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Dark Knight Ethics

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Josh Radcliff
The Dark Knight Essay The Joker is pure evil. His only purpose in destroying Gotham City is because he likes to wreck havoc on the world . He already escaped prison once. He is slowly tearing Gotham City apart. Batman has no choice; he must kill the Joker. Utilitarianism is the main ethical system that supports Batman killing the Joker. Because Utilitarianism is a consequentialist system, the morality of an act depends solely on its consequences, and its main focus is on utility, the belief that an act is morally good if it results in the greatest good for the greatest number of people, any stunt that the Joker plays is considered an immoral act because only he receives pleasure from his acts of crime while thousands of others suffer. When Batman traps the Joker, he has to decide between killing him or letting him go, and as defender of Gotham City, he has to take the peoples' well being into consideration. In making his decision, he also has to acknowledge the idea of Hedonism, which states that pleasure, or the absence of pain, is the only thing good or desirable for all people. Ultimately, when making a Utilitarian decision, Batman must choose the option that gives the highest kinds of pleasure to the maximum number of people. In order to do this though, it is ideal that Batman takes the viewpoint of a "disinterested and benevolent spectator," as John Stuart Mill suggests. When making a Utilitarian decision, Batman first subconsciously has to decide what things are intrinsically good, or things that they value in themselves, and after that, he must rank them based on their value. Ultimately, Batman must make a decision based on the anticipated good minus the anticipated evil. In this instance, Batman would determine that killing the Joker would result in the highest amount of pleasure for the greatest amount of people. Gotham would be freed from an incredibly harmful threat, and thousands of people would enjoy the relief, and only one would have to pay the price: the Joker. The Principle of the Common Good also suggests that Batman should kill the Joker. The main idea of the principle of the common good is that all people must be concerned with the good of the entire community. The Joker completely neglects to recognize the good of the community through his crimes, but killing the Joker protects and ensures thousands of lives within the community. Every person has rights and duties that are assumed within a community, some of which includes the community of family and of the wider society. As the hero of Gotham City, Batman's duty is to protect the community of the citizens, and because the Joker has threatened to turn all of Gotham City upside down, Batman needs to kill him to end the madness and the threat to Gotham City. One of the key understandings to the principle of the common good is that "the human person must be surrounded by a set of rights and duties that are guaranteed." These guaranteed rights and duties are adopted in order to support life in society. The Joker, however, fails to follow the standard rights of the people of Gotham, and he claims he is never going to stop. Batman must handle this risk towards Gotham City, and the only way he can dispose of the Joker is to kill him. Lastly, one of the three major elements states that peace, stability and the security of a just order are important for carrying out the principle of the common good. If Batman kills the Joker, all three of those things would be obtained: peace, relative to the crime since the Joker arrived, stability in that the Batman will stabilize the biggest threat that Gotham Faces, and the security of a just order in that the Batman will be allowed to stay in Gotham city and secure the just order of the city. The principle of the common good should influence Batman to kill the Joker. The principle of subsidiarity would also support Batman killing the Joker. The principle of subsidiarity attempts to keep a balance between the power of the state and the power of the individuals. Batman is the person who is capable of capturing and killing the Joker, but he always consents with the police and government of Gotham, usually represented by Gordon and Harvey, who help him decide on the best action to take when dealing with the Joker. Gordon and Harvey have seen enough of the Joker's capabilities, and they are okay if Batman kills the Joker, but Batman is the only one capable of doing so. Therefore, killing the Joker would be a good blend of power because the state consents to kill the Joker, and the individual, Batman, does it. It would not be a good blend of power if Batman did not kill the Joker because Batman is one of the few men in Gotham who believe the Joker should not be killed, but if he did not kill the Joker, he would be abusing his power by being the only one to make the decision to keep the Joker alive, and by then neglecting to not kill the Joker when given the opportunity. Furthermore, the administration is actively involved in making the decision of whether or not to kill Joker, but their actions are limited, which happens to be a key understanding of the principle of subsidiarity. Lastly, the principle of subsidiarity allows for an individual or a family to precede the interests of the state, meaning the people of the city also get to voice their opinion on a solution to the problem. The people of Gotham believe that Batman is causing the Joker to kill all of the citizens, so they demand that he turns himself in during Harvey Dent's press conference. They think that once Batman turns himself in, Gotham's police force will kill the Joker and save the city from chaos. Because of the citizens' demands, Harvey turns himself in, claiming to be Batman so the citizens will feel that their voice in the situation has been heard. However, Harvey understands that the citizens do not fully understand the situation, so he claims to be the Batman because he knows the real Batman is Gotham's only hope of killing the Joker. There is a good balance between the state, the citizens, and the individual (Batman) should Batman choose to kill the Joker, but if he refuses to kill the Joker, many people would feel that he used his power and influence to personally get what he wants. The Joker's crimes are too extreme to be ignored. Gotham would be forever tortured if the Joker were not killed. The crimes would continue, and each day Batman does not kill the Joker is another day the Joker has to plan another crime.Utilitarianism, the principle of the common good, and the principle of subsidiarity all confirm that killing the Joker would be the best decision for Gotham City.

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[ 1 ]. Lucien Longtin, An Introduction to Catholic Ethics (Arlington: National Catholic Educational Association, 2003), 64-5.
[ 2 ]. Ibid., 62
[ 3 ]. Ibid., 65.
[ 4 ]. Ibid., 63.
[ 5 ]. Ibid., 66.
[ 6 ]. Feely, Katherine. "The Principle of the Common Good," Education for Justice. http://www.educationforjustice.org/system/files/CommonGoodBackgrounder_0.pdf. Accessed March 28, 2012.
[ 7 ]. Ibid.
[ 8 ]. Ibid.
[ 9 ]. Ibid.
[ 10 ]. Feely, Katherine. "Principle of Subsidiarity," Education for Justic. http://www.educationforjustice.org/system/files/CommonGoodBackgrounder_0.pdf. Accessed March 28, 2012.
[ 11 ]. Ibid.
[ 12 ]. Ibid.

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