...Act Answer to Question No. 1 As the conclusion of where I will join college next year rapidly advanced, I decided to enquire the foremost I have selected, Accounting. Because my aim is to become a declared Public Accountant (CPA), I would like to understand more of what it entails. considering with figures, and notes and projecting the profits of a business, accountants are put with the blame of keeping track of the moneys of a business. God has blessed me with abilities in the areas of numbers and association, which initiated me to gaze for an occupation that utilizes both. Accounting appeared a logical alternative since they largely work with numbers and coordinate their clients' money. In alignment to become a CPA, one must obtain a bachelor's degree and work for a prescribed number of hours for a peak accounting firm. Covering a broad spectrum of enterprise associated specialization, accountants and those who proceed as auditors must be adept to determine whether or not a company is utilising their assets efficiently and if they are rightly recording the moneys they come in communicate with. I am cognizant that accountants work with cash and the documenting of it but would like to ascertain exactly what additional the job of a CPA comprises of. Answer to Question No. 2 Since the latest worsening of the American finances and job market, I began to ponder how very simple it would be to attain a job as an accountant. According to Steve French, an accountant for...
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...Time estimates for the questions are based on a three-hour examination. Candidates are responsible for managing the time allocation between the objective-format portion and the case portion as it will not be controlled as part of the examination. Until otherwise advised, for the Elective examinations, candidates can expect two cases for a total of 150 minutes, where the maximum time for any one case is 90 minutes and the minimum is 60 minutes. Candidates will be advised if and when the cases begin to exceed 90 minutes. Chartered Professional Accountants of Canada, CPA Canada, CPA are trademarks and/or certification marks of the Chartered Professional Accountants of Canada. © 2015, Chartered Professional Accountants of Canada. All Rights Reserved. Elective Modules Blueprint – Jan 2015 update FOR THE OBJECTIVE-FORMAT PORTION: ASSURANCE ELECTIVE COMPETENCY AREA WEIGHTINGS CPA Competency Range 1. Financial Reporting 20-40% 2. Strategy & Governance 0-10% 4. Assurance 50-70% 5. Finance 0-10% The objective-format questions will...
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...ShaSha Lei How Psychology Affect My Career Decisions Our career choices are shaped by the personal interest and environment in our lives. This research paper will discuss how interest and environment influenced my career decisions throughout the years. Become a Magician, Veterinarian, Psychologist and Accountant are some of various my career selections in the past 18 years. My early childhood career selection was to become a Magician. Why would I want to become a Magician? Because I read a book called “Charlie and the Chocolate Factory” and I was attracted by those fancy events. In the book, Mr. Wonka has the biggest candy factory in the world, and he can turn impossible things into possible situations. I always thought it would be great if I can have the same ability as him. My career decisions became more realistic while in Middle School and the High School. When I was in Middle School, I wanted to become a Veterinarian after I got my first puppy. I love dogs, and I want to make Veterinarian profession my future career. I found some information about Veterinarians in “Wiki Answers”, which indicates that “Veterinarian are required to study a Biology related major and must graduate with a Doctor of Veterinary Medicine degree from a 6 year program at an accredited college (http://wiki.answers.com). After I saw this reference website; I choose to abandon this career choice because Science is not my favor subject. After Middle School, in High...
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...Abstract This paper is on the based on ethical issues in financial accounting, I picked this subject because I believe that having good morals and ethics is the mainstay of life in general, But in finance and accounting it is very important to have this to be successful in business, which is based on personal, professional and corporate issues that will arise in day to day operation. Introduction Accounting is the profession of Analyzing, collection, recording and posting financial transactions in a manner to provide useful information essential to making financial decisions by leaders in a business or organization. Accounting is also called the language of business. The financial statements are used to communicate the effects of the operation and financial strength of a business or organization. By making comparisons of statements from a company from year to year, a professional could be able to predict the profitability, direction and financial condition of a business or organization (Juan, 2007). It is important that the accounting practice is immune to greed and selfishness, and should be a free emotional reporting function which requires a skillset to handle complex technical skills but have no moral involvement. People think on most financial issues or scandals are problems of disloyalty and distrust (Senaratne, 2011). Can we trust those who run the finances in today’s world? Can Accountants, auditors, bankers can be trusted? Yet when an issue is not...
