...Instructional and Expressive Educational Objectives When it comes to curriculum issues and planning, educational objectives are a central theme; but perspectives vary on how they should be formulated. This paper seeks to examine the concept of “educational objectives”; to distinguish between two types of objectives- “instructional” and “expressive”; and to justify the use of both types of educational objectives in curriculum development, from both a theoretical and practical perspective. The formulation and use of instructional and expressive objectives have implications for the selection of learning activities and evaluation; and identifying the aims and objectives of a course of study is very important to determining how they are used in curriculum development. Many theorists have sought to clarify, classify and specify the manner in which objectives should be formulated and the characteristics they should have once developed, (Eisner, 2005). Educational objectives are based on individual values, and therefore what may seem important to some educators may not be seen as important to others (Eisner, 2005); however, it is a conclusive fact that educational objectives are important for curriculum development. Tyler (2010) states that by outlining educational objectives, “the curriculum-maker has the most useful set of criteria for selecting content, for suggesting learning activities, [and] for deciding on the kind of teaching procedures to follow” (p. 62). Gagne reiterates...
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...THE THESIS PROPOSAL: DESIGNING CURRICULUM Objectives of these Guidelines: These guidelines will prepare the student to be able to: 1. List and describe the chapters and subsections of a thesis proposal and a research report and their proper order. 2. Describe the characteristics of an appropriate proposal title. 3. Compare and contrast the styles appropriate for (1) a dissertation or thesis, (2) a research proposal, (3) a research report, (4) a professional paper, and (5) a journal article. CURRICULUM PROPOSAL OUTLINE Cover Page Table of Contents Chapter 1 - Introduction (Need for the Study, Justification) Problem Statement Objectives Definitions of Terms Limitations of the Study Basic Assumptions Chapter 2 - Review of Literature (Can have sections deemed necessary) Chapter 3 - Procedures Curriculum Design Subject Selection Outcome Measures (of the project/thesis) Conditions of Presenting the Curriculum Treatments - What are the Unit(s)/Lessons? Evaluation (of the subjects after each lesson) *plus ** Chapter 4 presentation should follow the same sequence and topics as that presented in Chapter 3. ** Chapter 4 - Results (The actual unit(s) & lessons) Findings Relative to problem Field Test Results Summary of Data Chapter 5 - Discussion *Bibliography *Appendices ELEMENTS OF THE CURRICULUM PROPOSAL Cover Page Follow the style prescribed by the style manual suggested by the university...
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...THE THESIS PROPOSAL: DESIGNING CURRICULUM Objectives of these Guidelines: These guidelines will prepare the student to be able to: 1. List and describe the chapters and subsections of a thesis proposal and a research report and their proper order. 2. Describe the characteristics of an appropriate proposal title. 3. Compare and contrast the styles appropriate for (1) a dissertation or thesis, (2) a research proposal, (3) a research report, (4) a professional paper, and (5) a journal article. CURRICULUM PROPOSAL OUTLINE Cover Page Table of Contents Chapter 1 - Introduction (Need for the Study, Justification) Problem Statement Objectives Definitions of Terms Limitations of the Study Basic Assumptions Chapter 2 - Review of Literature (Can have sections deemed necessary) Chapter 3 - Procedures Curriculum Design Subject Selection Outcome Measures (of the project/thesis) Conditions of Presenting the Curriculum Treatments - What are the Unit(s)/Lessons? Evaluation (of the subjects after each lesson) *plus ** Chapter 4 presentation should follow the same sequence and topics as that presented in Chapter 3. ** Chapter 4 - Results (The actual unit(s) & lessons) Findings Relative to problem Field Test Results Summary of Data Chapter 5 - Discussion *Bibliography *Appendices ELEMENTS OF THE CURRICULUM PROPOSAL Cover Page Follow the style prescribed by the style manual suggested by the university...
