...Crime Prevention Concepts and Theory, Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) And Other Such Preventative Programs AJS 502 University of Phoenix Crime Prevention Concepts and Theory, Such as Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) And Other Such Preventative Programs Before we can start with an item with prevention of crime we should have a concept of a crime. The definition of crime is an act or deed may be a positive, which a person performs one or so body motions and commit a violation of the law itself, or using instruments, mechanisms or persons. The action can be defined as characteristic unlawful and guilty. Commission of a crime these factors will exist; the will of an active subject have an offense with the intent; activity, which is the act, the movement of the human body designed to produce the act; results of conduct is the desired goal achieved by an agent under criminal law; causation is the ligament to the conduct with the result that may be material. This links bind the cause and effect without the latter cannot attribute to the cause. The Subject is the committer of a crime can be called delinquent or criminal agent. Age, gender does not matter; minorities contribute to responsibility, nationality, and other characteristics. The different highlights of the special qualities will always require an active subject. A person is responsible for the damage caused is a passive Subject. This person can also be called a victim or offender...
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...out of their cars they would not be able to respond to the need of the people in an ideal rate of time. Once this was put in to practice for a few months, a study showed that in fact there was not a decrease in crime but an increase. However, the residence of the cities that had foot patrol felt safer that those who lived in cities who did not have foot patrol. However, research showed that both areas were the same in crime rating. Crime Prevention through Environmental Design (CPTED) is a multi-disciplinary approach to deterring any criminal action by criminals. The strategies of CPTED mainly rely on the ability to change a willing offenders mind about any criminal action. CPTED applies the Broken Windows Theory by changing small things to make the people in the area feel safer. In cleaning up the neighborhood by painting the building, putting in new lighting, repairing sidewalks, and having police patrol the area ever so often would help prevent would be criminals. An example of CPTED would be where an old rundown neighborhood is renovated and it makes the residents feel...
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...Paper/Presentation (Due Week Ten (10)): Write a 5-7 page paper on the purpose of Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) and how it is used in public and private security. Create an 8-10 Power Point slide presentation on your paper. The presentation should include at least 3 graphics. This paper should adhere to APA style standards including the following: Double space, 1” margins, title page, in text citation of references, and a reference page. See the Assignment #3 Grading Rubric for grading criteria. Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design, is based on the knowledge and understanding that proper design and effective use and implementation of the environment can lead to a reduction in the fear and incidence of crime, as well as an improvement in the quality of life. CPTED has a creed which believes that all possibilities for natural crime prevention should be used, before involving mechanical and organized strategies; which many feel is much more user friendly and customer service oriented than the methods of past use. While we gain knowledge and understand the designing principles used to discourage crime through CPTED; the conceptual framework is simple to grasp by acknowledging buildings and properties are designed to prevent damage from various forces including natural disasters, and crime prevention. Although we understand that CPTED is not a cure or band aid for criminal behavior due to the complexity of various components; however we understand that this...
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...was lock away mainframes in the server room. Times have changed, technology has advanced and now comes in many forms. Security is very crucial to any organization, and physical security is no exception. Organizations are not just prone to cyber attacks, but as well breaking and entering, trespassing, natural disaster, fire, flood and much more. Physical security protects people, data, equipment’s, systems and facilities etc. Facility management is very important to any organization. It protects company assets. CPTED “is a discipline that outlines how the proper design of a physical environment can reduce crime by directly affecting human behavior”. It helps to provide support in loss and crime through proper facility construction and procedures. CPTED provides three main approaches to provide overall security. Which include natural access control, natural surveillance, and natural territorial reinforcement. It’s the best approach to build a facility through the CPTED approach. It’s also best to follow proper maintenance and procedures pertaining to physical security. For examples facility keys should only be assigned by the facility management and should be documented. Procedures should be written out clearly stating, how the keys should be distributed, inventoried or even destroyed given the circumstances. On any facility, it’s imperative to enforce access control, to prevent unauthorized personnel from accessing the facility and its best practice to document the people that...
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...of general security and safety in the overall environment.” (Garris, 2013) Residents will feel more comfortable, and will be willing to spend more if they feel secure in their living environment. “When establishing the right mix of comfort and security, the trick is to incorporate security measures without making them completely obvious. It’s not about being stealth, but about providing a safe environment that feels like home. “ (Garris, 2013) Security should not interfere with the daily lives or residents, but should be non-invasive and convenient. “In order to make them feel secure, contractors must keep in mind the existing environmental concerns, as well as access to resources in case of an incident. The CPTED model is crucial to accomplishing this as, “The CPTED (Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design) is a discipline that structures the proper architectural design of a physical environment to reduce...
