...ArrayList Johnnie L. Bagley III PRG/420 October 09, 2013 Dr. Orenthio K. Goodwin ArrayList The differences between the Array and an ArrayList is a common question asked by beginners, just starting to code using Java. The Array and ArrayList are both used to store elements, which can be a primitive or an object in the case of ArrayList in Java. A main difference between the ArrayList and an Array in Java would be the static nature of the Array, but the ArrayList has a dynamic nature. Once an Array is created, programmers cannot change the size of it, but an ArrayList will be able to re-size itself at any time. There is one more notable difference between ArrayList and an Array (Paul, 2012). The Array is a core part of Java programming that has a special syntax and a semantics support within Java. An ArrayList is a part of the collection framework of popular classes, such as HashMap, Hashtable, and Vector. There are six more differences between Array and ArrayList which will be listed in numeral order: 1. First and Major difference between Array and ArrayList in Java would be that Array is a fixed length data structure, while ArrayList is a variable length collection class. 2. Another difference is that an Array cannot use Generics, due to it cannot store files, unlike the ArrayList that allows users to use Generics to ensure storage. 3. Programmers can compare the Array vs. ArrayList on how to calculate length of Array or size of an ArrayList. 4....
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...to stand and sit up. Osteoporosis in the vertebrae can cause serious problems for women. A fracture in this area occurs from day-to-day activities like climbing stairs, lifting objects, or bending forward. Signs of osteoporosis include sloping shoulders, curve in the back, height loss, back pain, hunched posture and a protruding abdomen. [pic] (http://www.womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/osteoporosis.cfm#a ) There are several risk factors that raise your chances of developing osteoporosis. Some of these factors are things you can control, while some you can’t control. Some of the factors that you cannot control are being female, being older, menopause, having a small thin body and having a family history of...
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...ENGLISH 1113 SPRING 2014 DR. RUDOLPH RAP HERO CHUCK D. The year 1984, there was a new force on the rise in the music industry; rap. This early form of Rap was no more than some random dude on the mic at the house party going “check one, check two!” That was followed by a long descriptive rant about how awesome he was and what made him so awesome. The content of early rap was boastful and party oriented. The climate of the country was the feeling the leadership was attacking the low income communities. The Republican Party had such a delusional perception of the low income community. True drugs were being dealt daily in the ghetto. Not everyone agreed about who was doing the dealing, the government or local criminals with little resources to obtain the imported cocaine. In the mist of this mistrust and hopelessness came a rap group who was willing to take on the establishment and tell the truth about the Black American Experience. That group was Public Enemy. The front man of the group, Chuck D, the D is for dangerous; was the role model missing and needed in the black community. Chuck D whose real name is Carlton Douglas Ridenhour, said the one thing that had happened to start the group’s mission and became the true focus of the music came about one day when Chuck D was walking around his home area of Roosevelt New York with a Malcolm X t-shirt from back in the day. When a 13 year old boy walked up to Chuck D and asked him why was he wearing a ten t-shirt. This was...
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...DQ #6 Osteoporosis is a disease of the bones. Bones demineralize as they age and when this normal destruction exceeds bone formation, osteoporosis develops. Patients who suffer from osteoporosis have bones that are thin and porous and as a result, the bones fracture easily. Fractures are not only a financial burden to patients, but they also increase the patient’s risk of morbidity and mortality. Fifty percent of women and twenty-five percent of men will suffer from a fracture as a result of osteoporosis in their lifetime. Individuals are at risk for osteoporosis if there is familial history of the disease. However, research has shown that the risk of the disease and the effects of the disease can be reduced if people participate in weight bearing aerobic exercise, take calcium and vitamin D supplements and, for postmenopausal women, take hormone supplements. According to the readings I found, once osteoporosis is established, it is difficult to treat. So, preventative efforts are of greatest importance. Parents need to assure that their children are getting adequate nutrition and adults need to take preventative measures to stop or slow bone loss. Additionally, by not smoking, or stopping smoking, individuals improve their chances of fighting the disease. Ross JA. Podiatry Management, 2009 Jun; 28 (5): 195-204. Osteoporosis -- the fall that causes the fracture Taylor, Carol R., Lillis, Carol, LeMone, Priscilla, Lynn, Pamela. (7th Ed.). (2011). Fundamentals of Nursing:...
