...DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT SYSTEM REPUBLIC ACT No. 10121 AN ACT STRENGTHENING THE PHILIPPINE DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT SYSTEM, PROVIDING FOR THE NATIONAL DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK AND INSTITUTIONALIZING THE NATIONAL DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT PLAN, APPROPRIATING FUNDS THEREFOR AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES. it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the Philippines in Congress assembled: Section 1. Title. - This Act shall be known as the "Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act of 2010". Section 2. Declaration of Policy. - It shall be the policy of the State to: (a) Uphold the people's constitutional rights to life and property by addressing the root causes of vulnerabilities to disasters, strengthening the country's institutional capacity for disaster risk reduction and management and building the resilience of local communities to disasters including climate change impacts; (b) Adhere to and adopt the universal norms, principles and standards of humanitarian assistance and the global effort on risk reduction as concrete expression of the country's commitment to overcome human sufferings due to recurring disasters; (c) Incorporate internationally accepted principles of disaster risk management in the creation and implementation of national, regional and local sustainable development and poverty reduction strategies, policies, plans and budgets; (d) Adopt a disaster risk reduction and management...
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...POLICY MAKING 1. Policy making is the process by which governments translate political vision into programmes and actions which are meant to deliver desired change in the real world. Governments in the world are adopting people first approach to policy making. Policy making which is implemented in the best interest of the society is one of the major functions and responsibility of governments. (Issa Shivji, 2003). For all policies (urban or rural) to be effective there is need to take into consideration people who are going to be largely affected by the policies. This would involve the development of policies from the grassroots level going up. 2. The people first notion in policy making is a feasible and noble idea that seeks to eradicate poverty among citizens as it seeks to reduce the gap between the rich and the poor, developed and developing countries, rural and urban areas, large enterprises and small enterprises and to restore human dignity (Baum 2010). Ideally policies should be designed with the needs of the people at heart while policy formulation process be carried out with the objective of improving socio economic well being of citizens. 3. The policy making process does not start from a vacuum. Normally the process starts with the public or people becoming aware of an issue as a problem and because of demands made by certain groups and dominant values in a society the problem is then defined as one that requires action. This then becomes the problem identification stage...
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...of reconciliation, security, promoting good governance and policy development” .Government’s recognition of the role of Civil Society and commitment of support has again been stated explicitly in the Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PASCO 2005). The government’s pursuit of macroeconomic stability, liberalization, and poverty reduction through the Poverty Reduction Strategy (Sierra Leone’s PRSP) has received significant donor support for the country. In delivery support to the country the country’s major donors favor a framework that seeks to achieve wide stakeholder ownership of the poverty reduction strategy, and envisage a role for civil society organizations as partners in development in the formulation, implementation and monitoring of policy. The World Bank states that: Broad-based Participation of civil society in the adoption and monitoring of the Poverty reduction strategy tailored to country circumstances will enhance its Sustained implementation Within this framework, there are significant changes occurring in the donor conceptualizations of the roles of CSOs and their place in development processes in Sierra Leone. Discourses have shifted from statements on the role and efficiency of Non Governmental Organization (NGOs) in service delivery towards claims that CSOs can ‘hold government to account’ and create a ‘demand side’ to ensure efficient service delivery by the government. In 2004 the World Bank’s Sierra Leone Country office started a “Small Grants Program”...
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...Evaluation of St.Lucia Poverty Reduction Strategy [Type the document subtitle] 5/2/2011 808011470 807004688 808010033 807001237 807004522 Table of contents -Profile of Country……………………………………………………….3 ~Economic ~Social - Poverty Profile .........................................................................................9 ~Trends ~Segments most affected - Detail of Strategy ………………………………………………………16 ~Evaluation of Past Strategy ~Sustainability - Recommendations and Findings……………………………………….23 Saint Lucia Country Profile The Caribbean island of St. Lucia is made up of a population of approximately 170,000 with an annual growth rate of 0.74%. The demographics of the population is made up of 90% persons of African descent, 6% mixed, 3% East Indian and 1% Europeans. Their religions include Roman Catholic, Seven Day Adventists and other various Protestant denominations. The official language of St. Lucia is English although French patois is common across the country. The literacy rate among adults is a high percentage of 94.8%. In terms of health, St Lucia has a infant mortality rate of 12/1000 and the life expectancy of men is 73 years and that of women is 76 years. Unemployment rates are approximately 15.7%. Their style of governance is that of Westminster- style parliamentary democracy having gained their independence on February 22nd, 1979. In terms of the economy, St. Lucia has a...
