...the issues in communication theory is the importance of purpose in communicating your ideas. In order to communicate effectively in English speaking culture you need to have purpose. This means that you need to be clear about your reason for communicating and organise the message to achieve your purpose. Usage of communication channels to the best advantage. For example are you communicating via email or more formal written channels, over the telephone, or face to face? And recognise that your non-verbal communication may be contradicting what you are actually saying, and finally give your receivers the opportunity to respond, so that you can see whether they have understood your message. Cross-cultural communication tries to bring together such a relatively unrelated areas and establishment area of communication. Its core is to establish and understand how people from different cultures communicate with each other. Its aim is to produce some guidelines with which people from different cultures can better communicate with each other. The key to effective cross-cultural communication is knowledge. It is essential that people understand the potential problems of cross-cultural communication and make a conscious effort to overcome these problems. And it is important to assume that one’s efforts will not always be successful, and adjust one’s behaviour appropriately. This essay will discuss the importance of the issues and problems concerning the effectiveness of cross-cultural communication...
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...Denielle Scalisce 05/13/2014 Understanding Cross-Cultural Communications It’s no secret that communication across many cultures is something that we deal with in every work place. As business environments expand they include various geographic locations and a wide range of cultures. Because of that it is important to be able to understand how to communicate with individuals who speak another language or who rely on different means to reach a common goal. The internet and modern technology have made it very easy for businesses to expand to these cultures and also allow them to communicate with each other as if they were located in the same town. For those who are native English-speakers, it’s seems that English is the most widely used language when trying to reach the widest range of people. Without getting into cultures and sub-cultures, it is most important for people to realize that a basic understanding of cultural diversity is the key to effective cross-culture communications. Without necessarily studying individual cultures and languages in detail, we must all learn how to better communicate with individuals and groups whose first language, or language of choice, does not match our own. Just a basic knowledge about culture and at least something about the language of communication in different countries is important. Take for instance kissing a business associate is not considered appropriate business practice in the U.S., but in Paris,...
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...CROSS CULTURE STEREOTYPES AND COMMUNICATION Robert Lincoln Kaplan University CJ 246-02 February 15, 2014 INTRODUCTION This paper will analyze cross culture contact that police officers and civilian employees have with citizens, victims, suspects, and coworkers. It will also show how the misunderstandings can cause the system to become involved in a family’s life through courts, police, and child protective services. It will then show how important it is that the police and civilian employees have better training in cross culture training. ANALYING CROSS CULTURE The meaning of cross culture lies in the impact that culture has on an individual and his community, and the effects of this impact when different cultures are combined. The culture in which a person is raised plays a significant role in shaping his values, morals, behaviors and attitudes. These characteristics impact how a person thinks, and what his overall mind-set is toward the world around him. When a person is met with the principles and ideals of a different culture, a cross-cultural interaction takes place. ANALYING CROSS CULTURE WITH LAW ENFORCEMENT Most all law enforcement officials want to protect and serve people in their community equally even those with a mix of different back grounds. Most officers realize the challenges they face with understanding the complexity of the diverse society. The police have a hard time dealing with the challenges of police procedures and the interaction of...
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...Managing cross cultural communication Introduction Globalization is a phenomenon that is in vogue nowadays. In this rapidly changing world to succeed it’s imperative for an organization to adopt the phenomenon of globalization. On one hand globalization cultivates scores of benefits for the organization. On the other hand, it also generates various dilemmas for management. One of these dilemmas is of effective communication management. This phenomenon of globalization presents challenges of understanding and managing cross-cultural communications. According to Stephen Roberts: “Culture is the framework in which we communicate” This suggests that various factors give rise to the problem of cross-cultural communication. These factors include: language, environment, technology, social organization, the perception of authority and non-verbal communications. Having the ability to assess these variables is vital in ensuring for managers to convey messages and conduct business across a wide range of cultures. This paper addresses communication within multicultural project teams and the significance of leadership style in managing cross-cultural communications. The aim of this paper is to reveal different ways or skills that managers need to adopt to make the process of communication effective. Furthermore, this paper sheds lights on variegated barriers that may exist in effective communication process in a cross-culture environment. Literature review Zapf...
