...humanists made of the Catholic Church? The Catholic Church faced many criticisms from the humanists; the humanists were a group of intellectuals who supported the reform of the church, but did not propose new policies but rather a change to improve he intellectual and moral standards of the clergy. Despite affecting the church and the faith in the church there was not much impact on the ordinary people they were not interested in the corruption within the church providing it I did not affect their everyday worship. Their criticisms affected not only the church but also the followers of the religion, the impact on how it was preached and practised. One of the key criticisms were indulgences, these were pieces of paper signed by the people that could be purchased by the laity, this meant the recipient of the sin was cleansed an often saved their souls. However there was opposition against them as he believed the faith was the only true saviour of their souls. While these were helpful toward the church in the sense that there was an increase popularity of the catholic faith and people saw an escape route to a way to amend their mistakes, it had major negative effects on the church, from the humanists c criticisms, it meant many people saw corruption and truly religious people would have the same views as martin Luther, that only faith could ensure salvation and that it could not be achieved through Christians own effort. This meant that there was an impact on the church as it would result...
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...IN ROME Church History 301 April 20, 2014 Ramifications of the Papacy’s Power in Rome The papacy – the office held by the pope as head of the Catholic Church - gained great power from the sixth through eighth centuries, and there are several reasons for this surge in influence. Starting around 590, Pope Gregory I sought to convert Teutonic invaders to Christianity. Islam was also in play, as it had taken over most of Asia and Africa. According to Earl Cairns, by trying to win Teutonic tribes to Christianity, the medieval church “…further centralized its organization under papal supremacy and developed the sacramental-hierarchical system characteristic of the Roman Catholic Church.” In addition, the church had started with Christ, who made Peter the first Pope in Rome. Hence, it was evident that this would be fitting for the location of the papacy. Jesus had given Peter the keys to the kingdom, asserting that Peter was the rock on which he would build his church (Matthew 16:18-19). Basing the Church in Rome enabled close coordination of political and ecclesiastical leadership, especially since it was still under Roman rule. Another factor, which gave the Roman church its authority, was Damascus I (366-384), who called the church in Rome the apostolic see and named himself pontifex maximus, a name once held by the emperor of Rome. This elevated the authority of the church in the minds of Christians, and it elevated the political power of the church, making the...
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...In the 15th century, the Roman Catholic Church was very powerful in Europe. Popes had both spiritual power and political power. Meanwhile, Catholicism was the only religion recognized in the middle Ages. The questions then arise as to why was there a reformation or what was the state of the Church right before the reformation. In this essay, I will briefly talk about the corruption in the European Catholic Church with references to the film The Borgias and the lecture notes on Martin Luther’s Ninety-Five Theses. Simony The act of selling and buying church offices had widespread in Europe. In the first episode of The Borgias, the story starts with the death of Pope Innocent VIII in 1492, cardinals are fighting for the position of being the new pope. Rodrigo Borgias, aided by his eldest son, bribes the most of the cardinals in order to win this fight. It is absurd that Rodrigo becomes the new pope because he paid sufficient amount of gold and jewels to his colleague cardinals. Therefore, simony was a fundamental cause of the corruption of Catholic Church since positions were given to people who were able to afford it, not to the ones who are qualified as spiritual leaders. Too Rich In the film of The Borgias, I was surprised by the first glance of the luxury house of the Borgias’s. Additionally, when the eldest son, Cesare, helps his father to bribe the rest of the cardinals, he takes lots of gold ornaments and precious jewelries from the Church of Romagna. Those scenes reveal...
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...similar to that of the early Catholic Church. It had common factors that would even appeal to people now. However, it ultimately proved to take a turn for the worst and head in a much different direction than the Catholic Church. One extremely important factor that is important in establishing a church or major organization such as the People’s Temple and the Catholic Church is a strong leader. In the early Catholic Church these leaders were the apostles, especially Peter, and in the People’s Temple it was Jim Jones. They were both very persuasive and passionate about what they believed, which they showed through preaching. However, the positions of these leaders and how they thought of themselves is very different. The Apostles saw themselves as servants of God and Jesus, which can be seen in in Paul’s 1st Letter to the Corinthians when he states “Let a man so consider us, as servants of Christ and stewards of the mysteries of God……We who know Christ should view ourselves as His servants and our aim should be to be faithful...
