...England? 1800: Jan First soup kitchens to relieve hungry poor in London Autumn Robert owen begins philanthropic reform for workers employed in his mills at New Lanark Maria Edgeworth publishes Castle Rackrent, one of the earliest historical novels 1801 Steam carriae of Richard Trevithick carries road passengers at Camborne, Cornwall 1802 June 22 Health and Morals of Apprentices Act, first protective factory legislation, no children under 9 in mills,maximum 12-hour day for children Madame Tussaud mounts the first waxwork exhibition in Lyceum Hall, London Chalotte Dundas, a wooden ship with a single paddle-wheel, covers 20 miles of the Forth and clyde Canal, the world's first steam vessel. 1805 October 21 Battle of Trafalgar, Nelso defeats Franco-Spanish fleet, but is mortally wounded. 1807 Mar 25 Slave Trade abolished in all British possessions June 4 Federick Winsor illuminates part of pall Mall with gas lighting. 1811 Regency Act in favour of Prince of Wales because of George III's insanity. Mar organised machine-breaking (Luddism) in Nottingham Jane Austen publishes Sense and Sensibility Fashionable women reject tight corsets and petticoats 1812 Mar Publication of first 2 cantos of Byron's Childe Harold's Pilgrimage causes sensation: "I woke one morning and found myself famous" autumn Countess Lieven, wife of russian ambasador, introduces waltz to London 1813 Jane Austen publishes Pride and Prejudice Smooth-wheeled steam locomotive Puffing Billy...
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...significance. The next stop on his tour of the Old World was Switzerland after arriving there he spent the month of June. The third destination of his trip was Paris, France where he was to stay for the month of July. The final stop on this tour of the Old World was the United Kingdom namely England and Scotland. Emerson, R. W. (1959). After Emerson’s trip of Mediterranean and European areas he again endured another month at sea, back to Boston. Here he spent most of his time with his brothers, mother, and a few of his closest friends. It was during time of his life and career that he was invited to speak at one of his first lectures, addressing the Boston Natural Historical Society. Here is where Emerson went from pulpit to pulpit in his life long journey for truth. Emerson, R. W. (1959). It is this section of Emerson’s life that intrigues me the most. Our journeys almost mirror one another, or better yet mine mirrors his because he came first. I too took...
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...Thesis Statement: Henry David Thoreau is one of the pioneers of Transcendentalism, and his famous work, Civil Disobedience has great effect on Mahatma Gandhi’s ideology and movement which drives the India for independence. Outline 1. Introduction 1. Brief introduction of Henry David Thoreau 2. Brief introduction of Mahatma Gandhi 2. Writing background and cores of Civil Disobedience 2.1 Writing background 2.2 Cores of Civil Disobedience 2.2.1 Conscience of human 2.2.2 Effect of morality 2.2.3 Suspicion of American’s democracy 2.3.4 In-cooperation with government 3. Embodiment on Mahatma Gandhi 3.1 Effect on Gandhi’s ideology 3.1.1 Works of Gandhi 3.1.2 Speeches of Gandhi 3.2 Effect on Gandhi’s movement 3.2.1 Gandhi in South Africa 3.2.2 Gandhi in India 4. Conclusion 1. Introduction 1.1 Brief introduction of Henry David Thoreau Henry David Thoreau was one of the most famous writers, naturalist, philosophers, abolitionists, and the pioneers of Transcendentalism in America in 19 century. He was born in Concord, Massachusetts, 1817. Thoreau met Ralph Waldo Emerson when he studied in university. And he was deeply influenced by Emerson who advocated that man should be true to himself and close to nature. Emerson was not only a friend but also a teacher to Thoreau. They had edited the journal Sundial together. Thoreau graduated from Harvard College in 1837 and worked as...
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...real essence of the term. However, there is also another definition that gathers this essence: American Literature is the one that represents the Americanism, the singularity of the USA philosophy and culture. This way, instead of focusing on who the author is, it is focused on the content of the writing. In that which concerns Fiction, the following documents are the ones considered as narrative: Speeches Letters Short Stories Essays Political Documents Sermons Novels Diaries 1 FIRST LITERARY EXPRESSIONS The first documents in which the idea of Americanism is very present are the Sermons. They respond to the strict Protestantism settled in the New Continent after the arrival of the Pilgrim Fathers and Puritans in the Mayflower (1620) and the Arabella (1630). They established a theocratic community whose main and only point of reference was the Bible. That is why the idea of the ‘city upon a hill’ is still very present in American mentality. As we all know, their community was also governed by the concept of Predestination. This belief was based in the idea that we are saved or condemned since the very moment we are born or even, since the very moment when the Universe was created. Therefore, the way they confronted Good and Evil was that of effect-cause: if you are one of those who were going to be saved you certainly behaved as they were...
