..." Topic * India Cricket A Test match lasts five days and, if it goes the distance, 2,700 legal deliveries are bowled through that period. In one-day internationals (ODIs), it is 600 balls, and in Twenty20 (T20) the number is 240. If someone could get a cricketer to fix just five or six balls in a match, they could collect huge gambling profits without anyone noticing. And the possibilities for fixes are almost endless. Before the match Bets are taken on predicting the playing squad, and fixers have allegedly prevailed upon players to pull out minutes before the start of a game. The toss comes next, and, in the past, a corrupt captain could fix even that, by quickly picking up the coin and congratulating the opposing captain on his "winning" the toss. Bets can also be placed on who will open the batting and from which ends, and on who is going to bowl the first over. Such decisions are somewhat random and therefore fixes are hard to detect. During the match Punters can wager on any event and on every ball. Examples: how many runs a batsman will score; if he will hit the next ball for a six, four, single or simply pat it back to the bowler; the mode of his dismissal; which bowler is going to get him out; or when a bowler will deliver a no-ball or wide. "The odds of a batsman getting out hit-wicket are as high as 80 to one," a Mumbai bookmaker said. "So imagine the money to be made if a punter or bookmaker could convince a batsman to get out in that mode." The same...
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...‘If’ and ‘Vitai Lampada’ Essay The poem “If-“ is about making possibilities into realities. A good example of this is a boy turning into a man, with the father making a guide to success. "If-" contains a multitude of characteristics deemed essential to the ideal man. They almost all express stoicism and reserve – the classic British "stiff upper lip." It is a didactic poem in the form of a dramatic monologue from the father. The three main ideas behind the poem defining a man are: Patience, Determination and risk-taking. The poem was written in 1895 by Rudyard Kipling, the same time as the Jameson Raid happened in South Africa against Paul Kruger’s Transvaal republic. He states in his 1937 autobiography that this war was the main drive behind writing this poem. We can infer from this that the poem was written as a form of hope after the British failed they’re raid against the Boers. The first theme I will be discussing is patience. The father provides didactic advice to his son to encourage him to remain patient: “If you can keep your head when all about you/Are losing theirs and blaming it on you” Kipling uses the second person pronoun to direct his monologue to the audience in question, his son. The poet asks us to patiently wait for our efforts to reach fruition because all good things take time: If you can wait and not be tired by waiting, Or being lied about, don't deal in lies, Or being hated, don't give way to hating, And yet don't look too good, nor talk too...
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...Comparative analysis of the gambling industry in India & the United States of America (USA). Study @ New York University. By: Anupam Sabat, 3C BBA Amity International Business School, Noida. Acknowledgement At the onset, I would like to thank our esteemed faculty at Amity International Business School, Prof. Dr. Arun Sacher, for his encouraging words and his guidance. It was really he who constantly motivated us & pushed us to our limits & in the process, helped us realize & scale newer & higher peaks. He constantly challenged us to strive for excellence & in doing so, enabled us to perform to the best of our abilities. INTRODUCTION Gambling is one of the oldest industries in the world. According to the UK Gambling Act 2005, betting or gambling means ‘the making or accepting of a bet on the outcome of a race, competition or other event or process; the likelihood of anything occurring or not occurring; or whether anything is or is not.’ It is regarded by some as a vice and sinful activity which corrupts the society. Others view gambling as a harmless form of entertainment (I, personally, believe in the latter notion). Some also look at it in economic terms. Legalized casino gambling, be it in Las Vegas, London and/or Macau rose out of the desire for economic stimulus. Overall, society has taken a cautious view of gambling. Only limited types of games are legalized. The reason for gambling being heavily regulated (and...
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...CONTENTS |Introduction |2 | |Main part |3 | |The British. The main features of the British character. |3 | |History of british sport |5 | |Sports invented in Great Britain |6 | |Framework of sport in Britain. |10 | |Modern Sport in Great Britain: Structure, Administration, Funding, Popularity, Sport media and Diseases. |13 | |Elite level sport |15 | |6.1. Elite level team sports |15 | |6.2. Elite level individual sports |22...
