...Kaplan University Writing Center Writing an Informative Essay Did you ever pick up a magazine or newspaper and after reading the article say, “Hmm! I didn’t know that!” That article is an informative essay. Informative essays, also called expository essays, seek to inform or educate the audience on a given topic. The goal is not to persuade the reader but to give the reader more information, to provide the reader with insight, and to support the writer’s interpretations with factual information. The essay should make the reader say “Aha! I didn’t know that.” Informative essays do not express the writer’s opinion. Views, pro and con, can be included but they must be presented in an unbiased fashion, pointing out comparisons and contrasts of viewpoints. One way to do this is to imagine that the audience holds a common view of the topic; the writer’s purpose is to give the audience a surprising new view based on research. To do this you can: • • • • Enlighten your audience with new facts and/or statistics. Give them usable material that they can apply. Present sufficient information to explain the new findings about the topic. Make clear from the beginning of your paper its purpose. Here is an example of an informative essay topic: a student wrote about technology invading churches in the form of ATM machines. He called it “Technology goes to Church.” His purpose was to inform readers that because of the decrease in weekly donations some churches are now installing ATM machines...
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...sportswear brands in the world, Adidas Group (AG) enjoys a strong market position worldwide. The largest portion of Adidas’s customers are customers who play soccer, which is the biggest sport in terms of player population and global revenue in the world.among the top team-sports. This includes professional athletes, who sign athlete endorsement deals as well. Adidas products are made available to the consumer in a variety of ways. In North America, the company opened up thousands of its signature retail shops and outlets carrying the latest and top-selling products; not to mention, big name retail store-chains such as Foot Locker, Champs Sports and Finish lines are significant contributors to sales of Adidas products. Moreover, their official website offers online shopping opportunities with special offers available to the public1. When it comes to selecting sportswear to purchase, consumers have numerous brands to choose from. Adidas, Nike, Under Armour, Puma and Asics just to name a few. Factors that affect the purchasing decisions of consumers vary individually, but the main reasons can be identified as quality, design, and brand image. As Adidas has more than one product segment, including performance, lifestyle and fashion, customers compare Adidas’s products with other brands using a set of varying criterion. Another factor that plays a crucial role that affects purchasing decisions are design and quality. Many consumers will have to decide what to buy from a wide array of high-quality...
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...December 6, 2014 Promotional and Advertising strategies are similar but at the same time very different. The advertising strategy is designed to sell a product. It is basically one way communications from the company to the consumer. This provides the consumer information to make a purchasing decision (Schermerhorn, Osborn, Uhl-Bien, & Hunt, 2012). Where as a promotional strategy is two way communications designed to increase sales and attract new customers. This is can be referred to as Branding. One key difference is promotional strategies give away something; this could be a free product or money off attracting consumers who would not be attracted under normal circumstances. This paper will investigate two top athletic apparel companies to understand their strategies. The two companies chosen for this project are Nike Incorporated and Under Armour. These two companies are two of the leading sports apparel companies. Both of these company’s focus their products on the athlete and specific sports. Nike Incorporated has been in business since 1964 and has a much longer history in the industry than Under Armour (UA) which joined the picture in 1996. Both companies make a variety of athletic apparel and a number of athletic shoes. This project will provide details on how each company compares in the athletic shoe market. 1. Compare and contrast the promotional strategies used by two (2) different companies for a similar product within the category that you selected...
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...Review of the Research Editors: Mark S. Kovacs, PhD Todd S. Ellenbecker, DPT W. Ben Kibler, MD A United States Tennis Association Sport Science Committee Project Tennis Recovery: A Comprehensive Review of the Research Copyright © 2010 United States Tennis Association Inc. ISBN 978-0-692-00528-6 Editors: Mark S. Kovacs, Todd S. Ellenbecker, W. Ben Kibler TENNIS RECOVERY A Comprehensive Review of the Research A United States Tennis Association Sport Science Committee Project Editors: Mark S. Kovacs, PhD Todd S. Ellenbecker, DPT W. Ben Kibler, MD Introduction In the last two decades, physical training and competitive opportunities have increased dramatically in junior, collegiate and professional tennis. This arose due to a multitude of factors, but much of it has stemmed from an increase in knowledge and understanding of scientifically based training programs focused on improving performance. As this focus on performance has increased, the area of recovery has received relatively limited focus. Recovery is a multi-faceted paradigm focusing on recovery from training—session to session, day to day and week to week. Recovery is also vitally important during training as well as in competition between matches and between days during multi-day tournaments. As more information is needed in the area of tennis specific recovery, the Sport Science Committee of the United States Tennis Association (USTA) sponsored an extensive evidence-based review of the available literature...