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...THE CONCEPT OF ANGER IN ENGLISH AND LITHUANIAN AND ITS TRANSLATION MASTER THESIS Research Adviser: Dr. L. Stankevicien_ CONTENTS Introduction ………………………………………………………………………………………3 I. The Review on the Emotion Lexis Research ……………………………………………….….6 II. Linguistic Expression of the Concept and Principles of Its Contrastive Analysis……………12 1. Concept as an Object of Cognitive Linguistics ………………………………………...12 2. Specifity of Emotion Concepts …………………………………………………………16 3. Cognitive Theory of Metaphor and Its Application in Comparative Researches……….19 III. The Levels of the Analysis of the Concept of Anger and the Peculiarities of Its Translation……………………………………………………………………………………….25 1. Lexicographical Level…………………………………………………………………...25 2. The Level of Scenario of Prototypical Situation………………………………………...33 2.1. The Cause of Anger……………………………………………………………...34 2.2. The Manifestation of Anger……………………………………………………...37 2.3. The Attempt at Controlling Anger……………………………………………….42 2.4. The Loss of Control……………………………………………………………...45 2.5. The Retribution…………………………………………………………………..49 3. The Level of Conceptual Metaphors and the Peculiarities of Translation of the Concept of Anger…………………………………………………………………………………….50 3.1. ANGER IS A HOT FLUID IN A CONTAINER ……………………………….53 3.2. ANGER IS HEAT……………………………………………………………….58 3.3. ANGER IS FIRE………………………………………………………………...60 3.4. ANGER IS A LIVING BEING………………………………………………….63 3.5. ANGER IS AN OPPONENT IN A STRUGGLE……………………………….65 3.6. ANGER...
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...New Nationalism and Teddy Roosevelt: The new ideals of federal intervention, social justice and economic welfare for the Nation. Abstract In 1901 when President McKinley was assassinated, Roosevelt confronted sentiment, especially from the older members of the Republican Party, that he was not the right person to lead the country, often referring to him as “His Accidency.” Roosevelt was interested in quickly changing the mood of the country and establishing his legitimacy to his new position. He did so by introducing a “New Nationalist” form of Progressivism. When Roosevelt was sworn in, the Progressive Party had already been developing and growing since the end of the 19th century. It advocated for reforms and the lead of the government in changing society’s problems in response to socio-economic and political imbalances. Such thinking was a radical change in the country’s mindset, with earlier efforts supporting private efforts to solve the nation’s ills. The Progressive party had a broad platform, but the overall goal was for government to implement and lead efforts to alter societal inequalities. The Progressives called for eliminating corruption in the federal government as well as supporting a social welfare program, the women’s vote, penal system reform, and prohibition. Although the issue of civil rights for African-Americans was of concern of some members, this issue was not formally included in any of the Progressive party’s literature. With the support of...
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...(1840—1860). Although the two had surface similarities, such as their reverence for Nature, their founding beliefs were quite different, enough to make one seem almost the antithesis of each other. Moreover one’s genesis is ventured out from other; i.e. Dark Romanticism from the roots of Transcendentalism or precisely the lacunae are best determined for raising up the term called Dark Romanticism. Contents S. No. Page no. Chapter 1.........................................................................................................4-14 Chapter 2.........................................................................................................15-23. Chapter 3..........................................................................................................24-27 Resolution.........................................................................................................28-29 Work Cited........................................................................................................30 Bibliography......................................................................................................31 Chapter one Transcendentalism Transcendentalism became one of the most subtly influential trends in nineteenth-century America, never a truly organized body of thought, and characterized by...
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...Answer ALL the questions. Start EACH section on a NEW page. Rule off after each section. Number the answers correctly according to the numbering system used in this question paper. Leave a line after each answer. Pay special attention to spelling and sentence construction. Use the following time frames as a guideline: SECTION A: 50 minutes SECTION B: 25 minutes SECTION C: 45 minutes 10. Write neatly and legibly. (30) (10) (30) 7. 8. 9. Copyright reserved Please turn over English Home Language/P1 3 NSC DBE/Feb. – Mar. 2011 SECTION A: COMPREHENSION QUESTION 1: READING FOR MEANING AND UNDERSTANDING Read TEXTS A, B and C below and answer the set questions. TEXT A UBUNTU FOR BEGINNERS by Sam Wilson 1 I studied constitutional law at university, when our transitional constitution was just up and running. 'Nifty, but tricky,' I remember whispering to my friend Amanda as I nudged her awake in a lecture. 'What do you think that means? How's that going to 5 work?' As I was soon to discover then – and to have had underlined for me over the past decade – there are few concepts as hard to nail down as ubuntu. There are those who think of ubuntu as simple community-mindedness. Then there are those who think of it in very individualistic terms … a 'do unto others' kind of approach. Still others jump on such a construction, 10 demanding to know who the heck 'the others' are and how you...
