...ICTs in the Tourism Industry and its influences on the tourist consumer behaviour The tourism industry often needs a various range of information to satisfy and attracts its consumers and most of this information is delivered promptly to the customers with the help of the information and communication technologies (Poon, 1993). And as result, the global tourism industry is rapidly changing and the information and communication technologies ( ICTs) such as the internet is altering the structure of tourism industry and how it market his products and conducts its promotion. In order to understand the role and impacts that ICTs has in the wider tourism industry and to find its influences on the tourist consumer behaviour, it is advised to first know what ICTs are and to comprehend the study on consumer behaviour based on the tourism industry. Information and communication technologies are defined as the collective term given to the most recent development in the mode (electronic) and the mechanisms (computers and communications technologies) used for the acquisitions, processing analysis, storage, retrieval, dissemination, and application of information (Poon 1993 cited in Buhalis 2003, p 7). It can also be defined as “the use of digital tools for business functions and processes” (Cooper et al 2005, p.704). When tailing about ICTs, it consist of hardware (self service terminals), software (front office applications), and telecommunications (broadcast of images, teleconferencing...
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...Exploring consumer attitude and behaviour towards green practices in the lodging industry in India Kamal Manaktola and Vinnie Jauhari School of Hospitality & Tourism Management, Institute for International Management & Technology, Haryana, India Abstract Purpose – The study seeks to explore the factors which influence the consumer attitude and behaviour towards green practices in the lodging industry in India and also to explore the consumers’ intentions to pay for these practices. Design/methodology/approach – A quantitative and qualitative research methodology using a questionnaire along with secondary research has been proposed. A structured questionnaire has been used using convenience-sampling techniques from National Capital Region in India. Correlation and factor analysis has been used to explore consumers’ attitudes and behaviour towards green practices in the lodging industry. Findings – The consumers using hotel services are conscious about environmentally friendly practices in India. They patronise the hotels that have adapted green practices though not compromising on service quality. The consumers would prefer to use lodging that follows these practices but are not willing to pay extra for these services. Indian hotels have the competitive advantage over similar products if they follow green practices. Practical implications – The hotels would have to invest in environmentally friendly practices and look at long-term gains. The government...
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...have changed travellers’ behaviour that now depends on the Internet to search for information, plan their travel, and purchase online. Different sources provide evidence that illustrate the importance of online travel shopping. Research Objectives: * To explore the relationship between the Internet and the travel industry, with a special emphasis on the impacts brought by the Internet; * To identify the factors affecting the online travel shopping behaviour of FEU students, with special emphasis on the influence of trust and culture * To explore internet usage for information searching and product purchasing for online travel products by FEU students. * To determine the positive and negative effects of online travel shopping to the behaviour of FEU students. Review of Related Literature NEW TECHNOLOGIES. They provide travellers with greater access to information, and facilitate the purchase of remote tourism products. (New Web-based and mobile technologies have become important drivers of change in travel behaviour. They provide travellers with greater access to information, and facilitate the purchase of remote tourism products.) (In the context of tourism, this active participation of consumers is becoming especially prevalent through websites that provide consumers with the opportunity to save and print their own travel itineraries or to purchase tourism packages dynamically assembled based on their personal preferences.) CONSUMER BEHAVIOR. The internet...
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...Annals of Tourism Research, Vol. 38, No. 3, pp. 1009–1030, 2011 0160-7383/$ - see front matter Ó 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Printed in Great Britain www.elsevier.com/locate/atoures doi:10.1016/j.annals.2011.01.015 BRAND EQUITY, BRAND LOYALTY AND CONSUMER SATISFACTION Janghyeon Nam Kyungnam University, South Korea Yuksel Ekinci Georgina Whyatt Oxford Brookes University, UK Abstract: This study aims to investigate the mediating effects of consumer satisfaction on the relationship between consumer-based brand equity and brand loyalty in the hotel and restaurant industry. Based on a sample of 378 customers and using structural equation modelling approach, the five dimensions of brand equity—physical quality, staff behaviour, ideal selfcongruence, brand identification and lifestyle-congruence—are found to have positive effects on consumer satisfaction. The findings of the study suggest that consumer satisfaction partially mediates the effects of staff behaviour, ideal self-congruence and brand identification on brand loyalty. The effects of physical quality and lifestyle-congruence on brand loyalty are fully mediated by consumer satisfaction. Keywords: brand equity, customer satisfaction, brand loyalty. Ó 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. INTRODUCTION Consumer satisfaction is essential to long-term business success, and one of the most frequently researched topics in marketing (e.g., Jones & Suh, 2000; Pappu & Quester, 2006). Because consumer satisfaction...