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...PART A – Plan the project Most athletes know that getting enough rest after exercise is essential to high-level performance, but many still over train and feel guilty when they take a day off. The body repairs and strengthens itself in the time between workouts, and continuous training can actually weaken the strongest athletes. Rest days are critical to sports performance for a variety of reasons. Some are physiological and some are psychological. Rest is physically necessary so that the muscles can repair, rebuild and strengthen. For recreational athletes, building in rest days can help maintain a better balance between home, work and fitness goals. The main objective of my project of this term is to build up a recovery program for athletes. That is what I am gonna try to study into the basics. Sport is not only about performance, there is a lot of other factors that influence the performance, from the psychological aspect to the physiological condition. The recovery phase and rest is one of the main subject that help to improve athlete s performance. Human is not a machine, we all need rest to restart our body again to reach the performance we want. Rest is not only behind higher performance, recovery periods prevent injuries that are caused by overtraining or a trauma. My project is about recovery program for a specific athlete, and how it can influence his performance. I try to build up a recovery program for him, that is suitable for his possibilities and capacities...
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...There are two reasons for professional sports. The first is to make money and the second is it makes money. The Public Relations professional must be actively involved in marketing helping the clients cause or improving the clients’ profits. The PR professional must have known as much about the whole marketing process as the marketing manager. In the past few years, salaries in professional sports have escalated, with corresponding increases in ticket prices, beyond anything remotely resembling economic good sense. In most cases it is a wise move for players to use agents to negotiate contracts. Many agents are reputable lawyers or accountants who not only negotiate contracts, but also guard the players’ money and investments. Since sports teams are private businesses managed for their owner’s profit, the Public Relations expert is involved at a high level – justifying athletes’ high salaries, encouraging attendance for winning and losing teams, arranging appearances for player to personalize the teams’ public image and creating special events to keep the interest alive when the play on the field is dull. A new area of investing in a team is the selling of “official” team representation. Local and national companies are willing to pay handsomely to become an official sponsor or provider. The public relations team must take part in attempting to attract bidders and then letting the community know who the major sponsors and providers are for the team. In order to be considered...
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...Case Study Analysis of Under Armour Module: Lecturer: Submission Date: Word Count: Matriculation number: Contemporary Issues in Strategic Management Maurice Brunet 15th November 2013 2990 (max. 3.000) 40131612 1 Introduction Under Armour, founded in 1996 by former University of Maryland football player Kevin Plank, is an American sports apparel company with headquarter in Maryland, US. Kevin Plank had the idea of making a t-shirt that is able to enhance athletes’ performance by controlling the body’s temperature and acting like a second skin. In only 14 years, Plank has succeeded in building Under Armour into a worldwide operating company that offers a wide range of premium priced sport articles including performance apparel, footwear and accessories. As of 2010, Under Armour was able to generate sales revenue of $1.06 billion of which the majority comes from Canada and the United States. Under Armour’s vision is to become the world’s leading performance athletic apparel by pursuing the mission of making “… athletes better through passion, science, and the relentless pursuit of innovation” (Ireland et al., 2013, p.378). The following report provides an analysis of the company Under Armour based on information from Ireland et al. (2013) in Management of Strategy. The paper is divided in the following three parts: 1. Five Forces analysis of the sportswear industry 2. Value chain analysis of Under Armour 3. Under Armour’s generic strategy. 1 2 Five Forces Analysis...