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...develop an appropriate, articulated and aligned curriculum that ensures optimal student results. Assessment data from multiple sources are analyzed by teachers and administrators when making curricular and instructional decisions. In their planning, teachers purposefully select from a variety of teaching techniques and tools to help students improve, and they differentiate curriculum and instruction to address all students' learning needs. Definition of term 1. Curriculum "a plan for a sustained process of teaching and learning" (David Pratt, 1997, p. 5) 2. Lesson: “a coherent unit of teaching and learning, generally designed to be completed in one class session 3. Lesson plan: “a plan for a coherent unit of teaching and learning, generally designed to be completed in one class session”. 4. Instruction “the execution of the curriculum, actually teaching it. Instruction doesn't always follow curriculum. It is often planned”. THE STEPS OF CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT Four steps to Curriculum: "The Tyler Rationale" 1. What educational purposes should the school seek to attaint? 2. What educational experiences can be provided that are likely to attain these purposes? 3. How can they be organized? 4. How can we determine whether these purposes are being attained? 1. What educational purposes should the school seek to attain? What Aims, Goals, and Objectives should be sought? To WIT (2000), Educational objectives become the criteria for selecting materials, content...
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...|[pic] |Syllabus | | |Axia College/College of Education | | |AED/200 Version 5 | | |Contemporary Issues in American Education | Copyright © 2010, 2009, 2006 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. Course Description This course provides an overview of the teaching profession. It introduces the student to the various issues affecting teachers. Its primary focus will be on contemporary issues teachers and educators face in today’s schools. Throughout the course, all aspects of the teaching profession will be incorporated from the diversity of students in the classroom, to school organization and governance, to teaching philosophies and instruction. This course provides a foundation for understanding the education profession. Policies Faculty and students/learners will be held responsible for understanding and adhering to all policies contained within the following two documents: • University policies: You must be logged into the student website to view this document. • Instructor policies:...
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...Cambridge IGCSE? Why choose Cambridge IGCSE Combined Science? Cambridge ICE (International Certificate of Education) How can I find out more? 2. Teacher support.............................................................................................................. 5 2.1 Support materials 2.2 Resource lists 2.3 Training 3. Syllabus content at a glance ........................................................................................... 6 4. Assessment at a glance ................................................................................................. 9 5. Syllabus aims and assessment objectives ................................................................... 11 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 Syllabus aims Assessment objectives Scheme of assessment Weightings Conventions (e.g. signs, symbols, terminology and nomenclature) 6. Curriculum content...
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...Table of Contents Introduction 3 Technology Needs Assessment 3 Problem Statement 8 Project Goals 8 Project Objectives 8 Conclusion 9 References 10 Introduction Kurzweil predicts that “in 2009, while schools are still not on the cutting edge, the profound importance of the computer as a knowledge tool is widely recognized. Computers play a central role in all facets of education, as they do in other spheres of life” (Kurzweil, 1999, p. 276). It is now 2006 and Kurzweil’s prediction of the computer being widely recognized as a knowledge tool is ahead of schedule. It is also true that schools are far from being on the cutting edge. Some schools are better than others, but the computer is sorely lacking in the classroom. The writer’s organization is a proprietary art college in Central Florida. The school is part of a large corporation that oversees more than sixty schools across the United States. Thirty one of the schools are art colleges. The art colleges are leaders in using the computer in the classroom. The corporation takes pride in putting high end technology in front of students to produce commercial art work in the form of graphic design, interactive design, digital video and animation. Often students choose the proprietary art college over community college or state university because of the high end computer labs and other technology that the private school has on campus. Potential students see the technology as an added value worth paying...
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...CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT MODELS THAT TRADITIONALLY INFLUENCE NURSING EDUCATION In the past, curriculum development in nursing has been influenced by various classical curriculum development models that reflect different curriculum development paradigms. These models contributed towards progress in nursing education. Linear, prescriptivepre·scrip·tive adj. 1. Sanctioned or authorized by long-standing custom or usage. 2. Making or giving injunctions, directions, laws, or rules. 3. Law Acquired by or based on uninterrupted possession. ..... Click the link for more information. curriculum development models Linear, prescriptive curriculum development models are normative nor·ma·tive adj. Of, relating to, or prescribing a norm or standard: normative grammar. nor models because they provide a sequence of steps that writers say, should be used in any curriculum development initiative (Lovat & Smith, 1995:106). Tyler's curriculum development model is an example of linear, prescriptive curriculum development models. This model represents a technical, objectives driven approach whereby educators specify the desired product of an educational programme and use this as a point of departure for curriculum development (Lovat & Smith, 1995:107). Tyler's model states the involvement of three curriculum components in curriculum development, namely goals, content and evaluation, as well as curriculum design. According to according to prep. 1. As stated...