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...This paper aims at examining the status of Social Protection (SP) in Uganda. The paper relies on government, Non Government Organizations (CSOs), International Agencies’ and scholarly publications to explore the status quo of Social Protection. Uganda’s Social Protection is anchored in Expanding Social Protection (ESP) policy framework. The Ministry of Gender, Labour and Social Development coordinates the programme of Social Assistance Grant for Empowerment (SAGE) that aims at helping the poorest of the poor. Currently, the coverage of Social Protection is limited to 600,000 vulnerable people and 95,000 households, approximately 15% of the population in the country. Out of the current 112 districts only 15 districts that are covered under pilot...
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...distributed to experts for cutting, polishing and jewelry manufacturing (Stein, 2001). The global jewelry market has increased three-fold in the last 25 years and is currently worth $72 billion each year. Jewelry diamonds are unjustifiably expensive given that they are not actually scarce. Upon the discovery of other diamond reserves globally, De Beers set up a subsidiary called the Central Selling Organization (CSO), responsible for buying the production for all mines worldwide then selling the produce to dealers in return for a percentage fee (10 – 20 %) from producers (Stein, 2001). The CSO was able to maintain illusion of scarcity by deciding the quantity of diamonds to be supplied to the world market and in turn, allowing individual producers to produce a certain percentage of that amount (De Beers Group, 2012). The CSO then sold batches of rough diamonds to selected dealers at their exclusive sightings. The CSO were able to dictate inflated prices to dealers, as if dealers tried to negotiate on price, they were not invited the subsequent sightings. From the late 1800’s the CSO controlled the sale of 80%...
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...Country Paper Aid Flow to Bangladesh and the Question of Accountability of CSOs at National Level to the People They Serve By Shadnaz Khan* Bangladesh, like other poor and less developed countries, has been a regular receiver of foreign aid or external assistance in order to lessen the gap between savings and investment and to mitigate the balance of payment deficit. However, there has been serious debate over the issues such as low performance in aid-utilization, donors’ stringent and one-size-fits-all conditionalities and global aid politics that are believed to undermine the potential benefits that aid could have brought to the development scenario of the country. The apprehension over aid issues is felt in different countries around the world and also among the donors themselves. As a result, the idea of aid effectiveness has received increasing attention and importance in international discussions that generates hope that the international structure of aid would create sustainable development outcome for the poor countries. This paper is divided into two parts. In the first part, a general description of aid flows to Bangladesh has been presented and in the second part, an attempt has been made to assess the donor support models for CSOs in managing aid at country level and the scope for ensuring their accountability to their primary constituents, i.e., the people they serve in Bangladesh. A General Scenario of Aid flow to Bangladesh From 1972 to 30 June 2006...
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...ASSESSMENT O DEVELO F PMENT RESULTS E V A L UA T I ON OF UNDP CONTRI BUTI ON ZAMbIA HUMAN DEVELO PMENTeffectiveness CO RDINAT O efficiency CO RDINATIO ANDPARTNERSHIP sus O N NATIO O NAL WNERSHIP relevance MANAGINGFO sustainability MANAGINGFO RESULTS responsiven R AN DEVELO PMENTresponsiveness NATIO O NAL WN NATIO O NAL WNERSHIP effectiveness CO RDINAT O efficiency CO RDINATIO ANDPARTNERSHIP sus O N NATIO O NAL WNERSHIP relevance MANAGINGFO sustainability MANAGINGFO RESULTS responsiven R HUMAN DEVELO PMENTeffectiveness CO RDINAT O ASSESSMENT O DEVELO F PMENT RESULTS EVAL UATI ON OF UNDP CONTRI BUTI ON ZAMBIA Evaluation Office, February 2010 United Nations Development Programme REPORtS PUBliSHED UNDER tHE aDR SERiES Afghanistan Argentina Bangladesh Barbados Benin Bhutan Bosnia & Herzegovina Botswana Bulgaria Burkina Faso Cambodia Chile China Colombia Republic of the Congo Ecuador Egypt Ethiopia Georgia Guatemala Guyana Honduras India Jamaica Jordan Lao PDR Libya Maldives Montenegro Mozambique Nicaragua Nigeria Peru Philippines Rwanda Serbia Seychelles Sudan Syrian Arab Republic Tajikistan Turkey Uganda Ukraine Uzbekistan Viet Nam Yemen EvalUatiON tEam team leader team members EO task manager EO Research assistant Erik Lyby Honorine Muyoyeta Jorry Mwenechanya Urs Nagel Zembaba Ayalew aSSESSmENt OF DEvElOPmENt RESUltS: malDivES Copyright © UNDP 2010, all rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. The analysis and recommendations of this...