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...permanent and will not change due to environmental factors. An example of this would be the Williams sisters in tennis, who are both world-class tennis players. Trait theorists would say that these genes were inherited as they were successful from a young age; meaning they were born with their personality, which caused them to be successful. However, trait views are too general and simplistic and that personality alone cannot predict success in a sporting environment and has no consideration of environmental effect. It can also predict behaviour in a limited manner but traits cannot predict how an individual will behave in a particular situation. Eysenck Personality Types There are 4 types of personality that Eysenck explained; Stable, Neurotic, Introvert and Extrovert. Stable This is a predictable, steady-going personality type, which are generally mood predictable and they are relatively calm; an example of this would be Djokovic, the tennis player. He is calm and collected whilst playing tennis and is relatively predictable. These kinds of athletes are great for sports that require a constant emotional state, like golf or swimming as they can be mood predictable and perform well consistently as they are less likely to become frustrated and therefore enhance their own performance as they are calm and psychologically ready to perform. However, when playing sports such as football or boxing, they do not...
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...INTRODUCTION TO HUMANITIES Your Name Name of Your Institution Abstract Compare and contrast distinguishing elements or features of early Greek and Roman cultures, including but not limited to, government, geographical terrain, economics and trade practices, art and architecture, philosophical and religious differences. COMPARE AND CONTRAST GREEK AND ROMAN EARLY CIVILIZATION GREEK CIVILIZATION | ROMAN CIVILIZATION | | | Geography: Greece comprise of Mediterranean countries. However, terrain is hilly countryside and were near water. Cities that were created around Mediterranean Sea are known as colonies. | Geography: Also Mediterranean countries; however, more inland, on one side Tiber River, Italic tribes did not have natural hilly borders. Around Naples there was fertile land and rich soil. It covered Italian peninsula where small villages were set around hills. | Economics: Main resource was agriculture. Produced enough wheat for own survival; but, bad agricultural practices showed the in-capabilities of Greeks. Wine and olive oil were chief imports. They thought themselves more superior and considered some work as degrading to them. Greek paid less attention on technology. Due to having slaves, many hardest tasks were done by the cheap labor-slaves. | Economics: Romans also were involved in farming; however, were imported most of their wheat. Trading helped their economy. They exported wine and olive oil. Romans...
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...retention of possession for sustained periods of time. The best passing teams dictate play, conserve energy, make the best of their resources and therefore score goals (Clarke) Hook and Hughes (2001) found that successful teams utilised longer possessions than unsuccessful teams in Euro 2000 Jones et al. (2004) showed that successful teams in the English Premier league typically had longer possessions than unsuccessful teams. Incorrect passing technique creates turnovers in possession allows the other team to attack and creates pressure on the team. Decision making The importance of decision making is highlighted by (McGreskin) the thing that separates the best from the rest, is that the best players consistently make better decisions while under pressure. Decision making is quite simply, the process to find the optimum pass, whether that be a 40 yard switch of play to attack from the other side (where the space is) or passing the ball into the strikers feet to play a one-two or allow him to turn and run at the oppositions defence, decision making is a complex process (the best players know what they are going to do before) the process involved highlighting the number of players where the pass is intended for, both the opposition and your own team, as well as the obstacles in the way of the pass, the amount of pressure on yourself to release the ball. Football compared to other sports is an open continuous game; it is ever-changing which means that making decisions quickly...
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...Bachelor’s Thesis Degree Programme in Sports and Leisure Management. 2011 Abstract Date of presentation 11.5.2011 Group or year of entry DP VI Number of pages and appendices 48 +2 Degree programme Author or authors Martin Lee Title of report The use of video feedback as a performance analysis coaching tool in amateur level ice hockey. Teacher/s or supervisor/s Mika Vähälummukka, Kari Savolainen With the advancement of digital video and computer technology over the past ten years there has been a considerable increase noted in the use of video analysis as a coaching tool in ice hockey. This has been especially noted in the greater Montreal area of Canada, where coaches are often under pressure to develop emerging talented players who aspire to a pro hockey career. The purpose of this research was to investigate how much performance analysis through video was being used and what it was being used for. The focus area was on amateur teams from midget level through to college and junior pro, such as the QMJHL. To collect data a questionnire was used to survey the coaches and players views on using video analysis as a tool for coaching. The study was done in Montreal Quebec, Canada with coaches that ranged from midget grade, through junior to college and men’s pro. The survey covered what video analysis is currently being used for, what both the coaches and players expected to gain from its use, its benefits and draw backs with regards to athletes playing abillity and its usefulness...
