...IN CONTEMPORARY SOUTHEAST ASIA ISLAMIC STUDIES AND ISLAMIC EDUCATION i ii IN CONTEMPORARY SOUTHEAST ASIA ISLAMIC STUDIES AND ISLAMIC EDUCATION Editors KAMARUZZAMAN BUSTAMAM-AHMAD PATRICK JORY YAYASAN ILMUWAN iii Perpustakaan Negara Malaysia Cataloguing-In-Publication Data Islamic studies and Islamic education in contemporary Southeast Asia / editors: Kamaruzzaman Bustamam-Ahmad, Patrick Jory ISBN 978-983-44372-3-7 (pbk.) 1. Islamic religious education--Southeast Asia. 2. Islam--Education--Southeast Asia. I. Kamaruzzaman Bustamam-Ahmad. II. Jory, Patrick. 297.77 First Printed 2011 © 2011 Kamaruzzaman Bustamam-Ahmad & Patrick Jory Publisher: Yayasan Ilmuwan D-0-3A, Setiawangsa Business Suites, Taman Setiawangsa, 54200 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means – for example, electronic, photocopy, recording – without prior written permission of the publisher. The only exception is brief quotations in printed review. The opinions expressed in this publication is the personal views of the authors, and do not necessary reflect the opinion of the publisher. Layout and cover design: Font: Font size: Printer: Hafizuldin bin Satar Goudy Old Style 11 pt Gemilang Press Sdn Bhd iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS T his book grew out of a three-day workshop jointly held by the Regional Studies Program, Walailak University, and the Department...
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...come more territorial, whereas the conflicts in the Pacific are likely to challenge the entire state and thus come to concern governance at large (Fiji, Solomon Islands). Fearon (2004; 2005) helps us to understand the dynamics of these wars. He notes that many of the longest civil wars of the world take place in the context of “sons-of-the-soil” disputes. The hallmarks of these wars are that they are protracted, low in intensity, fought between a government and a peripheral ethnic group seeking autonomy or secession, and the rebels do not view the government as a credible partner in peace talks. Democracy and mediation in territorial civil wars in Southeast Asia and the South Pacific Table 1 The territorial wars in Southeast Asia and South Pacific, 1960–2005 Territory Insurgents Start date 5 August 1950 1 January 1965 Episode start 5 August 1950 31 December 1965 1 January 1967 1 January 1976 7 December 1975 7 December 1975 1 January 1992 1 January 1997 1 May 1989 1 January 1963 1 January 1948 8 September 1990 8 January 1999 1 January 1963 31 December 1948 27 January 1995 1 January 1997 12 April 2005 1 January 1948 1 January 1948 29 December 1991 1 January 1994 1 January 1958 31 December 1948 27 March 1990 23 December 1996 1 January 1949 1 January 1957 Episode end 249 South Moluccas Republic of South Moluccas West Papua West Papua West Papua East Timor East Timor East Timor Aceh Aceh North Borneo Karen Karen Karen Karen Arakan Arakan Arakan Mon Mon Mon Kachin Kachin Karenni...
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...http://www.nybooks.com/articles/archives/1967/feb/23/a-special-supplement-the-responsibility-of-intelle/ the responsibility of intellectuals A Special Supplement: The Responsibility of Intellectuals Noam Chomsky FEBRUARY 23, 1967 ISSUE TWENTY-YEARS AGO, Dwight Macdonald published a series of articles in Politicson the responsibility of peoples and, specifically, the responsibility of intellectuals. I read them as an undergraduate, in the years just after the war, and had occasion to read them again a few months ago. They seem to me to have lost none of their power or persuasiveness. Macdonald is concerned with the question of war guilt. He asks the question: To what extent were the German or Japanese people responsible for the atrocities committed by their governments? And, quite properly, he turns the question back to us: To what extent are the British or American people responsible for the vicious terror bombings of civilians, perfected as a technique of warfare by the Western democracies and reaching their culmination in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, surely among the most unspeakable crimes in history. To an undergraduate in 1945-46—to anyone whose political and moral consciousness had been formed by the horrors of the 1930s, by the war in Ethiopia, the Russian purge, the “China Incident,” the Spanish Civil War, the Nazi atrocities, the Western reaction to these events and, in part, complicity in them—these questions had particular significance and poignancy. With respect to...