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...Rodolfo Baggio Marianna Sigala Alessandro Inversini Juho Pesonen Editors Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2014 eProceedings of the ENTER 2014 PhD Workshop in Dublin, Ireland. January 21, 2014 Preface The advent of Information and communication technology (ICT) has had a paramount impact on tourism. The effects of this revolution continue to change the nature of contemporary tourism on a day-to-day base. The globalization of information, open innovation, better access, collaboration in a generation of information and technological convergence, have all contributed to the design of a new scientific paradigm. Thanks to our passion for research and to the continuous advancements in the technological ecosystem as well as the possibility of better understanding human activity and behavior we are on the threshold of a new era of the social science of tourism. This new social and technological paradigm affects tourism and human mobility in a way that gives the research process unheard-of possibilities. The current level of technological development allows for the construction of objects that are smaller, more intelligent and embedded in the environment and even wearable. These objects, which record and learn our habits are connected to the Internet and they have computing capabilities. They can also be interconnected and generate large quantities of information to benefit the environment in which they are located as well as the travellers that possess...
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...MKT01760 Tourism Planning Environments Assignment 2 – Proposal for preparation of a tourism plan or policy Due Date: Week 8 Position Statement “Climate change is one of the most significant challenges facing tourism today. Australia’s tourism industry, like all sectors, contributes to greenhouse gas emissions. The industry is also susceptible to climate change impacts, with some of Australia’s most iconic natural attractions and World Heritage Areas particularly sensitive to changes in climate conditions” (Australian Government website, 2010). “Tourism is fundamental to Australia’s economy. The direct GDP contribution of the tourism industry was $38.9 billion in 2006-07. However, many of these tourism-related goods and services contribute to significant GHG emissions. (Tourism Australia, 2008). As stated by Tourism Queensland, 2009, “internationally and domestically our competitors are gearing up so they can promote themselves as climate friendly destinations. Queensland must act if we are to be competitive”. They have also stated ways to make this a reality. Some actions include: Promote environmentally responsible and safe use of your product/service to visitors; monitor the sustainability performances of main competitors; pursue a carbon neutral option for your product or service. Tourism Queensland was established in 1979 (Tourism Queensland, 2009), Tourism Queensland is a statutory body under the...
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...Seventh Session 19-30 April 1999, New York TOURISM AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT THE GLOBAL IMPORTANCE OF TOURISM Background Paper #1 Prepared by the World Travel and Tourism Organization and International Hotel and Restaurant Association The Global Importance of Tourism prepared by the World Travel & Tourism Council and International Hotel & Restaurant Association A. Introduction Creating jobs and wealth 1. Travel & Tourism is the world’s largest industry and creator of jobs across national and regional economies. WTTC/WEFA research show that in 2000, Travel & Tourism will generate, directly and indirectly, 11.7% of GDP and nearly 200 million jobs in the world-wide economy. These figures are forecasted to total 11.7% and 255 million respectively in 2010. 2. Jobs generated by Travel & Tourism are spread across the economy - in retail, construction, manufacturing and telecommunications, as well as directly in Travel & Tourism companies. These jobs employ a large proportion of women, minorities and young people; are predominantly in small and medium sized companies; and offer good training and transferability. Tourism can also be one of the most effective drivers for the development of regional economies. These patterns apply to both developed and emerging economies. Contributing to sustainable development 3. The 1992 United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), the Rio Earth Summit, identified Travel & Tourism as one of the key sectors of the economy...
