling, activity theory. INTRODUCTION Practitioners and researchers routinely advocate building user-centered systems which enable people to reach their goals, take account of natural human limitations, and generally are intuitive, efficient and pleasurable to use (Preece, Rogers and Sharp, 2002). Central to the design of such systems is a clear understanding of what users actually want to do: What...
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...Adriana Umana 27 April 2015 Psych 351 Cognitive Dissonance According to cognitive dissonance theory, there is a tendency for individuals to seek consistency among their cognitions (beliefs, expectations, or opinions of a particular individual). When inconsistency does exist between these beliefs or attitudes, psychological tension (dissonance) occurs and must be resolved through some action. My personal example of cognitive dissonance is the purchase of a 1996 Mustang I made over the summer. This car was my dream car; it was new, and had all of the features I could ever want. I didn’t have much money but I was so excited that I took out my first loan to buy this beautiful car. However, when it came time for school in the fall, I discovered that it was not the ideal vehicle to drive over the mountains. It was an older car; it didn’t have seatbelts, and was very sluggish traveling over the mountain pass. I was extremely frustrated. Dissonance existed between my belief that I had bought a dream car and that a dream car should have seatbelts and have enough power to make it over a mountain pass. To eliminate this dissonance, I decided to store the car at my parent’s house and only drive the car infrequently. Since then, I have also purchased another car that does have seatbelts and can drive 75mph over the pass. In doing so, I have changed both my behavior and my beliefs. I have changed my belief that it is important for a dream car to have seatbelts and drive over...
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