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...LIFE OF MONTAIGNE [This is translated freely from that prefixed to the 'variorum' Paris edition, 1854, 4 vols. 8vo. This biography is the more desirable that it contains all really interesting and important matter in the journal of the Tour in Germany and Italy, which, as it was merely written under Montaigne's dictation, is in the third person, is scarcely worth publication, as a whole, in an English dress.] The author of the Essays was born, as he informs us himself, between eleven and twelve o'clock in the day, the last of February 1533, at the chateau of St. Michel de Montaigne. His father, Pierre Eyquem, esquire, was successively first Jurat of the town of Bordeaux (1530), Under-Mayor 1536, Jurat for the second time in 1540, Procureur in 1546, and at length Mayor from 1553 to 1556. He was a man of austere probity, who had "a particular regard for honour and for propriety in his person and attire . . . a mighty good faith in his speech, and a conscience and a religious feeling inclining to superstition, rather than to the other extreme."[Essays, ii. 2.] Pierre Eyquem bestowed great care on the education of his children, especially on the practical side of it. To associate closely his son Michel with the people, and attach him to those who stand in need of assistance, he caused him to be held at the font by persons of meanest position; subsequently he put him out to nurse with a poor villager, and then, at a later period, made him accustom himself to the most common sort...
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...Globalization has indeed brought a lot changes in the International System which does constitute smaller actors like those from the third world countries especially Africa. Globalization can be said to be a unitarization factor of the world hence making the world look like one whole entity. Globalization has both positive and negative impacts to Africa as a continent. It is no doubt that globalization has promoted greater respect for human rights, democracy, liberalized trading, technology, and contributed to the development of African press. This has strongly opened African countries to far greater scrutiny than in the past, making life hard for African governments to get away with excessive and blatant abuses of democratic leadership governance and transparency. Moreover, the technological revolution presupposes the free movement of goods, information, and people across national boundaries. It has an effect on employment patterns worldwide by the contribution to a great deal of outsourcing which is one of the best organizational and industry structure shifts these changes the way business operates. Further, Globalization is changing organizational structures where expenses can move up or down as the business climate dictates. In terms of positive economic opportunities globalization is the establishment of new economic opportunities for corporations, small businesses, through the access to global markets. Kenya has benefited from globalization by increasing the share of exports...
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...relations, the change from feudal to bourgeois ownership, escalating class-struggle, liberation movement and contradictions of the bourgeois society found their reflection in lit-re. The main representatives of this period is: John Milton: was born in London&educated at Christ’s College. He lived a pure life believing that he had a great purpose to complete. At college he was known as the The Lady of Christ’s. he Got master’s degree at Cambridge. It’s convenient to consider his works in 3 divisions. At first he wrote his short poems at Horton. (The Passion, Song on May Morning, L’Allegro). Then he wrote mainly prose. His 3 greatest poems belong to his last group. At the age of 23 he had still done little in life&he admits this in one of his sonnets. (On his 23d B-day) In his another sonnet he wrote on his own blindness. (On his Blindness) Milton wrote diff. kinds of works. His prose works were mainly concerned with church, affairs, divorce & freedom. The English civil war between Charles I & Parliament followed by the 2nd civil war, 1641-1651. During these years Milton worked hard at his pamphlets, supported Cromwell (also wrote a sonnet “to Cromwell”). He wrote many journalistic works were he stood for the ideas of revolution. His most famous treatis is “the doctrine and discipline of Areopagitica”. He became unpopular when Charles II was made king in 1660, but it...