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...being one of the biggest risk factor is unavoidable, along with race and gender. Osteoporosis can happen to anyone, it has not age, gender or ethical boundaries. However it does tend to affect more women of Caucasian and Asian descent. It also affects women that are going through menopause. All of these risk factors are unavoidable. Men and other population can get osteoporosis; they are just at a slightly lower risk than Caucasian and Asian women. Certain medications such as oral or inhaled corticosteroid medications that may be necessary in treating other heath condition my lead to osteoporosis. Medication such as corticosteroids and steroids can affect bone density. Other genetic risk factors are family history of osteoporosis and rheumatoid arthritis. Having a family history does not mean that you are automatically going to get the disease but it can be a factor. There are many controllable factors in reducing the risk of osteoporosis. Diet, exercise and other behaviors are at least as important as genetics in determining who develops osteoporosis. People that exercise 3 hour a week or more have a considerably lower change of developing the disease. Weight-baring exercise that stresses the bones is important because it promotes the body to aid in calcium to the bones. Weight lifting exercise can lower the risk of osteoporosis because muscle building puts considerable stress on...
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...concept of inventing and adding a new ingredient in making pizza which is instead of using beef, pepperoni, sausage and ham the proponents choose fish sardines (in tomato sauce) as the main ingredient of the product and this is called “pizza ala sardines”. Chapter one is designed to study the project background of the proponents about their chosen product including the history, brief description of the project which pertains to the proposed name of the business, kind of business being pursued, the members of the group which refers as the proponents with their individual share of capital and the planned location where the business will put-up and operate. Historical Background Pizza is one of the most favorite foods of many Filipino. They love to eat pizza with their family, friends and peers. It is considered the most popular meal in the world, and definitely one of the favorites in the Philippines. A “pizza” is a round, open pie made with yeast dough and topped with tomato sauce, cheese, and a variety of other ingredients. Flatbreads or rounds of dough with various toppings can be found throughout the history of civilization. What is known as pizza today can be traced to Naples, Italy in the middle Ages. The Italians are also credited with coining the term pizza, although its origin is not clear. It could have derived from the Italian word for point, pizziare, meaning to pinch or pluck, or a verb meaning to sting or to season. Early toppings may have included cheeses, dates...
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...Title Page : Name : Cherilyn Herbert Student Number : 13200152 Title of Article critique : Calcium plus Vitamin D Supplementation and the Risk of Fractures Authors : Title of Journal : The New England Journal of Medicine Volume : 354 Issue : 7 Year : 2006 Pages : 669-683 Literature Review There have been various studies performed from 1990-2006 of the effects of calcium plus vitamin D supplemental therapies on fractures. A 2 year study was conducted from February 1st 1999 to March 31st 2002 5292 participants were recruited across 21 hospitals in the UK and randomly allocated to four equal groups receiving 800 IU vitamin D3,1000mg calcium, vitamin D3 (8000 IU) combined with calcium (1000mg), or a placebo. Data was collected by postal questionnaire every 4 months with dietary intake of calcium and vitamin D monitored along with sun exposure. Time interval for follow up was between 24 and 62 months. There was difficulty with compliance concerning the allocated tablets as most patients were above the age of 70 limiting cognitive function as well as gastrointestinal complaints. This study measured dietary intake and sun exposure however participants above the age of 70 have a higher incidence of fractures form falls. Participants receiving supplemental therapy of intake of more than 200 IU vitamin D or more than 500 mg calcium supplements in the past 5 years were excluded. (Grant A.M., Anderson F.H., Avenell A.,Campbell M.K, Cooper...
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...Jackson, LaCroix et. al (2006) present a quasi-experimental study examining the efficacy of supplementing calcium and vitamin D for prevention of bone fractures in postmenopausal women from ages 50 to 79. The design of this study develops a subjective population, contains factors to eliminate threats to validity, and reveals positives and negatives of studying a large population of subjects. The researchers state calcium along vitamin D intake can result in increased hip bone density, increase risk of kidney stones, and no reduced risk for bone fracture. This study involves experimental protocol that studies 36,282 postmenopausal women from ages 50-79 who were presently participating in a Women’s Health Initiative clinical trial. The study becomes subjective to a target population of similar characteristics, because of a small variety in test subjects. The study contains a large number of test subjects which helps to validate the results. If one subject presents an error in the data, the large number of participants balances out the threat. Also, the study consists of participants from 40 different clinics across the country and this helps to eliminate any threats due to ecological or regional differences. Another control method to help reject these threats is the variety in demographic factors, health behavior, and medical history. The researchers used a double blind design to randomly assign women into a treatment or placebo group which rejects threats to internal validity...