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...Introduction The chosen organisation for the purpose of this assignment is the England and Wales Cricket Board (hereafter ECB). The ECB is the governing body of cricket in both England and Wales and was created on the 1st January 1997, replacing the National Cricket Association and the Test and County Cricket Board. It has increasingly turned to commercial revenue generation to support its activities and raises revenue from the proceeds of broadcasting, sponsorship, the sale of merchandise and through the sale of tickets for International cricket fixtures hosted at venues throughout England and Wales. Hoult (2014) comments that as a result of new broadcasting deals and increasing profits, the ECB has faced increased pressure from County Clubs and the associated Test Match venues to alter its previous ticketing and test match venue selection policy. From 2017 ticketing costs and revenue will no longer be the sole responsibility of the Test venue and instead the venue and the ECB will share ticket revenue. The remainder of this essay will therefore focus on commercial revenue, notably the sale of England Team Test match tickets. It will introduce economic theories relevant to the sports market and will attempt to assess the usefulness of economic theory in analysing demand for these products. It will discuss the response made by the sport market to an increase in the price of these products and will examine strategies the ECB can use to increase its market share. ...
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...Money laundering in football - lessons for the sports industry on Wednesday, 21 December 2011. Hits 2915 Written By Kevin Carpenter[->0] Money laundering in football is not a new phenomenon but the poor financial health of world football overall has lead to increased scrutiny in recent years by leading organisations such as Transparency International ('TI') (the world’s leading non-governmental anti-corruption organisation) and the Financial Action Task Force (‘FATF’) (an independent inter-governmental body that develops and promotes policies to protect the global financial system against money laundering and terrorist financing). Indeed TI has suggested that, ”Vulnerabilities in the sector's financing and due diligence practices, culture and structure are seen…as creating an environment conducive to money laundering by organised crime.“ The concerns have been compounded by two recent high profile cases in the UK then this makes it a good time to analyse this ever present threat. What is money laundering and why is football a target? Money laundering is the process by which proceeds of crime (so called "dirty money" or “criminal property”) are changed so that the proceeds appear to have come from a legitimate source. The proceeds of crime is money, or other assets, that have been acquired or generated through criminal activities in the UK or abroad. There are three main areas of vulnerability in the football sector which can be identified: The sector’s structure – market...
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...------------------------------------------------- Topic: Spot fixing in cricket matches. 1. Introduction Spot fixing in sports is the practice of fixing a specific segment within a match. It usually involves a player agreeing, prior to the game that he will perform in a particular way. In cricket this might involve a batsman agreeing to only get a certain number of runs, or a bowler bowling a consecutive number of wide balls in a particular over, etc. Spot fixing stands in contrast to match fixing which refers to the practice of fixing the result of an entire match rather than the performance of one or more individual players within it. By its very nature then, spot fixing is a more discreet manipulation of a game, making it much more difficult to detect than match fixing. Spot fixing in cricket has rapidly increased for the last few years. It’s becoming impossible to detect as well. “Spot-fixing, the manipulation of individual incidents within a match which may not affect the result, is a more insidious crime and one which can be impossible to detect.” (Mehaffey,2012). The players are becoming addicted to it as it is less risky and also it will help them to earn more money within a short period of time. Spot fixing is becoming a great threat. Betting houses and gamblers are aware of it and they are putting more money on cricket. It’s not the only concern for cricket but also the money that has been earned through betting are used to illegal activities such as buying...
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...Profitable Sports Gambling Fabián Enrique Moya B.Sc., Anáhuac University, 2001 Project Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science Statistical Methodology for by Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science Faculty of Science in the SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY Summer 2012 © Fabián Enrique Moya 2012 All rights reserved. However, in accordance with the Copyright Act of Canada, this work may be reproduced, without authorization, under the conditions for “Fair Dealing.” Therefore, limited reproduction of this work for the purposes of private study, research, criticism, review and news reporting is likely to be in accordance with the law, particularly if cited appropriately. Approval Name: Degree: Title of Project: Examining Committee: Fabián Enrique Moya Master of Science (Applied Statistics) STATISTICAL METHODOLOGY FOR PROFITABLE SPORTS GAMBLING Chair: Dr. Carl Schwarz, Professor Dr. Tim Swartz Senior Supervisor Professor Dr. Paramjit Gill Committee Member Professor, Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of British Columbia – Okanagan Dr. Joan Hu External Examiner Professor Date Defended/Approved: July 24, 2012 ii Partial Copyright Licence The author, whose copyright is declared on the title page of this work, has granted to Simon Fraser University the right to lend this thesis, project or extended essay to users if the Simon Fraser University Library, and to make partial or...
