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Organized Crime Group Analysis
LCJA/384

Organized Crime Group Analysis

Crime Group: Black Mafia

Abstract

Each organization works toward an objective to conquer. Organized crime and criminal activity associated with organized crime are integrated within social institutions of behaviors. Individuals who participate in organized crime and behaviors are instructed by his or her leaders for a variety of reasons and outcomes. Understanding organized crime and group analysis is important among every group. The Black Mafia has also been called the Muslim Mafia and began operations on the streets of Philadelphia.

What is crime? When an individual breaks the law by committing a criminal act, he or she is committing a crime (Cohen, 1985). The crime committed can be the act itself, neglectful behaviors, or omitting the law he or she have contributed in. An individual can commit crimes against an individual or property of an individual. This paper will discuss the organized crime group Black Mafia and determine the group’s national and multinational structure and operating methods, pertaining to the drug business. This paper will also analyze, the relationship of Black Mafia to its past and to its current role in Prohibition, drug syndicates, political corruption, and other illicit activities including the group’s various business interests over time. The structure and the method of the black mafia is an infrastructure that has been seen many times before. Utilizing and incorporating legal nonprofit organizations and having formal meetings in little of these nonprofit organizations they were able to sustain themselves economically. Coining the term “the little brothers” many members of the black mafia would meet according to the chain of command as well as the established criteria set into place. As all organized crime organizations they were organized meetings that occurred at different locations based on your place or hierarchy within the organization. Most of the meetings within the structure contain secrecy oaths that were taken by the members to ensure that important information that was disclosed within these meetings were not discussed elsewhere. They had a strict set of written rules that was utilized to govern the meetings which they were in. Because other gangs that were not incorporated with the black mafia posed a threat and the black mafia had a firm community standing they then established organizations within the community to combat gang violence. One of the organizations named “Black B. Inc.” was set into place to put an end to gang activity within them African-American community. However, most people within the community knew that the black mafia were the individuals driving the political wheel. The black mafia became a drug trafficking organization trafficking mainly out of Detroit Michigan. They orchestrated the distribution of cocaine nationally over time after being established in the late 1980s. They orchestrated internationally with the cartels and established main hubs for the operation of distribution as well as incoming drug imports from the cartel from Mexico. Continuing their business fronts they attempted to use the entertainment industry to launder their drug money by assisting certain artists in their careers. Therefore further establishing themselves as one of the most prominent and economically sound organized crime organizations of their day.

In today’s world various young African Americans try to mimic the things the organization had done in the earlier days. This group had a wide variety of things that they done to gain notoriety as well as wealth. They began by sticking up crap games along with extorting businesses that were being ran illegally. The reason that this group scared individuals into doing what they wanted was by the fact that they enforced their rules by acting out violently when their demands were not met. The Black Mafia also expanded their corruption by bribing important people located within the NAACP (Lombardo, 2002).
They also bribed politicians by ensuring that they would make sure the politician would get the votes needed to take over office by using the machines. Prohibition was also a huge deal for the Black Mafia group as well. The manufacture of these illegal products played a huge role in how the group profited. The profits made from this illegal activity was one of the ways that this group not only extorted individuals but they also provided protection to those who was also involved with this type of illegal activity. As a result of this activity local politicians profited as well by letting this activity to carry on while they made money acting as if they had no knowledge of it. Just like any other organization this one also infiltrated many labor unions as another way of extorting businesses out of money (Lombardo, 2002).
The labor unions would take the bribes in return they would have to let the group know when important things were being shipped in so that they could hijack the shipments. At times the extortion of businesses led to various things being done in the African American communities. These communities benefited the most from the illegal actions of this group because thy made sure that all black communities received some of the profits so that they could rise to the top instead of being on the bottom. Those are all things that in today’s world the groups who mimic the Black Mafia try to carry out because they understand what the group had in the earlier days and they spend most of their life trying to do and fail to do so (Lombardo, 2002).
There is little known of the types of criminal activity the Black Mafia crime groups participated in over the years. The Black Mafia various known business interest over time included gambling, extortion, racketeering and drug distribution (Lyman & Potter, 2007). The African American members did play roles in organized crime groups in different cities across the United States while also participating with other organized crime groups of another heritage. John “Mushmouth” Johnson, became known as the “Negro Gambling King of Chicago” for operating two gambling businesses. Johnson’s business was unique because the players gambled against each other and not the house, where the gamekeeper took a certain amount from every game played (Lombardo, 2002). Johnson did not gamble because he was a business man and did not want to lose his profit.
Other organized crime groups such as the Italian criminals in both Chicago and New York took interest in the Black Mafias gambling business because the operations were large and profitable enough to warrant takeover (Lombardo, 2002). Johnson also sold protection to Chinatown opium dens. In Pittsburg, William “Gus” Greenlee and William “Woogie” Harris operated a numbers racket where they had number runners operate in certain districts where Greenlee owned an African American baseball team. Greenlee and Harris also acquired a contract with politicians and police to ensure immunity from law enforcement interference where they turned over five to ten percent of their profit as a payment (Lyman & Potter, 2007).
The bribery was for safety so that the businesses will not be shut down for illegal activity. Leroy “Nicky” Barnes became the largest heroin dealer in Harlem when he was released from prison with an organized crime figure Joseph “Crazy Joe” Gallo who he meant when incarcerated for drug trafficking. After some time, Barnes later on became known as the “King of Harlem” for becoming a multimillionaire in the drug trade (Lyman & Potter, 2007). Barnes made it difficult for the police and Internal Revenue Service (IRS) to press charges on him for obtaining a large sum of money and paying for his car collection. Since Barnes illegal business was growing, there was a rumor that he was becoming head of the first black mafia until he was caught for drug distribution (Lyman & Potter, 2007). The Black Mafia contained numerous members to distribute their product and to make a profit on it.
Organized crime and criminal activity is an involved and detailed process that may be interpreted and understood differently by many people. Individuals who participate in organized crime tend to do so for various reasons. Understanding each group’s intentions and beliefs is crucial. This summary analyzed the organized crime group Black Mafia and discussed the group’s national and multinational structure and operating methods, pertaining to the drug business. Also analyzed was the relationship of the Black Mafia to its past and to its current role in Prohibition, drug syndicates, political corruption, and other illicit activities including various business interests over time.

References

Cohen, S (1985). Visions of Social Control: Crime, Punishment, and Classification.
Polity Press. ISBN 0-7456-0021-2.
Lombardo, R. (2002). The Black Mafia: African-American Organized Crime in Chicago 1890-1960. Retrieved from: http://www.uic.edu/orgs/kbc/ganghistory/Ghetto/Blackmafia.pdf
Lyman, M, & Potter, G. (2007). Organized Crime (4th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/Prentice Hall

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