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...Radio Ad Script Thank you for listening to 92.3 the FOX… and now to our announcements: Do you ever wake up and think about your musculoskeletal system. Many of us don’t.... arthritis can be a part of not having a good skeletal system. Risk factors include age, joint injuries such as falls or sport playing, obesity, family history and sex. Females tend to have more problems than men.... Want to make sure we can have a healthy skeletal system as we get older.... then listen to this: Remember your mother telling you to always stand straight? Or if you were in the military how your drill sergeant would make you stand straight? Now that we are older in age, if we didn’t listen we sure our paying for it now. Our musculoskeletal system is our overall body and if we didn’t before, we need to take care of it now. There are many factors that we can take into consideration for healthy musculoskeletal system.... such as nutrition. Calcium is something we need. We can get this from green leafy vegetable and dairy. We can avoid the loss of calcium by avoiding sodas and coffee. We can also take vitamin d, magnesium and omega 3. Want to keep it natural. Yoga never sounded so good. Regular exercise and stretching such as yoga also helps us keep it healthy. So next time you walk buy and look at the yoga classes and laugh, just keep in mind that their musculoskeletal system is staying healthy. References Health-choices-for-life.com. Care and Feeding of the Musculoskeletal...
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...the density of bone, decreasing its strength and resulting in fragile bones” ("Osteoporosis", 2012). Osteoporosis can cause bones to break very easily. All it takes is the slightest accident and you can end up with a fracture or a complete break. The spine, hips, ribs and wrists are the most common bones broken because of this disorder. All of these most often are a result in a fall, but can happen at any point during a slight trauma. Currently there is about 55% of the population over the age of 50 that have osteoporosis or osteopenia. ("Osteoporosis", 2012) “One in two Caucasian women will fracture a bone due to osteoporosis in her lifetime”. ("Osteoporosis", 2012) Lack of exercise, poor nutrition and poor general health, family history of osteoporosis, thin and small body frame, smoking and drinking are just some of the risk factors for osteoporosis. I currently have all of those risks against me. There are four of the above risks that I can change on my own in order to prevent getting osteoporosis myself. Lack of exercise, poor nutrition, smoking and drinking are the four that I can change. The four goals that I have chosen are to stop smoking, stop drinking, to eat healthier than I have been, and to exercise more. The first goal I intend to take on is to stop smoking. Currently, I am taking a prescribed medication in order to quit smoking. I was not aware that smoking makes you more at risk for osteoporosis. So other than wanting to quit in order to be healthier...
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...Beds? Since tanning beds became a sensational hit in the 1990s, their use has evolved in various ways. The idea of getting into a metal bed to change the complexion of your skin seems harmless. It’s cheap, relaxing, and it saves you the hustle of going out in the sun. But after all these years, the question comes into mind; are tanning beds truly harmless? To answer this question, we have to go back in time, back to the 1900s when people were struggling to find a way to combat vitamin D deficiencies. This paved the way for the indoor tanning industry, which was started in 1906 by Heraeus, a German innovative medical company. Heraeus created UV tanning lamps that were beneficial especially to those with bone diseases such as Rickets, which is caused by a vitamin D deficiency. But what made the tanning bed business boom was when French celebrities like Coco Chanel and Josephine Baker displayed natural looking sun-kissed skin. However, what if a person wanted their body to evenly receive vitamin D and have sun-kissed skin all at the same time? This is where Friedrich Wolff, a German scientist, in 1978, decided to take this artificial sun one step further. Wolff was experimenting...
