...Enterprise Risk Management at Hydro One (A) An early adopter of Enterprise Risk Management, energy giant Hydro One anticipated new threats and opportunities in an industry that faced climate change and carbon legislation, the deregulation of electricity markets, and the greater adoption of renewable technologies. CEO Laura Formusa felt Hydro One's risk profile had shifted, to the extent that she had to ask herself -- was the strategy tenable? The case provides a rich description of Enterprise Risk Management in action, and shows how Hydro One executives arrive at a shared understanding of the risk profile of the company. In the narrative a diverse group of managers (the chief executive, the chief financial officer, the head of the public relations and the chief regulatory officer) voice their views on the risks, collectively bringing a multiple stakeholder perspective to the risk profile. The case challenges students to define the problems and risks that the company faces, given its strategic objectives, its evolving risk profile, and the changing environment. The case also offers a discussion ground for defining the role of the chief risk officer, and the relationship between risk management, strategic planning and capital budgeting. Procomp Informatic: Stepping on Ethical Landmines in Asia The collapse of Procomp Informatics Ltd, a major Taiwanese chipmaker, has been regarded by Taiwan's market watchdogs as similar to the scandal of the U.S. energy giant Enron in 2001....
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...Information Technology Vehari Department Of Management Sciences Report Title: Topics: Role of Media in improving corporate governance. Environmental concerns and corporate governance CSR of any organization Prepared for: Mr.Sohail Tahir Prepared by: Altaf-Hussain (FA11-MBA-004/VHR) M.Sajjad (FA11-MBA-011/VHR) The Media Role in Corporate Governance Improvement What is media? Communication channels through which news, entertainment, education, data, or promotional messages are disseminated Types of Media Print Media Electronic Media Importance of media Media is the most powerful tool of communication. It helps promoting the right things on right time. It gives a real exposure to the mass audience about what is right or wrong. Even though media is linked with spreading fake news like a fire, but on the safe side, it helps a lot to inform us about the realities as well. "The world is moving towards progress in every walk of life. But when we look towards societies, it feels as if some thing is still missing. Money, power, lust, etc., is the wish of every human being to attain. But we can't deny this fact that we all are bounded with loads of social problems, which are hard nuts to crack. Social issues are matters which directly or indirectly affect many or all members of a society and are considered to be problems, controversies related to moral values, or both. Social issues include poverty, violence, corruption, bribery, suppression of human rights, discrimination...
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...Talmor Luiz Henrique Spinardi Campos Steven Stolk Cetip and Advent International: Private Equity in Brazil It was a typically balmy summer afternoon on 9 March 2012 on busy Faria Lima in São Paulo, Brazil. Patrice Etlin and Mario Malta of Advent International, a global private equity firm, were meeting a former colleague, Martin Escobari, for lunch (see Exhibit 1 for bios). The conversation between them soon turned to the recent stock price performance of Cetip SA, Brazil’s largest custodian for private debt, and an investment they had worked on together for Advent. The stock had traded at R$33 per share throughout the day, well above the R$25.50 for which Advent had sold its remaining stake to IntercontinentalExchange (ICE) only nine months previously. Advent had first contacted Cetip in early 2007, before the outbreak of the global financial crisis, seeking to acquire a stake in the company. Two years later, following a failed IPO and having fended off competition from several other private equity players, Advent completed its investment. During its two years of ownership, Advent helped Cetip in its transition from a non-profit mutual organisation, with more than 600 financial institutions as members, into a listed business with a strong growth profile. Following its demutualisation in 2008, the company reinforced its management team, implemented best-practice corporate governance, instilled a culture of innovation and performance improvement and subsequently acquired GRV Solutions...
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...Brazil versus China: A comparative study of their relative attractiveness as destinations for multinational firm´s Table of Contents Pg. 1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 4 2.0 INTRODUCTION 4 2.1 History of Economy in Brazil 5 2.2 History of Economy in China 6 3.0 COUNTRY RISK 7 3.1China Country Risk 7 3.2 Brazil Country Risk 8 3.2.1. Current Political Issues in Brazil 3.3 Risk factors analysis comparison and Key reasons to consider 9 3.4. Current Issues in China 10 3.4.1. Fiscal policy 10 3.4.2. Monetary policy 10 3.4.3. External sector 10 3.4.4. General Political Environment 11 3.4.5. Investment Environment 11 3.4.6. Political Violence 12 3.4.7. China Political Outlook 12 3.5. Current Issues in Brazil 12 3.5.1. Real Sector 12 3.5.2. Monetary 13 3.5.3. External Sector 13 3.5.4. Fiscal 13 3.5.5. Outlook 13 3.5.6. General Political Environment 14 3.5.7. Investment Environment 14 3.5.8. Political Violence 14 3.5.9. Brazil Political Outlook 15 3.6 China Corporate Governance Law 15 3.7 Brazil Corporate Governance Law 16 4.0 FOREIGN EXCHANGE RISK 17 4.1 Brazil Foreign Exchange Risk 17 4.2China Foreign Exchange Risk 18 5.0 EXPANDED OPPORTUNITY...