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...To: Outside CPAs From: CPA Date: November 12, 2012 Subject: Professional responsibilities as a Certified Public Accountant (CPA), difference between a review and an audit; explanations regarding deferred tax methods, accounting changes and error corrections, and establishing a subsidiary as a corporation. CC: manager It has come to my attention that my expertise is warranted for the explanations on the following topics: the methodology used in determining deferred taxes, procedures required for reporting accounting changes and error corrections, and the rationale behind establishing a subsidiary as a corporation. CPA Professional Responsibilities and Roles I am delighted that you seek my expertise in these topics. I want to first give you a brief overview of my professional responsibilities and role as a CPA for this company. As a licensed CPA by the Tennessee State Board of Accountancy (TNSBA), and a current member of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA), I am required to uphold and practice with a level of ethical conduct. I ensure that I have the required educational background and experience, and continue to maintain updated educational recaps every three years. According to the Code of Professional Conduct, members are to have “…a continuous responsibility to cooperate with each other to improve the art of accounting” (AICPA, 2012, para. 1). I am responsible...
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...Ninth Edition CPA Preparatory Program Regulation Negotiable Instruments Sample Brian Hock, CMA, CIA with Dave Fairchild, CPA, CMA HOCK international, LLC P.O. Box 204 Oxford, Ohio 45056 (866) 807-HOCK or (866) 807-4625 (281) 652-5768 www.hockinternational.com cma@hockinternational.com Published August 2011 Acknowledgements Material from Uniform CPA Examination, Selected Questions and Unofficial Answers, Copyright © 1990-2011 by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, Inc., is reprinted and/or adapted with permission. Acknowledgement is due to the Institute of Certified Management Accountants for permission to use questions and problems from past CMA Exams. The questions and unofficial answers are copyrighted by the Certified Institute of Management Accountants and have been used here with their permission. © 2011 HOCK international, LLC No part of this work may be used, transmitted, reproduced or sold in any form or by any means without prior written permission from HOCK international, LLC. Thanks The author would like to thank the following people for their assistance in the production of this material: Kevin Hock for his work in the formatting and layout of the material, Lynn Roden, CMA for her assistance in the technical elements of the material, All of the staff of HOCK Training and HOCK international for their patience in the multiple revisions of the material, The students of HOCK Training in all of our classrooms and...
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...CPA Report Michelle Richardson ACC/545 Internal Control Systems September 10, 2012 Jeffrey Mitchell Memo Accounting Professionals, Inc. To: Management From: Michelle Richardson CC: Jeffrey Mitchell Date: September 10, 2012 RE: CPA Report ________________________________________________________________________ Per your request, this memo provides explanations regarding a subsidiary that has recently been set up as a corporation. This explanation includes the procedures for reporting accounting changes and error corrections, the methodology used to determine deferred taxes, and the rationale for establishing the subsidiary as a corporation. According to the AICPA (2012), “licensed CPAs are subject to regulation by their respective state boards of accountancy and strict professional ethics rules adopted by the boards to protect the public against fraud, incompetence and conflicts of interest” (para. 1). As such, the responses to the outside CPA’s in regard to the above-mentioned matters will be handled with the utmost diligence. In addition, to clarify the questions regarding the differences between reviews and audits, an audit is the “accumulation and evaluation of evidence about information to determine and report on the degree of correspondence between the information and established criteria” (Arens, Elder, & Beasley, 2006, p. 19). Reviews, on the other hand, are a “form of attestation in which a CPA firm issues a written report concerning historical...