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...transport service through the same Way by entering contractual agreements with various service providers such as hoteliers or tour companies .As a result most carriers such as Emirates, South African Air ways, Kenyan Airways etc are the beneficiary of this strategy mainly due to their own home base are tourist destinations .When it comes to Ethiopian airlines the actual fact is contradictory in that it has not been a beneficiary of its own country tourism attractions through product bundling .And the holiday package development is at its infantile stage. As a result the national carrier became highly dependent on the 6th freedom traffic right. That is 65 % of the total traffic are transiting Addis Ababa as stated on Ehiopian Airlines Annual commercial report (2010). As such no attention was given until recently to develop in-house package. In fact there are several reasons for this .The major being the political and economic policy of the ruling bodies especially after the fall of Imperial Hailessie administration could be cited as a setback for tourism sector development. That is the coming of a military junta to power PMAC in 1974 introduced the socialist philosophy and command economy (Thomas and Berry, 2002) .This had a bad impact with...
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...Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism Agenda 1. 1.1 ICT and tourism – introduction Tourism as information business 1.2 2. 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 eTourism – ICT usage in tourism ICT usage in tourism – overview and case studies Tourism stakeholders and interfaces Tourism suppliers and eTourism Intermediaries and eTourism Destination organisations and eTourism Tourism management and eTourism 3. 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 Trends and future applications Social Media & Web 2.0 Website optimisation Interoperability and semantic web Software agents Recommender systems Dynamic packaging Mobile services & ambient intelligence Online auctions in tourism 2 ICT in Tourism © copyright IFITT 1.2 eTourism – ICT usage in tourism Definition and history of eTourism Facts & trends Reasons, advantages and implications of ICT usage ECCA – eTourism Competence Center Austria 3 ICT in Tourism © copyright IFITT 1.2 eTourism – ICT usage in tourism Definition and history of eTourism Facts & trends Reasons, advantages and implications of ICT usage ECCA – eTourism Competence Center Austria 4 ICT in Tourism © copyright IFITT Introduction - ICT ICT - Information and Communication Technologies Umbrella term for technological developments for the Production, analysis, storage, search, distribution and use of information ICT includes a combination of hardware software telecommunications netware groupware humanware ICT enables effective data processing & communication...
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...business opportunity that Sunshine Coast tourism department and surf school quest to into Chinese international students market (Mihai, 2012). However, due to the gap of lifestyle between Chinese and western world, surf business gained low market share in this tourism competition. This research is going to set up market decision problem, research problem and objectives. This case analyse will use research technique, including Repertory Grid Analysis, to examine and overcome barrier that blocking surf industry into Chinese market. Decision maker’s key goal To increase a number of Chinese tourists in surf business in order to grow market share in tourism industry. Marketing decision problem MDP: should Sunshine Coast surf school develop a new product to attract Chinese student market? Due to china’s unique culture and geography, travel psychology and behaviour of Chinese tourists are specializing and difference with western world (Ivy & Peter, 2008). In terms of market performance of Chinese tourists, they cannot adapt adventure environment in Australia and play risky surfing in Sunshine Coast particularly. When the original surf product cannot satisfy targeted Chinese market, developing new products and providing a wide range of surfing products need to be considered. As a marketer to explore Chinese tourists market to promote surfing activities, it is meaningful to develop a new surfing product that concept with target consumer terms. To change Chinese tourists’ perceptive...
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...Index Executive Summary ............................................................................................................... 2 Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 2 - 3 Market Analysis ................................................................................................................ 3 - 7 Target Market Analysis .................................................................................................. 7 - 10 Marketing Strategies .................................................................................................... 10 - 12 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................. 13 References ...................................................................................................................... 14 - 15 1.0 Executive Summary Borneo Safe Haven Bed and Breakfast is a bed and breakfast hotel business that is located exactly at the hearts of Kuching City. Kuching has millions of foreign travellers coming in and out every year ever since year 2010. Kuching has attracted many tourists due to the cleanliness of the city, the many tourist attraction places like museums and national parks, the friendliness of the citizens in Kuching also welcomed a lot of the tourists that visited Kuching. We will be utilising an old shop house and convert it...