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...biographies, magazines, and various newspapers. He used these sources most likely because they were readily available at the time and provided him with many hands-on experiences and a direct source of information from that time period. Goldstein portrayed throughout the book that baseball went from a club-based fraternity sport based on pure enjoyment to a business that was profit driven as well as a boyish sport to a manly one. He states that baseball has “two very different kinds of histories: one linear, chronological, and cumulative, the other cyclical, generational, and repetitive” (Goldstein 2). The origin of the sport began in the nineteenth century. Baseball was created by taking three different sports – town ball, rounders, and cricket – and blending some of the rules of those games into what was then called “base ball.” Before the Civil War, baseball was played out of pure enjoyment. The first baseball club, the Knickerbockers, played themselves at first but eventually started to play other clubs in 1846. The members had occupations varying from firefighters, policemen, barkeeps, and more. Playing other teams created competition, which in turn brought up the idea of every team having their own specific uniform, captains, and an umpire at every game to call the shots. Soon enough there started to become spectators of the game which sometimes caused an uproar when they did not agree with the umpire’s call. Eventually, there were regularized rules of the game. For instance...
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...Sport (or sports) is all forms of usually competitive physical activity which,[1] through casual or organised participation, aim to use, maintain or improve physical ability and skills while providing entertainment to participants, and in some cases, spectators.[2] Hundreds of sports exist, from those requiring only two participants, through to those with hundreds of simultaneous participants, either in teams or competing as individuals. Sport is generally recognised as activities which are based in physical athleticism or physical dexterity, with the largest major competitions such as the Olympic Games admitting only sports meeting this definition,[3] and other organisations such as the Council of Europe using definitions precluding activities without a physical element from classification as sports.[2] However, a number of competitive, but non-physical, activities claim recognition as mind sports. The International Olympic Committee (through ARISF) recognises both chess and bridge as bona fide sports, and SportAccord, the international sports federation association, recognises five non-physical sports,[4][5] although limits the amount of mind games which can be admitted as sports.[1] Sports are usually governed by a set of rules or customs, which serve to ensure fair competition, and allow consistent adjudication of the winner. Winning can be determined by physical events such as scoring goals or crossing a line first, or by the determination of judges who are scoring elements...
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...The Money or The Passion: Is Money in Professional Sport Ruining the Ethos of the Game? Ross Schreuder Supervisor: Mr. Werth English Teacher: Mrs. Schroeder Table of Contents 1. Introduction 3 2. History and Evolution of Sport 3 3. What is the Ethos of Sport? 4 4. Positive and Negative Influences of Money in Sport and an Evaluation of their Impact on its Ethos 5 4.1 Doping: 5 4.2 Throwing Matches/ Match Fixing: 6 4.3 Other Factors Contributing to Unethical Behaviour in Sport 7 4.4 Sportsmanship vs. Gamesmanship 8 4.5 The Money in Barclays Premier League 9 4.5.1 Stadium naming rights 10 4.5.2 Transfers and Individual Sponsorships 10 4.6 Philanthropy 11 5. Conclusion 11 Bibliography 12 1. Introduction Money is, undoubtedly, evident in every aspect of professional sport. Player sponsorships and contracts, team ownership, stadia, media - its everywhere. If sport was not about the game, then arguably, sport would be about the money. Each and every week, transfers of players are made, ticket offices receive income, and money is handed from one profiteering person to the next. Where sport is widely thought to be about fair play, professional sport is, in fact, like war. There can only be one winner and what one team or individual gains, the other loses. Many sportsmen and women around the world are caught up with winning, not just because of the prowess of a title but, also because professionalism is now about money and...