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...beginning of this new project. The location that the construction will take place borders a high crime urban area. When we construct this building we want our residents to feel safe while living here whether they are parking their vehicle or just exiting or entering the apartment building. Our design will not include ground floor apartments simply because we feel that there is no security and public to private entrance will only increase the possibility of a crime to happen. In order to do this we would have to apply the crime prevention through environmental design concept. Crime prevention through environmental design or CPTED reduces the opportunity of crime occurring. We know that it is impossible to mitigate crime permanently so we take every precaution we can to reduce it by a large percentage. To be effective and truly implement the CPTED principles, the design factors must be blended with the social (human) factors of the environment. This blend requires the involvement of trained and dedicated individuals, (a mix of government, neighborhood, and business representatives) from its design through it use, individuals from very diverse disciplines coming together to design an environment for people to experience life without fear, and improving the quality of life for all individuals where they live, where they work, and where they play or relax, now and in the future. (Krehnke, 2009) Territoriality The first thing I am going to touch basis on is territoriality...
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...Incorporating School Safety Devices into School Plant Planning Michael Hassell Providence College October 7, 2013 Background and History Schools should be safe and secure places for all students, teachers, and staff members. Without a safe learning environment, teachers may have difficulty teaching and students may find their environment a difficult one in which to learn. (DeVoe, J. et al., 2012). Priorities set by schools, local authorities, and state and federal government have prompted the nation to focus on improving the safety of American schools. The safety of our school facilities has become one of the largest issues in education and has continued to be a concern of great importance. Although the most recent national indicators demonstrate that larger gains have been made in recent years, safety issues remain substantial problems in US school buildings. Between 2004 and 2012, there was a 46 percent decrease in the violent crime victimization rate at school. Despite this decline, students who are between the ages of 12 through 18 were victims of about 700,000 violent crimes and 1.2 million crimes of theft at school in the year 2012. (DeVoe, J. et al., 2012). Among the top trends in school safety are violence, theft, bullying, drugs, and most importantly, firearms. These issues continue to grow in many schools throughout the country indicating that more remains to be done to make our school facilities safer. Furthermore, accurate...
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...Closed Captioned Television and Increased Lighting Intervention Sara Robin Bailey Option 3: A Review of Literature Related to Interventions University of Central Florida Page Break Abstract This research paper will explore the CPTED technique of surveillance, examining increased lighting and CCTV; closed captioned television in particular. Baker and Lyons (1978) explained how increased lighting can be a strong deterrent for crime and have many benefits relating to crime prevention. The article explains the different kinds of lighting techniques and how each one is beneficial to a particular property. The second article, Lighting Research & Technology pertaining to increased lighting explains how an LED bulb can enhance visual accessibility, precieved brightness, and better reflect natural colors of objects. Next we go on to discuss both the benefits and issues associated with closed captioned television (CCTV). Augustine...
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...Senior member of the security team: Keith Kristy How large is Ryerson in geographical, terms of student? - 38 000 undergraduate - 1700 support staff - 780 faculty - intermingle streets • Crew security reports to the security manager • 168 Occupational health and safety ‘ • Brand new position: IT , own firewall and backbone to protect confidential information • Everyone reports to the assistant director manager • Everyone reports to the VP of finance: this is what it comes down to What is the purpose of having a security department: - formulate risk management - protection of people, property and information What is the purpose of the heads of the different heads: - The whole cycle has evolved - Harassment and violence free - Manage the people, place and money, timing for work (for having managers and supervisors) How do you determine the amount of employees should be deployed - deployed during the bussiest time - they have a formula (square footage formula) bases the amount of security that is required - have to look at budgets also affect how to deploy employees What kind of reports are done on the daily - they write about 5000 repors / year - ORCA report writing system - What ever happens there always has to be a report that is written - Daily briefs for any inncidents, basically gives a synopsus on what they did Formal reports that get sent to external agencies - PCR (provision of care reports) medical...
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...Evaluation of Security Programs SEC 420 Case Study 1 01/16/2016 Case Study 1 I just won a bid to construct a high-rise residential apartment building. The complex is to be located in an area of the city which borders a high-crime urban area on one side, and industrial facilities on the other. This will present several challenges that will require strategic planning to overcome or reduce the level of risk or threats. The construction will be built with a design that accommodates the needs of the occupants and owners especially those involving security and territorial space. Considering the industrial facilities surrounding the apartment it is important that the building will suit residents that are associated to the industrial facilities in the area. The building will have a modern designed with an attractive complex structure for people who are looking for an apartment. I will consider the following factors that will incorporate the needs of the occupants and owners, which include; territoriality; natural surveillance; design guidelines; territory and personal defense strategies; and confidence restoration strategies. I begin with territoriality of the construction planning. According to Robert A. Gander “Territoriality involves an individual's perception of, and relationship with, the environment. A strong sense of territoriality encourages an individual to take control of his or her environment and defend it against attack.” In order to accomplish...
