...CORPORAL PUNISHMENT RESEARCH STUDY CHAPTER 4: DATA ANALYSIS, INTERPRETATION AND PRESENTATION OF FINDINGS 4.1 INTRODUCTION To interpret something is to give it a meaning., Ttherefore, data analysis is the act of organising and reducing the data to a more manageable and interpretable form (Krüger, De Vos, Fouché & Venter, and 2005: 218). To put it more concisely, data analysis is the organisationing of raw data into more concise and intelligible data which can later be analysed (Bless & Kathuria, 2000: 1). The researcher used both the quantitative and qualitative data analysis to interpret the findings. The researcher administered the interviews to 10 learners, 4 parents, 4 teachers and 2 education officers and also the questionnaires were purposively distributed questionnaires to 16 parents, 14 education officers and 20 teachers from the two selected schools. Upon the completion of Once the interviews and results from the questionnaires, were completed, the researchers sat down to review, analyse and sort the crude data. and the same information from the questionnaires was grouped and presented in the form of numbers and later changed into percentage. The data from both qualitative interviews and questionnaires was sorted, arranged, re-arranged and reduced to manageable categories through coding that gave rise to appropriate themes. Key themes, from the corroborated qualitative and quantitative data were identified. The themes were supported by the qualitataive...
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...Children Avoid Behavioural Disorder,” Corporal Punishment is includes a wide of actions to inflict pain and discomfort.Sara Z. Morris and Chris Gibson also defined corporal punishment as “Physical force with the intention of causing a child to experience pain, but not injury, for the purpose of correction or control of the child’s behavior” This shows that most researchers agree that corporal punishment causes pain but not injury to a child. The various debate on the use of corporal punishment range from people who think the use of corporal punishment is normal and acceptable to the view that any form of physical punishment is an abuse. One thing common in the various research on corporal punishment is that corporal punishment is widely used in the united states and most parts of the world. Nancy Shute stated in her article “ Effective Discipline Will Help Avoid Behavioural Disorder,” that majority of parents in the United States use it onchildren under eight years and 35% admit using one or more with one year old babies.Sara Morris and Chris Gibson also stated in their research, “ Corporal Punishment’s Influence On Children’s Aggressive And Delinquent Behaiour,” that 94% of parents use some form of corporal punishment to discipline their toddlers aged 4 to 5. They also added that 40% of parents still use corporal punishment on children as old as 13 years and a substantial number of caregivers admitted to have used corporal punishment on children aged 6 months. It is...
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...Corporal Punishment Ashley Boardman PSY 101: Introduction to Psychology Instructor: Loriana Fiorino July 2, 2012 Corporal Punishment As parents we often have to discipline our children, as heartbreaking as it can be at times we have to do it in order to show them right from wrong. This being said, all parents raise their children different and have a different definition of what the appropriate punishment is for their child. Over the past couple of years, a huge controversy had been made over parents using corporal punishment such as spanking to discipline their child. Corporal punishment is the use of physical force causing pain, but not wounds, as a means of discipline.” Spanking, rapping on the head and slapping are forms of corporal punishment which we do not classify as abuse. There are two factors to be taken into consideration when distinguishing between corporal punishment and physical abuse: intensity: the extent to which injuries have resulted from the use of violence, intention: the extent to which the intention is to teach/discipline. Corporal punishment is just one of the wrong ways to discipline a child. The aim is not to substitute corporal punishment with psychological abuse but to discipline without using violence (UNICEF, 2010). Corporal punishment is a tremendous controversial issue among Americans all across the country. Many studies have been researched to prove the behavior of children that have been disciplined with corporal punishment and how...