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...CPA Report Dawn Rouse ACC545 December 9, 2013 Jeffrey Mitchell CPA Report INTERNAL MEMO TO: Management FROM: Dawn Rouse, CPA RE: CPA Report ------------------------------------------------- DATE: December 9, 2013 ------------------------------------------------- I’m writing to let give you the rough draft of the information that I will provide to the CPAs in response to their questions about the subsidiary. You will find my responses to their questions along with the information you request regarding the responsibilities of a CPA and the differences between a review and an audit. US GAAP (SFAS 109) requires deferred taxes to be computed under the liability method. This method states that deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized when there is a temporary difference between the stated value of an asset or liability for tax purposes and the value for financial reporting purposes. Deferred tax is contingent on future revenue and income being sufficient to offset the deferred tax. When an asset’s carrying value exceeds its tax basis the result is deferred tax and when it is less it is considered a tax asset. When a liability’s carrying value exceeds its tax basis, the result is a tax asset and when it is less it’s a tax liability. SFAS 154 requires “retrospective application” for any voluntary changes in accounting principles. Restating comparative financial statements to show the new method as if it had been applied the whole time is retrospective...
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...CPA Report Laura Sferra Acc/545 November 3, 2014 Mr. Hung Tran We are currently in a review engagement with XYZ CPA firm. The CPAs from this firm will be performing procedures (primarily analytical procedures and inquires) that will provide a reasonable basis for obtaining limited assurance that there are no material modifications that should be made to the financial statements for them to be in conformity with Generally Accepted Accounting Principals (GAAP). A review does not obtain an understanding of this organization's internal control, assess fraud risk, test accounting records or other procedures ordinarily performed in an audit. The CPAs will issue a review report stating that the review was performed in accordance with Statements on Standards for Accounting and Review Services. This report will not issue an opinion ( as with an audit) but will state that a review is substantially less scope than an audit and that the CPA is not aware of may material modifications that should be made to the financial statements for them to be in conformity with GAAP. It will also state that the financial statements are the responsibility of management. As a professional accountant within this organization I am responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of the financial statements in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principals. It is my role to ensure and safeguard the integrity...
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...This memo outlines the following questions: What is the methodology used in determining deferred taxes, what is the procedures for reporting accounting changes and error corrections, and what is the rationale behind establishing the subsidiary as a corporation. It will also detail the professional responsibilities of a CPA and what the differences between a review and an audit are. The professional responsibilities of a CPA are to uphold the rules set forth by the State board of Certified Public Accountants, and to conduct ourselves in a manner bound by the rules of the AICPA’s Professional Code of Conduct. They also include: independence, scope of service, confidentiality, practice development, and difference on accounting issues. A CPA at all times should maintain a high level of ethical conduct that goes above and beyond society’s laws. As a CPA we are to keep our professional judgment unbiased and base our opinions on factual information and keep all personal interest separate from the work. CPA’s should keep all client information confidential, and only report information deemed necessary for investors and outside users, as well as determine and discuss with the client and differences in accounting issues that relate to transactions are handled so that they may be resolves in an accurate and timely manner (Schroeder, 2005). The difference between and audit and a review is that an audit provides a basis for an opinion for a company’s financials. A review on the...
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...CPA Report Bambi Snyder ACC/545 December 16, 2013 Brooke Call CPA Report Memorandum To: Brooke Call, Management From: Bambi M. Snyder, CPA Date: 12/16/2013 ------------------------------------------------- Re: Professional Responsibilities of a CPA and the Difference between a Review and an Audit Professional Responsibilities of a CPA There are many professional responsibilities a CPA acquires when they accept the CPA license and a job position. As you may know, there have been many news reviews that have given the CPA name a bad reputation. The largest CPA scandal was the Arthur Anderson and Enron scandal in 2002. Unethical and illegal actions played a large role in the said scandal which in turn resulted in many people losing their investments in Enron and many employees being prosecuted by the criminal court system. One of the major responsibilities of a CPA is to remain and act ethical inside and outside of the business. Confidentiality is a major ethic hassle many CPAs have had a difficult time with. The information in a company is vital to the operations of the company. Leaking the vital information to the public or to the company’s competitors is an unethical action. When a CPA is hired by a company to review the financial statements of a company, which is their only job they must do. Preparing income tax refund papers, giving tax advice, or any other information to the management of the company is against the scope of practice what the CPA was hired...