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...RETHINKING THE EAST ASIAN MIRACLE JOSEPH E. STIGLITZ AND SHAHID YUSUF Editors RETHINKING THE EAST ASIA MIRACLE JOSEPH E. STIGLITZ AND SHAHID YUSUF Editors A copublication of the World Bank and Oxford University Press i Oxford University Press Oxford • New York • Athens • Auckland • Bangkok • Bogotá • Buenos Aires • Calcutta • Cape Town • Chennai • Dar es Salaam • Delhi • Florence • Hong Kong • Istanbul • Karachi • Kuala Lumpur • Madrid • Melbourne • Mexico City • Mumbai • Nairobi • Paris • São Paulo • Singapore • Taipei • Tokyo • Toronto • Warsaw and associated companies in Berlin • Ibadan © 2001 The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank 1818 H Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20433, USA Published by Oxford University Press, Inc. 198 Madison Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10016 Oxford is a registered trademark of Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of Oxford University Press. Cover design and interior design by Naylor Design, Washington, D.C. Manufactured in the United States of America First printing June 2001 1 2 3 4 04 03 02 01 The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this study are entirely those of the authors and should not be attributed in any manner to the World Bank, to its affiliated organizations...
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...Abstract India is a complex nation with a rich history and years of diversity. With the rise of the global economy over the last century, it is safe to say that the country has become a major multi-national player. Although outsourcing to India has been a trend since the early 90’s, the country also has a growing local economy that is primed for investment should the right opportunity arise. However, not just any company can invest in or partner with India. Because India is rich in tradition and very slow to change its views, it will take a savvy, experienced investor with a team of managers willing to take on the task of creating a successful partnership with a country whose past has been riveted with corruption and a caste system that tends to hold its citizens back from improvement. A Multi National Corporation (MNC), with the right resources, will be able to benefit from the positive attributes of the developing country while at the same time contributing to the reduction of poverty and improved lifestyle of local citizens. Q#1. What are the major elements and dimensions of culture in this region? Communication The dimensions of culture can be summed up in a few points: communication, religion, ethics, values and attitudes, manners, customs, social structures and organizations, and education. Beginning with communication is perhaps the most important aspect of culture for a business manager to address. In Cross Border Commerce, author Brian Satterlee quotes John...
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...Globalizing Indian Manufacturing Competing in Global Manufacturing and Service Networks A Report on the Summit on Indian Manufacturing Competitiveness by Deloitte Research, the Indian School of Business, New York University, and Purdue University with support from the National Science Foundation Table of Contents Executive Summary: Globalizing Indian Manufacturing .......... 1 Competing in Global Manufacturing and Service Networks ..... 5 The path to becoming competitive ............................................... 5 Cracking the code for success in emerging markets...................... 5 Overcoming the size barrier.......................................................... 6 Growth strategies for Indian manufacturing ................................ 7 Indian Manufacturing and Global Competitiveness .................. 8 Scale and innovation ................................................................... 8 Reverse currents: Going overseas for growth ............................... 9 Going global with pharmaceuticals .............................................. 9 The opportunity in the food chain ............................................. 10 Becoming suppliers of choice ..................................................... 10 Simplifying India for global retailers ........................................... 11 Multinational Companies Entering Indian Markets ................. 12 From India to the world............................................
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...Managing the Talent Crisis in Global Manufacturing Strategies to Attract and Engage Generation Y A Deloitte Research Global Manufacturing Study Table of Contents Introduction................................................................................... 1 The Talent Paradox in Global Manufacturing: Survival of the Skilled................................................................... 2 The Depleting Talent Pipeline in Global Manufacturing ............ 3 The Challenge and Opportunity of Talent Mangement in Emerging Markets......................................................................... 5 China: Plenty of oysters, few pearls ............................................. 5 Southeast Asia: Dangers of a short-term view ............................. 6 India: Fighting off the competition .............................................. 6 Latin America: Middle management blues, technical skills shortage .............................................................. 7 Eastern Europe: The perils of accelerating wages ........................ 7 Connecting to Generation Y ........................................................ 8 Characteristics of Generation Y ................................................... 8 New strategies aligning with the needs of Generation Y ............. 9 Shortcomings of current approaches to managing talent ......... 10 The Develop-Deploy-Connect talent management model .......... 11 What Does the Develop-Deploy-Connect Model Mean for...