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...5 Tangible Benefits Governance challenges For Family-owned businesses Implementing Tangible Benefits Motivation Implementing Purpose Alignment Family Business Challenges Planning What To Do Family Business Challenges What To Do KEY MESSAGES To an extent, family control yields benefits. Academic research and experience from many companies and investors all show that a certain degree of family ownership/control provides positive benefits to the family business and its shareholders. Family-owned firms face unique challenges. However, many failures of family-owned companies indicate that such firms also face a multitude of challenges which risk destroying shareholder value or even the business itself. Corporate governance measures lead to long-term success and keep peace in the family. Corporate governance measures at the family and business levels provide good solutions to family ownership challenges and often are indispensable to the long-term success of the family business nd peace in the controlling family, especially with succeeding generations. —a “…We have two options; there is no right or wrong decision, nor one that is better than the other. But whatever is to be done, will be definitive. There is no turning back. We can continue being a family business, like in my grandfather’s and father’s days, or become a professional company with a strong and clear capital market strategy.” —David Feffer, Suzano, Chairman of...
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...CORPORATE OWNERSHIP IN LATIN AMERICAN FIRMS: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF DUAL-CLASS SHARES Luiz Ricardo Kabbach de Castro Rafel Crespi i Cladera Universitat de les Illes Balears Ruth V. Aguilera University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign We assembly new data on dual-class firms in Latin America and analyze the relationship between the largest shareholder characteristics and its decision to leverage voting rights. First, we describe who are the largest shareholders in Latin American firms. Second, we find that both the type and origin of the largest shareholder, together with firm- and country-level characteristics, are important determinants to explain the decision to separate voting from cashflow rights. To tackle the determinants of ownership in Latin American publicly listed firms has both managerial and policy implications because the largest shareholders are those in charge to define business strategies and the allocation of firms’ resources. Key words: Corporate ownership; dual-class shares; voting rights; cash-flow rights; Latin America. 1 INTRODUCTION Most of the analysis of the Modern Corporation has focused on the conflicts of interest between managers and owners. Yet, recent literature, extending the discussion of the classic ownermanager conflict, adds minority versus majority shareholders conflict where more concentrated ownership structures takes place (La Porta, López-de-Silanes, & Shleifer, 1999; Villalonga & Amit, 2009; Young, Peng, Ahlstrom, Bruton,...
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...Cairo & Alexandria Stock Exchanges Working Paper Series Dr. Shahira Abdel Shahid September 2001 Corporate Governance is becoming a global pursuit: what could be done in Egypt? 1 Corporate Governance is becoming a global pursuit: what could be done in Egypt? Abstract: The paper defines corporate governance and explains the reasons for its becoming an important issue pursued by many countries in the last decade. Following, the various codes of corporate governance, used as a guidance for countries, which are set by international organizations such as World Bank, IMF and OECD are summarized. Next, the paper reviews corporate governance experiences in nine diverse, countries including both developed and emerging markets. Finally, the paper assesses corporate governance practices in Egypt, identifying existing problems and proposing recommendations in order to enhance corporate governance practices in Egypt. Acknowledgements: The Research & Markets Development Department at CASE is very pleased to present its first series of research papers that addresses an issue of both local and international importance, which is broadly examined by experts and researchers in both practice and academia. The author would like first to thank Dr. Sameh El Torgoman, Chairman of CASE, for his great support and encouragement. Dr. El Torgoman insisted that corporate governance becomes the first research working series paper to be written by Research & Markets Development, given the worldwide...