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...Corporal Punishment Lakeisha Fletcher PSY101: Introduction to Psychology Instructor: Sabrina Geoffrion May 16, 2016 Corporal Punishment Corporal punishment is a harsh disciplinary act that involves physical pain to an individual mostly relating to a child. There has been some debates about the issue of corporal punishment, and whether is it needed in school and even in the home settings. There is also some debate that there may be some advantages to having corporal punishment. Who really has a say so when parents use certain strategies to discipline their children? Is there really a line that needs to be drawn so that parents know when disciplining your child has gone too far. Even though corporal punishment can have some possible advantages when children misbehave, there are more effective ways that parents can use to discipline their children. The benefits of disciplining your child can be beneficial if the acts are carried out appropriately. Corporal punishment in the form of severe physical pain or humiliation can prove to have negative effects on the child’s behavior. Corporal punishment can also be clearly defined in the commonly form of spanking or smacking, but also may include slapping, pinching, pulling hair, twisting ears, or hitting with an object such as a rod or stick (Zolotor & Puzia, 2010). As a result of such harsh treatment, it has been mentioned that it is against the law to practice corporal punishment in certain states and schools. Research...
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...accepted social norm that now influences how we legislate children's behavior. It no longer is the case that parents allow their children to play outside for the majority of the day only to come back home when dinner is ready. We have agreed as a society that the risk of harm is too great to allow children to go unsupervised for long periods of time. This constant exposure to children has brought forth many novel predicaments that many adults have not experienced in the past. One of the more lighter predicaments in recent history is the quandary of corporal punishment as an effective and moral option of parenting. "Corporal punishment to discipline children has been argued for decades" by every position imaginable (Gershoff, July 2002). Due to most of the research equally distributed throughout each position I can only write from personal experiences juxtaposed research that benefits my thesis and conclude that corporal punishment is moral in most circumstances but rarely, if ever, an effective method of parenting. "Parenting" is a recent phenomenon introduced to society by researchers and psychologists whom are vague at best about their own success at parenting (Gershoff). It is evident that past generations considered children to be obligations more so than people with feelings and needs other than food and clothing. I recall reading This Side Of Paradise by F....
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...What is corporal punishment? Corporal punishment aka whooping is the infliction of pain for an offence or the purpose of disciplining or reforming a wrongdoer or behavior deemed unacceptable. Corporal punishment is divided into three main types which are parental, school and judicial corporal punishment. The corporal punishment of minors within the home is lawful in all 50 states and it has been officially outlawed in 25 countries around the world. Domestic corporal punishment is also referred to corporal punishment in the home. This involves the whooping of a child by the parent or guardian in the home. It may involve spanking or slapping of a child with the parents open hand. The parent or guardian may also use a belt, slipper, cane, paddle and etc. Growing up, I use to get whooping whether it was for talking back, showing out, temper tantrums, bad grades, cutting up in school and etc. I believe that corporal punishment should be started at a young age. If not, once the child gets older they will think they can do anything and get away with it and disrespect people. I also believe that getting whooping will let the child know that you’re not playing nor scared of them. If they don’t get discipline then when they go out in public and school they will show out and embarrass you. The word of God reads train up a child in the way that he should go and when he is old he will not depart from it. I remember growing up as a child my parents and grandmother would quote spare the...
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...Corporal punishment is a form of physical punishment that involves the deliberate infliction of pain as retribution for an offence, or for the purpose of disciplining or reforming a wrongdoer, or to deter attitudes or behavior deemed unacceptable. It may be divided into three main types: Parental or Domestic corporal punishments, which is made by parents, guardians, or any person inside the house including nannies, gardeners, etc., School corporal punishments, which is made by teacher, principals, canteen vendors, etc., and judicial corporal punishments that is done by judges and polices. Since we are talking about the child, we disregard the judicial corporal punishment for it is applicable only for people inside the prison. Some says corporal punishments should again be reintroduced to the modern world. They say that everything has a bright side including the said corporal punishment to the child. At this instance, experts says that if the child is strong enough to handle and bare the burden in this kind of punishment, maybe he would not do again what he has done wrong for he doesn’t want to be punished again. Others say that a child who experienced these punishments will be stronger rather than those who didn’t and will never be dependent on their parents when they grow up. Some says children who have experienced this kind of punishment will have more self-control and less emotional stress than those who are not. There are also studies that prove corporal punishments will...