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...this topic has emphasised the varying components by which consumers perceive a brand, especially between products and services. This article disseminates and scrutinises the various literature that contribute to these components of brand image and applies it to a real world case study. The aspects of intangibility of services, variability of quality, instantaneous consumption of services , inseparability of service and service provider as well as the service environment were explored with relation to “Australia” the movie (product) and Australia as a tourist destination (service). Through exploring this case study it was clear that brand image for “Australia” the movie was significantly based on benefits it could offer its consumers including quality aspects and trust through use of Hollywood’s biggest stars, as well as the strength of the films brand image through strong emotive and unique cultural cues. In contrast, the brand image of Australia as tourist destination has several additional elements and boundaries that it must overcome. Interestingly, it was found that Australia the movie was the perfect tool to use for Australian Tourisms greatest hurdle - overcoming the intangible aspect of the business. Suddenly, Tourism Australia as a service could leverage the parallels of the brand image and success of the film and instil these qualities in its own communications. Ultimately, with a new realm of consumer behaviour and market complexities, it was found that businesses must...
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...INTRODUCTION In order to understand the impact of internet on tourism in full depth a little bit of history about the pre-internet industry systems, the implementation of the changes bought about by internet and the present impact of the development of internet since, need to be understood thoroughly. the traditional distribution system needs to be discussed.The traditional pattern of distribution was dependent on the GDS and the CRS, by 1960 the initialization of the Data Processing System was completed known as SABRE then followed the Amadeus and Galileo till 1980, the first set of reservation system introduced with one prime objective, of making the airline reach to a level of excellence. By 1990 internet was introduced making a huge impact on the distribution channel of tourism industry, where all the airlines went global with one prime source the internet. “Distribution channels often both influence consumer behaviour, and determine the ability of the industry to respond to consumers’ requests efficiently” (Buhalis Laws 2001, p.7).There have been few quotes for distribution been mentioned by authors like , “link between the producers of tourism services and their customers” (Gartner & Bachri, 1994, p. 164), there is also a quote been published by WTO (World Tourism Organization) “a distribution channel can be described as a given combination of intermediaries who co-operate in the sale of a product. It follows that a distribution system can be and in most instances is...
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...Hospitality and Tourism Education and Training A Case Study of Scotland. Geno Trapaidze The Department of Hospitality and Tourism Management University of Strathclyde A thesis submitted in part of the requirements for the degree of MSc in International Hospitality Management September, 2007. ABSTRACT 1 The purpose of this study is to examine the role of education and training and its impact on labour supply to the Scotland hospitality and tourism industry; what are the current issues are there? And how those issues can be minimised? Its also seeks to identify the relation between the customer satisfaction and the service employees via service quality for maintain the growth of the hospitality and tourism industry. It also tries to identify the current labour market issues of the hospitality and tourism sector in Scotland, and how these issues can be minimised. Research will be conducted through five individual interviews. This research should help the hospitality and tourism managers/employers understand the importance of retaining staff. Also it will aim to make educational institutions aware of the gap between the content and the design of their hospitality and tourism courses/degree programmes in relation to industry demand, as highlighted in relation to current labour market issues such as staff turnover rate, retention problems, and the image of the hospitality and tourism industry in Scotland. Key words: Service quality, staff turnover, poor image...
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...It is evident from the above figure that the majority of participants consider availability of different activities and landscape and scenery as the most important reasons to make decision for visiting the UK as tourists. It can be said that the participants are more interested to avail entertaining and thrilling activities for which they consider the UK as their favourite tourist destination. Figure 9 The above figure 9 is providing the results for the responses gathered for the question related to the providence of competitive rating of participants’ perceptions as consumers of the UK as a tourist destination against other competitive destinations. It is evident from the figure above that the majority participants consider special events, entertainment facilities, accessibility factors, knowledge and information about destination, and easy access to tourism destinations as the most competitive elements of the UK as compared to its competitive...
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