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...Chapter 1 Introduction OBJECTIVES Introduction to the goal of financial management. Competitors to the rule of wealth maximization and their limitations. Factors affecting value creation. Corporate governance around the world. Corporate Financial Management deals with the decisions of a firm related to investment, financing and dividend. To carry on business, a firm invests in tangible assets like plant and machinery, buildings, and intangible assets like goodwill and patents. This comprises the investment decision. These assets don’t come free; one has to pay for them, so a company needs to tap various sources of funds including promoter’s contribution. This forms the financing decision. The investment in assets generates revenues and cash flows for a specific period of time. The managers of the company can either retain cash with the company for further investment or distribute to the owners of the company—the shareholders. This constitutes the dividend decision. In short, a finance manager will be concerned with such financial decisions as: • Which investment/s should the company accept and what are the financial implications of undertaking the same? • How should the company finance those investments? What should be the mix of owners’ contribution— equity and borrowed funds, i.e., debt at any given point in time? • How much of the income generated from operations should be returned to shareholders in the form of dividends and how much is to be retained...
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...KPMG International Survey of Corporate Responsibility Reporting 2011 kpmg.com The Definitive Snapshot of CR Reporting Welcome to The KPMG International Survey of Corporate Responsibility Reporting 2011. We believe that this report represents the largest and most comprehensive survey of CR reporting trends ever published. Thirty-four hundred companies representing the national leaders from 34 countries around the world, including the largest 250 global companies based on the Fortune Global 500 ranking, were included in our research. Since we published our first report in 1993, KPMG’s International Survey of Corporate Responsibility Reporting has provided a definitive snapshot of the evolving state of CR reporting and continues to deliver unprecedented insight into national, global and industry reporting trends. This is the first in a series of three complementary reports. Future analysis will focus on the challenges related to water, supply chain and regulatory optimization. © 2011 KPMG International Cooperative (“KPMG International”), a Swiss entity. Member firms of the KPMG network of independent firms are affiliated with KPMG International. KPMG International provides no client services. All rights reserved. Contents Executive Summary KPMG Corporate Reporting Quadrants The State of Global Corporate Responsibility Reporting – Corporate Responsibility Reporting Comes of Age in 2011 Measuring the Markets – Corporate Responsibility Reporting at the Country Level Ranking...
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...International Food and Agribusiness Management Review Volume 14, Issue 2, 2011 Agricultural Value Chains in Developing Countries A Framework for Analysis Jacques H. Trienekens Associate Professor, Wageningen University-Management Studies and Maastricht School of Management Hollandseweg 1, Wageningen, The Netherlands Abstract The paper presents a framework for developing country value chain analysis made up of three components. The first consists of identifying major constraints for value chain upgrading: market access restrictions, weak infrastructures, lacking resources and institutional voids. In the second component three elements of a value chain are defined: value addition, horizontal and vertical chain-network structure and value chain governance mechanisms. Finally, upgrading options are defined in the area of value addition, including the search for markets, the value chain- network structure and the governance form of the chain. Part of this component is the identification of the most suitable partnerships for upgrading the value chain. The three components of the framework are derived from major theoretical streams on inter-company relationships and from the literature on developing country value chains. The framework is applied in a case example of a developing country value chain. Keywords: Developing country value chains, research framework, upgrading Corresponding author: Tel: + 31 317 484160 Email: Jacques.Trienekens@wur.nl 51 2011 International Food...
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...“WHAT IS THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DIVERSIFICATION AND PERFORMANCE, PARTICULARLY IN EMERGING ECONOMIES? WHAT ARE THE FACTORS WHICH ARE RELEVANT FOR SETTING THE CONTENTS OF THAT RELATIONSHIP?” By João de Almeida Frazão Caro de Sousa Master Thesis Submitted to ESADE Business School in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in International Management ESADE Business School May 2012 Master of Science in International Management – ESADE Business School i Master of Science in International Management – ESADE Business School Table of Contents Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 1 Theoretical Background 1. Diversification ......................................................................................................................... 5 1.1 General Observations ........................................................................................................ 6 1.2 Different types of diversification strategies....................................................................... 7 1.3 The costs and benefits of diversification ........................................................................... 8 1.4 Diversification Trends ....................................................................................................... 9 A. The Lack of Significant Relationship ................................