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...either talk to him, gently, or you can slap him hard on the face. The child will learn never to break the vase again, by using both methods, but the physical punishment method has its consequences. These consequences are serious and can cause both physical and emotional pain. This emotional pain will soon break out and make the child aggressive and hard going. It will happen. It’s a fact. Many of our friends that are aggressive are usually like this because they come from a background of physical beating. Corporal punishment is a crime and laws should be applied because it can physically, emotionally and mentally alter a child’s progression. The first thing I want to point out is that aggression doesn’t come from nowhere. Everything starts from a source. When a parent beats his child, this child will become aggressive in his teen and adult years. Alice Miller said in her book Breaking Down The Wall Of Silence “Hitting children teaches them to become hitters themselves.” She means that when a child sees his parents using physical punishment, the child, who looks up to his parents, will become aggressive as the parents were. Being aggressive is hardly as bad as having emotional problems in your early years. All of these are consequences of physical punishment. Now, the second thing I want to point out is that physical punishment doesn’t only affect the behavior of the child physically, but also emotionally. Think of it like this. When you hit your car one too many times, it will eventually...
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...Raising Children with Corporal Punishment By Lynn Collier With my head hung between my knees, I sat on my bed dreading the sound of my dad’s beat up, old pickup truck rumbling down the dirt road to our house. I was caught smoking cigarettes with my friend Chuck, and I sat waiting for the punishment that followed. At that time, I honestly wished Mom had dealt with me instead of Dad. Being the deviant child that I was, I knew what was coming. First, I’d get the lecture from Mom as Dad would listen while making that disappointed face. It would end with a spanking from Dad’s large, worn-out leather belt. And that’s just the way it happened. Chuck had it easier; he just received a week of grounding. Funny thing, though, even though Chuck’s parents and my parents were non-smokers, Chuck smokes a minimum of a pack of cigarettes a day now, whereas I have never smoked a cigarette since then. Looking back, I wouldn’t change a single thing about that experience or the others that accompanied my mistakes. I learned valuable lessons about right and wrong and accepting the consequences of my actions. A major controversy in American society today is the debate on the use of corporal punishment by parents for disciplining their children. The use of corporal punishment has both supporters and opponents with opinions, statistics, and evidence for their views on the issue. I believe there is a big difference in a reasonable use of force for discipline and child abuse. Having experienced...
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...Running Head: The Transmission of Corporal Punishment The Transmission of Corporal Punishment: Is it Passed on to Our Children? Tamika R. James Park University Corporal Punishment on children is “frowned upon” in the country of the United States of America. It is considered to be egregious to many that live in this country and all around the world. The act of corporal punishment on children has been outlawed and laws have been changed with the evolution of parenting. Even with the laws that protect children from corporal punishment in place, a vast majority of the country still practices it at home. The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether or not the act of corporal punishment is passed on to future generations. In other words, if a child is brought up getting “spankings”, are they more or less likely to practice the act on children of their own. Several stipulations come to mind when people speak of corporal punishment. In this country it appears that a certain amount of corporal punishment is acceptable. The question is, where do we draw the line? Many would consider punishing a child by spanking them with a belt appropriate. There are other things to consider, such as: How hard are they spanking them? How often are they spanking them? Appropriate parenting seems to be up to interpretation. Whatever ones thoughts on the subject is, most will agree that corporal punishment should be the last resort. Why then is it so vastly practiced among parents? The thought...
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...Final Research Paper Is corporal punishment needed to discipline children? PSY 101 Introductions to Psychology Lenai Carraway December 17, 2012 Corporal punishment seems to be the most popular way in which people had chosen to punish their children in the past. Many parents were raised in homes that used spanking as the main form of discipline and can readily recount each time he, or she received a spanking for an offense, and even remember what kind of instrument was used to inflict the punishment. Today corporal punishment is a controversial subject, which leaves one wondering if corporal punishment is needed to discipline children. It is my belief that corporal punishment is not necessarily the best possible way to discipline children in this ever changing society we live in. Throughout this research paper, I will discuss some side effects that can occur in children from corporal punishment when administered either at home or school and some theories behind it. “Corporal punishment is defined as the use of physical force causing pain, but not wounds as a means of discipline.” (Educate, don’t punish, 1999) Now, it has becomes difficult to draw the line between abuse and corporal punishment. Corporal punishment can range from a simple spanking to a tapping of the hand. While some parents do go to the extreme in punishing their children, I do not believe it is the majority of parents who abuse their children. In my mind, a swat on the butt or a tap...