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...CPA Report Financial Reporting June 4, 2012 A subsidiary is its own legal entity that is governed by a board of directors. For independence, the subsidiary corporation has its own liability and is separate from the parent corporation for taxation and regulatory guidance from state and federal agencies. Control over the subsidiary is maintained by the parent corporation holding more than fifty-percent shareholder value and voting rights in the subsidiary charter. The professional responsibilities of the certified public accountant (CPA) are to provide assurance services and attestation services that include an audit and review of historical financial statements and internal control effectiveness of reporting financial transactions. These services are usually divided between two separate CPA firms to review asset and revenue balances of subsidiaries which make up a portion of the totality of the parent company’s financial statements. A review of financial statement transactions by a certified public accountant consists of an analysis of accounting procedures to determine if there are errors in financial reporting and that they adhere to generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). During this phase, the CPA will consult with management and accounting staff with a follow up of the organization’s written policies to determine that financial statements are prepared in conformity to GAAP. The audit of financial statements include a testing of...
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...I am writing to express my interest in the position stated above. My academic background of CPA and an ongoing degree (4th year) in Economics and mathematics at the University of Nairobi have equipped me with requisite skills in :supplier reconciliation, preparing and resolving bank reconciliations, billing, general ledger ,preparation of financial statements, handling the three primary data entry books, invoicing, revenue and also inventory management roles. Not only have I learned to conduct these activities and roles but also know how to coordinate and correlate each activities with the Company`s objectives, in order to improve efficiency and effectiveness of processes by minimizing input of resources and maximizing output. Recently undertaking a course in Statistical packages for social scientists, I have gained knowledge and skills relating to data entry, manipulation and analysis .I have been on attachment at the Kenyatta National Hospital from September 2014 to January 2015, where I have acquired skills necessary for the accounting profession and have also acquired experience in the use of accounting software and proficiency in Microsoft office. Additionally, I possess strong communication skills and a good working knowledge of administrative procedures, applications of QuickBooks and sage systems as well as various computer applications and programs. I strongly believe I am the suitable candidate for this position in view of my background, professional and education...
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...CPA Educational Requirements (Florida) top To qualify as a candidate for the Certified Public Accountant (CPA) examination, the following requirements must be fulfilled (as quoted from the State of Florida website): 1. A bachelor's degree from an accredited college or university, unless one is using the provisions of the foreign rule. The Board accepts degrees from schools accredited by the following associations : Middle States Association, New England Association, North Central Association, Northwest Association, Southern Association of Colleges and Schools, Western Association of Schools and Colleges, Association of Independent Schools and Colleges who have been approved by the Florida State Board of Independent Colleges and Universities, and Canadian Schools who have been approved by their provincial educational bodies. 2. The accounting education program must consist of 36 semester hours of upper division accounting courses including coverage of tax, auditing, financial, and cost accounting. The business education program must consist of 39 semester hours of upper division general business courses with some exceptions. One micro-economics, one macro-economics, one statistics, one business law, and one introduction to computers course may be lower division. As part of the general business hours, applicants are required to have a total of six semester hours of business law courses which must cover contracts, torts, and the Uniform Commercial Code. Excess upper division...
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...advance further. Not only do others respect and admire your Accounting education, “CPAs achieve a level of expertise and proficiency beyond that of a “standard” accountant-proudly earning them the designation of CPA” (NASBA). While preparing for the CPA exam, you further your accounting knowledge with extensive studying of vigorous material. In addition to prestige and respect, by becoming a CPA, you stand out to potential employers. Earning your CPA proves you have the commitment to your career and will help your career advancements as well as job security. CPAs have a variety of talents that many businesses look for. Many prospective employers are interested in individuals who have knowledge in Auditing, International Financial Reporting, and Tax Advisory Services, which are all topics that are tested on the CPA exam. The CPA exam tests on IFRS and GAAP which will help enhance your knowledge in international accounting. The U.S. is in motion to prepare to adopt IFRS and this extensive knowledge will help you prepare for growing globalization and a move towards IFRS. Holding the title of CPA, coupled with international accounting knowledge, almost guarantees a higher salary. According to the 2009 Robert Half Salary Guide, a CPA license can mean a different of 10% between them and their non-licensed peers (NASBA). Furthermore, there are many unique privileges and opportunities that are available to CPAs like signing audit opinions, working for the FBI, financial consultancy, or providing...
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