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...experienced tremendous change in sentiment towards the Catholic Church during the 16th century. Many clergy seemed comfortable pushing the value of spirituality and humility on the masses, while they seemed to live the lives of nobility. This did not go unnoticed by the laity, who were growing weary of the corruption and hypocrisy. Disenchanted Catholics, jaded by the Church’s excesses and abuses of power began finding satisfaction in the Protestant movement which had spawned in 1517, and promised a return to the true values of spirituality. As the Catholic Church realized their membership was hemorrhaging, the leadership convened the Council of Trent in 1545 to address the corruption and abuses staining their reputation and driving their followers away. The Council of Trent was a major step taken in the Catholic Church’s attempt to “clean house”, and improve their damaged reputation. As a result, there were numerous reforms and actions undertaken by the Church to put an end to the apparent secularism which had begun to creep into and spread through their organization. This shift from spirituality, and acceptance thereof, could merely be a reflection of the changing culture as humanism and individualism had begun to pervade society. This growing secularist sentiment within the Church leadership, and the resultant departure from strict adherence to scripture, can be seen today in some of the art commissioned by Catholic Church leadership immediately preceding the Counter Reformation...
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...modern Europe. These reformations include the Protestant Reformation, the English Reformation, and the Catholic Reformation. The events that lead to these reformations during the 16th century are quite lengthy. During the 14th century, salvation outside of the church was not possible. Thus, religion played a prominent role in the daily lives of people. However, many issues began to rise amongst all things religion. In 1309, internal conflict within the Catholic Church caused for its capital to be moved from Rome to Avignon. This shift of power started a war between France and England that lasted for nearly a century. To add to the turmoil, in 1347 the Black Death took the lives of more than 25 million Europeans within four years. Due to the plague, the church saw that a second pope was needed and established one in Rome. Then again in 1409, a third pope was elected. As three popes were battling for power, ordinary Christians became confused on who to believe. By the time the church resolved its problems, simple teachings of Christ were abandoned, and people saw the need to reform (HistoryTubeTV). Also known as The Reformation, the Protestant Reformation’s main goal was to reform the beliefs and practices of the Roman Catholic Church. During the 15th century, the Christian church was the most powerful institute in medieval Europe, but the debauchery within the church eventually lead to its declining power and influence. Between 1450 and 1520, a series of popes – called...
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...The Protestant Reformation was one of the most dramatic changes in the religious era that occurred in the Catholic Church. The Reformation showed the decline of the Catholic Church and the rise of questioning authority, leading to the Scientific Revolution. The Scientific Revolution showed a rise in observations, resulting in models that represented the universe and the decline of the authority of the Catholic Church. This all would soon lead into a new era of obtaining knowledge known as the Enlightment, the Age of Reason. The most dominant religion during the fifteen century was Roman Catholicism. The clergy were the only ones who had the power to say if a person could make it to heaven or not, and anyone who opposed them was severely...
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...one of the most influential councils of the 19th century. The council made many decisions for the church during its years in session, it was an effort to inaugurate the doctrines and traditions of the church, as well as to correct the corruption within it. It was in response to issues raised by the Protestant Reformation's, but it was also part of a period of catholic renewal which had begun many years before. The Council hoped to achieve in the three periods to interpret doctrine, correct morals, re-establish peace among Christians and to revoke infidels. The Council was called upon by Pope Paul III. The Council can be branched into 3 periods. It was met after much...
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...different phases and most importantly through corruption and appealing speeches. I will throughout this essay closely examine some of the most important causes of the Spanish Civil War. Write about the weaknesses of the government and the unstructured Spanish army: • Explain why the why the elections in Spain were corrupt o The rich had the power o The party leaders were easily manipulated by the wealthy. • The government was also weak because the king was allowed to interfere in the progress of electing a new prime minister o Builds on the corruption part above o King had a lot of power • No difference between the Conservatives and the Liberals o No difference means it was only a matter of the party leader to convince other to support them o Weakness is that Spain could only go in one direction with two parties with the same goals and ideology. • Explain how the army had lost support o Army known to be violent o Too many officers and people with power o They changed the system in Spain from a absolute monarchy to a constitutional monarchy The powerful Catholic Church linked to the weaknesses of the government • Explain the how the Catholic Church influenced the education o They were against modernization and liberalization o The rich funded the church and the rich also controlled most of the elections with corruption in form of money o The support of the church was widely spread • Rural areas supported the church compared to the urban areas Tie the economic...