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...Corporal punishment is often used in Latin America countries. In my case, that is how I grew up and that is how my parents grew up. It was not abuse; they never hit me until they got tired, they never over did it, my mom was only correcting me and let me explain why I say that. In my personal experience my parents use to correct me and my siblings by spanking us and nothing else. They never hit me on my face, they never used the belt, and they never abuse me. When I disobeyed or do something inappropriate my mom spanked me and talked to me, which I believe that it helped me to not do whatever I did again or to think twice before do it again. Now, I have three beautiful children and I confess that I did spank my kids to correct them, but it hurts me more, I also learned that sometimes is not necessary to spank because talking with them and showing them respect and love help more. I believe that spank some ones kids it’s okay. Abuse is a total different topic. Now, the American Psychological Association indicates that this discipline is polemic because it can affect the child’s development. “Psychologist Elizabeth Thompson Gershoff, PhD, of the National Center for Children in Poverty at Columbia University, observed positive and negative behaviors in children that were subject to corporal punishment.” She also said that these children can turn into delinquent persons, although she mentioned that not everyone can. I do believe that either behavior can affect a child because...
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...1101 Corporal Punishment In America Although many are not in favor with corporal punishment, it has not fallen out of practice in many of the United States. There are some positive aspects in corporal punishment, but since this has never been apart of my childhood this is the reason why I am against the practice. There are many pros and cons that come with corporal punishment, but it is now only legal in 20 states. Americans deem this type of punishment technique as either intrinsically evil or very essential. Times have changed drastically, and the generation today does not agree with such physical punishment at school especially when it has led to child abuse in the past. Punishments should always have a reason behind them, but the society has the power to measure to what extent that punishment can and should be reached. What really is corporal punishment? “Corporal punishment is the use of physical force with intention of causing a child to experience pain, but not injury, for the purpose of correction or control of the child’s behavior.”(Murray A. Straus 4) The practice of Corporal Punishment has been recorded as early as 10th century B.C, where the “Book of Proverbs 13:29” says, “ He who spareth the rod hateth his son, but he that loveth him correcteth him betimes. Withhold not correction from a child: for if thou strike him with the rod, he shall not die. Thou shalt beat him with the rod, and deliver his soul from hell.” One of the ironies of corporal punishment is that...
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...------------------------------------------------- Should Corporal Punishment Be Illegal? ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- By:Shada Roshan ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- Punishing children is a popular method that most people use in order to discipline children. They see it useful and more effective as its response is quick. On the other hand some people do not agree because in their opinion punishment is more harmful as it can escalate to child abuse. So it is a controversial issue. There are basically 4 kind of punishmentI am going to talk about one of them which is corporal punishment. What is corporal punishment? ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- Is corporal punishment an effective method of disciplining children? Why some people use it as a method to discipline children? Should corporal punishment be banned, and what are the other ways to discipline children? ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- I am interested in presenting this issue because most people thought that corporal punishment is the right thing to do, and other disagreed...
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...over the use of Corporal Punishment in the primary and secondary schools of Trinidad and Tobago. Since the ban in the year 2000 on corporal punishment from schools in Trinidad and Tobago there has been an increase of national concerns over the effects of corporal punishment on discipline of primary and secondary school students. According to (Gershoff 2002) corporal punishment can be defined as the use of physical force with the intention of causing a child to experience pain but not injury for the purposes of correction or control of a child's behaviour. It includes a wide variety of methods such as hitting, slapping, spanking, punching, kicking, pinching, shaking, shoving, choking, use of various objects (wooden paddles, belts, sticks, pins, or others), painful body postures (as placing in closed spaces), use of electric shock and use of excessive exercise drills. These harsh disciplinary measures adopted by authoritarian teachers to discipline students’ lead to anti-social behaviour, contribute to academic failure and social rejection. These conditions further reduce self-esteem and create depressed mood, which in turn add to the likelihood of delinquency in adolescents (Patterson, 1982). However, this paper seeks to outline the negative effects of corporal punishment and positive disciplinary actions that can be used to deal with students’ misbehaviour. Negative effects of corporal punishment Inconsistent...
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