...000 Road 2,700,000 Sale preparation & admin 945,000 Excavator piling 1,200,000 Broadcast burning 2,287,500 Site preparation 1,162,500 Planting costs 1,800,000 EBIT $22,505,250 Taxes 7,876,838 Net income (OCF) $14,628,413 Present Value of first harvest PV = $14,628,413/(1 + .0608)20 PV= $4,496,956 40 year interest rate 40-year project interest rate = [(1 + .0608)40] – 1 40-year project interest rate = 958.17% 40 year interest rate for Conservation fund 40-year conservation interest rate = [(1 + .0659)40] – 1 40-year conservation interest rate = 1,183.87% Present Value of thinning PV= $9,000,000/9.8517 PV= $939,286.45 Operating cash flow for 40 year harvest: $14,482,163 PV= [($14,628,413/9.5817)] / (1 + .0608)20 PV = $469,325.52 Present Value of Conservation PV = –$162,500 –$162,500/11.8387 PV= –$176.226.22 Value of Conservation today PV= –$176,226.22/(1+ .0659)20 PV = –$49,182.52 NPV for 40 year harvest NPV = $4,496,956 + 939,286.45 + 469,325.52 – 49,182.52 NPV = $5856385.29 45 year Harvest Revenue = [∑(% of grade)(harvest per acre)(value of board grade)](acres harvested)(1 –...
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...1. A. Soil Formation Weathering break up the surface of parent rocks into small particles. Air and water enter the spaces between the particles and chemical changes take pace which resut in the production of chemical substances. Bacteria and plant life soon appear. When plant and animal organisms die, they decay and produce a substance called humus. This is very important to so fertility. Bacteria play a vital role into the decomposition of plants and animals remains. The end product of these mechanical, chemical, and biological processes is called soil which is one of the world’s most important natural resources. B. Composition of Soil All soil contain mineral matter, organic matter, air, water and living organisms, especially bacteria. If any one of these is seriously reduced in amount, or removed frm a soil, ten the soil deteriorates. Soil is an important component of the physical environment of many ecosystem. The main components of a typical soild can be divided into two: Organic components and Inorganic components. Organic Components - include include living organism such as baceteria and fungi which serve as the decomposers;a very important parts of the recycling and decay processes. It also include many invertebrates animal such as insects and worms. Finally, there are many plants or parts and worms. Finally, there are many plants or parts of palnts such as roots and seeds. Inorganic compoents – Inorganic components include mineral, water and air. Soil...
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...Portfolio Analysis: The Market Position Juanita Williams American Intercontinental University August 30, 2015 Dr. Christopher Miller Portfolio Analysis: The Market Position The decision making process among hospitals are very complex, therefore, it has become more prevalent to use a portfolio analysis in there strategic planning process. The portfolio analysis will help any organization address some of the obstacles they face such as the appropriateness and measurement of growth (McCain, 1987). It is an important aspect of evaluating when the organization has the idea to start a new project or not. In he portfolio analysis the services and products are being analyzed in relation to the market growth and the market share (AIU, 2015). It is best to know who your biggest competitors are and also know who holds the biggest share of the market. Once this is known then these should be compared to all other competitors and see what the market growth is. Health care organizations will use the portfolio analysis not only to look in to their services and products provided, but into all of the organization’s department. We will take a look at how the Sisters of Charity Hospital can use a portfolio analysis within their market for growth. The hospital is located in Columbia, South Carolina as well as Cleveland and Canton, Ohio. This organization provides many different services such as service for the elderly, blood conservatories...
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...allocation better for farmers who attach significant non-market values to their own crops. I extend the theoretical model in Arslan and Taylor (2008) to explain why the land allocation of such farmers may not respond to market signals even if transaction costs are not binding. I estimate the proportion of land subsistence maize farmers allocate to traditional versus modern maize varieties using nationally representative rural household data from Mexico – the center of diversity of maize. I conclude that shadow prices explain land allocation better than market prices and discuss the importance of non-market values in understanding both farmers' supply response and on-farm conservation of traditional crops with non-market values. Keywords: Land allocation, shadow prices, non-market values, traditional crops, on-farm conservation, Mexico JEL classification: O12, O13, Q12, Q39 Aslıhan Arslan Kiel Institute for the World Economy 24100 Kiel, Germany Telephone: (431) 881 4499 E-mail: aslihan.arslan@ifw-kiel.de * I thank to the Center on Rural Economies of the Americas and Pacific Rim (REAP) and Program for the Study of Economic Change and Sustainability in Rural Mexico (PRECESAM) for letting me use this unique data set. I also thank to J. Edward Taylor, Steve Boucher and Lovell S. Jarvis at the Department of...