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...Cross-cultural Influences on Workplace Behavior: A culture is defined as, “A way of life of a group of people--the behaviors, beliefs, values, and symbols that they accept, generally without thinking about them, and that are passed along by communication and imitation from one generation to the next”. (Sunniva Heggertveit, 2012). Or It is also defined as, “the values, attitudes, and ways of doing things a person learns during the socialization process in the particular place where they were brought up as a child”. (Paul Ecoggins, 2015) So, the culture has great influence on a particular individual or group behavior. In the age of globalization the world is getting smaller, companies have setup their offices around the world and people also have moved abroad as well. As a result of this, workplace is becoming increasingly cross-culturally integrated. So, the understanding and expertise in cross-cultural communication have become more crucial for executives, business leaders, workplace managers, and standard employees. If they don’t have expertise to understand the difference of the cultures then it would become very difficult for the managers to properly manage the employees and get maximum output from their performances, as the level of communication between them would be very poor because of lesser expertise regarding different cultures. After critically the articles related to the topics I think as an HR practitioner, we need to look at the factors that impact cross-cultural...
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...Minh A CROSS-CULTURAL STUDY OF DAILY COMMUNICATION BETWEEN THE VIETNAMESE AND AMERICANS OUTLINE Introduction Vietnamese - American cross-cultural communication: 1. Theories of intercultural communication 2. Vietnamese vs. American perceptions and communication styles 2.1 Vietnamese vs. American perceptions 2.1.1 Individualistic vs. collectivistic cultures 2.1.2 High- vs. low-context cultures 2.1.3 Face-saving 2.2. Vietnamese vs. American communication styles 2.2.1 Ways of greetings 2.2.2 Topics for conversation 2.2.3 Silence and Eye contact 2.2.4 Touching 2.2.5 Other nonverbal gestures 3. Cross-cultural communication strategies Conclusion Introduction Cross-cultural encounters have long provided a great source of interest for research. Globalization has increased contact between people from different cultures, but it has not evened out cultural differences as much as expected. The divergence of perspectives continues to survive in communication between people from different cultures such as Vietnamese and American. This paper aims to address the issues of intercultural communication between the Vietnamese and Americans in daily life. By juxtaposing the main traits of the two cultures while some common cultural misinterpretations are listed, I wish to give a comprehensive look at the Vietnamese- American daily communication, meanwhile...
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...Journal of Comparative International Management 2009, Vol. 12, no.2, 73-89 ©2009 Management futures Printed in canada Cross-cultural Communication and Multicultural Team Performance: A German and American Comparison by Steven W. Congden University of Hartford, U.S.A. Alexei V. Matveev College of Staten Island – CUNY, U.S.A David E. Desplaces College of Charleston, U.S.A. This study builds on work by Matveev & Nelson (2004) which investigated the relationship between cross-cultural communication competence and multicultural team performance using American and Russian managers. This study examines the impact of national culture on German and American subjects. While a relationship between cross-cultural communication competence and multicultural team performance was found, it did not differ by overall national culture. Of the four dimensions of cross-cultural communication competence, only Cultural Empathy was found to be significantly different between Germans and Americans. No differences were found for the dimensions of Interpersonal Skills, Team Effectiveness, and Cultural Uncertainty. 1. Introduction Worldwide intercultural cooperation drives corporate growth and development across the globe resulting in a heightened demand for a qualified but diverse workforce. researchers have documented that the successful performance of multicultural teams is a vital and contributing factor to organizational success (Jackson, may, & Whitney, 1995; Snow, Snell, davison, & hambrick...