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...Information not my work Signposts of Development RBM in UNDP: Selecting Indicators Contents What indicators tell us about the wind 1. Introduction 2. Indicators Only Indicate 3. Types of Indicators 4. Qualitative and Quantitative Expressions of Indicators 5. Selecting Indicators 6. Indicators are Practical and Observable 7. A Shared Commitment With Partners 8. Baseline, Target and Timeframe 9. Indicator Data Collection 10. Conclusion Figures 1. Assessing performance along results 2. School enrolment as an indicator of access to education Tables 1. Examples of outcomes and outcome indicators 2. Indicators according to relationship between output, outcome and impact 3. Examples of output and outcome indicator scales 4. Qualitative observation of advocacy and upstream policy results 5. Selection criteria for indicators 6. Sample indicator monitoring plan What indicators tell us about the wind Who has seen the wind? Neither you nor I. But where the trees bow down their heads, The wind is passing by. – The Wind, Christina Rosetti, 1830-1894 If we want to know if the wind is blowing, the bowing treetops are a good indicator. That the treetops are bending may tell us many different things: the coming of a change in seasons; that it is a good day for children to fly kites; or that bird nests may fall down. What it tells us depends on who we are and what we want to know...
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...THE IMPACT OF THE CHARITIES AND SOCIETIES LEGISLATION ON THE PROMOTION OF ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE IN ETHIOPIA By Gebremedhin Birega gbdagaga@gmail.com March 2014 Addis Ababa Ethiopia 1 Abstract Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) in general and environmental CSOs in particular, have been playing considerable constructive role in the nation building efforts in Ethiopia. However, all their contributions are not wholeheartedly accepted by the government. In 2009, the government introduced a new law overtly presented to register, administer and create an enabling environment for a more meaningful contribution of CSOs/NGOs. Nevertheless, it has been argued that the introduction of the new law further weakened the already young and inexperienced CSO/NGO sector in general and those engaged in environmental justice in particular. The main objective of this paper is therefore to assess the impact of the legislation on NGOs/CSOs engaged in environmental justice mainly in: limiting areas of intervention; affecting access to foreign funds and other forms of support to undertake mandated tasks; retaining competence including knowledge and skills; making government answerable to felt needs of the society; advancing meaningful networking among CSOs at national, regional and global level on environmental policy reform issues; downsized change in amount of budget and skilled staff; engaging in research undertaking; conducting quality monitoring and evaluation activities. Based on...
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...activities reduces the likelihood of participation in cattle markets but not in the markets for small livestock. Livestock mortality increased the likelihood of households selling cattle, goats and pigs. Household head’s level of education increased the likelihood of households selling cattle. Key public investments that may serve to increase participation in livestock markets include investments in rural education, and building institutional and infrastructural capacities. Government may also consider including livestock vaccines into the farmer input support program to allow livestock farmers to access subsidized medicines. INTRODUCTION: Livestock production and associated products offer substantial opportunities for economic growth and poverty reduction for rural households in Zambia. However, smallholder livestock producers are often characterized by low livestock...