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...The Consequences of Mandatory Corporate Sustainability Reporting Ioannis Ioannou London Business School George Serafeim Harvard Business School Abstract We examine the effect of mandatory sustainability reporting on several measures of socially responsible management practices. Using data for 58 countries, we show that after the adoption of mandatory sustainability reporting laws and regulations, the social responsibility of business leaders increases. We also document that both sustainable development and employee training become a higher priority for companies, and that corporate governance improves. Furthermore, we find that companies implement more ethical practices, reduce bribery and corruption, and that managerial credibility increases. These effects are larger for countries with stronger law enforcement and more widespread assurance of sustainability reports. We conclude with thoughts about mandatory sustainability and integrated reporting. Keywords: sustainability reporting, mandatory reporting, corporate social responsibility, integrated reporting Assistant Professor of Strategic and International Management, London Business School, Regent’s Park, NW1 4SA, London, United Kingdom. Email: iioannou@london.edu, Ph: +44 20 7000 8748, Fx: +44 20 7000 7001. Assistant Professor of Business Administration, Harvard Business School, Soldiers’ Field Road, Morgan Hall 381, 02163 Boston, MA, USA. Email:gserafeim@hbs.edu, Ph: +1 617 495 6548, Fx: +1 617 496 7387 (contact...
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...top-level, middle-level, and first-level. These three main levels of managers form a hierarchy, in which they are ranked in order of importance. In most organizations, the number of managers at each level is such that the hierarchy resembles a pyramid, with many more first-level managers, fewer middle managers, and the fewest managers at the top level. Top-Level Managers Top-level managers, or top managers, are also called senior management or executives. These individuals are at the top one or two levels in an organization, and hold titles such as: Chief Executive Officer (CEO), Chief Financial Officer (CFO), Chief Operational Officer (COO), Chief Information Officer (CIO), and Chairperson of the Board, President, Vice president, and corporate head. Middle-Level Managers Middle-level managers, or middle managers, are those in the levels below top managers. Middle managers' job titles include: General Manager, Plant manager, Regional manager, and Divisional manager. Middle-level managers are responsible for carrying out the goals set by top management. They do so by setting goals for their departments and other business units. Middle managers can motivate and assist first-line managers to achieve business objectives. Middle managers may also communicate upward, by offering suggestions and feedback to top managers. Because middle managers are more involved in the day-to-day workings of a company, they may provide valuable information to top managers to help improve the organization's...
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...Executive Summery This report focuses on the benefits of Corporate Governance (CG) and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) engagement as well as the company’s strategies involving CSR by using The Body Shop as the main focus of the report. The Body Shop was regarded as one among the first companies in the cosmetic industry to publish a report on its social responsibility commitment. The Body Shop has been using Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) successfully established itself as leader in the arena of social responsibility, and increasing awareness of its name and product ranges. One of the company strategies is providing extensive programs aimed at educating its consumers about corporate actions and using Anita’s philosophy related to the Environment, Human and Animal rights and Fair Trading program for the selling point. The Body Shop went through the tough time later with the criticisms from the activist groups campaigning for consumer to ban The Body Shop. As these activist group accused the company of misleading the information and abusing the CSR for the benefits of the company. 1. The Body Shop History The Body Shop was founded in 1976 by Anita Roddick, selling natural soap and lotion products, in Brighton, UK (Van, Nijhof and Jeurissen, 2009), She was inspired to set up the shop after seeing a store called ‘The Body Shop’ in Berkeley, California, USA, that sold cosmetic like shampoos, lotions and body creams (Purkayastha, 2006). Also, having worked...
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...Abstract The present paper aims at reviewing the various developments in Corporate Governance in India. Corporate Governance has gained a lot of importance and momentum the world over. The objective of any corporate governance system is to simultaneously improve corporate performance and accountability as a means of attracting financial and human resources on the best possible terms and of preventing corporate failure. In short Corporate Governance is about promoting corporate fairness, transparency and accountability. Keywords: Corporate Governance (CG) Security and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) Stakeholders Clause 49 OECD principles Chapter: 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Prelude Corporate governance (CG) has emerged as a very important ideal. The reason is, today companies are substantially contributing to the overall growth and development, particularly in emerging economies such as India and a healthy investment environment is vital. The corporate form of business has succeeded gradually and expanded worldwide. However, not all companies are managed successfully. There has been a spree of corporate frauds worldwide, e.g., Enron in the United States and Satyam Computers in India. The latter had accounting and auditing flaws apart from lack of accountability and oversight by Independent Directors at Board meetings. There was no whistle-blowing in case of Satyam Computers unlike Enron. The Satyam Computers revelation was an outcome of a takeover...
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