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...Summary of Tim Durham’s Ponzi scheme The alleged fraud is over $200 million. Durham’s main holdings were his leveraged buyout firm Obsidian Enterprises, Inc. and Fair Financial Services, both headquartered in Indianapolis, IN. When Durham acquired Fair in a 2002 leveraged buyout, it was a factoring company that purchased accounts receivable from businesses at a discount, profiting when the accounts were paid in full. It financed its operations by selling “investment certificates” to individual investors. According to the indictment, Durham and his cohorts immediately changed Fair’s business. Rather than using the $200 million they raised from investors to purchase receivables, they instead loaned the funds to themselves and their various business entities. When the loans went unpaid, Fair turned into a Ponzi scheme—taking money from new investors to pay certificates that came due. Now that the merry-go-round has stopped, it is estimated that over 5,400 parties—many of them small mom-and-pop investors—have lost over $200 million. The legal battles began with claims from disgruntled investors. In November 2009, the FBI raided the Obsidian offices in Indianapolis and seized its records. On February 8, 2010, the unpaid investors forced Fair into an involuntary bankruptcy proceeding. Shortly after his appointment, the bankruptcy trustee filed suit seeking to recover the money that had been improperly diverted from Fair. The lawsuit language promised to prove a “fraud of...
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...professional Twenty20 cricket league which is conducted in India annually by franchise teams representing Indian cities. The IPL is the mostwatched Twenty20 league worldwide. In 2010, the IPL became the first sporting event to be broadcast live on YouTube. The brand value of the 2014 Indian Premier League was estimated to be US$7.2 billion. Cricket is one of the game which includes lots of betting and predictions. Due to this reason many researchers try out different methods to introduce new models to predict the result of the match. In this report we are making an attempt to predict the outcomes of some of the most important matches that will be played in the Indian Premier league in the forth coming year from April 8 to May 29. We use the Poisson distribution to create a model with which we will be able to predict (1) if there is any Home ground advantage to the home team, 2) Probability of the total runs per over that will be scored in the match by individual teams, finally we will predict which team will win the match using this model. We use the data from the previous seasons 2014 and 2015 to predict these matches. This model introduces you to predicting individual matches which can be further developed into an advanced model with which you can predict the season results and individual scores of a single batsmen. Introduction to Cricket and Betting: Cricket is the second most popular game in the world only next to football. The latest form of cricket is the Twenty20...
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...Culture: Culture is the characteristics of a particular group of people, defined by everything from language, religion, cuisine, social habits, music and arts. Culture of Pakistan: The society of Pakistan (Urdu: ثقافت پاکستان) has many different cultures. The east of country is mainly Punjabi, the south is mainly Sindhi in the east are the tribal cultures. In many areas the tribes and cultures are mixed, most Pakistanis are Punjabi and most of the nation are Sunni Muslim. pakistani culture consist of different culture includes:- Punjabi Culture: Punjab (the land of five rivers) is the biggest land area of Pakistan and is popularly known for its culture. It shares most of its cultural and carnival values with Indian culture. According to population, 56% of the total population of the country is situated in Punjab Province. It has a total of 36 districts and contributes approximately 50-60 % of the economy. Punjabi Culture is one of the oldest in world history, dating from ancient antiquity to the modern era. The scope, history, complexity and density of the culture are vast. Some of the main areas of the Punjabi culture include: Punjabi cuisine, philosophy, poetry, artistry, music, architecture, traditions and values and history. Some cities of Punjab have more importance for Sikh community from India. The founder of Sikh religion was born in Nankana Sahib, a district of Punjab so Sikh from different parts of world come and visits Punjab. Jahngir tomb and Badshahi Masjid...
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...Fatawu Mahama English H101 Prof. Kathleen Brady 14th November 2013 Sports Now a Business Sports is now a money making business in the human culture. In the United States, Every day millions of office and break time conversations center on the local team’s most recent performance, an upcoming game, the impending draft, the current coach, the future coach, and so on. according to the existing records, in United States of America, there are less than 110 Teams of the 4 main organized professional sports, basketball, baseball, hockey, and, football participating in the main League level fixtures annually. There are less than 90 Stadiums spread over 25 States. Today, sports has become a money making alternative for not only players but also the coaches or managers, the media, and schools participating in sports. Salaries for professional athletes continue to escalate each year. From Alex Rodriguez’s record, $252 million contract to David Beckham’s $50 million per year enticement to join the LA Galaxy soccer team, most sports fans believe that professional athletes, in general, are overpaid and not worth their salaries. Yet for the professional athlete, maximizing compensation is critical, given the short careers and health risks associated with the sports profession. Thus, athletes and their agents often look to see what others within their sport are paid in an effort to negotiate...
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