...Megan Dotter Concept of Adaptation Aspects of Psychology SSCI206-1204B-04 Biological Influences IP Week 2 Abstract Teaching a class about the concept of adaptation to a psychology class, experiments could be conducted to help them learn what adaptation is all about. Firsthand knowledge is the best way to teach a large group of people about a concept they may otherwise not fully understand. In this paper you will see and read about some of the findings experienced during this time. Concept of Adaptation This is a new experience for me to teach a class anything so I will begin by giving the information the students should know about adaptation and the examples needed to ensure they understand. After completing that part of the presentation I think it may be beneficial for the students to learn by firsthand experience. There are a few experiments that could be very interesting for them to do on themselves and others. The concept of adaptation is defined as “Diminished sensitivity as a consequence of constant stimulation ("Psych m.d. –," )” or “The tendency of a sensory system to adjust as a result of repeated exposure to a specific type of stimulus such as low levels of light ("Psych m.d. –," ).” An easier way to understand the concept may be to call it sensory adaptation. This explains in the name alone that it will be dealing with the 5 senses we have. Included in these five senses are taste, touch, smell, sight and hearing. I will be touching base on each sense...
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...endeavors to give emphasis on contemporary nursing theories specifically focusing on a variety of aspects, such as definitions, concept statements, metaparadigms, philosophies, and conceptual models. Moreover, this paper also aims to tackle one particular nursing theory in relation to its application in practice. Contemporary Nursing Theories Early nursing theorists aimed in defining what is nursing; conversely, contemporary theorists discussed the metaparadigm concepts in more depth, gave high regard to nursing actions in particular, and attempted to provide the rationale about when is nursing necessary (Daniels, 2004). The works of contemporary theorists like Myra Levine, Dorothea Orem, and Sister Callista Roy as highlighted by Daniels (2004), serve as the theoretical basis for a variety of interventions in current nursing practice. Core Concepts In the theories formulated by Sister Callista Roy, which is known as the adaptation theory and in the -self-care theory by Dorothea Orem, the concepts given emphasis pertain to Man, Health, the Environment, and Nursing (Timby, 2009). Man Man as defined by Dorothea Orem in her self-care theory, is “an individual who utilizes self-care to sustain life and health, recover from disease or injury, or cope with its effects” (Timby, 2009, p. 7). On the contrary, according to Sister Callista Roy in her adaptation...
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...Daegling Discussions on evolution have been invaded with the concepts of “adaptation” and “fitness” since the introduction of the Darwin-Wallace natural selection theory. However, pinning down exactly what these concepts mean serves to be more difficult than anticipated. The terms are indisputably related, and they are often conflated to have the same meaning. (Campbell 1) This is unfortunate for those who wish to explain these terms as conceptually separate ideas, as Campbell (1983) attempts to do in her paper. In this paper, I will attempt to communicate my own thoughts on the meaning of fitness and adaptation as separate (yet associated) ideals. I will...
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...Running head: THE CONCEPT OF ADAPTATION 1 Sensory Adaptation Experiment Aspects of Psychology American InterContinental University November 20, 2013 THE CONCEPT OF ADAPTATION 2 Process and Results of Each Experiment Experiment 1 with Sandpaper- After rubbing my index finger on the very coarse sandpaper a few times, I would rate the coarseness on a scale of 7 (very coarse). This experiment gave me a tingling feeling in my finger. After a minute or so from resting my index finger, I ran the same index finger on the sandpaper and found that it wasn’t as coarse as the first time. I would rate its coarseness at a 3 which led my finger to not react to the paper as much as the first time. So I feel that my senses adapted to the coarseness of the sandpaper. Experiment 2 with Sugar Water and Fresh Water- I took one cup and put two teaspoons of sugar in with fresh water and stirred it. In the second cup I only put fresh water in it. I then took the cup with sugar water in it and took a sip and swished it around in my mouth. I noticed that I could feel my taste buds were stimulating but after a few seconds they became less stimulated. When I had tasted the fresh water and swished it around, I noticed that I tasted a hint of salt. It surprised me because I wasn’t expecting to taste salt beings...