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...10 Incorporating Cross-cultural Communication in ELT: A Pedagogical Approach ■ Y. Suneetha Rajeev Gandhi Memorial College of Engineering & Technology, Nandyal G.M. Sundaravalli Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupathi ABSTRACT: Cross-cultural communication has become ever more significant through the globalization of markets, affairs of nation-states and technologies. Consequently, the cultural quotient (CQ) is becoming increasingly important, especially in the context of the changing dynamics of work culture around the world. This paper makes a case for the need to pay attention to intercultural communication and discusses some specific approaches and strategies in the teaching of intercultural communication in the classroom. These approaches include addressing issues like learning to honour one’s own culture and sharing it with others while developing a capacity to be open to other cultures. Other strategies include progressing from an ethnocentric to an ethno-relative state of understanding and acceptance of cultural differences and increasing one’s ability to communicate with non-native speakers. Specifically, classroom practices and strategies suggested include intercultural explorations, use of texts, films, short stories and other multi-media resources, contrastive case studies of cultures, group encounters and role plays. Introduction Sir Francis Bacon said that if a man was gracious and courteous to strangers, it showed that he was a citizen of the world, and...
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...Business Communication Name: Course: Tutor: Institution: Date of Submission: Letter of transmittal May 28, 2015 Ned Stark, Manager International Corporation Practice Group ABCD Corporation Dear Mr. Ned Stark: As agreed, Enclosed is the report you commissioned on March 12, 2015 on the intercultural communication. The report analyses the fundamentals of cross-cultural communication with regards to the Italian culture. The report outlines the most imperative aspects of safe communication within a cross-cultural environment involving Italians where the employees intend to settle. The report further elaborates the challenges of intercultural communication, particularly about the Italian communication demands. Then, the report outlines the benefits of the findings that are helpful to the employees of XYZ in communicating with the Italians as well as people from other cultures. We thank you for the granting us the opportunity to compile this report since it has given us a chance to familiarize with practical issues oscillating around cross-cultural communication. I hope that you will find it satisfactory. Yours Sincerely, Business Communication Students XYZ. Table of Contents Executive summary 4 Introduction 5 Discussion 6 Summary and Conclusions 7 Recommendation 8 Executive summary The report first provides a brief introduction of what intercultural communication comprises. It lays a profound background...
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...Cross-Cultural Communication Matrix University of Phoenix Com/285 December 16, 2010 Cross-Cultural Communication Matrix Cross Cultural Communication Country Preferred communication style Non-verbal communication practices Business communication norms Strategies to increase cross-cultural communication Saudi Arabia South Africa China Saudi Arabia Arab’s communication style is more elaborate, as they make use of various phrases while communicating. Therefore, Arabs are said to be expressive. They are said to be extravagant in exaggerating. Arabs also rely on non direct communication. Silence is used as a non verbal communication practice and it shows thoughful observation. Gestures and facial expressions are important non verbal communication practices as well. Eye contact is also important to the Arab businessmen. If a person maintains eye contact, this shows his sincerity and truthfulness. Business should be in coherence to the culture of the country. It is important to make prior appointments for making business dealings. Thursday and Fridays are off in Saudi Arabia. Therefore, buiness communications should not be done on these days. Face to face interaction is highly favored. (Gorrill, 2007). It is important to understand the particular culture of a country. So, reading about the specific culture and getting information through books or internet will help in increasing the cross cultural communication. Introduction of training videos...
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...How Does Leaders Communication Style in Multinational Organization Impact Upon the Achieving of Goals Table of Contents Introduction 3 Universal Leadership in Multinational Companies 4 Interpersonal Acumen and Leadership Communication in MNCs 4 Various Dimensions of Societal Culture and Effective Leadership 5 Cross-Cultural Dimensions of Leadership Communication in Achieving Goals 9 Recognition of Cross-Cultural Leadership for Attaining Goals 9 Conclusion 10 References 12 Introduction Business scenario at present is changing. This change in business environment has been dealt from different aspects in the form of emerging markets, globalization, exponential rate of change, different competitors, new technologies and many such. In short, it is to be identified that all these aspects lead to development of the concept called multiculturalism. Multiculturalism surely affects multinational companies and ultimately people and business worldwide. Due to changing business environment considerable changes in leadership communication styles have also taken place to cope up with the dynamic market trends. There had been a significant change in management and control focus to that of alignment focus. Also, significant change has occurred in the communication styles as different modes of communication and system of close interaction between the management and the rest of the organization are being introduced. As an inevitable consequence, the culture in multinational...