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...THE IMPORTANCE OF TRANSACTIONAL LEADERSHIP IN SPORTS Coaches as the most important success factors utilize different leadership styles in orienting sport teams. If we consider sport teams as an organization and its members as the staff of an organization, in that case, the coaches play the role of managers and orient a team. Furthermore, one of their duties besides planning is to deploy players and control their performance and perform leadership. Confirming this ideal, Chelladurai (2001) and Kolaric, (2005) believe that coaches play the role of managers and they are supposed to do similar duties as managers do. The style which is displayed by coaches in leadership; according to most of researchers performed on effective coaches indicate the rate of their influence on performance, behaviour and ideal psychological performance (such as motivation, satisfaction and commitment) of sportsmen on one side and team integration on the other. Being an athlete most of my life I have been exposed to many transactional leaders in the form of coaches. The best example would be my current cricket coach because he relies on small goals to achieve a larger goal, top the national south championship. As the coach his role as a leader was to push us to our limits and slightly beyond, and he achieved this phenomenon by forcing us to set short and long term goals individually as well as for the team. By having individuals write down our personal goals my coach could hold us accountable...
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...`WHAT MAKES A GREAT SPORT LEADER? Page 1 GENUINE EFFECTIVE SPORT LEADERS OR JUST LAZY, INEXPERIENCE SCUMS! The good Sports leaders must have four essential Qualities in order to be effective in what they do, if a Sport Leader does not have these skills, this automatically means they are FAKE shams of an effective sports leader. Having only some of these skill qualities result in ineffective Sport Leaders, who are too lazy to acknowledge these advance skills to succeed. Sports leaders who don’t have these skills should not have honour to have LEADER in their profession. The First quality that is vital in being effective in sports leadership is the Knowledge of Sports Skills, so in this case meaning the Sports Leader must have a good knowledge of the participant’s skill development, technical ability and technical demands in order to carry out the session correctly and successful. This will thus help the sports leader make a decision on what specific, simple skill is require to help the participant succeed in the activity and enjoy it at the same time. This will then make the sessions fun and not too difficult. Moreover, these factors are very important to know. For example, one of my close friends was a former sports leader, and I came along to one of his session to watch him performs in his sports leadership sessions; he did a football session with the kids. I watched the session and he turned a difficult football session into a fun one for the children...
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...CULTURAL 2.5.3.ECONOMIC3. SEGMENTATION, TARGETING, POSITIONING 3.1. MARKET SEGMENTATION 3.2. SEGMENTS TARGETED 3.3. POD S AND POP S 3.4. VALUE PROPOSITION 3.5. POSITIOING 3.6. EVOLUTION AS A BRAND4. MARKETING MIX 4.1. PRODUCT 4.2. PLACE 4.3. PRICING 4.4. PROMOTION5. ANALYSIS REPORT 5.1. CUSTOMER SURVEY 5.2. MARKETING STRATERGIES 5.3. PORTER S GENERIC STRATERGIES 5.4. CREATING VALUE 5.5. CAPTURING VALUE 5.6. SUSTAINING VALUE6. REFERENCES 3 4. INTRODUCTIONBrief Analysis of IndustrySport is an integral part of modern contemporary society. Sport has always been associatedwith discipline, dedication and perfection and hence sportsmen have always beenrespected, across borders, religions and races. Sportsmen, professional or amateur, needquality gear, specific to their game, to be able to compete better. It is this market that thetwo conglomerates, the subjects of our study, cater to. Both these companies started off asfootwear makers for the modern athlete, their innovative designs and technology creatingwaves. But now these firms...
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...Introduction Celebrity endorsement means any individual that who are enjoys public recognition and use this recognition on behalf of the product by presenting it in an advertisement (Mc Cracken, 1989). They using a celebrity in advertising to promote a product or service is prevalent in advertising. In reality, approximately 20% use celebrity endorsement in all commercials advertisement. It is great potential to the brand itself to manage well the brand equity when using celebrity endorsers to promote their product to the market. It is proves that using celebrity endorsers are more focus on their personal attitudes and increase their validity and also their persuasiveness. Besides that, source credibility typically viewed as a function of trustworthiness and expertise of that celebrity. It is primary factor determining how influential the endorser will be. Tears and no tears is method used in the celebrity endorser. Example is trustworthiness, expertise, attractiveness, respect, similarity, audience match up, saturation factor and others. This factor...
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