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...Alejandro Portugal Martin Pretorius Iona Ramió Mateu OCEAN PARK CASE STUDY INTRODUCTION Ocean Park Hong Kong is a marine animal theme park located in the Southern District of Hong Kong. It was inaugurated in 1977 by the Government with the intention to bring somewhere where Hong Kong citizens could feel some sense of space as a large part of the population lived in a crowded locality. So it was inaugurated as a nonprofit organization that aimed to provide visitors a unique experience in entertainment, education, and conservation. Firstly, in the absence of competition, Ocean Park became really popular but existed without direction and focus. When Hong Kong's officials signed an agreement to bring Disneyland to Hong Kong in 1999, the Ocean Park's viability started to be questioned. By 2005, when Disneyland Hong Kong was inaugurated, Ocean Park was unprofitable and widely expected to lose out. Nevertheless, the Park responded with a development plan and showed their abilities for adaptation and turn threats into opportunities. It expanded the number of attractions and rides, raising the number of visitors, becoming the world's 13th most visited theme park and the largest ...
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...| Green Bank Report: Finding the best green banking deals and rates * Home * Eco-Friendly Banking * iPhone * Green Bank Deals * Credit Cards * Savings Rates * Checking Accounts * CD Rates What is the Meaning of Green Banking? Posted by Clark Schultz on Friday, September 10, 2010 · Leave a Comment Defining green banking is relatively easy. It means promoting environmental-friendly practices and reducing your carbon footprint from your banking activities. This comes in many forms. Using online banking instead of branch banking. Paying bills online instead of mailing them. Opening up CDs and money market accounts at online banks, instead of large multi-branch banks. Or finding the local bank in your area that is taking the biggest steps to support local green initiatives. Any combination of the above personal banking practices can help the environment. So this leads to the question, which banks are green. In general, online banks and smaller community banks have better track record than larger banks. For instance, take a look at the banks that British Petroleum has been reported to seek lines of credit from this past summer after the oil spill. Goldman Sachs (GS) Citigroup (C) JP Morgan (JPM) Bank of America (BAC) These banks have at least one thing in common. That is, they are all large billion-dollar asset banks. They are also in the group of banks that received TARP money in the government bank bailout program. In would seem common...
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...food policy tool of the federal government. The comprehensive omnibus bill is passed every 5 years or so by the United States Congress and deals with both agriculture and all other affairs under the purview of the United States Department of Agriculture. The bill covers is over 400 pages long and cover at least 10 different topics: Commodities, Conservation, Agricultural Trade and Aid, Nutrition, Farm Credit, Rural Development, Research, Forestry, Energy, and Miscellaneous (crop insurance, disaster assistance, etc). The bill is designed to be as fair and comprehensive as possible, however, there are still many problems and obstacles that the federal government must address and try to fix, if possible. One of the biggest issues facing the farm bill is the issue of crop insurance, especially in these uncertain economic times and ever changing climates. While the issue of crop insurance is a major topic several other topics also are of importance, such as, massive subsidies going to large farms does not address anti-competitive practices in agriculture, direct lending programs are failing many farmers, and limits such items as conservation technical assistance and protection of wetlands. These are all important issues to all farmers or some farmers. I will discuss the issues and some suggested solutions over the next several paragraphs. Crop insurance is a risk management tool that allows farmers to eliminate some of the risk due to crop failure. This could be because of floods...