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...Essays Essays Part II. 2, 2.] Part II. 2, 2.] Essays The Project Gutenberg EBook of Essays, by Ralph Waldo Emerson This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.net Title: Essays Author: Ralph Waldo Emerson Editor: Edna H. L. Turpin Release Date: September 4, 2005 [EBook #16643] Language: English Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 *** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK ESSAYS *** 1 Essays Produced by Curtis A. Weyant , Sankar Viswanathan and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net ESSAYS BY RALPH WALDO EMERSON Merrill's English Texts SELECTED AND EDITED, WITH INTRODUCTION AND NOTES, BY EDNA H.L. TURPIN, AUTHOR OF "STORIES FROM AMERICAN HISTORY," "CLASSIC FABLES," "FAMOUS PAINTERS," ETC. NEW YORK CHARLES E. MERRILL CO. 1907 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION LIFE OF EMERSON CRITICAL OPINIONS CHRONOLOGICAL LIST OF PRINCIPAL WORKS THE AMERICAN SCHOLAR COMPENSATION SELF RELIANCE FRIENDSHIP HEROISM MANNERS GIFTS NATURE SHAKESPEARE; OR, THE POET PRUDENCE CIRCLES NOTES PUBLISHERS' NOTE Merrill's English Texts 2 Essays 3 This series of books will include in complete editions those masterpieces of English Literature that are best adapted for the use of schools and colleges. The editors of the several volumes will...
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...of Activities in the Classroom Incorporation of activities into lesson plans is critical to the successful implementation of the Louisiana Comprehensive Curriculum. The Comprehensive Curriculum indicates one way to align instruction with Louisiana standards, benchmarks, and grade-level expectations. The curriculum is aligned with state content standards, as defined by grade-level expectations (GLEs), and organized into coherent, time-bound units with sample activities and classroom assessments to guide teaching and learning. The units in the curriculum have been arranged so that the content to be assessed will be taught before the state testing dates. While teachers may substitute equivalent activities and assessments based on the instructional needs, learning styles, and interests of their students, the Comprehensive Curriculum should be a primary resource when planning instruction. Grade level expectations—not the textbook—should determine the content to be taught. Textbooks and other instructional materials should be used as resource in teaching the grade level expectations. Lesson plans should be designed to introduce students to one or more of the activities, to provide background information and follow-up, and to prepare students for success in mastering the Grade-Level Expectations associated with the activities. Lesson plans should address individual needs of students and...
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...acaDemy Class 9 NCO, NSO, IMO, IEO Sample Paper 2014 careers 360 A Career is a Life NatioNal DefeNce acaDemy CLASS SAMPLE PAPER 2014-15 SYLLABUS 9 The actual test paper has 50 questions. Time allowed : 60 minutes. There are 4 sections: 10 questions in section I, 10 in section II, 25 in section III and 5 in section IV. Section – I (Mental Ability) : Number Systems, Polynomials, Coordinate Geometry, Linear Equations in Two Variables, Introduction to Euclid’s Geometry, Lines and Angles, Triangles, Quadrilaterals, Areas of Parallelograms and Triangles, Circles, Constructions, Heron’s Formula, Surface Areas and Volumes, Statistics, Probability. Section – II (Logical and Analytical Reasoning) : Problems Based on Figures, Odd One Out, Series Completion, Coding-Decoding, Mathematical Reasoning, Analytical Reasoning, Mirror Images, Embedded Figures, Direction Sense Test, Cubes and Dice. Section – III (Computers and IT) : Algorithms and Flowcharts in Programming, Visual Basic, Animations, HTML, Internet and Viruses, MS-Word, MS-Excel, MS-PowerPoint, Hardware, Software, Input & Output Devices, Memory & Storage Devices, Flash, Networking, Latest Developments in the field of IT. Section – IV (Achievers Section ) : Syllabus as per section III. Questions are based on Windows 7 and MS-Office 2010. The actual test paper has 50 questions. Time allowed : 60 minutes. There are 3 sections: 15 questions in section I, 30 in section II and 5 in section III. SYLLABUS Section – I (Mental...
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...Vocabulary 2 Reading Comprehension 3 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. oligarchy citizen democracy constitution state two basic levels; certain decisions; only the federal government; each of the states Federalism is a system of government in which power is divided between a central government and several regional, or state, governments. 1. Population; the people who live within the boundaries of the state 2. Territory; land with known and recognized boundaries 3. Sovereignty; the supreme and absolute power within a state’s territory to decide its own foreign and domestic policies 4. Government; the institution through which society makes and enforces public policies 5. Force theory; the state was born of force, when one person or a small group gained control over people in an area and forced them to submit to that person’s or group’s rule. 6. Evolutionary theory; the state evolved from early families that united to form clans. Later, clans united to form tribes. As tribes settled into agricultural groups over time, they formed states. 7. Divine right theory; God created the state and gave a chosen few the right to rule. 8. Social contract theory; people voluntarily agreed to create a state and give to the government just enough power to promote the safety and well-being of all. Government exists to serve the will of the people, and the people are the sole source of political power. Chapter Outline 2 I. Section 1: Government and the State ...
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