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...Intercultural Communication in International Politics: The EU, Turkey and France Vivian Guzman Com/360- Intercultural Communication Holly Heffron May 14, 2012 Politics within one cultural group sharing traditions and national or regional identity is easy - the socio-cultural meanings imbedded in communication is easily understood in the way they are intended, and, since discourse happens within members of the social groups - they communicate, talk, discuss in one venue that all members can access (i.e. in pubs, schools, government offices, community meetings, party meetings, televised debates, etc.) - the meaning arrived at, the knowledge or accepted 'truth'/position towards an issue is more or less the general consensus of a group. Take for instance the recent national issue in France involving majority of the French people voting against the joining of Turkey into the European Union - the French, a people sharing a particular national identity and history have spoken, generally, via a very popular opinion poll their varied views as 'Frenchmen and Europeans' why Turkey's acceptance into the European union is not acceptable. Turkey, the nation straddling Europe and Asia is seen as an important economic and political ally by many European nations what with Turkey holding key routes towards Asia and Russia for trade and the all important oil and gas pipelines. The Turks were deeply disappointed when they received the news from France. And, with French influence...
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...Skills Summary Eunika Phlegm HCS/131 June 13, 2016 James Rogers From: Eunika Phlegm To: Company Department Leaders Subject Line: Skills Summary on Cross Cultural Communication June, 13, 2016 at 8:50 am Cross-cultural communication has become strategically important to companies due to the growth of global business, technology and the Internet. Understanding cross-cultural communication is important for any company that has a diverse workforce or plans on conducting global business. This type of communication involves an understanding of how people from different cultures speak, communicate and perceive the world around them. Cross-cultural communication in an organization deals with understanding different business customs, beliefs and communication strategies. Language differences, high-context vs. low-context cultures, nonverbal differences and power distance are major factors that can affect cross-cultural communication. Cross-cultural communication is imperative for companies that have a diverse workforce and participate in the global economy. It is important for employees to understand the factors that are part of an effective, diverse workforce. With cross-cultural communication you have to remember the six principles. The first principle is the similarities or the common ground, the next one is differences or the perspective, judgment, or choice. The third principle is diversity or valuing the difference, the fourth one is respect or the basic human need...
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...“Cross Cultural Communication” “Everyone has a culture. Americans struggle to understand their own culture which leads to difficulties in learning effectively about cultural differences”-stated by The Cross Cultural Communications for Healthcare Professionals. As a Texan born and raised learning how to cross communicate with others can be challenging but can be done. Today I will be giving you a insight on how cross cultural communication is very important in the healthcare industry and even in our everyday living. To start off, as a nurse assistant communicating with residents that couldn’t speak or even read English was a problem trying to administer medications, take vitals and hold a conversation. But eventually it became easier with dedication and a few mistakes made. I won’t say it is easy but it gets better with time and giving it more than one chance. Often people misjudge others because of their appearance, what they eat or how they sound when they speak. But in reality we all make a first impression on someone or something. Getting to know someone and about their history is pretty interesting and teaching someone about yourself and your background is a great way of communicating. Here are (5) important skills to me to remember when communicating with people of the world. First, Gain Respect, the ability to express respect for others is an important part of effective cross cultural communication. Everyone...
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...Halmstad School of Business and Engineering Rufei He & Jianchao Liu (2010) Barriers of Cross Cultural Communication in Multinational Firms --- A Case Study of Swedish Company and its Subsidiary in China Abstract In times of rapid growth, both in terms of economic development and globalization, an increasing number of firms extend their businesses abroad. A subsequent challenge of this development is the managerial implications of cross-cultural management. This study employs a qualitative approach in a single case study of Swedish company and its subsidiary in China. After reviewing the previous studies, the authors summarize the differences of management style, staff behaviors and communication system in different culture context and find the barriers of cross cultural communication in multinational firms. The findings of this study indicate that the barriers of communication come from the national culture’s influence on the work place and behaviors of people with different identity. Moreover, culture also influences people’s way of thinking and behaving and result in different understandings toward vision and purposes of firms. Key words: cross cultural, communication, multinational firms, management style, staff behavior Prelude It is 9:00 a.m. on Monday in Sweden. The Technical product manager of company X sent an email about the new design of the product to its subsidiary company in China. He would like to have a production ready model of the new design by...
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