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Collateral Vulnerabilities

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Human inabilities place challenges on individuals and minor groups. The challenges are healthy social development and economic success. Human inabilities are a haven for victimization due to stratification and economic deprivation. Illiteracy is an human inability. Illiteracy influences stratification and economic deprivation. The economic deprivation creates a sense of envy or injustice from the awareness of inequality resulting in deviant behavior (Jacobs, 2013). The cycle of crime, punishment, and poverty rise from victimization and collateral sanction for individuals and minor social groups from stratification and economic deprivation. The collateral sanction limit resources for the improvement of social status, employment …show more content…
Society has tried to address the illiteracy issues by funding educational programs for inmates and convicted felons because of the already collateral sanctions placed on felons and inmates. Collateral sanctions create low education, lack of opportunities, which increase crime and inequality. However, the government does offer programs fund by the state and federal government to promote education for future success. Some programs are The Charles W. Colson Scholarship and Prison Entrepreneurship Program. The programs are plans and strategies to develop and maintain a higher level of quality to living after prison. In addition, United States in 2009 established re-entry program called Justice Program, which provides felons with assistance for job placement, vocational training programs, temporary housing, and mentoring opportunities. However, the Justice Program does not included literacy program to improve one’s ability to read and write. The grants from the Justice Program for ex-convicts are based on qualification within correctional institutions, nonprofits, and religious organizations. Furthermore, education and programs with rehabilitation is essential to reduce crime and release positive citizens into society. Education allows prisoner to find a secure job. Education increase self-esteem, something that may be missing from the lives of many of these individuals (Aborn, Van Den Toorn, Hockin, Jordon, Nayvelt, nd Finkelstein, 1999). For example, in article “The California Prison and Rehabilitation System” by Aborn, Van Den Toorn, Hockin, Jordon, Nayvelt, and Finkelstein (1999) reads, “Education provides prisoners with a sense of contact with the outside world. "Help people get an education and you’ll help people get better jobs, reduce substance abuse, lessen the drain, on public housing stock and reduce crime," states Circuit Judge Lynn

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