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...Terms Causality. A concept more applicable to the hard sciences. Does the appearance of X cause effect Y? In a perfect relationship, the appearance of X would always cause the effect Y. each and every time the relationship is seen. Empirical Validity. This is the most important factor in evaluating a theory, and means that the theory has been supported by research evidence. Ideology. A belief system and a set of core values or philosophy. In a pure sense, an ideology states or explains how things should be, and a theory explains how things actually are. Internal Logical Consistency. A theory needs to be presented in a logical manner and to have clearly stated propositions that agree with or do not contradict one another. Restated, does the theory make logical and consistent sense? Macro. Macro theories of criminal behavior explain the “big picture” of crime—crime across the world or across a society. They attempt to answer why there are variations in group rates of crime. Other authors have used the terms “epidemiology” or social structural theories. Micro. Micro theories of criminal behavior focus on a small group of offenders or on an individual crime. They attempt to answer why some individuals are more likely than others to commit crime. Other authors have used the terms “individual conduct” or processual theories. Necessary Condition. This means that X must be present to produce effect Y. If X is notpresent, Y will not occur. Parsimony...
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...Is it possible to lessen crime through these measures in a society that is so concerned with ethics, personal freedoms and that is divided into numerous economic, racial, and sexual orientation inequalities? I will argue that situational crime prevention and crime prevention through environmental design cannot be effective and ethical at the same time for the reason that many communities are not ready to take actions and responsibilities that overlook certain social differences. The change in how crime is perceived and prevented has to come from within communities and the will for that change has to shift from individualistic values to shared values. Situational crime prevention (SCP) and crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED) theories are...
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...Gang Violence 1 Running Head: GANG VIOLENCE IN SALINAS Gang Violence in Salinas Angelica Mejia-Rutland Portland State University Gang Violence 2 There are certain distinct crime problems that notably stand out to the citizens of a community. Problems that the community would like addressed, reduced, and eventually eradicated. The crime problem I would like to address in this paper is the dilemma with gang violence in the community I was raised in, Salinas, California. I will explain the problem, the underlying theory of the root causes of the problem, and deliver a proposition on what we can do to fix it. I was born and raised in a town in central California called Salinas. While I currently reside in Washington State with my husband, I typically spend five months out of a year in Salinas. For as long as I can recall, Salinas has always had a strong presence of gang members dwelling in the community. “There are several hundred gang-related crimes in Monterey County annually. These crimes include homicide, felony assault, robbery, and other[s]. In Monterey County there are over 60 active gangs with an estimated 3,000 individuals involved in various levels of gang activity. Of the 60 active gangs, 16 are located in Salinas with an estimated 1,500 [certified] members” (http://www.scyp.org). Salinas has always seemed to have had a reputation for gang violence. “One of...
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...CERTIFIED SAFETY AND HEALTH EXAMINATION SAMPLE QUESTIONS The Certified Safety and Health Examination Practice Items are intended to familiarize prospective examinees with the style and format of the CSHM examination questions. There are 36 objective practice items contained in this Guide, whereas the actual CSHM examination contains 150 objective items. The 150 test items will have the following weighted breakdown. Management and Leadership Principles and Methods (21% of test/32 questions) Risk Identification, Management and Control (35% of test/52 questions) EHS Operations, Programs and Applications (28% of test/42 questions) Incident Investigation and Performance Evaluation (16% of test/24 questions) Exams administered outside the United States will be in US English. Exam questions for candidates in this category will contain fewer questions that pertain only to the United States (i.e. OSHA, NIOSH, etc.) None of these practice items will be found on the actual CSHM certification examination. These practice items are only meant to be representative of the type of items found on the certification examination. Following the practice items is a quick scoring key and the rationales for the answers. Remember to select the BEST answer. Good luck! I. GENERAL AND BUSINESS MANAGEMENT 1. A hazard analysis can be used to evaluate a potential hazard; what other information should be considered? a. b. c. d. Injury reports Statistical data Risk assessment Fatality investigations ...
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...FOUNDATION Connecting Research in Security to Practice Crisp Report ABOUT THE CRISP SERIES OF REPORTS Connecting Research in Security to Practice (CRISP) reports provide insights into how different types of security issues can be tackled effectively. Drawing on research and evidence from around the world, each report summarizes the prevailing knowledge about a specific aspect of security, then recommends proven approaches to counter the threat. Connecting scientific research with existing security actions helps form good practices. This series invites experts in specialist aspects of security to present their views on how to understand and tackle a security problem, using the best research evidence available. Reports are written to appeal to security practitioners in different types of organizations and at different levels. Readers will inevitably adapt what is presented to meet their own requirements. They will also consider how they can integrate the recommended actions with existing or planned programs in their organizations. This CRISP report focuses on firearms in the workplace and their relationship with workplace violence. Author Dana Loomis, PhD, discusses how firearms end up at workplaces, and then assesses a host of opportunities to prevent any ensuing problems. His recommendations provide solid ideas on how organizations can avoid becoming victims of workplace violence, and how to implement recommended solutions. His discussion helps security practitioners...
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