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...of theories in the field of nursing also which are used to support practice and decision making. In this regard, Viki Burges writes, “The application of individual nursing practice is based on a combination of scientific, medical, philosophical, psychological, sociological, and nursing theories. There is no one theory that fits every situation, area of practice or practitioner” (Burges, 2009). There are a number of grand theories in nursing of which one is the Roy adaptation model. This model was developed by Sister Callista Roy as a framework for theory, practice, and research in nursing. An important fundamental assumption in the Roy Adaptation model is that the person is a bio-psycho-social being who is in constant interaction with a changing environment. Despite being considered a complex model, it has been used widely and several research studies have highlighted its importance and effectiveness in health care settings. Basic Assumptions of the Roy Adaptation Model: The basic assumptions of the Roy Adaptation model have been discussed below: * The person is a bio-psycho-social being who interacts constantly with a changing environment (MJC, 2012). * A person uses both innate and acquired mechanisms that are biological, psychological and social in origin to adapt to a changing world. * A person should adapt to respond positively to the environmental changes. * Integration of human and environment meanings...
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...Running head: ROY’S ADAPTATION MODEL Nursing theory is an organized framework of concepts that are designed to guide nursing practice and provide a foundation for clinical decision-making. There are many different types of nursing theories. This present paper will focus on one of the Grand theories, the Roy Adaptation model (RAM). The paper is divided into four main sections focusing on the importance of the RAM; summary of key concepts; view of RAM on specialization; and conclusion. There has been an evolution of nursing practice from when Florence Nightingale started. Nurses used to take direct medical direction to an evolution of independence. Today, advanced practice nurses are PHD, DNP, researchers, nurse practitioners, leadership positions in health care organizations, and education . The independence of the nursing profession has occurred in part due to an evolution of nursing theories. The importance of the nursing theories is that they provide framework for nursing practice. There are more than thirty different theorists who have helped contribute to the process. Broadly, these thirty theories can be divided into three major categories Grand theory, Middle theory, and practice. The present paper focuses on the Roy Adaptation Model (RAM) of the Grand Theory. This was chosen as it approaches the care of the patient using a scientific and holistic approach, which aligns with my personal practice as a nurse and belief system. Initially, this model was considered...
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...defined and even touches on how principles of nursing and how the basis of nursing and how it can be improved. In the nursing, there are many theories in nursing but in our case we will only touch on Grand theory and Middle range theory. These two theories are very vast when it comes to nursing and we need to divulge some details as we go on. Grand theory: Adaptation concept and Behavior concept This is a very broad theory that does not intend to achieve a certain goal, or we can also state that this theory is composed of concepts that represent global or wide and extremely complex phenomena. It is actually the widest in the scope and also it represents the most abstract in nursing in which several things are checked and tested. Generally a grand theory is not intended for the formation for the particular nursing fields but rather provides a general for structuring broad ideas in nursing. Orem self-care deficit theory of nursing is a good example of Grand theory. There are concepts that have been confirmed to under grand theory. The concepts are different but they are under Grand theory. What are concepts of grand theory in nursing? There are several and we will be looking at them....
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...Importance of Theory Paper Laura A. Novascone Chamberlain College of Nursing Instructor Jodi Protokowicz 7/16/15 A nursing theory provides a view or window into the reality of nursing (CCN, 2015). Nursing theories are basic concepts that define nursing practice and provide the explanation to why nurses do what they do. I have given no thought to the use of nursing theory until taking this nursing class and this assignment is proving very difficult to follow. I have utilized nursing theory in my everyday work of nursing. A nurse will use multiple nursing theories during the scope of their day. These theories guide how nurses treat their patients, how tasks are performed and assessments or interventions are carried out. Critical thinking skills start by studying nursing theory. Nursing theory is theoretical practices to gain insight and knowledge on a particular concept. The theory I have selected to use is the Roy adaptation model which is a grand theory. The purpose of this assignment is to identify a nursing theory which is the Roy adaptation theory, analyze the importance of the selected theory to the nursing profession and summarize key concepts and relationships among the concepts of the selected nursing theory. I will analyze how the Roy Adaptation Theory relates to nursing education. Importance of Nursing Theory Nursing theories were developed to help define the unique practice of nursing as its own separate profession. If it wasn’t for early theorists like Florence...