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...The Maritime Strategy of China in the Asia-Pacific Region Origins, Development and Impact HUANG, AN-HAO Submitted in total fulfilment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy August 2009 School of Social and Political Sciences Faculty of Arts The University of Melbourne Produced on archival quality paper ABSTRACT This thesis aims to examine how and why a continental-oriented China has shifted its maritime strategic orientation and naval force structure from its coast toward the far seas in an era of interdependent international system. Generally, China is an ancient continental land power with an incomplete oceanic awareness. With the transformation after the Cold War of China’s grand strategy from landward security to seaward security, maritime security interests have gradually become the most essential part of China’s strategic rationale. Undoubtedly, the quest for sea power and sea rights has become Beijing’s main maritime strategic issue. Given China’s escalating maritime politico-economic-military leverage in the Asia-Pacific region, its desire to become a leading sea power embodying global strategic thinking means that it must expand its maritime strategy by developing its navy and preparing for armed confrontation in terms of international relations realism. Conversely, Beijing’s maritime policy leads at the same time towards globalization, which involves multilateralism and strategic coexistence of a more pragmatic kind. This research...
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...Chapter One Introduction The growing concept of globalization and the opening up of the world among countries have created an inter- country business (tourism), social (education), and cultural situations where people from different countries must learn the attitude and behavior of each other in order to engage in business and co-exist in this global world (Waldman & Rubalcava, 2005). Furthermore, Globalization has brought about intercultural marriage. In today’s world intercultural marriage is inevitable, therefore potential and existing couples are more likely than not to encounter intercultural differences and intercultural shocks such as divorce (Tallman & Hsiao, 2004) Globalization wise intercultural marriages are vital. They create a new wave of culture called the third culture (Casmir, 1993). Intimacy between persons of diverse cultures is becoming a common phenomenon lately, and has led to an upsurge in intercultural marriages, (Waldman & Rubalcava, 2005; Frame, 2004). There are degrees of differences in marriage including intercultural relationships or marriages. When you meet someone for the first time, you see them; you talk to them, so the first important question is, ‘Do we look alike or the same? Furthermore, you talk to them, so the subsequent question you ask yourself is ‘Do we speak the same language or different language? Do we speak with the same accent or different accents? Do we use the same vocabulary or...
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...PAUL KRUGMAN WINNER OF THE NOBEL PRIZE IN ECONOMICS THE RETURN OF DEPRESSION E C O N O M CS AND T H E C R I S I S OF I 2 0 0 8 ISBN 9 7 8 - 0 - 3 9 3 - 0 7 1 0 1 - 6 W USA $24.95 CAN. $27.50 hat better guide could we have to the 2008 financial crisis and its resolution than our newest Nobel Laureate in Economics, the prolific columnist and author Paul Krugman? In his prescient 1999 classic, The Return of Depression Economics, Krugman surveyed the economic crises that had swept across Asia and Latin America and pointed out that they were a warning for all of us: like diseases that have become resistant to antibiotics, the economic maladies that caused the Great Depression were making a comeback. In the years that followed, as Wall Street boomed and financial wheeler-dealers made vast profits, the international crises of the 1990s faded from memory. But now depression economics has come to America. When the great housing bubble of the mid-2000s burst, the U.S. financial system proved as vulnerable as those of developing countries caught up in earlier crises—and a replay of the 1930s seems all too possible. In this new, greatly updated edition of The Return of Depression Economics, Krugman shows how the failure of regulation to keep pace with an increasingly out-of-control financial system set the United States and the world up for the greatest financial crisis since the 1930s. He also lays out the steps that must be taken...
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...Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION Thich Nhat Hanh: “Buddhism is already engaged. If it is not, it is not Buddhism.” Walpola Rahula: “Buddhism is based on service to others”…political and social engagement is the “heritage of the bhikkhu” and the essence of Buddhism. Robert Thurman: “The primary Buddhist position on social action is one of total activism, an unswerving commitment to complete self-transformation and complete world-transformation.” Stated in simplest terms, engaged Buddhism means the application of Buddhist teachings to contemporary social problems. Engaged Buddhism is a modern reformist movement. A practitioner is socially engaged “in a nonviolent way, motivated by concern for the welfare of others, and as an expression of one’s own practice of the Buddhist Way” (King Being 5). In this description Sallie B. King invokes the spirit of the Bodhisattva vow: May I attain Buddhahood for the benefit of all sentient beings. According to Ken Jones engaged Buddhism is “an explication of social, economic, and political processes and their ecological implications, derived from a Buddhist diagnosis of the existential human condition” (Kraft New). Jones emphasizes the social theory underlying engaged Buddhism. According to engaged Buddhists the “three poisons” of greed, anger and ignorance apply both to the individual and to “large-scale social and economic forces” (Kraft New); their remediation is therefore the collective concern of society. As the subject...