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...glossary of Financial Management in Health Care Organizations as well as other outside sources as necessary in order to complete the tables in Parts I and II. Provide a definition in your own words for each term, as well as a real-world example. The examples need not be from the field of health care. Part I: The Four C’s Term Definition Real-world example Cost The cost Is the value of something The price of a dress, how much you paid for medication, the purchase of a home Capital Cash that is used for a investment Investment of a business, Cash Currency one gets from a bank, you have on hand when you don’t have a check. Also another name for money. Funds use to buy a home, car, business, clothes, medication, and personal use. Conservation Protection, change, restoration from loss, keeping the same value Like making wise investments Part II: The Five Pillars of Financial Practice Term Definition Real-world example Cash flows Amount of cash you have now, increase in cash It can be Outback, Myself, any business Maximizing behavior To reach the highest peak or goal Up the ticket prices for a any sports such as basketball, actors, models , employees Risk aversion To make a risky move in order to get a return or money back Lottery, world stock holder Time value of money Investment of some amount of today that is promise of the exact amount in the future. One who desire to exploit opportunities earn interest or returns, such as actors, Opportunity...
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...With changes needed, our society needs to confront the future development of sustainability in this country. We need modifications in our behaviors, institutions, and technologies. As defined by The United Nations (UN) sustainability is “development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generation to meet their own needs” As stated by The UN “This requires the integration of its economic, environmental and social components at all levels by continuous dialogue and action in global partnership.” We need to find a way to balance environmental goals, social goals and economic goals. The World Conservation Union says that we are currently out of balance and heavy in economic and social goals and deficient in realistic and working environmental goals. The World Conservation Union also remarks “development decisions by governments, businesses and other actors do allow trade-offs and put greatest emphasis on the economy above other dimensions of sustainability. This is a major reason why the environment continues to be degraded and development does not achieve desirable equity goals.” The report goes on to say that the integration of economic, environmental and social components cannot be treated equally because the economy is an institution that emerges from society and that they are virtually one. The same as society creates rules to mediate the exchange of goods or value. The environment on the other hand is not created by society and tradeoffs...
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...energy such as in the case with some of the CSR projects proposed to Sierra Nevada. This has led to many companies putting a bare minimum amount of investment into CSR projects – it simply isn’t as important as other factors that affect shareholder value. Instead of being aggressive in their CSR efforts, they simply respond to CSR issues that arise. As Vogel states in the CFO Magazine article, “it will always remain…marginal and secondary… [unless] articles about companies in the mainstream business press would regularly or even occasionally mention some aspect of CSR in terms of… understanding a company’s past or future performance.” 3. CSR is distracting. Companies need their cash for other projects and operations that they must deal with daily. If they are to also invest in CSR projects, less cash will be available to the company for these other projects. If a massive investment opportunity with a high ROI is presented to a CEO, in comparison to a CSR project with mediocre returns, more than likely the...
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...Basel-III urges banks to raise the quality of Capital to absorb unexpected losses, to reduce the chance of another financial crisis. Need arose due to : • The U S sub-prime crisis has highlighted the linkages of the main types of risks, especially Credit, Market & Liquidity risks and since then the need for strengthening the capital regime has emerged prominently. Important Points : ➢ Greater focus on “Common Equity” i.e. paid up capital, reserves, retained earnings etc. raising the minimum common equity requirements from the existing 2% of risk-weighted assets to 5.50% by 31st March,2018, and a capital conservation buffer of 2.50%, bring the total common equity requirements to 8% by 2018. ➢ The overall minimum Tier – I capital requirements, which includes common equity and other qualifying financial instruments (1.50%), will be 6% (without conservation buffer) by 2013 and 7% by 2015. ➢ The minimum total capital must be at least 9% of risk-weighted assets – however, what counts as core capital may impact the Indian banking Industry’s competitiveness significantly. ➢ Capital contingency planning under Basel - III’s “loss absorbency” requirement is...