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...Psychology p.1 Psychology Experiments Psychology p.2 Abstract I have just been asked to teach the concept of adaptation to a psychology class. I will conduct three experiments for this. Then I will write a paper that describes adaption and how I experienced it in my experiments. The paper will cover the following. I will fully describe process and results of the experiments that I chose. I will also answer what is sensory adaptation. Then I will explain the concept of sensory adaptation, and refer to my text for the definition of sensory adaptation. Next I will explain how adaptation is evident in each of my experimental results. I will provide a comprehensive description of the sensory systems that are involved in the experiments that I performed. This description will include what happens from the receptors to the brain. My discussion will illustrate what was experienced in each experiment. Finally I will discuss how adaptation is important from an evolutionary perspective. Psychology p.3 There are three experiments I will conduct and they are as fallows. Experiment 1: Rub your index fingers gently over a piece of very coarse sandpaper a few times and rate its coarseness on a scale from 1 (very soft) to 7 (very coarse). After a minute or two, rub the same finger over the paper and again rate its coarseness. Did your perception of the coarseness change? How? Record your reaction. In experiment 2 we will Prepare one cup with sugar water and one with fresh...
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...the same meanings; however, they play the important role of explaining the key concepts and principles of nursing practice in understanding way. Dorothy Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Theory and Sister Callista Roy’s Adaptation Model are considered as grand nursing theories. The grand nursing theories are a conceptual model, which identifies the focal point of nursing inquiry and guide the development of mid-range theories that will become useful to nurses and also to other health professionals. According to Walker and Avant (2011), these theories contributed in “conceptually sorting the nursing from the practice of medicine by demonstrating the presence of distinct nursing perspectives.” In this essay, Orem’s Health Care Deficit Theory and Sister Callista Roy’s Adaptation Model are compared and analyzed for their importance in nursing. Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Theory Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Theory is one of three grand theories written by Dorothea E. Orem. According to Orem, nursing becomes necessary when an individual can no longer care for him or herself. Nursing provides care through acting, guiding, supporting, teaching, and environmental manipulation promoting personal development. Orem developed this theory from her experience and personal connection with the Vincentian-Louisiana nursing tradition of the Daughters of Charity (Libster, 2008.) Roy’s Adaptation Model Roy’s Adaptation Model provides the framework for nurses by viewing the adaptability of...
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...Nursing Philosophy and Comparison Paper A Comparison of Personal Philosophy and Sr. Callista Roy’s Adaptation Model September 14, 2011 Nursing Philosophy and Comparison Paper A Comparison of Personal Philosophy and Sr. Callista Roy’s Adaptation Model A personal philosophy is what one values for themselves as human beings. It reflects the many faceted realities of their self-concept and is influenced by: culture, spirituality, morals, values, and belief concepts. The relevance of one’s personal philosophy to nursing is significant. One’s philosophy directly affects the interpersonal relationship and care given to patients. For the purpose of this paper, the author will reflect and incorporate her nursing philosophy with the four nursing metaparadigms: person, environment, health and nursing, with the Roy Adaptation Model (RAM) and compare similarities’ and differences. Personal Philosophy The author’s personal philosophy is seeded in spirituality and seeing the world as interconnected with a divine source where all things are possible. She attempts to integrate the core concepts of her philosophy: intuition, altruism, holism, empathy, knowledge, compassion and advocacy into the nursing process. The author will define and demonstrate her nursing philosophy as applied to the metaparadigms. The person is viewed as a unique individual and energetic being (spirit) within a physical and integrated body system connected to a higher supreme source; environment:...