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...Annals of Tourism Research, Vol. 27, No. 2, pp. 345±370, 2000 Pergamon 5 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved Printed in Great Britain 0160-7383/00/$20.00 PII: S0160-7383(99)00073-0 CARIBBEAN CRUISE TOURISM Globalization at Sea Robert E. Wood Rutgers University-Camden, USA Abstract: Caribbean cruise tourism provides a particularly illuminating vantage point for understanding the processes of globalization in the world today. After documenting the rapid expansion of this business, the paper explores three central manifestations of globalization at work in the Caribbean cruise industry: the restructuring of the industry in the face of global competition, capital mobility, and labor migration; new patterns of global ethnic recruitment and strati®cation, including their incorporation into the product marketed to tourists; and deterritorialization, cultural theming, and simulation. The paper asserts that this ``globalization at sea'' illustrates the contradictions, ambiguities, and unchartered course of contemporary globalization processes. Keywords: globalization, tourism, cruise industry, Caribbean, migration, ethnicity. 5 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. ReÂsumeÂ: Le tourisme de croisiÁere aux CaraÈõbes: la globalisation en mer. Le tourisme de croisiÁere aux CaraÈõbes fournit un point de vue particuliÁerement appropriÂe pour comprendre le processus de globalisation dans le monde d'aujourd'hui. AprÁes avoir passÂe en revue la rapide expansion de ce...
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...Implications of the Turkmenistan-China Gas Pipeline Alex Goeman alextgoeman@gmail.com MC 492, Graham 4/26/2012 Abstract The struggle over energy export routes in Central Asia has taken the form of a new Great Game, one in which Western energy companies (encouraged and assisted by their governments) compete with state owned Russian and Chinese firms for the right to exploit Central Asian resources. The implementation of the Turkmenistan-China Gas Pipeline, which began to pump gas to China in 2010, has been the most significant development of the past five years and signals, more than any other event, the primacy of Chinese influence in the region. Turkmenistan now possesses the proven reserves and a partnership with China that could help it achieve sustainable development, although there are many domestic factors impeding this. As China increases its presence in the region, it seems that Russia and the West are being left behind in the race for Central Asian hydrocarbons. Executive Summary In the complex geopolitical environment of the Caspian region, all the players involved must carefully balance political and economic objectives. Each actor brings its own set of goals for the region, and in the case of the external actors these interests are generally in conflict. While Russia seeks to preserve its hegemony over export routes of Caspian hydrocarbons, Western governments overtly seek to undermine precisely this element of Russian influence. To the...
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...Introduction To Sociology II notes by Mutangi G T Sociology is the study of human social life. Because human social life is so expansive, sociology has many sub-sections of study, ranging from the analysis of conversations to the development of theories to try to understand how the entire world works. This chapter will introduce you to sociology and explain why it is important, how it can change your perspective of the world around you, and give a brief history of the discipline. History Sociology is a relatively new academic discipline. It emerged in the early 19th century in response to the challenges of modernity. Increasing mobility and technological advances resulted in the increasing exposure of people to cultures and societies different from their own. The impact of this exposure was varied, but for some people included the breakdown of traditional norms and customs and warranted a revised understanding of how the world works. Sociologists responded to these changes by trying to understand what holds social groups together and also explore possible solutions to the breakdown of social solidarity. Early Sociological Studies Early sociological studies considered the field to be similar to the natural sciences like physics or biology. As a result, many researchers argued that the methodology used in the natural sciences were perfectly suited for use in the social sciences, including Sociology. The effect of employing the scientific method and stressing empiricism was the...
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...Praise for The Spirit Catches You and You Fall Down “Fadiman describes with extraordinary skill the colliding worlds of Western medicine and Hmong culture.” —The New Yorker “This fine book recounts a poignant tragedy…It has no heroes or villains, but it has an abundance of innocent suffering, and it most certainly does have a moral…[A] sad, excellent book.” —Melvin Konner, The New York Times Book Review “An intriguing, spirit-lifting, extraordinary exploration of two cultures in uneasy coexistence…A wonderful aspect of Fadiman’s book is her even-handed, detailed presentation of these disparate cultures and divergent views—not with cool, dispassionate fairness but rather with a warm, involved interest that sees and embraces both sides of each issue…Superb, informal cultural anthropology—eye-opening, readable, utterly engaging.” —Carole Horn, The Washington Post Book World “This is a book that should be deeply disturbing to anyone who has given so much as a moment’s thought to the state of American medicine. But it is much more…People are presented as [Fadiman] saw them, in their humility and their frailty—and their nobility.” —Sherwin B. Nuland, The New Republic 3/462 “Anne Fadiman’s phenomenal first book, The Spirit Catches You and You Fall Down, brings to life the enduring power of parental love in an impoverished refugee family struggling to protect their seriously ill infant daughter and ancient spiritual traditions from the tyranny of welfare bureaucrats and intolerant...
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