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...Curriculum Philosophy Paper Patrice Bax HRWD 6713: Curriculum Design Submitted: October 6, 2012 In mathematics, there is a rule called the order of operations which instructs a student to solve certain steps first, before calculating others steps to arrive at an accurate solution to a mathematical expression. Similarly, society teaches an order of operations to life in that students are to first, matriculate through secondary education to attain foundational skills in support of man’s progression in society; second, enter into college to gain skills and knowledge to prepare for survival in society; third, graduate from college with specific jobs skills and credentials to give meaning to society; and finally, contribute to the functioning and betterment of society by successfully entering and succeeding in the workforce. Unfortunately, society is facing a detrimental problem that may signify a defect in this order of operation, because graduates are unprepared and lack the skills needed to succeed in today’s workforce. The basis of this paper is to provide clarity to the problem of unprepared graduates entering the workforce, and suggest a viable solution by offering that simulated education curriculum rooted in Social Efficiency Ideology is a practical response to the issue. Clarity of the Problem U.S. Chamber of Commerce (2012) recognizes that the toughest competition in business is the global race for talent. Plumer...
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...Structure & Development of the New South Wales (NSW) Primary Curriculum The New South Wales Primary Curriculum provides the framework for the outcomes based education currently in use in all Public schools in New South Wales. This essay will present a brief overview of the structure, definition, goals, influences, processes and show how it meets the needs of current and future learners. Drawing from various sources, an examination of the curriculums content and foundation, will provide a snapshot of where the educational direction is headed. Curriculum Structure and Development In 2004 the Board of Studies NSW developed the consultation paper, Defining Mandatory Outcomes in the K–6 Curriculum, which also involved surveys, submissions and state-wide consultation meetings with teachers across NSW. This process helped to bring about the current NSW Primary Curriculum Foundations Statements. Collaborating with teachers and educational professionals the statements developed by the board of studies NSW give clear direction of what must be taught through each of the stages of learning in the K-6 curriculum (The Board of Studies NSW, 2007). The NSW Primary Curriculum is structured into six key learning areas (KLA’s), English; Mathematics; Science and Technology; Human Society and its Environment; Creative Arts; and Personal Development, Health and Physical Education (PDHPE). The KLA’s, along with the syllabus, remain at the core of planning and programming, and are broken...
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...Syllabus Cambridge International A & AS Level Business Studies Syllabus code 9707 For examination in June and November 2013 Contents Cambridge International A & AS Level Business Studies Syllabus code 9707 1. Introduction ..................................................................................... 2 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Why choose Cambridge? Why choose Cambridge International A & AS Level Business Studies? Cambridge Advanced International Certificate of Education (AICE) How can I find out more? 2. Assessment at a glance .................................................................. 5 3. Syllabus aims and objectives ........................................................... 7 3.1 Aims of the syllabus 3.2 Assessment objectives 4. Curriculum content .......................................................................... 9 4.1 Core syllabus 4.2 Extended syllabus 5. Resource list .................................................................................. 38 6. Appendix: International terminology.............................................. 43 7 Additional information.................................................................... 45 . 7 .1 7 .2 7 .3 7 .4 7 .5 7 .6 Guided learning hours Recommended prior learning Progression Component codes Grading and reporting Resources Cambridge A & AS Level Business Studies 9707 Examination in June and November 2013. . © UCLES 2010 1. Introduction 1.1 Why choose Cambridge? University of Cambridge International...