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...the Roy Adaptation Model: Last 25 Years Nursing Science Quarterly 24(4) 312–320 © The Author(s) 2011 Reprints and permission: sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav DOI: 10.1177/0894318411419218 http://nsq.sagepub.com Callista Roy, PhD; RN; FAAN1 Abstract Two key events lead to the prominence of links among Roy’s grand theory, derived middle-range theories and the design of research. The author in this column describes this work in two formats. Essential details of two areas of research are presented in episodic form—the first is work on secondary analysis of Roy model-based research over 40 years and the author’s study of persons’ cognitive recovery from mild head injury.The second is a project on re-conceptualizing coping and adaptation processing in sequential detail within the context of work in the field and the significance of on-going work for nursing practice. Keywords adaptation, coping, middle-range theory, research, Roy adaptation model The story of research based on the Roy adaptation model (RAM) can be told in many ways. When asked to write about research based on the RAM in the past 25 years I considered the major events of those years and also how to organize a description of the resulting research. First, I considered that it was 20 years ago that the first group presented a synthesis and critique of studies based on the RAM by five different investigators (Pollock et al., 1991). This was the beginning of the Roy Adaptation Association...
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...have the same meanings; however, they play the important role of explaining the key concepts and principles of nursing practice in understanding way. Dorothy Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Theory and Sister Callista Roy’s Adaptation Model are considered as grand nursing theories. The grand nursing theories are a conceptual model, which identifies the focal point of nursing inquiry and guide the development of mid-range theories that will become useful to nurses and also to other health professionals. According to Walker and Avant (2011), these theories contributed in “conceptually sorting the nursing from the practice of medicine by demonstrating the presence of distinct nursing perspectives.” In this essay, Orem’s Health Care Deficit Theory and Sister Callista Roy’s Adaptation Model are compared and analyzed for their importance in nursing. Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Theory Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Theory is one of three grand theories written by Dorothea E. Orem. According to Orem, nursing becomes necessary when an individual can no longer care for him or herself. Nursing provides care through acting, guiding, supporting, teaching, and environmental manipulation promoting personal development. Orem developed this theory from her experience and personal connection with the Vincentian-Louisiana nursing tradition of the Daughters of Charity (Libster, 2008.) Roy’s Adaptation Model Roy’s Adaptation Model provides the framework for...
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...(Baumberger-Henry, 2003; Campbell, 2004), enhance students’ participation in class discussions. Conceptual models of nursing provide a unique body of knowledge that can be used to guide construction of case studies and enhance application of didactic course content to nursing practice. Students tend to undervalue the contributions of a nursing conceptual model to guide practice. By integrating a nursing conceptual model into the organization of course content and construction of case studies, students are exposed to how conceptual models can guide nursing practice. The purpose of this column is to explore the use of case studies for a senior level medical-surgical nursing course constructed within the context of the Roy adaptation model. Roy Adaptation Model The Roy adaptation model is a conceptual model of nursing that provides a solid foundation for nursing practice (Roy & Andrews, 1999). The philosophical and scientific assumptions of Roy’s model assert that the person is a holistic Nursing Science Quarterly, Vol. 20 No. 4, October 2007, 324-326 DOI: 10.1177/0894318407307159 © 2007 Sage Publications...
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...researcher, teacher and member of a religious community. She currently holds the position of professor and nurse theorist at Boston College Connell School of Nursing. As a researcher some of her research interests are conceptualizing and measuring coping, basis of adaptation nursing, implications of individual and common good for clinical nursing, and emerging nursing knowledge and practice outcome. She developed the Adaptation Model of Nursing in 1976. The theory was influenced by observations of practice; insights derived from existing theories and other literature sources. After working with Dorothy E Johnson, Roy’s mentor during her graduate nursing education, she encouraged Roy to develop her thoughts on adaptation into conceptual framework for nursing. Roy becomes convinced of the importance of describing the nature of nursing as a service to society. This prompted her to begin her model with goal of nursing being to promote adaptation. Roy’s model was conceived when nursing theorist Dorothy Johnson challenged her students during a seminar to develop conceptual model of nursing. Johnson’s nursing model was the impetus/motivation for the development of Roy’s adaptation model. Roy’s model incorporated concepts from Adaptation – Level – Theory of Perception from renowned American physiological psychologist Harry Helson, Ludwig von Bertalanffy’s system model and Anatol Rapoport’s system definition (nurseslabs.com). Roy combines Helson’s work with Rapoport’s definition of system and...
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