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...their responses to the ffq best reflect their status before they were diagnosed.In regards to the exclusion criteria, anyone with a previous diagnosis of ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease, bowel disease, or any other form of cancer will be excluded. Obese individuals, anyone with a BMI of 30 or more, anyone with a history of smoking, and current smokers will also be excluded. The rationale behind that is that those factors could play a crucial role increasing their risk for colon cancer.The controls will be strictly self-referred. We will have fliers and brochures throughout common areas in the hospitals for ppl to see. We will also accept controls from Inresearch.org which has an online registry of healthy volunteers. The same exclusion criteria would apply for controls. | Our plan is to implement a case-control design for our study. We expect the study to take about an hour, before which informed consent will be authorized by all the subjects involved. Upon giving consent, they will take a food frequency questionnaire to give us an estimate of their current portion sizes and to measure their vitamin D and calcium intake. If the subjects have had their vitamin D levels measured within 60 days of the study, we will take that information directly from their medical records; however, if that is not the case, blood will be drawn from the subjects following...
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...your osteoporosis? 2. How would your life be different if you were able to rebuild your bone density and avoid further bone injuries (due to lack of bone density)? 3. It seems you have a good support system what do you need your family and friends to do to help support you even further in you goals to improve your health? 4. What further action would you like to take regarding the bloating after meals? 5. What other information do I need as your nutritional coach to help you be successful in your attempts to mitigate your osteoporosis? List the assessment tools you would want to use for this client and explain why you feel they are useful. I would use the Nutritional History assessment for this client and it may give some useful information on how much calcium she is getting in her diet as well as vitamin D and K and magnesium and protein. For this client I would have them fill out the wheel of physical satisfaction and the wheel of nutritional satisfaction. I believe that both of these tools are a good gauge of where they feel they are at. Irregardless of the information I collect and see – it is critical to understand how the client themselves feels about these issues. Its also a good assessment of where we can start with the coaching. What are 3-5 health and nutrition promoting actions you would include in the Care Plan? 1. Making sure that the client is indeed eating eating foods that are rich in calcium . 2. Add additional foods to her diet that can be beneficial...
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...Sign In (Create a Free Personal Account) | Subscribe Search Annals of Internal Medicine Advanced Search Register for Alerts Information for Authors Submit a Manuscript Home Current Issue All Issues Online First Collections In the Clinic Journal Club CME Audio & Video Authors 17 December 2013, Vol 159, No. 12> Advertisement Email Share Get Permissions Get Citation Figures Slideset (.ppt) PDF Reviews | 17 December 2013 Vitamin and Mineral Supplements in the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer: An Updated Systematic Evidence Review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force FREE Stephen P. Fortmann, MD; Brittany U. Burda, MPH; Caitlyn A. Senger, MPH; Jennifer S. Lin, MD, MCR; and Evelyn P. Whitlock, MD, MPH [+] Article and Author Information See Also: Published Letter: Padayatty et al Published Letter: Dror et al Published Letter: Hemilä Published Letter: Bolland et al Published Letter: Fortmann et al Oral High-Dose Multivitamins and Minerals After Myocardial Infarction: A Randomized Trial Long-Term Multivitamin Supplementation and Cognitive Function in Men: A Randomized Trial Enough Is Enough: Stop Wasting Money on Vitamin and Mineral Supplements Ann Intern Med. 2013;159(12):824-834. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-159-12-20131217000729 Text Size: A Related Articles Filter By Topic > Vitamin, Mineral, and Multivitamin Supplements for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease and...
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...Abstract While attending clinical at DMH I used one of my patients to develop a case study. My case study will require me to use the skills I have been practicing to make a connection between medical and nursing problems. Some of these skills include assessment, rationales, critical thinking, and problem solving. In this paper I will go over my patient’s health history, lab tests, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and her medications. I will also provide a detailed nursing assessment, a detailed nursing process and explain reasons and rationales about my decisions involving her care. I. Health History Client Health and History: On April 9, 2014, at Decatur Memorial Hospital, my client was a 76 old Caucasian female with the initials DK. She was born in the small town of Olney, Illinois. Her husband explained that it is about a two and a half hour drive to Decatur Memorial Hospital from their hometown and this was not their first trip here. DK and her husband have been married for 56 years and have three children: two daughters and a son. She worked for McDonalds for 12 years and then retired to be a stay at home mom. My patient was admitted to the hospital based on an abnormal finding from a CAT scan. They CAT scan showed a mass in her right kidney. The patient described that she had no idea of the mass. She went in for a CAT scan because of blood in her urine and experience of her previous diagnosis of kidney cancer, and was informed of the findings. In June of 2013, she had...
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