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...ideals in criticizing the Catholic Church. The Enlightenment was a period of time which provided inspiration for intellectual, philosophical, and social movements to spread. A number of radical thinkers emerged and started to question the common practices posed by kings and rulers that they believed to be corrupt. As a result, the common people started to become curious and wanted to obtain objective truth about the whole of reality. One of these great minds that persuaded others to question the higher leaders was Martin Luther. Martin Luther was a man of great...
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...Towards the Enlightenment ~ Identify and discuss those reforms instituted by the Catholic Church at the Council of Trent that were put in place in response to the Protestant challenge. What changes did the Church refuse to make? Why? The Council of Trent was called as a response to the 'heresy' of Martin Luther, John Calvin and other Protestant reformers. It would also address the current problems within the Catholic church: corruption, despicable behavior, unreasonable financial demands, poor spiritual behavior, and the lack of concern for their parishioners. The council was to try and sway protestant reformers back to pure catholicism and the Holy Roman Catholic Church (HRCC). The pope of that time, Pope Paul III did not want change to his lifestyle, but wanted the protestant reformers dealt with. He did not attend the council meetings himself, but had representation there to voice his opinions and maintain his influence. He wanted to make sure the council would not become his superior, nor question his supreme authority. The Council would meet several times over a period of eighteen years, with three main sessions. Participants would change over the course of these meeting as well. Protestants were allowed to attend the second main session, but their demands were not addressed. The hope that the council would reunite Catholics and Protestants(reformers) was destroyed, the divide would only become deeper and everlasting. A major objection and high on the agenda...
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...Cities, since the beginning of time have pivotal events influence its portrayal. However, some events may not represent the most idealistic view and are reflected through an author’s ability to weave their views of the time and city in their writing, bringing along an allegorical message for the reader. The city of Rome has very different portrayals before and after the sack in the 1500s. Aretino’s play, The Courtesan, displays his portrayal of Rome and the Catholic Church being a corrupt dystopia, by using the allegory of prostitution, and reflects these ideas within the play and the characters. After the sack, there was a need of the Catholic Church to revive Rome to a utopian portrayal. Pope Paul III commissioned Caro to write a work to...
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...It started when Martin Luther issued a document to the world, the 95 Theses. His document outline and exposed the abuses of the Catholic church, but it helped people open their eyes. Or was he doing this to establish his own religion? It seems that although he helped people open their eyes about the abuses of the church, it seemed like a perfect plan to branch out his religion. Martin was able to spread his documents and his teachings with the power of the printing press to give their ideas a wide audience.His teachings include - that “salvation came through faith alone: God’s grace is freely and directly granted to believers, and the bible was the only source of religious authority, not the Pope or church leaders.” Martin exposed the church...
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...Surname Instructor Course Date History of the Christian Church Introduction ------------------------------------------------- Top of FormThe Protestant Reformation referred to a religious movement in the 16th century that resulted in the division of Christianity into Catholics and Protestants. Europe was split into the Northern part which was occupied by the Protestants and the Southern part remained occupied by the Roman Catholics (Schaff 105). Christian humanism, on the other hand, refers to an intellectual movement that originated from the Renaissance, and it had the aim of eliminating corruption of the church and also in reviving the classical learning (Schaff 108).Comparison between the two movements These two movements were both aimed at eliminating corruption of the Roman Church, but they used different approaches. Christian Humanism aimed to reform the church by blending in some of the best classical learning to the Christian religion so as to formulate an ethical lifestyle. Protestant Reformation, on the other hand, had deeper demands that were based on doctrinal and theological grounds (Schaff 125). Christian Humanism did not agree with the Roman Catholic Church’s educational approach and hence they wanted to incorporate Renaissance humanism’s educational system which could provide them with solutions to the current problems they were facing at that time. For instance, Jacques Lefevre worked tirelessly so as to formulate an accurate text of the...
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...reformation was not the work of a single rebel deciding the Church had gone too far. It was not a single act of the Church going too far. It was a culmination that had been building for centuries of the laity’s festering anger and doubt at the clergy’s unbridled depravity. The Church needed reform because the Church was corrupt, immoral and politically driven. The corruption of the Catholic Church was present on every level of the organization in every possible from. The corruption of the Church was very apparent in the sexual activities of the clergy and the rampant nepotism present in the Vatican. The Pope that truly exemplifies both of these common and widespread activities. This Pope had three children with Vanozza dei Cattanai and...
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