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...Decentralization and Devolution: Educational Implications of the Praetorian Interpretation By Baela Raza Jamil Idara-e-Taleem-o-Aagahi Public Trust September 2002 Decentralization and Devolution: Educational Implications of the Praetorian Interpretation Pakistan has a diverse ethnic population of 142 million people, with 32.2 percent people living below the poverty line (I-PRSP, 2001). It is a federation with four provinces and four federally administered territories[1]. For three decades the country experienced a process of increasing centralization in decision-making, resource management and service delivery. During that period, governments were set up under Islamic Socialism, martial law, experiments with democracy by eight governments, and another military take over. Democratic institutions and service delivery eroded at each reconstruction of the state. To offset poor governance, a process of devolution has been initiated through establishment of local governments across Pakistan. The principle of inclusion through political decentralization was meant to provide institutional entitlements for voice and action. Direct elections were held at the union council level (encompassing a population of 25,000, covering 5-7 villages or more settlements) in 2000 for 21 representatives. As the result of a countywide mobilization drive thirty-three percent seats were reserved for women, an unprecedented accomplishment in Pakistan’s history. In addition, six seats...
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...THE UNIVERSITY OF ZAMBIA SCHOOL OF HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES DEPARTMENT OF DEVELOPMENT STUDIES DEV 1150 TUTORIAL QUESTIONS (TERM 1, 2 & 3) Preamble: Exam questions have different keywords. Your success is not how much data you offload when writing. Neither is it how many pages you have written but how far you have dealt with the keyword in the question. Markers invariably look for quality as opposed to quantity of information. Remember that, some questions may come in form of scenarios, but that should not be confusing! Just identify the topic from which the scenario has been extracted e.g. MNCs, economic growth, neo-patrimonialism, sectoral development, CSOs, poverty etc. and then look for the key word in the question as well. When answering always make reference to the scenario you have been given in the question because this will enhance coherence in your essay. Here we go; Key Words: To what extent: Asks you to justify the acceptance or validity of an argument emphasizing the need to avoid complete acceptance. Account for: Explain the cause of Analyze: Separate down into its component parts and show how they inter relate with each other Annotate: Put notes on (usually a diagram) Assess: Estimate the value of, looking at both the positive and negative attributes Comment: To make critical or explanatory notes/observations Compare: Point out the differences and the similarities. This question needs to be carefully organized to produce a logical answer. Describe:...
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...his/her total expenditure on food, while roughly half of India’s work force is still engaged in agriculture for its livelihood. Being both a source of livelihood and food security for a vast majority of low income, poor and vulnerable sections of society, its performance assumes greater significance in view of the proposed National Food Security Bill and the ongoing Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) scheme. Accelerating the growth of agriculture production is therefore necessary not only to achieve an overall GDP target of 8 % during the 12th Plan and meet the rising demand for food, but also to increase incomes of those dependent on agriculture to ensure inclusiveness. As per the Central Statistics Office (CSO) revised estimates (released on 31st January 2013 of GDP, agriculture and allied sectors grew at 3.6 per cent during 2011-12, recording an average rate of growth of 3.6 per cent per year during the 11th Plan (2007-12). The Indian Agriculture growth pattern has been very diverse at the state level. As...
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...Narratives of Land: The Current State of Agrarian Reform in the Philippines ALMOST twenty-six years of implementation, still counting and with completion nowhere near in sight. This amount of time that the Philippine government has taken to implement and complete the key provisions of the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program (CARP) law translates to a whole generation of Filipinos, including children of farmers, who have been born at the time of the law’s passage, have grown up through the years of tentative and unfinished implementation, and reaching adulthood amid current intensified clamor for government to complete its task. CARP is now the longest running program being implemented under a democratic political system, post-EDSA 1986. It has been widely seen as the litmus test of past and present administrations’ commitment to social justice, as mandated by the 1987 Philippine Constitution. CARPER or Republic Act 9700, signed 7 August 2009, gave the original Republic Act 6657 or CARP five more years to be completed. In 1998, CARP’s land acquisition and distribution component had been given its first 10-year extension and additional funding of PhP 50 billion through Republic Act 8532. One of the main goals during the extension period should be the completion of land distribution by June 30, 2014. The program should get PhP 150 billion for five years or PhP 30 billion per year for land acquisition and distribution and agrarian justice delivery (a total of 60 percent...
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