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...Name: | Tashi Wangda | Enrollment No: | 200430 | Program/Section: | B.A. Environmental Studies | Submission Date: | 27/10/2015 | Module: | ES 111 | Module Tutor: | Nima Wangmo | | Academic Integrity and Anti-Plagiarism PledgeI hereby declare that this assignment is my own work and written in my own words. I have not copied from, or shared substantial information about, this assignment with any other student (except as required for group assignments). Use of Sources: As is expected in academic writing, I have read and studied source materials (articles, essays, news, books, magazines, journals, in print and electronic/internet forms) and I have used information and ideas from these sources to write this assignment. Quoting: In this assignment, any words that are not my own (that is, the few specific words or sentences that I have directly quoted from a source for emphasis) are clearly identified within the text of my essay with quotation marks (inverted commas) and in-text citations. Each and every quote has both an in-text citation and a complete end-of-text citation on my Reference List.Paraphrasing: Furthermore, I declare that any ideas from source materials that I have put into different words (paraphrased) and used in the writing of this assignment are clearly identified and acknowledged using both in-text citations and end-of-text citations on my Reference List. Citations and Reference List: I have made a sincere and honest effort to find and provide full and accurate...
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...Apply for time to ‘make good’. Policy and procedures to change work practices. Install water saving devices such as native plants, tank, dual flush toilet systems, and 5 stars (WELS) dishwasher. Banking risk – theft of cash left on premises – initially rated as medium. Insurance on ‘cash on premises’. Open an account with closest bank. Policy and procedure requirement to bank daily. 2. Implementation Manager’s travel risk – physical injury – initially rated as extreme. The weekly management meetings are finishing close to 3:00pm. The assistant management training has been shifted to the mornings allowing the manager to leave before 1:00PM. By-law Compliance risk – reputation/brand loss and fines – initially rated as high. An external audit was completed and presented to the board 6 months after settlement. The board and CEO included a new policy regarding compliance with the Toowoomba by-law on water conservation. The dual flush toilets are ordered and in stock. The 5 star rated (WELS) dishwasher was installed. The application to make-good by Goldsmith Partners on behalf of MacVille, was accepted by the Toowoomba City Council. A water tank had been built in to the courtyard. There is a weekly water usage monitor in the staff room Banking risk – theft of cash left on premises - initially rate as medium. The financial controller had taken out $5,000 the insurance cover...
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...Costa Rica’s dry tropical forests have been under siege since 2014 from loggers looking to cash in on skyrocketing demand for precious hardwoods, especially cocobolo (Dalbergia retusa), also known as tropical rosewood. The illegal logging of cocobolo and other precious hardwoods threatens Costa Rica’s famous but understaffed national parks as loggers look to protected areas as the last untapped source of valuable lumber for export. The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, or CITES, lists cocobolo under Appendix II — the same category as hammerhead shark fins — in Costa Rica. This means it can be logged in prescribed amounts as long as an impact study determines its extraction is not harmful to the...
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...Medicinal Plants Medicinal Plants Medicinal Plants An Expanding Role in Development Jitendra Srivastava, John Lambert, and Noel Vietmeyer WORLD BANK TECHNICAL PAPER NUMBER 320 RECENT WORLD BANK TECHNICAL PAPERS No. 246 Plusquellec, Burt, and Wolter, Modern Water Control in Irrigation: Concepts, Issues, and Applications No. 247 Ameur, Agricultural Extension: A Step beyond the Next Step No. 248 Malhotra, Koenig, and Sinsukprasert, A Survey of Asia's Energy Prices No.249 Le Moigne, Easter, Ochs, and Giltner, Water Policy and Water Markets: Selected Papers and Proceedings from the World Bank's Annual Irrigation and Drainage Seminar, Annapolis, Maryland, December 8−10, 1992. No.250 Rangeley, Thiam, Andersen, and Lyle, International River Basin Organizations in Sub−Saharan Africa No.251 Sharma, Rietbergben, Heimo, and Patel, A Strategy for the Forest Sector in Sub−Saharan Africa No.252 The World Bank/FAO/UNIDO/Industry Fertilizer Working Group, World and Regional Supply and Demand Balances for Nitrogen, Phosphate, and Potash, 1992/93−1998/99 No.253 Jensen and Malter, Protected Agriculture: A Global Review No.254 Frischtak, Governance Capacity and Economic Reform in Developing Countries No.255 Mohan, editor, Bibliography of Publications: Technical Department, Africa Region, July 1987 to April 1994 No.256 Campbell, Design and Operation of Smallholder Irrigation in South Asia No.258 De Geyndt,...
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