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...Exploring the Broken Bay Catholic Diocesan Religious Education Curriculum Document Student’s Name Institution Exploring the Broken Bay Catholic Diocesan Religious Education Curriculum Document In Catholic schools, religious education is the first area of learning. Religious education enables children and the youth to justify, explain and understand Christian message and teachings as they are taught by the Catholic Church (Carswell, 2001). Religious education is taught to all those who follow and believe in Christ in the world. Through learning, students are taught research, guided on how to study and overall learn how Christians should live (Ryan, 2003). These students also get to know the distinctive vision of the Catholic Church. The Catholic curriculum systematically directs students and enhances them to reflect critically on the meaning of being a Catholic (Carswell, 2001). In Australia, Religious Education Curriculum is imperative, and a must learn program for all years of schooling. This Program, which is denoted as K-12 contains what is to be covered in the Religious curriculum (Ryan, 2003). Time allocations are prescribed to this curriculum about the age of the learners. This program is part of the learning experience and is mandated by Australian Bishops. Its primary objective is to raising religious knowledge and awareness. In Australia, Religious Education is an extremely acclaimed feature of the Australian Catholic schools through...
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...educator? Use the literature to support your response. Be specific to your selected area of interest. NUR 647E Week 2 Discussion Question Find an article on a societal factor that is affecting nursing/patient education curriculum. Summarize your article for your classmates in 1-2 paragraphs. Discuss why you chose the article and what we can learn from this trend – how would you use it to improve the quality of nursing/patient education? This article and those posted by your classmates may become the foundation of your paper due in Topic 2. Be sure to include the entire citation in APA format. The article you select cannot be from any of the course materials or supplemental readings. Please note: It is a violation of copyright law to post the entire text of the article to an online discussion board. So be sure to post only the citation information so that we can locate it if we are interested in reading more. The article should come from a graduate-level journal, like an advanced practice journal or nursing education journal – not an entry-level journal like AJN, RN, Nursing, etc. NUR 647E Week 3 Discussion Questions Identify one group of stakeholders in curriculum development. How could you include your identified group of stakeholders in curriculum...
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...Exploring the Broken Bay Catholic Diocesan Religious Education Curriculum Document Student’s Name Institution Exploring the Broken Bay Catholic Diocesan Religious Education Curriculum Document In Catholic schools, religious education is the first area of learning. Religious education enables children and the youth to justify, explain and understand Christian message and teachings as they are taught by the Catholic Church (Carswell, 2001). Religious education is taught to all those who follow and believe in Christ in the world. Through learning, students are taught research, guided on how to study and overall learn how Christians should live (Ryan, 2003). These students also get to know the distinctive vision of the Catholic Church. The Catholic curriculum systematically directs students and enhances them to reflect critically on the meaning of being a Catholic (Carswell, 2001). In Australia, Religious Education Curriculum is imperative, and a must learn program for all years of schooling. This Program, which is denoted as K-12 contains what is to be covered in the Religious curriculum (Ryan, 2003). Time allocations are prescribed to this curriculum about the age of the learners. This program is part of the learning experience and is mandated by Australian Bishops. Its primary objective is to raising religious knowledge and awareness. In Australia, Religious Education is an extremely acclaimed feature of the Australian Catholic schools through...
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...Hall with me after class, Benny, a sophomore in one of my international relations courses, asked for, and received, some pointers on the required paper. “You’ve just told me to write exactly as I’ve been taught not to write,” said he. “And who, pray tell, taught you?” asked I. He gave an over-the-shouldernod across the street, toward Ellen Reed House--the English Department. "Hmmm. . . fine--I'mnot surprised to hear they tell you something different,” I told him. “The English profs teach you to write in a generic way, say, fiction, or generically expository stuff. I want you to write a social science paper.” With some ”Hmmm-ing” of his own, Benny shuffled off, wearing a mildly annoyed and not altogether convinced frown. How dare they teach different ways to write in different departments at the same college! Benny did make an effort to heed my suggestions, but it took persistence. For example, the introduction to his first draft, included a vague Writing Across the Curriculum, Vol. 11, August 1990 35 36 Writing Across The Curriculum (August 1990) statement like: ”Conflict between Arabs and Black Africans in the Sudan is a serious problem and should be examined in greater detail. . . including its history, causes, and future.” The purpose statement I eventually settled for read more like this: ”This paper will examine social, economic, and political aspects of the Sudanese civil war. The geography and history of the conflict will be briefly reviewed...
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